4.4. Typography 4.4.

1 Definition of Typography Typography can also be said as a "visual language" or to mean "language that can be seen". Typography is a discipline in selecting and arranging the letters with the settings on the distribution of available spaces, to create a certain impression, so it can help readers to get a maximum reading comfort. Also known as the art of typography, the work or design that uses the font settings as the main element. In the art of typography, understanding the letter as a symbol of the sound can be ignored. Role of the typeface itself is to communicate ideas or information from the page to the observer. Sometimes unconsciously, we'd always associated with typography every day and every moment.Such as newspapers or magazines we read, the label we wear ordinary clothes and many other examples. Due to the nature of this tutorial beginners, it can be followed either by a Web designer who, on average, unfortunately, is less familiar than the typeface designer or by the public prints. It would be nice if everyone understood the fundamentals of typography. Moreover, because now every day like it or not in dealing with letters and type on the computer. Starting from choosing the font will make the letters, invitations, web pages, business cards, and others.

4.4.2 History of Typography Historical development of the use of typography begins pictograph. This form of language, among others, used by the Vikings of Norway and Sioux Indians. In developing Egypt Hieratic typeface, known by the name of hieroglyphs in about 1300 BC century. This form of typography is the root of the form Demotia, which were written using a special pen.

Peak development of typography, occurred at approximately the 8th century BC in Rome when the Romans began to establish his authority. Because the Romans did not have its own writing system, they learn the Etruscan writing system which is a native of Italy and perfected thus forming Roman letters. Currently experiencing growth of typefaces by hand until the creation phase of computerization experience. Phase of computerization makes use of typography is easier and faster in less time with this type of choice of hundreds of letters. So the importance of the role of typography in design that we produce, so even if the visual design of our "WOW", but if it is not easy in typography read and hard to understand, the design includes fail. To avoid that, here are six basic tips to make the typography is more attractive, comfortable and easy to read. A. kerning Kerning is the spacing between letters. If a word or sentence spacing between the letters are too long or too short, the bias in the set by using kerning techniques. But it must be noticed, do not get too mendempetkan kerning as a result the title / text will be hard to read and feel 'full'. So, use this technique to taste.

Figure 4.1 processing with the letter kerning techniques

2. Selection of Fonts Appropriate use of font types can help design a more integrated and more quickly communicate design intent. For example, the beauty brochure design, we can not use a font that 'hard', the form of stiff and thick. It would be more appropriate if we use a font that is thin and flexible, according to the personality of the target market is headed, namely women. Font types can be described types of 'voice' which speaks to the design. Bold font style will feel like a male voice and heavy sound. Font types can be described types of 'voice' that speaks to the design. Bold font style will feel like a male voice and heavy sound. Font-shaped rigid and boxes, it will feel like a robot or a machine that talks, and so on. Each type of font has its own type of sound.

Figure 4.2 Each font has a different character

3. Weights and Measures We can play a heavy (thick and thin) and size (large and small) font, to give emphasis (which elements will be read or displayed first).Thus indirectly the reader will be guided in accordance with the flow we want. This method is also to prevent the reader dizzy which parts should be viewed first. One sequence in the reading will result in information that we distribute hard to understand.

Figure 4.3 Size-sensitive

4. leading Leading is the spacing between the upper and lower sentences in a paragraph. Usually these elements are rare in the person who tinkers by most designers. Though leading a properly managed willmake the reader does not feel tired if they are reading a long article. Distance which is derived if we play a leading will provide impression of space (whitespace). Which of course makes the eye does not get tired of seeing so much text.

5. color The color of the font is usually adjusted to the background. If thebackground color (pictured) then it is better to use a font color that is neutral (eg white). Which would have to produce enough contrast, so that it remains comfortable in reading and not 'stab' eyes.

