Introduction

Retailing consists of the sale of goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store ,shopping mall etc .The retailer buys goods or products in large quantities from manufacturers either directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells smaller quantities to the end-user. Retail establishments are often called shops or stores. Retailers are at the end of the supply chain. Manufacturing marketers see the process of retailing as a necessary part of their overall distribution strategy. In the retail outlet various type of good and service are provide to the customer but all the goods and services are generally homogenous in nature through all the other retail outlets . Product and services of every company are available in every retail outlet. It is also find that many customer only used to shopping in own decided outlet rather from every outlets even there is homogenous among the product and service offer by the every retail outlet .So This put the question in the mind of the every retailer that is there is any gap between what customer expected from retailers and what retailer provides to customer during shopping. No two customers have the identical likes and preferences. Delivery value and narrowing down the zone of tolerance is a tightrope walk for marketer in organized retail sector. Especially in market like India the challenges is formidable because organizations need to cater to a wide and diverse group of customers .Thus building equity and generating volumes in such complex market tapers down to the function of managing customer expectation. Customers take their time to first sketch their needs and then arrive at a specific decision. At the end of the day the question is what does the customer expect? How to fulfill the glaring gap between need and expectations? The answers to this question are by delivering the value But in many case retailers are not aware of what their customer expect. Hence they are unable to deliver the right value to the right customer and satisfy them .Especially in this competitive scenario where the customer are well informed, commanding and demanding at the same time it has become imperative for the organization to be updated on the WHAT,WHYand HOW of each and every customer. This calls for empathizing with the customer by indulging into their priorities and decision making. Even in the case of a product as simple as beauty soap, customer have versatile expectations like, good packaging fragrance, herbal or medical benefit, glowing skin etc. and all this at an affordable price. A daunting task but companies have no option but to offer the expected value, that too by keeping the operating costs low.

Following general expectations of a typical customer Value of Money Availability and location Service expectations Quality in Product Need based solution

So in other to deliver the value, Retail outlets in addition to providing products and services, need to cater for a wide range of motives. The various determinants of retail outlet preference include cleanliness, well-stocked shelves, and range of products, helpful staff, disabled access, wide aisles, car parking, multiple billing points and environmentally friendly goods. These differing motives arise as retailers cater to different types of shoppers who include economic consumers (concern with value), personalized consumers (concern with relationships), recreational shoppers (shopping as a leisure activity) and apathetic consumers (who dislike shopping). Retailers have to satisfy budding customers, older consumers as well as time crunched individuals whose motives all tend to be conflicting as well as different. Retailers need to establish a good image to prevent customers from shopping around. They must cater to shoppers need for pleasure and practicality. If expressed as a calculation, customer satisfaction might look something like this: Customer expectations = Companies Performance/ Companies Satisfaction Satisfaction is a consumers post-purchase evaluation of the overall service experience. It is an affective reaction (Menon and Dub, 2000) in which the consumers needs, desires and expectations during the course of the service experience have been met or exceeded (Lovelock, 2001). Satisfaction in this sense could mean that a supermarket has just barely met the customers expectations, not exceeded nor disappointed those expectations. The benefits of taking the customers response beyond satisfaction at this level by exceeding expectations, is a competitive strategy many retailers aspire to achieve. There is a recurrent struggle for existence and survival in the wake of deep competition, drastically changing customer attitudes and expectation levels. The study would enable us to understand the impact of various factors that influence a consumers shopping behavior in a departmental store. It would also help in knowing the magnitude and direction of movement of these factors amongst each other. These factors have been divided into three heads- Store, Situation and Shopper factors.

Retail Industry: An Overview

Retailing is the interface between the producer and the individual consumer buying for personal consumption. This excludes direct interface between the manufacturer and institutional buyers such as the government and other bulk customers. A retailer is one who stocks the producers goods and is involved in the act of selling it to the individual consumer, at a margin of profit. As such, retailing is the last link that connects the individual consumer with the manufacturing and distribution chain. Retail has played a major role world over in increasing productivity across a wide range of consumer goods and services .The impact can be best seen in countries like U.S.A., U.K., Mexico, Thailand and more recently China. Economies of countries like Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka and Dubai are also heavily assisted by the retail sector.

