Human Resource is the most valuable resource in any organisation.

Hence, organizations have a responsibility to ensure Health and Safety in organizations. Select a company and :

identify the systems implemented to overcome those issues explain the health and safety problems affect the profitability of organizations recommendations 1500 - words Cargo and Container Handling Co. Ltd was earlier located in Colombo, in close proximity to the port. With the relocation of such projects out of Colombo City the container yard along with all its technical operations was relocated in Hendala. At the initial stages of relocation a settling in allowance was paid and a traveling allowance was paid to the employees only for three months. But the traveling arrangements in respect of the Executives were continued. The new container yard is around 10 acres in extend and was macadamized since it was a new location, all the buildings and hangers were constructed new. This is the picture at the initial stages of relocation of the yard. Since 1950, the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have shared a common definition of occupational health. It was adopted by the Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health at its first session in 1950 and revised at its twelfth session in 1995. The definition reads: "Occupational health should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job". Occupational health psychology (OHP), a related discipline, is a relatively new field that combines elements of occupational health and safety, industrial/organizational psychology, and health psychology.[2] The field is concerned with identifying workrelated psychosocial factors that adversely affect the health of people who work. OHP is also concerned with developing ways to effect change in workplaces for the purpose of improving the health of people who work. For more detail on OHP, see the section on occupational health psychology. The event of an incident at work (such as legal fees, fines, compensatory damages, investigation time, lost production, lost goodwill from the workforce, from customers and from the wider community).

Legal - Occupational requirements may be reinforced in civil law and/or criminal law; it is accepted that without the extra "encouragement" of potential regulatory action or litigation, many organizations would not act upon their implied moral obligations.

They recognize hazards and measure health and safety risks, set suitable safety controls in place, and give recommendations on avoiding accidents to management and employees in an organization. An effective training program can reduce the number of injuries and deaths, property damage, legal liability, illnesses, workers' compensation claims, and missed time from work. A safety training program can also help a trainer keep the required OSHAmandated safety training courses organized and up-to-date. Safety training classes help establish a safety culture in which employees themselves help promote proper safety procedures while on the job. It is important that new employees be properly trained and embraces the importance of workplace safety as it is easy for seasoned workers to negatively influence the new hires. That negative influence however, can be purged with the establishment of new, hands-on, innovative effective safety training which will ultimately lead to an effective safety culture. A 1998 NIOSH study concluded that the role of training in developing and maintaining effective hazard control activities is a proven and successful method of intervention. Work - means work as an employee or self-employed person. Premises - means any place including an outdoor place. Occupational health and safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields. In its broadest sense, it should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; The placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to physical and mental needs; the adaptation of work to humans. Poor working conditions can cause occupational diseases and this can be an internal issue to be looked in to; Poor working conditions affect worker health and safety Poor working conditions of any type have the potential to affect a worker's health and safety. Unhealthy or unsafe working conditions are not limited to factories they can be found anywhere, whether the workplace is indoors or outdoors. For many

workers, such as agricultural workers or miners, the workplace is outdoors and can pose many health and safety hazards. Poor working conditions can also affect the environment workers live in, since the working and living environments are the same for many workers.

This means that occupational hazards can have harmful effects on workers, their families, and other people in the community, as well as on the physical environment around the workplace. A classic example is the use of pesticides in agricultural work. Workers can be exposed to toxic chemicals in a number of ways when spraying pesticides: they can inhale the chemicals during and after spraying, the chemicals can be absorbed through the skin, and the workers can ingest the chemicals if they eat, drink, or smoke without first washing their hands, or if drinking water has become contaminated with the chemicals. The workers' families can also be exposed in a number of ways: they can inhale the pesticides which may linger in the air, they can drink contaminated water, or they can be exposed to residues which may be on the worker's clothes. Other people in the community can all be exposed in the same ways as well. When the chemicals get absorbed into the soil or leach into groundwater supplies, the adverse effects on the natural environment can be permanent. Overall, efforts in occupational health and safety must aim to prevent industrial accidents and diseases, and at the same time recognize the connection between worker health and safety, the workplace, and the environment outside the workplace. A comprehensive health and safety training programme in each workplace will, among other more obvious benefits, help workers to recognize any early signs/symptoms of potential occupational diseases before they become permanent conditions, to assess their work environment, and to insist that management make changes before hazardous conditions can develop. As health and safety representative your role is to work proactively (this means taking action before hazards become a problem) to prevent workers from being exposed to occupational hazards. You can do this by making sure management eliminates hazards or keeps them under control when they cannot be eliminated. Steps to help you reach your goals are: 1. Be well informed about the various hazards in your workplace and the possible solutions for controlling those hazards. 2. Work together with your union and the employer to identify and control hazards. 3. Although these Modules have been developed for the protection of workers, Workers in every occupation can be faced with a multitude of hazards in the workplace. Occupational health and safety addresses the broad range of workplace hazards from accident prevention to the more insidious hazards including toxic fumes, dust, noise, heat, stress, etc. Preventing work-related diseases and accidents must be the goal of