Figure 4.5 type composition of adult

4.4.3 Width of Paragraph Specifies the width of the paragraph is very important, because it affects the convenience of reading. Just imagine a big paragraph on page website with a long article. We shall need to rotate the head slightly (from left to right) to read the article. I guarantee we'll only last12 paragraphs! Ideally paragraphs are not too wide (and not too short), to be adjusted with a large font as well. For indeed we should try to directly read the paragraph that we design to find the ideal width. If we are still moving the head quite often, that means we need to set the width of the paragraph.

Figure 4.6 the width of the paragraph is too wide to be easily readable

4.4.4 Type / Typeface and Fonts One of the first things you might notice from the different writings it is, that instead of the letters are different, but kind of letters as well. The letter "A" or "a" in a word can differ from the letter "A" and "a" to another. You know that both are the same alphabet alphabet, but you also observe that different types of letters. It could be that a thicker or fatter than the others, it could be the legs of the letter there that has a stalk, or shorter or longer, and so forth. A similar typeface is sometimes given specific names (such as Times New Roman). The font is called a typeface, or simply type. Now people are also often refer to the font with the font, because the file that contains information on a computer given the term typeface fonts (for example, in Windows, to draw the type of information stored in the file ARIAL.TTF Arial). In the world of traditional typefaces (no digital), when the letters are printed using metal beams, the font has a different meaning set of beam-

beam metal letters that have sat typeface and a certain size. Later then the computer people use the term font back to the field of digital typography. The second term typeface / font type and in this article will be used interchangeably.

Figure 4.7 Type - type of font

4.4.5 Classification of Types There are many types of letters that can be observed. Maybe onyour own computer there are hundreds to thousands of installed fontfile. Most of the unique and strange font shape so easilyrecognizable, while others seem to glimpse something like all.Every moment was created the new fonts. Hollywood film producer, for example, often spend money to design a new font that is unique to the film.

Based on its shape, typography experts generally divide letters intotwo major groups: serif and sans serif. Then there is the third and

fourth groups called script and decorative. Serif and sans serif was different, but let's know the difference before serif and sans serif.

4.4.6 Serif and Sans Serif 4.4.6

1. Serif Serif fonts are fonts have small lines up horizontally on the body of the letter. These lines are commonly referred to as small Serif counterstroke or bracketed. Counterstroke makes serif fonts are easier to read because the line is to help guide the reader's eye through a line of text. It is used for text content, or content as the readability and good readability. Serif also be referred to the Old Style you can see the font classification. There are four main features in the Serif A. The curve is skewed to the left axis 2. Serif arch / counterstroke 3. There is a contrast between thick and thin line fonts 4. There is a bar / horizontal lines on the font

Figure 4.8 Serif Font

Fonts can be grouped in serif fonts are: Times New Roman,Garamond, Book Antiqua, Palatino Linotype, Bookman Old StyleCalisto MT, Dutch, Euro Roman, Ge orgia, Roman Pan, Romantic,Souevenir, and others. 2. Sans Serif Sans serif fonts are fonts that do not have the little lines and is solid.This typeface is more assertive, more functional and modern.Examples of fonts that are classified to the sans serif: Helvetica(1957), Arial, Futura, Avant Garde, Bitstream Vera Sans, Ce nturyGothic and others. Little to discuss about the Helvetica font which isvery historic, because the classification of the last letter a milestone marked by the birth of Helvetica font in 1957. Many people greatly admire and use this font helvetica. There are three main characteristics Sans Serif 1. Square-shaped curved line / square 2. There are subtle differences in contrast 3. Form close to the vertical emphasis

Figure 4.9 Font Sans Serif

3. Script and Decorative (Miscellaneous) In addition to serif and sans serif, there are also types the letter "continued" and the letter "freestyle." Continued the letter or script you can also call a "handwritten letter" (handwriting) because it resembles handwriting. Script letters resembling hand-crafted scratch pen, brush or pencil sharp and are usually skewed to the right. The impression it creates is personal and intimate nature.