Top Retailers Worldwide: Rank Retailer Home Country

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Carrefour Group The Kroger Co. The Home Depot, Inc. Metro U.S.A. France U.S.A. U.S.A. Germany

The retail industry in India is of late often being hailed as one of the sunrise sectors in the economy. AT Kearney, the well-known international management consultancy, recently identified India as the second most attractive retail destination globally from among thirty emergent markets. It has made India the cause of a good deal of excitement and the cynosure of many foreign eyes. With a contribution of 14% to the national GDP and employing 7% of the total workforce (only agriculture employs more) in the country, the retail industry is definitely one of the pillars of the Indian economy. Retail sales in India amounted to about Rs.7400 billion in 2002, expanded at an average annual rate of 7% during 1999-2002. With the upturn in economic growth during 2003, retail sales are also expected to expand at a higher pace of nearly 10%. Across the country, retail sales in real terms are predicted to rise more rapidly than consumer expenditure during 2003-08. The forecast growth in real retail sales during 2003- 2008 is 8.3% per year, compared with 7.1% for consumer expenditure. Modernization of the Indian retail sector will be reflected in rapid growth in sales of supermarkets, departmental stores and hyper marts. Sales from these large-format stores are to expand at growth rates ranging from 24% to 49% per year during 2003-2008, according to a
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latest report by Euro monitor International, a leading provider of global consumermarket intelligence. A. T. Kearney Inc. places India 6th on a global retail development index. The country has the highest per capita outlets in the world - 5.5 outlets per 1000 population. Around 7% of the population in India is engaged in retailing, as compared to 20% in the USA. In a developing country like India, a large chunk of consumer expenditure is on basic necessities, especially food-related items. Hence, it is not surprising that food, beverages and tobacco accounted for as much as 71% of retail sales in 2002. The share of food related items had, however, declined over the review period, down from 73% in 1999. This is not unexpected, because with income growth, Indians, like consumers elsewhere, have started spending more on non-food items compared with food products. Sales through supermarkets and department stores are small compared with overall retail sales. Nevertheless, their sales have grown much more rapidly, at almost a triple rate (about 30% per year during the review period). This high acceleration in sales through modern retail formats is expected to continue during the next few years, with the rapid growth in numbers of such outlets due to consumer demand and business potential. The factors responsible for the development of the retail sector in India can be broadly summarized as follows: Rising incomes and improvements in infrastructure are enlarging consumer markets and accelerating the convergence of consumer tastes. Looking at income classification, the National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) classified approximately 50% of the Indian population as low income in 1994-95; this is expected to decline to 17.8% by 2006-07. Liberalization of the Indian economy which has led to the opening up of the market for consumer goods has helped the MNC brands like Kellogs, Unilever, Nestle, etc. to make significant inroads into the vast consumer market by offering a wide range of choices to the Indian consumers. Shift in consumer demand to foreign brands like McDonalds, Sony, Panasonic, etc. The internet revolution is making the Indian consumer more accessible to the growing influences of domestic and foreign retail chains. Reach of satellite T.V. channels is helping in creating awareness about global products for local markets. About 47% of Indias population is under the age of 20; and this will increase to 55% by 2015. This young population, which is technology-savvy, watch more than 50 TV satellite channels, and display the highest propensity to spend, will immensely contribute to the growth of the retail sector in the country. As India continues to get strongly integrated with the world economy riding the waves of globalization, the retail sector is bound to take big leaps in the years to come.
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The Indian retail sector is estimated to have a market size of about $ 180 billion; but the organized sector represents only 2% share of this market. Most of the organized retailing in the country has just started recently, and has been concentrated mainly in the metro cities. India is the last large Asian economy to liberalize its retail sector. In Thailand, more than 40% of all consumer goods are sold through the super markets and departmental stores. A similar phenomenon has swept through all other Asian countries. Organized retailing in India has a huge scope because of the vast market and the growing consciousness of the consumer about product quality and services. A study conducted by Fitch, expects the organized retail industry to continue to grow rapidly, especially through increased levels of penetration in larger towns and metros and also as it begins to spread to smaller cities and B class towns. Fuelling this growth is the growth in development of the retail-specific properties and malls. According to the estimates available with Fitch, close to 25mn sq. ft. of retail space is being developed and will be available for occupation over the next 36-48 months. Fitch expects organized retail to capture 15%-20% market share by 2010. A McKinsey report on India says organized retailing would increase the efficiency and productivity of entire gamut of economic activities, and would help in achieving higher GDP growth. At 6%, the share of employment of retail in India is low, even when compared to Brazil (14%), and Poland (12%).

