Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) Conformance and Performance Testing Sample Test Plans

Contents
1. IPv6 Conformance Test .......................................................................................................3 2. IPv6/IPv4 Forwarding Performance Test ...........................................................................5 3. Tunneling Functional Test ...................................................................................................7 4. Tunneling Performance Test ...............................................................................................8 5. IPv6 Routing Performance and Scalability Test .............................................................. 10

Copyright 2004 Ixia. All rights reserved. The information in this document is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Ixia. Ixia assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document. Ixia and the Ixia logo are trademarks of Ixia. All other companies, product names, and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

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IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans

Internet Protocol version 6: Conformance and Performance Testing Sample Test Plans
1. IPv6 Conformance Test
Objective. Verify the DUTs compliance with the following features defined in various RFCs: IPv6 (RFC 2460). Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks (RFC 2464). IPv6 over PPP (RFC 2474). ICMPv6 (RFC 2463). Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (RFC 2462). Path MTU Discovery (RFC 1981). Neighbor Discovery Protocol (RFC 2461). Multicast Listener Discovery (RFC 2710). Tunneling (RFC 2529, RFC 2893, and RFC 3056). Additional test suites are available for legacy IPv4 and IPv6 routing. Both IPv6 and IPv4 should be tested in a dual stack implementation. Test setup. An IxANVL Linux workstation connects directly to the DUT, or via Ixia test hardware, with one or two test interfaces (see Figure 1). The Ixia test platform will
Linux workstation

emulate either hosts or routers in IPv6 and IPv4 mode, depending on the configuration of each test case. Methodology. IxANVL runs a number of test cases against the DUT based on the direct interpretation of various IPv6 RFCs. 1. Configure each IxANVL network interface with the appropriate network parameters, including those of the DUT such as IP address, MAC address, gateway, etc. 2. Specify configuration of the DUT, typically via command scripts such as Expect scripts. IxANVL is able to automatically execute the scripts to configure the DUT before, during or after the test. 3. Select a set of test cases to run in IxANVL (Figure 2). 4. Run IxANVL in a batch mode with the command scripts, reconfiguring the DUT as required between test cases to match the IxANVL test setup. Result. Number of tests passed/failed, including reasons for failed cases (see Figure 3).

DUT

Figure 1. IPv6 conformance test setup.

IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans

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Figure 2. IxANVL conformance test cases.

Figure 3. IxANVL test results.

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2. IPv6/IPv4 Forwarding Performance Test

Objective. Characterize the performance of the data plane in forwarding IPv6 and IPv4 traffic. IETF RFC2544 defines how to characterize data plane performance. Ixia has implemented the RFC2544 test in IxScriptMate. Four tests have been developed to support RFC2544: The back-to-back test determines how the DUT responds to different quantities of frames with the minimum gap allowed by the protocol specification. The frame loss test determines how the DUT responds to streams with different loading. The throughput test finds the highest rate at which the DUT can forward frames. The latency test reveals how much processing overhead the DUT requires to forward frames. Test setup. A minimum of two Ixia ports will be used for this test, in conjunction with the IxScriptMate RFC2544 test (see Figure 4). Methodology. This test will involve several test ports to match the DUTs port density. Ideally, the test should flood traffic to every input port of the DUT. A number of Ixia load modules will be connected to the DUT. Ixias IxScriptMate is used to perform the RFC 2544 benchmark test. 1. Connect appropriate Ixia load modules with the DUT. Try to match

the DUTs port density. 2. Run IxScriptMate on the client console. Select RFC2544 test. 3. Configure appropriate port and traffic parameters for each one of RFC2544 tests. Set the protocol type as IPv6 under Traffic Setup menu (Figure 5). 4. Execute all four tests to characterize IPv6 performance. Mixed traffic with IPv4. Testers can run another instance of IxScriptMate on the same console. The second IxScriptMate will run the same RFC2544 test with additional ports assigned to generate and measure IPv4 performance. Users can adjust the number of ports running IPv6 traffic (with the first instance of IxScriptMate), and the number of ports running IPv4 traffic (with the second instance of IxScriptMate). The goal is to generate a mixed IPv6 and IPv4 traffic to stress a dual-stack DUT. Test inputs Packet length. Offered load. IPv6 and IPv4 mixed ratio. Results Throughput. Latency. Packet loss.

IPv4 packets

IPv4 packets

DUT
IPv6 packets dual stack router IPv6 packets

Figure 4. Packet forwarding performance test setup.

IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans

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Figure 5. Configuring port and traffic parameters.

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IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans

3. Tunneling Functional Test

Objective. Verify correct encapsulation and decapsulation between IPv6 and IPv4. Test setup. Two Ixia ports will be connected to the DUT for this test one to generate IPv6 traffic and a second one to monitor IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels (see Figure 6). The IxExplorer application will be used to generate and analyze IP packets. Various tunneling schemes will be exercised. Methodology 1. Configure the DUT to support the tunneling scheme under test. 2. Set up one Ixia port to generate IPv6 traffic with IPv6 addresses properly configured to match the tunneling schemes supported by the DUT.