Figure 4.10 Script and Decorative Fonts

Miscellaneous - Letters of this kind is the development of the forms that already exist. Plus decorations and ornaments, or decorative lines. Held impression is decorative and ornamental. Generally, the type-script and decorative fonts are used for decoration or decoration, not for text or headline text. Because the degree of complexity is higher, then unsuitable for reading the text because it will be difficult. based on different types of letters to the conclusion that the feature attraction - the hallmark of the letter are : 1. The letters are not hooked up (sans serif)

a. Do not have a hook (hook / terminal) just stalks and stems only. b. Form of sharp or blunt edges. c. Its simple and less formal. d. Very easy to read e. Example: Arial, avant grade, MS Sans Serif, etc.. 2. The letter relates (serif) a. Has a terminal. b. Formal, elegant, luxurious, elegant. c. Less easy to read. d. Example: Times New Roman, Garamond, MS Serif. 3. Write a letter (scipt) a. Each letter related such as handwriting. (words of our timeelementary school teacher bu erect continued) b. Its chic, exclusive, romantic, traditional. c. Difficult to read if it is too small and numerous. d. Example: Alegro Shelley, Bradley Hand, Lucida Handwriting, etc.. 4. Decorative letters a. Each letter is made a detailed and complete. b. Its luxurious, free, graceful, traditional, special. c. Very difficult to read, use only as an alternative drop cap. d. Example: English, Augsburger Initial, etc.. 5. monospace a. Identical with serif or sans serif, but the distance between letters is similar. 2) Its formal, sderhana, futuristic, rigid,. b. Easy to read but less neat. c. Example: Courier

4.4.7 Anatomy Glossary of Terms

Figure 4.11 Anatomy of Letters

Baseline is a virtual line which becomes the floor most of the letters. Not all letters must be appropriate based on the baseline. If you look carefully, hurut "t", "p", and "q" Helvetica type is a little bit over the line baseline to the bottom. Then cap line ("capital line") is a term for a virtual line which becomes the upper limit of capital letters. These lines also are indicative, it does not mean there should not be in excess of the letter cap line. Try to print or display on screen the letter "f" Helvetica or some other type then you will see a little more than cap line high. The letter "k" as well, although not very frequent, high over the high capital letters. Okay. If cap line is a line of high standards for capital letters, then meanline is a high benchmark for small letters. While the small letters that pass through the stalk to the top mean line called the ascender and the stalk pass down the so-called baseline descender (eg the main stalk the letter "p"). As mentioned earlier, ascender and descender can exceed capline and baseline free taste of the designer or design type.

4.4.8 The term Other Anatomy At the end of stroke serif type letters, as discussed in the previous tutorial, will be found a stalk or decorations, called serifs. While in sans serif type, end stroke and just plain plain-called terminal. Apex is the tip of a pointed letter "A". Arm is the horizontal scratches on the letter "T". Ear is an excerpt on the letter "g" in most of the serif fonts. Counter is the negative space formed in a letter, like the letter "p" or "c" ..

Figure 4.12 Some of the terms Anatomy Other Letters

4.4.9 The difference from Figure of Vector and Bitmap Images

Figure 4.13 Difference Vector and Bitmap Image

1. Vector Vector images consist of the coordinates of the point of merging into a line or curve to later become an object, so the image is not to be broken even if enlarged or reduced. Vector images generally have a smaller size when compared with bitmap images. A vector file is built from the shape defined by mathematical equations. As a result, when you zoom into a vector image, quality remains sharp, as shown above are scaled to 400%. The fact that vector images are constructed using high-resolution images have a sharpness of detail which is quite high. It is not worrying if the vector file we want to print. Examples of vector file formats: EPS (Encapsulated PostScript). Eps AI (Adobe Illustrator Artwork). Ai CDR (CorelDraw). Cdr

 SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics). Svg PDF (Portable Document Format). Pdf 2. Bitmap Bitmap image is a data structure that represents the arrangement of color pixels that are displayed on the monitor screen, paper or other display media. Technically bitmap image depicted by the width and height in pixels and the number of bits per pixel. A bitmap file (also known as raster) is an image constructed from pixels. If you zoom into a bitmap file (as shown above scaled to 400%) then you'll begin to see the dots of individual pixels, consequently, if we print the file will produce a blurred image. We can also improve the resolution of the bitmap file by using statistical software such as Photoshop and there are some specific techniques by using a vector graphics editor such as Illustrator. This will make or give freedom in editing of a graphic image. Examples of bitmap file formats: TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) Tif, .. Tiff JPEG jpg, .. Jpeg PSD (Photoshop Document). PSD GIF (Graphics Interchange Format). Gif PNG (Portable Network Graphics). Png Advantages and Disadvantages vector images with Image Bitmap / raster 1. Excess Vector Graphics a. Storage space for more efficient object image b. Vector image object can be changed in size and shape without lowering

the quality looks c. Can be printed on your printer's highest resolution d. Drawing and editing vector shape is relatively easy and fun e. To draw a simple object, its size can be very small if we put in a flash. f. If done over so-called scaling or zoom, the image can still be seen clearly. 2. Disadvantages of Vector Graphics a. Unable to generate a vector image of the prime objects when converting the image object from the bitmap format b. However, vector image was more consuming process, because the image is based on the points and sometimes uses a Mathematical equation, so uses the need to count them. c. Small size. d. Not suitable for animation. 3. Excess Bitmap Graphics a. Can be added to certain special effects that can make objects appear as you wish. b. Can produce a bitmap image object darionjek vector images in a convenient and quick, quality results can be determined c. For drawing objects, image size is relatively constant. d. Because bitmap images composed of pixels, the computational process is very good for animation. e. Large size. 4. Bitmap Graphic weakness a. Object when the image is resized to have problems, especially when the object image is enlarged. b. The effect that of the bitmap-based objects will look broken or

less detail when printed at lower resolutions c. If you do the scaling, then we will have the effect of the boxes, or images as if broken. 4.4.10 Vector Image Processing Vector images consist of the coordinates of the point of merging into a line or curve to later become an object, so the image is not to be broken even if enlarged or reduced. Vector images are suitable for a logo. So if you're editing vector images meant to modify the information lines and curves that make up the object, which does not depend on the resolution. Reason why vector images will not rupture as a bitmap image. can process the bitmap image is broken by patching a certain part using vector images recall the images that may appear on the computer screen together. Vector images are not based on the number of pixels as a vector image format based on the application used to process the image. Vector images must be processed by the vector-processing software, including Adobe Illustrator with the format *. AI, CorelDraw with the format *. CDR, Macromedia Flash format. Fla.

4.4.11 Vector Image Processing Software As mentioned above, there are fundamental differences between software vector and bitmap image processing, especially in base format, bitmap using pixel basis while vector based on the lines and curves. For vector image processing, can use software such as Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, Flash and 3D Studio Max. Various kinds of software on top of providing a variety of different facilities, in accordance with the functionality and usability. In its development, there are two kinds of vector images, which is a two-dimensional and three

dimensional. Currently the provider of a vector-based graphics software such as Corel Corporation, in its products, also provides a bitmap image processing software. So, once the installation of Corel, CorelDRAW, and instantly get Corel Photo Paint. But still there are shortcomings, vectorbased graphics software was still not able to match the bitmap-based graphics software. Adobe Illustrator Adobe Illustrator is a vector-based graphics applications are quite popular in the world of design. Adobe Illustrator provides a variety of facilities that make it easy to create a basic two-dimensional objects. Even when this has developed facilities that provide three-dimensional image to facilitate an illustrator to produce objects that close to 1 its original form.

Figure 4.14 Interface Adobe Illustrator

The resulting format is Adobe Illustrator *. AI. Among the facilities available in Adobe Illustrator is the Pen Tool and coloring objects, three dimensional effects, the effects of scribble, tracking the effect of clipping mask photo. Supported facilities that facilitate in making the illustrations, the library. There are four categories of these facilities, the library brush, graphic style library, swatch library and symbol library.

