149

Job No.

Sheet
1
of
6
Rev
B
Job Title
ECSC Stainless Steel Valorisation Project
Subject
Design Example 7 Shear resistance of plate girder
Made by
AO
Date
June 2002
Checked by
AT
Date
Oct 2002

Department of Civil and Mining Engineering
Division of Steel Structures, University
Campus, SE-971 87 Lule, Sweden
Tel: +46 920 91 000
Fax: +46 920 91 913
CALCULATION SHEET
Client

ECSC
Revised by
MEB
Date
April 2006
DESIGN EXAMPLE 7 SHEAR RESISTANCE OF PLATE GIRDER
Design a plate girder with respect to shear resistance. The girder is a simply supported
I-section with a span according to the figure below. The top flange is laterally restrained.




Use material grade 1.4462, hot rolled.
f
y
= 460 N/mm
2

E = 200 000 N/mm
2


Try a cross section with
Flanges: 12 200 mm
2

Web: 4 500 mm
2

Stiffeners: 12 98 mm
2

Weld throat thickness: 4 mm
Table 3.1
Section 3.2.4

Structural analysis
Maximum shear and bending moment are obtained as
220
2
440
2
Ed
Ed
= = =
F
V kN
275
4
5 , 2 440
4
Ed
Ed
=

= =
L F
M kNm


Partial safety factors

M0
= 1,1

M1
= 1,1

Table 2.1
Classification of the cross-section Section 4.3
= 698 , 0
210
200
460
235
=

Table 4.2


F Ed = 440 kN
1250 1250
bf
hw


150
Job No.

Sheet
2
of
6
Rev
B
Job Title
ECSC Stainless Steel Valorisation Project
Subject
Design Example 7 Shear resistance of plate girder
Made by
AO
Date
June 2002
Checked by
AT
Date
Oct 2002

Department of Civil and Mining Engineering
Division of Steel Structures, University
Campus, SE-971 87 Lule, Sweden
Tel: +46 920 91 000
Fax: +46 920 91 913
CALCULATION SHEET
Client

ECSC
Revised by
MEB
Date
April 2006
Web, subject to bending
t
c
= 8 , 74 175
698 , 0 4
4 2 2 500
> =

, therefore the web is Class 4.
Table 4.2
Flange, subject to compression
t
c
= 0 , 11 0 , 11
698 , 0 12 2
4 2 2 4 200
=


, therefore the compression flange is Class 3.
Table 4.2
Thus, overall classification of cross-section is Class 4.

Shear resistance Section 5.4.3
The shear buckling resistance requires checking when

k t h
23
/
w w
for vertically
stiffened webs.

a/h
w
= 1250/500 > 1, hence
k

= 98 , 5
1250
500
4 34 , 5 4 34 , 5
2 2
w
= |
.
|

\
|
+ = |
.
|

\
|
+
a
h


Eq. 5.16a
EN 1993-1-4 recommended value for 2 , 1 = Section 5.4.3
h
w
/t
w
= 7 , 32 98 , 5 698 , 0
2 , 1
23
125
4
500
= =

Therefore the shear buckling resistance has to be checked. It is obtained as
V
b,Rd
= V
bw,Rd
+ V
bf,Rd
47 , 579
1 , 1 3
4 500 460 2 , 1
3
M1
w w yw
=

t h f
kN
Eq. 5.12a
V
bw,Rd
=
M1
w w yw w
3
t h f


Eq. 5.12b

w
= 2 , 1 = for 5 , 0 60 , 0
w
=
Eq. 5.13a

w
=
2
w w
05 , 0 64 , 0
11 , 0

+ for 5 , 0 60 , 0
w
= >

Eq. 5.13b
w
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

k t
h
w
w
4 , 37


Eq. 5.15
w
= 5 , 0 60 , 0 958 , 1
98 , 5 698 , 0 4 4 , 37
500
= > =
|
|
.
|

\
|


Hence the contribution from the web is obtained as:

w
= 424 , 0
958 , 1
05 , 0
958 , 1
64 , 0
11 , 0
2
= +




151
Job No.

Sheet
3
of
6
Rev
B
Job Title
ECSC Stainless Steel Valorisation Project
Subject
Design Example 7 Shear resistance of plate girder
Made by
AO
Date
June 2002
Checked by
AT
Date
Oct 2002

Department of Civil and Mining Engineering
Division of Steel Structures, University
Campus, SE-971 87 Lule, Sweden
Tel: +46 920 91 000
Fax: +46 920 91 913
CALCULATION SHEET
Client

