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Technologue
March 2008
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Technologue
March 2008
These cases bring out the strength of our basic principle of being solution providers rather than just hardware suppliers. The Engineering inputs in these cases have been phenomenal and the benefits are due both to the product and the system engineering capabilities of Innovative. PCMU - Protection, Control and monitoring unit (PCMU) has now come of age and is gradually becoming a prominent optional feature of the FCMA soft starters. This micro-processor based unit provides touch screen display with fault protection and monitoring with data logging. Customers can now avail this option. Of course the hard wired logic option is fully available.
Technologue
March 2008
You can refer your large motor starting problems and power system related issues to us for a transparent and effective analysis and solution. We have experience on very large drive solutions. Contact: Technologue editor, Innovative Technomics Pvt. Ltd X-17, MIDC Bhosari Pune 411026 INDIA Email itpl_rd@rediffmail.com Phone 00 91 20 2712 13 66 Fax 00 91 20 2712 00 19
Techno-share Topic of the month Oscillating torque in Salient pole Synchronous motors
Synchronous motors used in the industry have two types of rotor construction; - Cylindrical pole and Salient pole. Both the constructions are designed for induction start using damper bars in the rotor with end connections. With three phase stator supply a rotating magnetic field (RMF) is created by the stator and the torque produced is primarily induction torque. However in salient pole machines an additional torque is produced due to the saliency of the rotor which is a reluctance torque. The reluctance torque will try to align the rotor poles with the RMF. In the acceleration zone the rotor speed is less than the RMF. The RMF will sweep the rotor poles at relative speed. The reluctance torque will be positive when the RMF is leading the rotor pole angular position and negative when the RMF is lagging the rotor pole angular position. Thus the reluctance torque will change sign in every rotor
revolution and the sign changes will be equal to the number of poles of the rotor.
RMF
The diagram of a 4 pole salient pole synchronous motor shows the three angular positions of the RMF with respect to one rotor pole. The Red position is aligned with the rotor geometrical axis and the oscillating torque is zero. The Black position indicates a lagging RMF and the oscillating torque is ve or retarding. The Blue position indicates a leading RMF and the oscillating torque is +ve. Thus for every pole sweep torque oscillation are created. The oscillating torque phenomenon is extremely important for mechanical design as it can create unwarranted Torsional oscillations. In general, harmonics increase the oscillating torques and their frequency spectrum. Thus harmonics should be avoided during starting and running of Synchronous machines. Similar oscillating torque is observed during synchronous starting of motors particularly in the low speed zone with high amplitudes.
Rotor pole Geometric center -90 +90 Single pole sweep
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