Adobe In design Adobe In Design is a graphic software for desktop publishing. Lately, many designers are using this software because it has advantages over other Desktop Publishing. Actually, Adobe In Design is a development version of the Adobe PageMaker because since 2002 the company developed the Adobe In Design and Adobe stopped development Adobe PageMaker.

Gambar 4.15 Interface Adobe InDesign

Adobe InDesign provides a more complete and more sophisticated. These facilities make it easier to manage page layout publications like tabloids, magazines, brochures, books and invitations. Coreldraw CorelDraw is a vector image processing software application that provides many facilities so that a designer to have a lot of painting, illustrations, logo and layout settings. To meet the needs of graphic design, CorelDraw provide crop, tracing, drawing the start, and fill

effects and PDF security. Until now have emerged, or X5 version 15, which provides many facilities that make it easier for designers. But we will learn today is Corel Draw version 13 or X3.

Gambar 4.16 Interface CorelDraw

3D Studio Max 3D Studio Max is a vector-based graphics software that can help in the work of animator to create a masterpiece of architecture, graphic design and computer-assisted animated film. 3D Studio Maxproduces images that are designed to create a mock object in the real world in three dimensions. 3D Studio Max is the advantage to combine object-based illustration picture (image) and vector-based objects to form a new 3- dimensional objects. This capability is available as 3D Studio Maxrendering is supported by sophisticated technology.

Gambar 4.17 Interface 3D Max

Macromedia Flash Development of information technology, especially Internet, are not directly make the website as a necessity that can not be abandoned. Many private and state institutions are competing to create a website. With so many websites the internet users are pampered with a variety of attractive appearance. There are plenty of software to enhance the look of the website. One is Macromedia Flash. Macromedia Flash is a vector-based program that has the ability to create complex animations quickly and easily. Therefore, many designers use it to enhance the appearance of the web make it more interesting and interactive. One of the advantages is to have the Macromedia Flash vector graphics technology that allows the film or image is enlarged without reducing image quality. In addition this program easier to use than other programs like Animated Gifs, because of its open environment, can be accessed at several web-processing program such as Dream weaver.

Gambar 4.18 Interface Flash Profesional

4.4.12 Work with Coreldraw Works using CorelDraw's basic concepts must be understood first. If there is a development version, see the Help menu or press the Fl.Open the software by clicking Start Programs CorelDraw interface so it will look like the figure below.

Gambar 4.20 Lembar Kerja Corel Draw X3

Setting the Area Paper We do not discuss the toolbox, tool bar, menu and property bar as in Photoshop. This is because the software is very simple, no tools are hidden. Therefore, we will immediately discuss the work area. First of all to

be doing is setting up a work area can use the property bar or click the Layout Page Setup ... so it will appear as shown in the figure below.

Figure 4.21 Setup Display Setup Worksheet for

Set the Layout Area

Figure 4.22 Layout Display Layout To Set Worksheet

Layout can be set according to the needs of designers, with this facility can be set up worksheets full page or multiple pages each page is divided into several Column.

Set the Paper area For ease of layout, use the vertical and horizontal auxiliary lines. The first thing to do is set the margin line. 1. Make a face to face each other page by using the Options box. Click the layout and switch on the checklist Facing Pages like the picture above. 2. Add pages as needed. The previous one page to 8 pages with a click Insert Page Layout. Insert the contents page with the number 7 After that click OK

Figure 4.23 Insert Page

3. To it at will using the guideline. To be more precise in regulating the coordinate lines, you must first activate the View Grid and Ruler Setup and set. 4. After appearing as the picture above, the Options box, click on Spacing and set the distance between the horizontal and vertical grid to 1 millimeter, which was originally 5 millimeters. Click the Snap to Grid and Show Grid Lines as. After that click OK. grid by clicking

Figure 4.24 Option Grid

Figure 4.25 Margin which is set

Figure 4.26 Drag the grid to create a margin

5. To set margins, drag from the ruler the distance with a distance of 20 mm from the reference point (coordinates 0,0). 6. After all these steps is executed then CorelDraw 8-page will appear with a back and forth, spacing between vertical and horizontal lines 1 mm.