ECSC
Revised by
MEB
Date
April 2006
V
bw,Rd
=
1 , 1 3
4 500 460 424 , 0
3
M1
w w yw w

t h f
= 204,74 kN

The contribution from the flanges may be utilised if the flanges are not fully utilised in
withstanding the bending moment. The bending resistance of a cross section consisting of
the flanges only is obtained as
Section 5.4.3
M
f,Rd
= 86 , 513 ) 12 500 (
1 , 1
460
200 12 = + kNm
M
f,Rd
> M
Ed
= 275 kNm, therefore the flanges can contribute to the shear buckling
resistance.


V
bf,Rd
=
(
(

(
(

2
Rd f,
Ed
1
yf
2
f f
1
M
M
c
f t b
M

Eq. 5.17
c =
(
(

+
yw
2
w w
yf
2
f f
5 , 3
17 , 0
f h t
f t b
a but 65 , 0
a
c



= 338
460 500 4
460 12 200 5 , 3
17 , 0 1250
2
2
=
(
(

+ mm < 812 1250 65 . 0 = mm

V
bf,Rd
= 43 , 25
86 , 513
275
1
1 , 1 338
460 12 200
2
2
=
(
(

kN

V
b,Rd
= V
bw,Rd
+ V
bf,Rd
= 230,17 kN 47 , 579 kN

Transverse stiffeners Section 5.4.5
The transverse stiffeners have to be checked for crushing and flexural buckling using
= 0,49,
0
= 0,2. An effective cross section consisting of the stiffeners and parts of
the web is then used. The part of the web included is
w
t 11 wide, therefore the cross
section of the transverse stiffener is Class 3.


2 5 , 2 500 / 1250 /
w
= = h a , hence the second moment of area of the intermediate
stiffener has to fulfil
Eq. 5.37
24000 4 500 75 , 0 75 , 0
3 3
w w st
= = t h I mm
4

Eq. 5.37
I
st
=
6
3 3
10 00 , 8
12
200 12
12
4 ) 4 698 , 0 11 (
2 =

+

mm
4
, hence fulfilled.



The crushing resistance is obtained as
N
c,Rd
= A
s
f
y
/
M0
Eq. 4.25
A
s
= 42 , 2461 ) 2 4 698 , 0 11 200 12 ( = + mm
2



152
Job No.

Sheet
4
of
6
Rev
B
Job Title
ECSC Stainless Steel Valorisation Project
Subject
Design Example 7 Shear resistance of plate girder
Made by
AO
Date
June 2002
Checked by
AT
Date
Oct 2002

Department of Civil and Mining Engineering
Division of Steel Structures, University
Campus, SE-971 87 Lule, Sweden
Tel: +46 920 91 000
Fax: +46 920 91 913
CALCULATION SHEET
Client

ECSC
Revised by
MEB
Date
April 2006
N
c,Rd
= 32 , 1029 1 , 1 / 460 42 , 2461 = kN
The flexural buckling resistance is obtained as
N
b,Rd
= A
s
f
y
/
M1
Eq. 5.2a
=
| |
1
1
5 , 0
2 2

+


Eq. 5.3
= ( ) ( )
2
0
1 5 , 0 + +
Eq. 5.4
=
E
f
i
L
yw
cr
1

Eq. 5.5a
L
cr
= 0,75h
w
= 0,75 500 = 375 mm Section 5.4.5
= 100 , 0
200000
1 460 1
42 , 2461
10 8
375
6
=

= ( ) ( ) 481 , 0 100 , 0 2 , 0 100 , 0 49 , 0 1 5 , 0
2
= + +

=
| |
0 , 1 1 05 , 1
100 , 0 481 , 0 481 , 0
1
5 , 0
2 2
= > =
+


Since N
b,Rd
= N
c,Rd
> N
Ed
, the transverse stiffeners are sufficient.

Interaction shear and bending
If the utilization of shear resistance, expressed as the factor
3
, exceeds 0,5, the
combined effect of bending and shear has to be checked.
Section 5.4.3
3
= 0 , 1
Rd bw,
Ed

V
V


Eq. 5.23
3
= 5 , 0 075 , 1
204,74
220
> = , therefore interaction has to be considered.

