SPM 2006 PHYSICS P3mflz Paper 2 &il

Section A [28 marks] Answer all questions.

fime:

t hour and 30 minutes

The time suggestedto snswer this section is 60 minutes. f A students carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship betweenthe length of air column, l, and the temperature, 0, for a fixed mass of air. The airls trapped by conientrated sulphuric acid in a capillary tube. Diagram 1.1 shows the thermometer and capillary tube tied on a metre rule. The sealedend of the capillary tube is placed at the zero mark on the scale of the mler.
Metre rule

illary tube
Thermometer

Concentrated sulphuric acid

Trapped air column

Diagram

1.1

The thermometer and capillary tube are placed into a beaker frlled with water. The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Diagram 1.2.
Thermometer Capillary tube Metre rule

Beaker Concentrated sulphuric acid

Water

Diagram 1.2

oC. The actual reading Ice cubes are put into the beaker until the temperature, fl reaches 0 of the length of the air column, l, is shown in Diagram 1--4on page 265. Then the beaker is heated until the temperature, fl reaches 20 "C. The actual corresponding reading of the length of the air column, l, is shown in Diagram 1.5 on page 265. The procedure of the heating process is repeated with temperatures, g : 30 qC, 40 qC, 50 oC, 60 qC and 70 oC. The actual corresponding readings of the lengths of the air column, l, are shown in Diagrams 1.6, L.7,1.8, 1.9 and 1.10 on page 265. (a) For the experiment described on page 261, identify: (il The manipulated variable

lI mark] (ii) The responding variable IL markT'-'

(iii) The constant variable IL markl (b) (i) Diagram 1.3 shows the meniscus of the concentrated sulphuric acid inside the capillary tube.
Concentrated sulphuric acid

:+-

Trapped air column

Diagretn 1.3 State the correct position of the eye while taking the reading of dhe length of the air column.
lL mark)

Concentrated sulphuric acid

Trapped air

Diagram 1.4 Air column length reading at 0 aC

Diagram 1.8 Air column length reading at 2O "C

Diagram 1.6 Air column length reading at B0 t

Diagrarn 1.7 Air column length reading at 40 oC

Diagram l.g Air column length reading at 50 qC

Diagram 1.9 Air column length reading at 60 "C

Diagram 1.10 Air column length reading at Z0 qC

(ii) Based on Diagra^',n,

Tabulate yo,r"

r.b, or air columnl u'J ;h";' /,

"urrlts

for e *a"iYfing the space e rn below.

l.g, r.g and 1.10 on pase eAK )^z^ gnnroa --e' determrne rengths *vvv ;;&?#'Ji:_t# temperaturl, e 265, the

1.6,

tu)on

the graph paper on page 26g, plota graph of / against g.

15 marksl [5 marks]

(d) Based on your gfaph, state the relationship betwee r and0. n

rnarkl eadings of t.
A student carries orrf q_ ^r_^_-: tl m.arkl

(a) Based on the gfaph in Diagram 2.1, determine the value of v when J = Show on the graph, 0.2 A. how you determine the value of V &) ohm,s Law statesfhor *1,^ -^r, to Basedon the statement below'

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tz marhsl

across a conductor isdirectry proporrionar ._

determine the range of the current that obeys show on the graph the ohm,s Law. how you determine the range of the current. [2 marks]

Graph of / against 0

Graph of V against I

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Diagram 2.1

(c) The gradient of the graph represents resistance. State how resistancevaries with current. ll markl (d) The electric powel I used by the bulb is gtven by the formula P = I2 m, where m is the gradient of the graph. (i) Calculate the gradient, m, when I = 0.2 A. Show on the graph how you determine m.

[4 rnarksl (ii) Calculate the value of P when the current I : 0.2 A.

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p:

12 marks)

(e) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the results of this experiment.

IL mark]

Section B lLZ marks) Answer any on.e question from this section. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes. 3 Diagram 3.1 shows two wooden tops. One of the tops is partly coated with tin. Both tops are the same size and are rotated with the same velocity. Diagram 3.2 shows the top which is partly coated with tin able to spin longer.

Diagram 3,1

Diagram

3.2

Based on the above information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference. &) State one suitable hypothesis.

IL markT lL mark

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a hacksaw blade, plasticine and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). your deseription, state clearly the following: Aim of the experiment. Variables in the experiment. List of apparatus and materials. Arrangement of the apparatus. The procedure of the experiment which include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable. (vi) The way you would tabulate the data. (vii) The way you would analyse the data. In (i) (ii) (iiil (iv) (v)

LlD marksl

Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 show two taps releasing droplets of water into large containers The number of droplets which fall per second in Diagram 4.1 is more compared to the number of droplets in Diagram 4.2. The cross-section of the water waves formed from the droplets in the containers are shown in the diagrams.

Tap

Tap

0
O-Water droplets

O-Wuter

droplets

wave

Diagram

4.1

Diagram 4.2 IL markl IL markT

Based on the information and observation above: (a) State one suitable inference. (b) State one suitable hypothesis.