Organize paragraphs CorelDraw text distinguishes into two kinds, namely the artistic text and paragraph text. Paragraph of text used for the content on newspaper articles or magazine while the artistic text used for headings or logo. In addition there are other differences, in which artistic transform text has facilities, such as scale and distort. 1. Make a few paragraphs in work area until a full page or more. Click the Text Tool and drag to the desired area. Setting a paragraph to paragraph with artistic text and title text.

Figure 4.27 Format Paragraph Text to set

2. To create a paragraph into two columns, click the Text Format Text or Ctrl + T. On the Number of Columns, content with the number2. The distance between the columns can be arranged by filling the column width. Click checklist Equal Width Columns to Left and Right Columns remove. Click OK to finish. 3. Set the type of averaging, the left, flush right, the left right or left flat full right. In CorelDraw, to use this facility, click the Text Format Text or Ctrl + T. In the Alignment, the contents of the paragraph options, including None, Right, Left, Justify Full Justify or Force. When finished, click OK. 4. After setting the format column and click OK

Copy paragraphs from Ms. Word When you are preparing a script written in Microsoft Word program, no need to rewrite. Just do copy-paste command with the following steps:

Figure 4.28 Format Text to set the column

1. Copy the text in Microsoft Word, click Edit Copy or press Ctrl +C. 2. Enable CorelDraw and then click Edit Paste Special dialogbox that appears like the figure below. 3. Set the margins of the paragraph in accordance with the mouse.

Paragraph style In the manufacture of magazines or newspapers each paragraph has its own settings. For that CorelDraw provide facilities such as regulator of the paragraph indent at the beginning of the line or a point. But usually the majority of text is body text. Here's a way of making style to a paragraph in CorelDraw. 1. Selection will be made paragraph style. 2. Click the Text Format Text or press Ctrl + T on the Character Table. Set Font type and Size as needed. Paragraph on

the table, set the First Line indents. Georgia for example select Font, Size 9pt and the indents enter the number 5. When finished, click OK. 3. Right click and select Save Style on the Style Property. Name the style body text body text with the name or other name by creations. 4. After that select all paragraphs that would create a body text. In the Property Bar to change the Default Paragraph Text Body Text. Or click Tool Graphic and paragraph style and choose Body Text. 5. If you want to restore the style of a paragraph in the previous paragraph selection, right click on the Style and choose Revert to Style. Wrapping Text Ability to be possessed by publishing software is text wrapping Other than CorelDraw, some other software such as Microsoft Office and Adobe In design have this facility. Here the use of wrapping text in CorelDraw. 1. In the workspace import any image or object that covers most of the text paragraphs. To import, click File Import or press Ctrl + I. 2. Selection of images then right click, select the Wrap Paragraph Text. Paragraph text will automatically adjust the picture or object that originally covered it. 3. When you want to set the wrapping, click on the image and select Properties. Adjust the distance between image and text wrapping.

Text envelope Envelope is used to form a paragraph form the specified object.Here's how to use it.

1. Prepare any text paragraphs to meet a full page. 2. Activate the Pick Tool paragraph (arrow) and then click Effects Envelope. Present click Add and then select the form of paragraph according to the desire and then click Apply. 3. Then the selection of the envelope with the Pick Tool. Set the size of the envelope in accordance with the wishes and creativity.

