Fajar Secondary School Ans Key End of Year Exam 2005 Sec 3 Express Chemistry Section A 30 marks 1 2 3 4 5 B C B B/ D D 6 7 8 9 10 C C B D A 11 12 13 14 15 A C C A D 16 17 18 19 20 B D C B D 21 22 23 24 25 C D C C C 26 27 28 29 30 marks

s 1 (a) (b) It is the end line, which shows the distance moved by 1 the solvent Spot A 3/12 = 0.25 Spot B 9/12 = 0.75 Spot C 11/12 = 0.92 Three correct [2] Two correct [1] One correct [0] (c) 2 (a) (i) (ii) (b) (i) (ii) No, ink from the note contains 2 other spots which are 1 different from the felt pen. It means solid ammonium chloride turns into a vapour 1 without becoming a liquid. 1 The solid sublimes and condenses as a white solid on 1 the cooler parts of the test tube. 132 C Liquid and solid 2 correct [1] (iii) During freezing, heat energy lost by the liquid particles 1 is used to form force of attraction between them so 1 that they take up fixed and orderly arrangement. Diffusion takes place. 1 When the perfume vaporises, its gas particles move freely to fill up the available spaces between the air 1 particles / the perfume particles moves from a high concentration region to a low concentration region. 2 1 2 A D C C D total

Section B

(c)

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(a)

Movement cannot move, vibrate in fixed position 1 Arrangement packed close together in an orderly 1 arrangement On heating, the solid particles gain heat energy and vibrate faster. Eventually the solid particles have sufficient energy to overcome the forces holding them to become a liquid. The liquid particles are then slightly further apart (but still close packed) in a disorderly arrangement. They are able to move throughout the liquid. Q R U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Atoms of element(s) combined together by sharing 1 electrons Because P has a giant macromolecular structure 1 where the atoms are joined together by strong covalent bonds. The rest have simple molecular structure where the 1 molecules are held by weak intermolecular force of attraction. Sodium atom 11 11 12 Calcium ion 20 18 20 Chloride ion 37 17 18 (i) 1 13 p 14 n 1 1 1 2

(a)

(b)

(ii) 6

Y2O3 AC BA C F D D

1 1 1 1 1 4

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(a)

X-4 Y-6 Z-1 XH4 HY2 ZH

1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

Section C 8 (a)

(i)

Rb

Cl

(ii)

Cl

(b)

In solid rubidium chloride, the ions are held in fixed 1 position by strong ionic bond. A large amount of energy is required to break these strong forces of attraction to pull the ions apart. Rubidium chloride thus has a high melting point and boiling point and therefore is a solid at room temperature Hydrogen chloride has a simple molecular structure. The molecules are held together by weak 1 intermolecular force of attraction. A small amount of energy is required to break these weak forces of attraction to pull the molecules apart. Hydrogen chloride thus has a low boiling point and is therefore a gas at room temperature.

(c)

This element must be an isotope of rubidium as it has 1 same number of protons but different number of neutrons as rubidium. Isotopes have similar chemical properties and undergo 1 similar chemical reactions.

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(a)

(i)

Group I, because it is soft and has a silvery appearance it is extremely reactive with water and air 2Za + 2 H2O 2ZaOH + H2

1 1 1

2 3

(ii)

Obsn: 1 Zarium floats and melts on water/ flame seen 1 Zarium reduces in size The alkaline solution (ZaOH) turns Universal indicator blue. Any two observations (b) (i) (ii) Transition elements Form coloured compounds, e.g iron (II) chloride solution is pale green in colour / Has variable oxidation state, e.g iron has oxidation states of +2 and +3 1 1 1 2

(c)

When chlorine gas is bubbled into colourless 1 potassium iodide, it turns brown due to the formation of iodine / Cl2 + KI (aq) 2KCl + I2 This happens because chlorine, being more reactive, 1 displaces iodide from its aqueous solution. (i) Oxygen is a substance that is made up of only one 1 type of atoms (i.e oxygen atoms) Water is a substance that is made up of two type of 1 atoms (i.e oxygen and hydrogen atoms) chemically combined together. Air has no fixed composition of water vapour and 1 carbon dioxide, they varied from places to places. Water has a fixed composition of oxygen and 1 hydrogen, no matter where it is . Air can be separated into its components using 1 physical method such as fractionally distillation. Water cannot be separated into its components using 1 physical method. It can only be separated using chemical method such as electrolysis. C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l) Correct balancing [1] Correct state symbols [1] 2

10

(a)

(ii)

(iii)

(b)

(i)

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(ii)

3HNO2 (aq) HNO3 (aq) + 2NO (g) + H2O (l) Correct balancing [1] Correct state symbols [1]

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