The condition is
( ) 0 , 1 1 2 1
2
3
Rd pl,
Rd f,
1

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
M
M
for
Rd pl,
Rd f,
1
M
M


Eq. 5.21
Where:
1
=
Rd pl,
Ed
M
M

Eq. 5.22


153
Job No.

Sheet
5
of
6
Rev
B
Job Title
ECSC Stainless Steel Valorisation Project
Subject
Design Example 7 Shear resistance of plate girder
Made by
AO
Date
June 2002
Checked by
AT
Date
Oct 2002

Department of Civil and Mining Engineering
Division of Steel Structures, University
Campus, SE-971 87 Lule, Sweden
Tel: +46 920 91 000
Fax: +46 920 91 913
CALCULATION SHEET
Client

ECSC
Revised by
MEB
Date
April 2006

Calculation of effective cross-section properties.
The flanges are Class 3 and hence fully effective.
The depth of the web has to be reduced with the reduction factor , welded web.
= 1
125 , 0 772 , 0
2

p
p

Eq. 4.1a
p
=

k
t b
4 , 28
/
where b = d = 68 , 488 2 4 2 500 = mm

Eq. 4.2
Assuming linearly varying, symmetric stress distribution within the web,
=
1
2

= 1

k

= 23,9 Table 4.3

p
= 26 , 1
9 , 23 698 , 0 4 , 28
4 / 68 , 488
=



= 1 534 , 0
26 , 1
125 , 0
26 , 1
772 , 0
2
=

b
eff
= b
c
= b / (1-) = 48 , 130 )) 1 ( 1 /( 68 , 488 534 , 0 = Table 4.3
b
e1
= 0,4b
eff
= 19 , 52 48 , 130 4 , 0 = mm
b
e2
= 0,6b
eff
= 29 , 78 48 , 130 6 , 0 = mm
Table 4.3

Calculate effective section modulus under bending.
e
i
is taken as positive from the centroid of the upper flange and downwards.


A
eff
= ( ) 92 , 6321 2 / 2
w w w e2 w 1 e f f
= + + + =

t h t b t b t b A
i
i
mm
2


e
eff
=

( ) ( ) | | ( ) ( ) |
f e1 w e1 f w f f f f
eff eff
5 , 0 0
1 1
t b t b t h t b t b
A
e A
A
i
i
i
+ + + + =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) |
f w w w e2 f w w e2
5 , 0 75 , 0 2 / 2 / 5 . 0 t h t h b t h t b + + + + = 266,44 mm

I
eff
=
( )
12
2 /
12 12 12
2 ) (
3
w w
3
e2 w
3
e1 w
3
f f 2
eff
h t b t b t t b
e e A I
i
i
i
i
i
+ + + = +



( ) ( ) | | ( ) | |
( ) | | ( ) ( ) | |
4 2
f w eff w w
2
2 e f w eff w e2
2
f e1 eff w e1
2
f w eff f f
2
eff f f
5 , 0 75 , 0 2 / 5 , 0
5 , 0 0
t h e t h b t h e t b
t b e t b t h e t b e t b
+ + + + +
+ + + + +

= 3,459 10
8
mm
4



154
Job No.

Sheet
6
of
6
Rev
B
Job Title
ECSC Stainless Steel Valorisation Project
Subject
Design Example 7 Shear resistance of plate girder
Made by
AO
Date
June 2002
Checked by
AT
Date
Oct 2002

Department of Civil and Mining Engineering
Division of Steel Structures, University
Campus, SE-971 87 Lule, Sweden
Tel: +46 920 91 000
Fax: +46 920 91 913
CALCULATION SHEET
Client

ECSC
Revised by
MEB
Date
April 2006

1
=
Rd pl,
Ed
M
M


M
f,Rd
= 513,86 kNm (Sheet 3)
M
pl,Rd
is the plastic resistance of the cross-section.
M
pl,Rd
= 40 , 618
10 1 , 1 4
460 500 4
86 , 513
4
6
2
M0
2
,
=


+ = +

y w w
Rd f
f h t
M kNm


Evaluate conditions
M
Ed
= 275 kNm, hence:
1
= 0 , 1 44 , 0
40 , 618
275
= OK
Eq. 5.22
1
fulfils its condition. Now it remains to check the interaction.
( ) ( ) ( ) 0 , 1 664 , 0 1 075 , 1 2
40 , 618
86 , 513
1 44 , 0 1 2 1
2
2
3
Rd pl,
Rd f,
1
< = |
.
|

\
|
+ =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
M
M


It therefore follows that under the conditions given, the resistance of the plate girder is
sufficient with respect to shear, bending as well as interaction between shear and bending.