Malls in India
Over the last 2-3 years, the Indian consumer market has seen a significant growth in the number of modern-day shopping centers, popularly known as malls. There is an increased demand for quality retail space from a varied segment of large-format retailers and brands, which include food and apparel chains, consumer durables and multiplex operators. Shopping-centre development has attracted real-estate developers and corporate houses across cities in India. As a result, from just 3 malls in 2000, India is all set to have over 220 malls by 2005. Today, the expected demand for quality retail space in 2006 is estimated to be around 40 million square feet. While previously it was the large, organized retailers with their modern, up-market outlets, and direct consumer interface- who had been a key factor driving the growth of organized retail in the country, now it is the malls which are playing the role. Factors such as availability of physical space, population densities, city planning, and socio-economic parameters have driven the Indian market to evolve, to a certain extent, its own definition of a mall. For example, while a mall in USA is 400,000 to 1 million sq.ft. in size, an Indian version can be anywhere between 80,000 sq.ft. and 500,000 sq.ft. By 2005, total mall space in the 6 cities of Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad,
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Chennai, Kolkata, and National Capital Region (Delhi, Noida, Gurgaon) is expected to increase to over 21.1 million sq. ft. Compared to other big cities, Kolkata and Hyderabad are relatively new entrants in the mall segment, but are witnessing quick growth. Smaller cities like Pune, Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Ludhiana, Jaipur, Chandigarh and Indore, are also expected to see a formidable growth in the growth of malls in the near future. But malls in India need to have a clear positioning through the development of differential product assortment and differential pricing, in order to compete effectively in a growing mall market. Segmentation in malls, like up-market malls, midmarket malls, etc., proper planning, correct identification of needs, quality products at lower prices, the right store mix, and the right timing, would Ensure the success of the mall revolution in India.