Adding a Bullet Bullet text is a facility used to make certain paragraphs with a point. Here are steps to make it. 1. Selection of first paragraph that you want to change a bulleted text. 2. Click on the property bar, click the Show / Hide Bullet or press Ctrl + M. Selected area will appear with symbols pencil paragraph text. 3. Then replace it with a pencil symbol click Text Format Text or press Ctrl + T. Set Symbol and select Hanging Indent. 4. can change the font type and size as desired. When all path shave been traversed.

Header Master CorelDraw Header Master facilities. Perform the following steps: 1. Make any object header at the top of the page. 2. Activate the object with the Pick Tool, then click Tools Object Manager. Once the box pops Object Manager, create a new layer by clicking the triangle button in the upper right and select New Master Layer. 3. Give the name of "Master Header" then activate the object and click the

triangle in the upper right, select Move to Layer. 4. Arrow symbol will appear and the two black boxes. Drag the Master Header layer. The page will automatically fill the object header 5. When finished, return to normal activity layer by clicking Layer 1.

Text manipulation In contrast to the paragraph text, artistic text used for titles or create a logo. Or text can be transformed font and kerning. This example demonstrates how to make the title. 1. Selection of text and change it to Default Artistic Text and then select the desired font. CorelDraw has a preview fonts that can show various types of fonts. 2. The next step, copy the title of a paragraph, click Edit Copy or press Ctrl + C. Then paste it by clicking Edit Paste. In the color palette, set the color to be 10% Black, so the title will be acquired artistic.

Kerning or Tracking Can adjust the spacing kerning or tracking on the title of the paragraph. To use this facility in CorelDraw, the way is as follows: A. In the tool box, click the Pick Tool and paragraphs title selection.After the title of the paragraph is selected, click the Shape Tool or click the F10 key. 1. After that adjust the kerning distance. 2. After that adjust the kerning distance. Photo Effects Text Excess vector image processing software is its ability to processtext. There are many facilities that can be used to manipulate the text

to be more artistic. In principle, create a text format Default Artistic Text. 1. Prepare any text with Default Artistic Text, select the font type and content of the Bauhaus 93 font size 70 or by the desire and creativity. 2. Import any image by clicking File Import or press Ctrl + I. 3. Use the Pick Tool and image selection. Click the Effects Power Clip Place inside Container. After that will appear and point the arrow symbol of the title text and click the left mouse button. Shadow Text Effect To create a text shadow effect, can use the following steps: 1. Prepare any text and then selection with Pick Tool. In the tool box, click the Interactive Drop Shadow Tool. Set shadow directionwith the mouse. 2. After setting the direction of the image is complete it will getresults as shown in Figure below.

Figure 4.29 Efek teks Interaktive Drop shadow

Metal effect By following this step the text will look like made of metal. Here are the

steps to create this effect. 1. Create a background such as a gray box. 2. Create a text 'CLIP' with Arial black font

Figure 4.30 Determining Font

3. Create a closed curve, with the pen tool, then fill color or fill it with black

4:31 Making the image curve

4. Closed curve in the given color gradation of black to white with the fill tool interactive tool. Drag as shown below

Figure 4.32 Color Curves

5. We will use the power clip effect to enter text into curves 'CLIP'.But the result will go in the middle of the curve text as shown below:

Figure 4.33 Effect Power Clip

6. To change the clip so that power is not automatically in the text(container). Click the tools menu => options: workspace: edit. Turn off auto-check list new center Power Clip contents

Figure 4.34 Turn off Check List Auto Center

7. Power Clip now ready, turn on the curve, and then click the menu effect => Power Clip => place inside the container, click the text 'CLIP'

Figure 4.35 Enabling the Curve

8. By way as before you could certainly make a gradation of black and white for text 'CLIP' so it appears as follows.

4:36 Creating Gradient image Black & White

9. To better feel the difference with the background, create a whiteoutline on text'CLIP 'as follows

Figure 4.37 Line Out White Accents

To be more so again the difference with the background, create a shadow on the Text 'CLIP' with interactive drop shadow tool

4:38 Giving shadow image on the Text

11. Drag from the middle of text down the diagonal as follows