3. Set up the IPv6 traffic stream, with the proper data integrity signature. 4. Set up the receiving port to measure the tunnel traffic. Set up a capture buffer to analyze tunneled packets. Test inputs Offered load. Packet length. Packet headers and payload. Address range. Results (see Figure 7) Header and payload integrity check. Packet loss. Address translation verify the IPv4 addresses.

IPv6 packets

dual stack router

IPv6 / IPv4 packets

DUT
IPv6 header transport header data IPv4 header IPv6 header transport header data

Figure 6. Tunneling functional test setup.

frame loss observed

data integrity check

Figure 7. Tunneling functional test results.

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4. Tunneling Performance Test

Objectives. Characterize the DUTs performance in encapsulating and decapsulating IPv6 tunneled traffic. IxScriptMate supports three tests for tunneling performance: The Tunnel Capacity Test finds how many frames the DUT loses with various numbers of tunnels. The Tunnel Frame Loss Test finds how many frames the DUT loses at various frame rates. The Tunnel Throughput Test searches for the maximum rate at which the DUT receives and forwards frames with no frame loss. Test setup. A minimum of two Ixia ports will be used in this test, in conjunction with the IxScriptMate IPv6 Tunneling Test. It uses IPv6 tunnels with pairs of ports with oneto-one traffic mapping; one port transmits to one receive port. Users can specify multiple pairs of test ports to increase the loading. The transmit ports generate IPv6 packets and the receive ports expect IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel traffic. See Figure 8. Methodology 1. Configure the DUT to support the tunneling scheme under test. IxScriptMate currently supports

manually configured tunnels, IPv4compatible tunnels, 6to4 tunnels, and ISATAP tunnels. 2. Set up the appropriate test parameters under IxScriptMate. 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for different tunneling schemes supported by the DUT. 4. Execute all three tests to characterize performance. Test Inputs (see Figure 9) Tunnel end points IPv6 and IPv4 addresses. Tunneling methods Manually configured, IPv4-compatible, 6to4, and ISATAP. The number of tunnels (required for tunnel capacity test). Maximum transmit rate. Loss tolerance. Frame sizes. Results (see Figure 10) Frame loss. Tunnel throughput. Latency. Packet integrity error. Packet sequence error.

Figure 8. Tunneling performance test setup.

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IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans

Figure 9. Tunneling performance test parameters.

Figure 10. Tunneling performance test results.

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5. IPv6 Routing Performance and Scalability Test

Objectives. Characterize the performance and the scalability of the IPv6 control plane. The IPv6 routing protocols, such as MBGP4+, will be tested and characterized. The Ixia test tool emulates many peers/ adjacencies and routes behind each test port; therefore, many complicated test scenarios can be done with only a few test ports. The typical tests in this category are: Forwarding Information Base. Routing Scalability. Route Convergence. Routing Stability. Test setup. IxExplorer will be used to emulate multiple BGP peers and routes behind each physical port. A minimum of two Ixia test ports will be connected to the DUT for this test. Users can add more Ixia ports to match the DUTs capacity. See Figure 11. Methodology 1. Configure a number of IPv6 addresses that will be emulated by an Ixia port under the Protocol Interfaces folder. 2. Configure a number of BGP peers under the BGP protocol folder. The user can easily increase the number of peers in a spreadsheet setting. 3. Configure a number of routes for each BGP peer (see Figure 12). Again, the user has complete control over how the routes will be set up,

including the mandatory and optional BGP attributes for each route. 4. Start up the BGP emulation; observe all the routes that are registered and propagated by the DUT. 5. Set up automatic traffic streams to target all the advertised routes. Verify that the DUT can deliver traffic to the proper destination based on the emulated topologies. 6. Flap the emulated routes to simulate Internet instability (see Figure 12). 7. Repeat the test procedure for OSPFv3, IS-ISv6 and RIPng. Test inputs. The size of the emulated topology can be adjusted to meet different test scenarios by varying: The number of emulated routers. The number of peers/adjacencies. The number of routes or LSA/LSP. The routes or links attributes. The duration and frequency of route flapping. Results. The key measurement goal is to determine the DUTs capability to forward traffic correctly under heavy loading and with dynamic fluctuation in the control plane. Typical measurements are: Packet loss. Packet sequence error. Misdirected packets.

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DUT dual stack router IX I A I X IA

Figure 11. Routing performance and scalability test.

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IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans

emulated routers emulated peers

Figure 12. Ixia emulates multiple BGP peers with advertised routes

Figure 13. Emulated routes can be flapped to simulate Internet instability.

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IPv6: Conformance and Performance Testing, Sample Test Plans