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Tren tap hp so thc, khi so sanh hai so a va b th Trenra nhngptrthc,pkhioso sanh hai so a va b xay ra xay tap h so ng h na ?

mt trong ba trng hp:

So a bang so b, k hieu a = b.

So a nho hn so b, k hieu a < b.

So a ln hn so b, k hieu a > b.

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? Khi biu din hai s thc trn trc s (v theo ph- ng nm ngang) em c nhn xt g v v tr cc im biu din hai s ?

im biu din s nh hn bn tri im biu din s ln hn

2 -2 -1,3 0 3

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ien dau thch hp ( = , < , > ) vao o vuong :

<

a)1,53 b)-2,37 > -2,41

1,8

12 = c, 18

2 3
13 20

3 d, 5

<

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* So a khong nho hn so b

a=b a<b a>b

Noi gon la: a ln hn hoac bang b V du: Vi moi x ta co x2 0 Neu c la so khong am th c 0 * So a khong ln hn so b

a=b a<b a>b

Noi gon la: a nho hn hoac bang b V du: Vi moi x ta co - x2 0 Neu y khong ln hn 3 th y 3
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Bi 1. Dng mt trong cc du <, , >, th

hin cc cu ni sau:
Cu Ni dung -7 b hn 0,5 a S a b hn hoc bng 6 b
1 3

Vit k hiu

7 0,5

a6
1 1 3 2

ln hn 1
2

12 khng b hn s b d

12 b

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2. Bt ng thc:

Ta gi h thc dng a < b ( hay a > b, a b, a b ) l bt ng thc v a gi l v tri, b l v phi ca bt ng thc.

V d: Bat ang thc: 8 > -5 + b Ve trai la: Ve phai la: 8 -5 + b

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Bi 2: Trong cc h thc sau, h thc no khng phi l bt ng thc.

Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a2 + 5 5 4>a+1 x3=0 a + 10 < -5 y 3 1/6 a = 0,5 x2 + 3x 4 < 0 Ni dung p n

S S

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Cho biet bat ang thc bieu dien moi quan he gia (-4) va 2.

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

-4<2

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Khi cong 3 vao ca hai ve cua bat ang thc - 4 < 2, ta c bat ang thc nao ?

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

-4<2
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

-4+3<2+3

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2 a) Khi cong -3 vao ca hai ve cua bat ang thc -4 < 2

th c bat ang thc nao ?

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
- 4 + (-3) < 2 + (-3)

2 b) D oan ket qua: Khi cong so c vao ca hai ve cua

bat ang thc -4 < 2 th c bat ang thc nao ?

-4+c<2+c
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-4+3<2+3
Tnh chat: Vi 3 so a, b va c ta co:

-4<2

- 4 + (-3) < 2 + (-3)

-4+c<2+c - Neu a < b th a + c < b + c - Neu a b th a + c b + c Vi ba so a, b va c ta co: - Neu a > b th a + c > b + c Neu a < b th: a + c < b + c - Neu a b th a + c b + c Neu a b th: a + c b + c Khi cong cung mot so vao ca hai ve cua mot bat ang thc ta Neu a > b th: a + c > b + c c bat ang thc mi cung Neu a b th: a + c b + c
chieu vi bat ang thc a cho.

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Bit a < b => a + c < b + c Bit a + c < b + c

(tnh cht)

=> a + c + (-c) < b + c + (-c) => a < b

(tnh cht)

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So snh 2012 +(-3) v -5 +2012

GII: Cch 1 Ta c: 2012 + (-3) = 2009

-5 + 2012 = 2007 V 2009 > 2007 nn 2012 +(-3) > -5 +2012

Cch 2

V -3 > -5 => (-3) + 2012 > -5 +2012 (tnh cht lin h gia th t v php cng)
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Chng to: 5000 + (-24) > 4800 + (-24)

Giai: Ta co: 5000 > 4800 suy ra: 5000 + (-24) > 4800 + (-24)
(lin h gia th t v php cng)

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4 Da vao th t gia
hay so sanh
22

2 va 3,

va 5.

2 -2 -1,3
Gii:

Ta co:
23

Suy ra:
2 2 3 2

(lin h gia th t v php cng) Hay:

225

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Bi s 4: Mt bin bo giao thng vi nn trng, s 20 mu en, vin (xem hnh minh ho) cho bit vn tc ti a m cc phng tin giao thng c i trn qung ng c bin quy nh l 20km/h. Mt t i trn ng c vn tc l a (km/h) th a phi tho mn iu kin no trong cc iu kin sau:

a > 20

a 20

a < 20

a 20

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H thc c dng a< b ( hay a>b, a b, a b)

a b

ab

a b ac bc

a b ac bc

Bn t duy vi t kha Lin h gia th t v php cng

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Nam vng tnh chat lien he gia th t va phep cong ( di dang cong thc va phat bieu thanh li ), cho v du ap dung. Lam bai tap: 2, 3 sach giao khoa trang 37 Xem bi mi: Lin h gia th t v php nhn

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