A

acceleration pecutan The rate of change of speed with respect to time accuracy ketepatan Exactness acute angle sudut tirus An angle with a size of less than 90 acute triangle segi tiga bersudut tirus A triangle with three acute angles adjacent angles sudut bersebelahan Angles that share a common side adjacent side sisi bersebelahan The side of a right-angled triangle that lies next to the given acute angle in the triangle algebraic expression ungkapan algebra Two or more algebraic terms combined by addition and/or subtraction algebraic fraction pecahan algebra A fraction where the numerator or denominator or both are algebraic expressions algebraic term sebutan algebra A term consisting of a number and one or more unknowns (letters) alternate angles sudut selang-seli Non-adjacent angles found on opposite sides of the transversal angle at the centre sudut pada pusat Angle subtended by an arc at the centre of a circle angle of rotation sudut putaran An angle turned through by all points on a plane about a fixed point in a rotation annulus anulus Region bounded by two circles that have a common centre approximate anggaran A value that is close to the exact value arc lengkok A portion of the circumference of a circle average speed laju purata The speed that is obtained by dividing the total distance travelled by the total time taken for a journey axis (plural: axes) paksi-paksi Fixed reference lines along or from which distances or angles are taken

axis of a cone paksi kon The line that joins the vertex to the centre of the circular base axis of a cylinder paksi silinder The line that joins the centres of the two parallel opposite circular faces of a cylinder axis of reflection paksi pantulan A line of a reflection such that the distances of a point and its corresponding image from the line are equal axis of symmetry paksi simetri The line which divides something in half so that one half is exactly the same as the other half. It is also called line of symmetry.

B
bar chart carta palang A visual display of data using vertical or horizontal bars. The width of each bar is the same while its height or length depends on the frequency of the item concerned. base asas The number a when a number is written in the form an bisector pembahagi dua sama A line that divides a line or angle into two equal parts or portions of the same length or size

C
Cartesian plane satah Cartesan A plane formed by two perpendicular axes (x-axis and y-axis) that intersect at a point called the origin centre of enlargement pusat pembesaran The fixed point that does not change under an enlargement centre of rotation pusat putaran A fixed point where all points on a plane are turned through an angle in a rotation chord perentas A straight line that joins any two points on the circumference of a circle circumference lilitan The perimeter of a circle

coefficient pekali The number and/or unknown placed before another unknown quantity in an algebraic term commission komisen Money paid to someone based on the value of goods sold common factor faktor sepunya A number that is the factor of two or more numbers common multiple gandaan sepunya A number that is the multiple of two or more numbers compasses (a pair of compasses) jangka lukis A geometrical instrument for drawing circles or parts of circles complementary angles sudut pelengkap Two angles whose sum is 90 composite solid gabungan pepejal A solid that comprises two or more geometric solids which are combined together congruence kekongruenan Property of figures that have the same size and shape regardless of their orientations construct bina Draw accurately with geometrical instruments converse akas A theorem obtained by interchanging the premise and conclusion of a given theorem coordinates koordinat An ordered pair of numbers in the form (a, b) that identifies the location of a point on a Cartesian plane corresponding angles sudut sepadan Angles that have the same position on two parallel lines cut by a transversal cosine kosinus The ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle with respect to the acute angle cross-multiplication pendaraban silang In two fractions separated by an equal sign, the numerator is multiplied across with the denominator and vice versa. a c For example, = ad = bc b d cube (i) kubus (ii) kuasa tiga (i) A special cuboid with all its edges of the same length (ii) Product of a number multiplied by itself twice

cube root punca kuasa tiga The inverse of cube. For example, the cube root of 8 is 2 since 23 = 8. Its symbol is 3 . cubic centimetre sentimeter padu The unit of measurement of volume using centimetre. It is written as cm3. cubic metre meter padu The unit of measurement of volume using metre. It is written as m3. cyclic quadrilateral sisi empat kitaran A quadrilateral with all its four vertices lying on the circumference of a circle