Challenges of Retailing in India

Retailing as an industry in India has still a long way to go. To become a truly flourishing industry, retailing needs to cross the following hurdles: Automatic approval is not allowed for foreign investment in retail. Regulations restricting real estate purchases, and cumbersome local laws. Taxation, which favors small retail businesses. Absence of developed supply chain and integrated IT management. Lack of trained work force. Low skill level for retailing management. Intrinsic complexity of retailing rapid price changes, constant threat of product obsolescence and low margins. The retailers in India have to learn both the art and science of retailing by closely following: How retailers in other parts of the world are organizing, managing, and coping up with new challenges in an ever-changing marketplace. Indian retailers must use innovative retail formats to enhance shopping experience, and try to understand the regional variations in consumer attitudes to retailing. Retail marketing efforts have to improve in the country - advertising, promotions, and campaigns to attract customers; building loyalty by identifying regular shoppers and offering benefits to them; efficiently managing high-value customers; and monitoring customer needs constantly, are some of the aspects which Indian retailers need to focus upon on a more pro-active basis. Despite the presence of the basic ingredients required for growth of the retail industry in
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India, it still faces substantial hurdles that will retard and inhibit its growth in the future. One of the key impediments is the lack of FDI status. This has largely limited capital investments in supply chain infrastructure, which is a key for development and growth of food retailing and has also constrained access to world-class retail practices. Multiplicity and complexity of taxes, lack of proper infrastructure and relatively high cost of real estate are the other impediments to the growth of retailing. While the industry and the government are trying to remove many of these hurdles, some of the roadblocks will remain and will continue to affect the smooth growth of this industry. Fitch believes that while the market share of organised retail will grow and become significant in the next decade, this growth would, however, not be at the same rapid pace as in other emerging markets. Organised retailing in India is gaining wider acceptance. The development of the organised retail sector, during the last decade, has begun to change the face of retailing, especially, in the major metros of the country. Experiences in the developed and developing countries prove that performance of organised retail is strongly linked to the performance of the economy as a whole. This is mainly on account of the reach and penetration of this business and its scientific approach in dealing with customers and their needs. In spite of the positive prospects of this industry, Indian retailing faces some major hurdles (see Table 1), which have stymied its growth. Early signs of organized retail were visible even in the 1970s when Nilgiris (food), Viveks (consumer durables) and Nallis (sarees) started their operations. However, as a result of the roadblocks (mentioned in Table 1), the industry remained in a rudimentary stage. While these retailers gave the necessary ambience to customers, little effort was made to introduce world-class customer care practices and improve operating efficiencies. Moreover, most of these modern developments were restricted to south India, which is still regarded as a Mecca of Indian Retail.

WESTSIDE
In 1998 Tata sold of their 50% stake in the cosmetic products company Lakm to HLL for Rs 200 Crore (approx. 45 million US$), and created Trent from the money it made through the sale. All shareholders of Lakm were given different shares in Trent. Simone Tata, the chairperson of Lakm, went on to head Trent. The reason behind the sale was that Simone Tata saw a greater growth potential in retail, and believed that it would be much more difficult for an Indian company to release new cosmetic products in a market that had opened up to global companies.

The Westside stores have numerous departments to meet the varied shopping needs of customers. These include Menswear, Womens wear, Kids wear, Footwear, Cosmetics, Perfumes and Handbags, Household Accessories, lingerie, and Gifts. The company has already established 49 Westside departmental stores (measuring 15,000 - 30,000 square feet each) in Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Gurgaon, Ghaziabad & Noida (to be considered as 1 city), Hubli, Hyderabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Lucknow, Mangalore, Mumbai, Mysore, Nagpur, Nashik, Pune, Raipur, Rajkot, Surat, Vadodara and Jammu. The company hopes to expand rapidly with similar format stores that offer a fine balance between style and price retailing. Trent ventured into the hypermarket business in 2004 with Star Bazaar, providing an ample assortment of products made available at the lowest prices, aptly exemplifying its Helping you spend less motto. At present Star Bazaar has 7 stores in 5 cities located in Ahmedabad, Chennai, Mumbai, Pune and Bengaluru.

This store offers customers an eclectic array of products that include staple foods, beverages, health and beauty products, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, consumer electronics and household items at the most affordable prices. Star Bazaar also includes a largerange of fashionable inhouse garments for men, women and children, exclusively available at the store. In addition, Trent acquired a 76% stake in Landmark, one of the largest books & music retail chains in the country. Landmark began operations in 1987 with its first store in Chennai with a floor space of 5500 sq. ft.

At present Landmark have 14 big stores , 7 hotel bookstores and 6 Airport stores, varying in size from 12,000 sq. ft. to 45,000 sq. ft in Chennai, Bengaluru, Gurgaon, Mumbai, Vadodara, Gurgaon, Pune, Lucknow, Ahmedabad and Hyderabad. Until 1996, Landmarks product portfolio comprised books, stationery, and greeting cards. It was later that music was added to it. Landmark also sparked the trend of stocking curios, toys and other gift items. What separates Landmark from other stores of its kind is the range and depth of its stock.