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a ripple tank, a vibration motor with adjustable frequency and other app""Ltos, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). your description, state clearly the following: Aim of the experiment. Variables in the experiment. List of apparatus and materials. Arrangement of the apparatus. The procedureof the experiment which inelude the method of controlling the manipulatr *.variable and the method of measuring the responding variable. (vi) The way you would tabulate the data. (vii) The way you would analyse the data. [L0 rnarks] In (i) (iil (iii) (iv) (v)

Paper 3

(a) (il Temperature

(ii) (iii) The length of the column of air. The length of the column of concentrated sulphuric acid. The eye must be at a position level with the top of the trapped air column. Temperatures

ft) (il
(ii)

0 (T)
0 20 30 40 50 60 70
(' c) ,, ucm

Length of air column, J (cm) 7.7

7.6 7.9
8.1

8.4
8.7

9.0

, :." r":iuvrlo $lnmgruh ilith Od ii,:u,diuli,mffi fu rir column should be taken meniscus of the air column inrm rffh@dhc error. rilrm md Xreft !ur

(iv)

Arrangement

of aPParatus:

s 'T
tilf G-ciamp
Hacksaw Plasticine

s.2 ,.tn
LA 2.4 2.O 1.6 t.2 0.8

0.4

0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.t6 0.20 0.24 (b) Ohm's law is obeyed from.I : 0 to -I = 0.1 A. (c) Resistance increases with the increase in current. 1'6 (d)(i) m 0.076 x 10 = 2I.'l' n'L (ii) p = (I)zm p = (0.2)2xZI.L P = 0.84 (e) The zero error should be corrected by turning the zero error adjustment knob until the pointer reads exactly'O' on the ammeter. Section B
g:

] : IIA

Procedure: One end of a hacksaw blade is clamped to the leg of a table with the aid of a G-clamp. A2O g plasticine ball is placed blade. The on the tree end ofthe haclcsaw freeend of the hacksawblade is displaced horizontally and released to oscillate it' The time for 20 oscillations is rneasured using a stopwatch. This step is repeated. The average period of oscillation is then calculated (/ro). The period of oscillation is determined by using the relation T = tro.The procedure is repeated using plasticine balls of mass 40 g, 60 g, 80 g and 100 g. A graPh of T2 against m is plotted. (v) Tbbulation of data: Mass of plasticine m.(g) Period of fime for 20 oscillation oscillations, t2o(s)
T

Ta(s?l

tr

t2

Average

r, ;1ftrs)

20 40 60 80 100
(vii) Analysis of the data: ?2(s)

il I -

(a) The inertia of the top depends on its mass. (b) The top with the larger mass has a larger inertia (indicated by its ability to spin longer)' (c) (il Airn of exPerirnent: To study the relationship between mass of an object and its inertia. (iil Variables in the exPeriment: Manipulated: Mass of the plasticirre, ftl.. Responding: Period of oscillation, ?' Constant: Stiffness of the hacksaw blade and the distance of the plasticine from the clamp' (iii) List of apparatus and materials: A hacksaw blade, a G-clamP, a stopwatch, plasticine balls of mass 20 g, 40 g,60 g, 80 g and 100 g, a table.

m{C)

A graph of ?2 against m indicates that the period ofoscillation increases as the mass increases, i.e. an object with a larger mass has more inertia. (viii) Conclusion: An object with a larger mass has more inertia. This is whY the toP partly coated with tin was able to

$pr n lo n f{ e t' .' l ' h c rrrrPted. ,

h y p o th e s i s

is

;fflr ravelength o{'a wir.'t' tL'pt'nds on the iln|{;rcncy. il fha" highcr the frr:qut.rrtv of'r,'ibration, the +lxrter is the wavelengt h ol i lrt' wirvc {brmed. ,,rrn ii, Aim of experiment: T o s t udy t h e re l a ti o n s h i p b e tw e e n velocity of n wavc, it.s fi'cqucncy and its wavelength. (ii) Variabloa in the experiment: Manipulated: Freqnency Reepcndlng: Wavelength

(vi)

(white) is placed below the tank. The vibrator motor secured on the wooden bar with the circular clipper attached is switched on to produce circular water waves. The pattern of the waves formed is observed on the white paper with the help of a mechanical stroboscope.The procedure is repeated with increasing frequency. The pattern is sketched on a piece of paper and the wavelength measured. A graph of wavelength against frequency is plotted. Tabulation of data: Frequeney (Hzl Wavelength, I (cm)
),1

Veloeity
(m *t)

Constent: Veleicity
( iii) List of apparntus and materials. Ripple tank, a vibrator motor with a{ustable frequency, a lamp, white piece of paper, a wooden bar, a mechanical stroboscope and a circular clipper. Arrangement of nppa.ratus: (vii)

20 40 60 80 t00
Analysis of data:

h2

114

v v v

I-

(i v)

white piece paper

f(Hz) It is evident from the graph that as the frequeney increases the wavelength decreases provided the velocity rennains constant. Conclusioi: As the wavelength decreases, the frequency increases. This is why the tap that releases more droplets of water per second in a large container is observed to produce shorter wavelength of water waves. Hypothesis is accepted.

tv,l

Procedure: A ripple tank is frlled with water and set up as shown. The tank is levelled so that the depth of water in the tank is uniform to ensure that the velocity of the wave is constant. The inner surface ofthe tank is lined with a sponry material to ensure that no reflection of water waves occur from the edges.The lamp above the tank is switched on and a large piece of paper