D
data data A collection of information or facts concerning a particular subject dependent variable pemboleh ubah bersandar The variable that forms the subject formula in a relation. Its value depends on the values of the independent variable derive terbit To develop a formula from another diameter diameter A straight line joining two points on the circumference of a circle that passes through the centre of the circle. diagonal pepenjuru A line joining two vertices that are not next to each other in a polygon directed number nombor berarah A numbered point on a directed line (number line). It can be a positive or negative number. discount diskaun Deduction from the regular price of an item discrete diskrit Data which can only take exact values dividend (i) yang dibahagi (ii) dividen (i) A number or quantity which is to be divided (ii) Part of a companys profit that is divided among people who hold its shares divisibility test ujian keterbahagian A quick way to determine if a number is divisible by another number divisible boleh terbahagi A number is divisible by another number if there is no remainder after the division

E
enlargement pembesaran A transformation that has a fixed point while all the other points on the plane move from the fixed point according to a certain ratio equal factors faktor-faktor yang sama The numbers in a multiplication operation which are equal. For example, 2 2 2 = 8. Therefore, 2 is the equal factor of 8. equality kesamaan The relation of being equal equation persamaan A statement that relates two quantities of the same value using the symbol = equidistant sama jarak At the same distance from a point or line equilateral triangle segi tiga sama sisi A triangle which has three sides of equal length and each angle is equal to 60 equivalent setara Having the same value or amount expand kembangkan Write (expression or term) in full expanded form bentuk kembangan The result of expanding an expression extend melanjutkan Lengthen/extrapolate exterior angle sudut peluaran The angle formed when one side of the polygon is extended

function fungsi A relationship between two or more variables which expresses one variable in terms of the other variable(s)

G
greater than lebih daripada Larger than, much more than

H
hemisphere hemisfera One half of a sphere heptagon heptagon A polygon with seven sides hexagon heksagon A polygon with six sides Highest Common Factor (HCF) Faktor Sepunya Terbesar (FSTB) The largest common factor of two or more numbers hundredths per seratus 1 A place value that represents 100 hypotenuse hipotenus The longest side of a right-angled triangle, which is the side opposite the right angle

I
image imej A point or figure that is formed by mapping an original point or figure under a certain transformation improper fraction pecahan tak wajar A fraction whose numerator is larger than or equal to its denominator independent variable pemboleh ubah tak bersandar The variable in a relation whose values are assigned at will index (plural: indices) indeks The number n when a number is written in the form an index form bentuk indeks A number which is written in the form an inequality ketaksamaan A mathematical sentence that relates two quantities which are not equal by using the symbols >, <, , or interior angle sudut pedalaman An angle which is inside the parallel lines or an angle inside a polygon

F
factor faktor A whole number that divides another number exactly without any remainder factorisation pemfaktoran A process of writing an algebraic term or expression as a product of factors formula (plural: formulae) rumus An equation that expresses the relationship between two or more variables frequency kekerapan The number of times certain information appears in a group of data frequency table jadual kekerapan A table that shows the frequencies of certain categories of items of data

interior opposite angles sudut pedalaman bertentangan The pair of interior angles of a cyclic quadrilateral which lie opposite one another intersecting lines garis bersilang Lines that cross or meet one another at a point invariant point titik tak varian The point that does not change its position under a transformation isometry isometri A transformation that preserves the shape and the size of the object isosceles triangle segi tiga kaki sama A triangle with two equal sides

L
leap year tahun lompat A year which has 366 days. A leap year can be divided by 4 without any remainder. However, years ending with 00 are not leap year unless they are divisible by 400. less than lebih kecil daripada Smaller than letter symbol huruf abjad A way of representing a quantity in a formula by using letters like terms sebutan serupa Terms with the same unknowns and each of the unknown is raised to the same power linear algebraic term sebutan algebra linear An algebraic term with only one unknown and the power of the unknown is 1 linear equation persamaan linear An equation that relates numbers and linear terms linear equation in one unknown persamaan linear dalam satu anu An equality involving numbers and linear algebraic terms with one unknown linear inequality ketaksamaan linear An inequality that relates numbers and linear terms using symbols >, <, or line graph graf garis A visual representation of data to show how the values change over a period of time line of symmetry garis/paksi simetri The line which divides something in half so that one half is exactly the same as the other half. It is also called axis of symmetry

line segment tembereng garis Part of a straight line that has two endpoints locate mencari lokasi To find the exact place or location locus (plural: loci) lokus A set of points that satisfies given conditions loss kerugian Amount loss in a business when the selling price of an item is lower than the cost price Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) Gandaan Sepunya Terkecil (GSTK) The smallest common multiple of two or more numbers lowest terms sebutan terendah A fraction or algebraic term that cannot be simplified any further because it does not have any other common factors except 1