occupational health and safety programmes, rather than attempting to solve problems after they have already developed.

As a leading employer, particularly when you consider a total compensation package. An organization should offer a variety of benefits: As I have planned the below mentioned can be applied to any kind of an employment; A competitive salary Full commitment to a safe and healthy workplace Excellent medical, dental, and pension benefits for you and your family, including: Dental and health care plans, with coverage for prescription drugs, vision care, paramedical practitioners, hospitalization, and much more A competitive pension plan A death benefit Disability insurance Flexible vacation and numerous types of leave: All permanent employees begin with three weeks of paid annual vacation leave Leave of absence: Whether it's for personal growth, self-care, or family care, the CFIA gives employees the opportunity to take planned leaves of absence Maternity and parental leave, including allowances which, in conjunction with EI parental benefits, amount to 93% of the employee's weekly rate of pay Flexible working arrangements such as flexible start and end times, leave with income averaging, pre-retirement transition leave and self-funded leave Opportunities for diversified work Access to modern technology Employee reward and recognition programs Numerous opportunities for career advancement, including a wide range of learning and career development opportunities

Employee Assistance Program (EAP): A voluntary, free, confidential counseling service for all CFIA employees and retirees, their spouses, and their dependants. This is the place to get short-term counseling about career concerns, marital strife, family issues, single parenting, alcohol or drug abuse, gambling, domestic violence, esteem issues, stress and much more. For all of the reasons given above, it is crucial that employers, workers and unions are committed to health and safety and that:

workplace hazards are controlled - at the source whenever possible; records of any exposure are maintained for many years;

both workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the workplace; there is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both workers and management; worker health and safety efforts are ongoing.

Effective workplace health and safety programmes can help to save the lives of workers by reducing hazards and their consequences. Health and safety programmes also have positive effects on both worker morale and productivity, which are important benefits. At the same time, effective programmes can save employers a great deal of money. Workers do not create hazards - in many cases the hazards are built into the workplace. The trade union position on occupational health and safety is to ensure that work is made safer by modifying the workplace and any unsafe work processes. This means that the solution is to remove the hazards, not to try to get workers to adapt to unsafe conditions. Requiring workers to wear protective clothing which may not be suited or designed for the climate of your region is an example of forcing workers to try to adapt themselves to unsafe conditions, which is also shifting the responsibility from management to the worker. It is important for unions to maintain this position because many employers blame workers when there is an accident, claiming that the workers were careless. This attitude implies that work can be made safer if workers change their behavior or if employers only hire workers who never make mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes it is human nature, but workers should not pay for mistakes with their lives. Accidents do not stop simply by making workers more safety conscious. Safety awareness may help but it does not remove unsafe work processes or conditions. The most effective accident and disease prevention begins when work processes are still in the design stage, when safe conditions can be built into the work process. Now that trainees have begun to consider the possible hazards in different workplaces, ask them to consider and discuss the hazards in their own workplaces. Trainees should answer the following questions about their own workplaces. (1) Describe the job you do. (2) What hazards do you know exist in you workplace? (3) Are there other conditions at work that you suspect may be hazardous but you are not sure about? Being a health and safety representative is not always easy, but helping to protect the lives of your fellow workers is worth all the time and effort you put into the job.