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Acknowledgments: Beckman
Simple Design Polyimide Outer-Coated Capillary Outer 20-150m i.d. 375m o.d. Capillary 20- 150 375 Applied Voltage, 0-30kV 0 Detection On-Line Through Capillary On No Pump
Animation
http://www.shsu.edu/%7Echm_tgc/sounds/pushmovies/CE.gif
CE/Mass Spectrometry
Co-axial
pressure
Sample Injection
bulk movement by pressure
vacuum
electrokinetic
+ -
Electrophoretic Mobility
q 6r
q - charge (fixed for strong acids and bases pH dependant for weak acid and bases) 6r - effective ionic volume (N.B. complexation and counterion) - viscosity
Electroosmotic Flow
S - Stern layer (strongly bound) D - Diffuse layer (moves)
Electroosmotic Flow
Pressure (HPLC)
Laminar flow
CAPILLARY WALL
Electroosmotic flow
The gradient of charge from the capillary wall is known as the potential
Plug flow
Mobility
Mass spectometric
START
MECHANISM OF SEPARATION
-------------------------------------------------------+A +A
+
+A +A -------------------------------------------------------+A = POSITIVELY CHARGED ANALYTE - - - - = NEUTRAL COATING
= CYCLODEXTRIN
Example of Naproxen
1:10 Mixture of R and S Naproxen
90.1 %
1 1
9.9 %
Data from Andras Guttman
10
11
Gels serve as a molecular sieve for size based separation Biopolymers are run under denaturing conditions Plot of log M.W. vs. migration time(or mobility) shows a linear relationship Generally use electrokinetic injections to protect the gel against extrusion
Time (minutes)