GLOBUS

HISTORY Launched in January 1998, Globus is part of the Rajan Raheja group. The company opened its first store at Indore in 1999, followed by the launch of its second store in Chennai (T-Nagar). Soon to follow was another store in Chennai located in Adyar. The flagship store in Mumbai opened on 1st November 2001 followed by a swanky new outlet in New Delhi in South Extension Part-2. The sixth & seventh stores opened in Bangalore in Koramangala & Richmond Road respectively. The eighth store opened in Ghaziabad at Shipra Mall and was followed by the ninth at Kalaghoda in Mumbai; tenth in Thane and eleventh in Ghaziabad. The twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth stores opened in Kanpur, Ahmedabad and Lucknow respectively. Recently Globus has opened its Store in Indore, Aurangabad and the journey continues...

INFRASTRUCTURE Globus Stores Pvt. Ltd. was formed to contribute to the revolution sweeping the Indian retail industry. Globus promises to bring about a perceptible change in the way apparel and lifestyle retailing is carried out. Towards this end, we have brought in modern international technology and made heavy investments in investing and acquiring the best, tried and tested processes and procedures of operation.

FUTURE Globus combines state-of-the-art international information technology, the highest quality of human resources and sustained financial commitment to realize its long term vision. We are rapidly expanding and our target is to have an additional 100 fashion stores by the end of 2017.

BRANDS Globus is on a mission to revolutionize fashion and become an iconic youth fashion brand in India. We aim at creating a deep connection with the Indian youth with inspiring product designs, signature store experiences and compelling marketing.

Globus will undoubtedly bring unique fashion products; spawn haute trends and provide powerful inspiration to its young customers to experiment further and make individual style statements. Energized by this mission, a dynamic team of passionate employees and business partners is constantly evolving and innovating with a view to delight the consumer.

GLOBUS BRANDS

Youth Fashion Brand The spirit of the youth can be captured with three words - vibrant, maverick and expressive. Globus is exactly that. Our vibrant and maverick designs are not just creating fashion trends, but more importantly, helping our customers express themselves. The entire fashion range comprises of apparel for men, women, kids as well as accessories at amazing prices. The range spans across occasions: work wear, campus wear, club and lounge dressing; and genres: Western, Indian and mix-n-match. Well researched sizing ensures a good fit for the Indian silhouettes. Eye candy fashion F21 is an accessible hi-fashion brand, offering high-quality apparel. F21 - the edgy fashion brand - is designed to appeal to the more experimental and adventurous consumers who seek cutting edge fashion. Styling and fabric innovations help F21 offer high end fashion at prices which are affordable to young consumers. From casual wear to club wear, F21 promises consumers attention unlimited. THE GLOBUS DESIGN HUB The heart of our business lies in the creative workplace of our organization: Globus Design Hub. It has been recently launched in July'07 in Andheri, Mumbai and is in the nascent stages of becoming the leading design talent floor. It is the most well-equipped design studio in India in current times

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pantaloon

As Indias leading retailer, Pantaloon Retail inspires trust through innovative offerings, quality products and affordable prices that help customers achieve a better quality of life every day. We serve customers in 85 cities and 60 rural locations across the country through over 15 million square feet of retail space. Pantaloon Retail is the flagship company of Future Group, Indias retail pioneer catering to the entire Indian consumption space. Through multiple retail formats, we connect a diverse and passionate community of Indian buyers, sellers and businesses. The collective impact on business is staggering: Around 220 million customers walk into our stores each year and choose products and services supplied by over 30,000 small, medium and large entrepreneurs and manufacturers from across India. This number is set to grow. We operate multiple retail formats in both the value and lifestyle segments of the Indian consumer market including:

Pantaloons - a chain of fashion outlets.

Big Bazaar - a uniquely Indian hypermarket chain.

HomeTown - One-stop destination for every need of the aspirational Indian home-owner.

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Finacial Comparision of globus and pentallons with Westside

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