M
mean min The average value in a set of data that is obtained by dividing the sum of the values of data by the total number of data median median The number in the middle of a set of data when the data are arranged in ascending or descending order midpoint titik tengah A point on a straight line that divides the straight line into two equal halves millennium milenium One thousand years minute minit (i) A unit of time. One minute is equal to 60 seconds. (ii) A unit of measurement of smaller angles, where 60 minutes (written as 60) is equal to 1 degree missing side sisi yang tidak diberikan A side of a figure with an unknown length mixed operations operasi bercampur Computation involving any combination of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and the use of brackets mode mod The item or number that appears most often or has the highest frequency in a set of data multiple gandaan A multiple of a number is any number which it will divide exactly

N
negative number nombor negatif A real number less than zero. It is denoted by a sign in front of the number. net bentangan The shape in one plane that is obtained by opening up and flattening out the faces of a geometric solid non-uniform speed laju tak seragam Speed that is always changing number line garis nombor A straight line with numbers marked on it in ascending or descending order number sequence nombor berpola A list of numbers that is arranged in a particular order according to certain rules numerator pengangka The number written above the fraction line numerical value nilai-nilai bernombor The value of an unknown in numerical form

O
obtuse angle sudut cakah An angle greater than 90 but less than 180 obtuse triangle segi tiga bersudut cakah A triangle with one of its angles being obtuse octagon oktagon A polygon with eight sides one whole turn satu putaran lengkap A rotation of 360 opposite side sisi bertentangan The side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite the given acute angle ordered pair pasangan tertib A pair of numbers in the form (x, y) used to locate a point on the coordinate system where x is the independent variable and y is the dependent variable origin asalan The point of intersection between the x-axis and y-axis in a Cartesian plane. It has coordinates (0, 0)

P
parallel lines garis selari Two or more lines that go in exactly the same direction and are at the same distances apart at every point, so that the lines never meet or intersect

parallelogram segi empat selari A four-sided figure (quadrilateral) in which both pairs of opposite sides is parallel and equal in length pattern corak, pola A repeated design or arrangement using numbers, shapes, lines, colours, etc. pentagon pentagon A polygon with five sides perfect squares kuasa dua sempurna A whole number which is the product of a whole number multiplied by itself perimeter perimeter The total distance measured around the outside edges of a shape or a closed figure perpendicular serenjang Forming a right angle. Its symbol is perpendicular bisector pembahagi dua sama serenjang A line that divides another line into two equal parts at right angles perpendicular lines garis-garis serenjang Lines that intersect to make right angles (90) pi pi The ratio of the circumference of a circle to the diameter. Its symbol is . pictogram piktograf An illustration of data using pictures of symbols to represent the frequencies of certain items. It is also known as pictograph. pie chart carta pai A type of statistical graph that uses sectors of a circle to represent data plot plot The process of marking points on a Cartesian plane point of intersection titik persilangan Point where two lines cut each other polygon poligon A closed figure with three or more straight lines power kuasa A number that shows the operation of repeated multiplication, written in the superscript form prime factor faktor perdana A prime number that can divide a given number exactly prime factorisation proses mencari faktor perdana The way of expressing a number as a product of all its prime factors prime number nombor perdana A whole number that can only be divided by itself and the number 1

prism prisma A solid with two parallel opposite faces in the shape of congruent polygons while all the other faces are in the shape of parallelograms profit keuntungan Amount gained in a business when the selling price of an item is more than its cost price proper fraction pecahan wajar A fraction where its numerator is smaller than its denominator proportion kadaran A statement of equality between two ratios proportional berkadaran In correct proportion protractor jangka sudut An instrument used to measure and draw angles pyramid piramid A solid with one face in the shape of a polygon while all the other faces are in the shape of triangles. It has a vertex. Pythagoras theorem teorem Pithagoras A formula that states that in any right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the two sides Pythagorean triples trirangkap Pithagoras A set of three whole numbers that can be found using the Pythagoras theorem

quantities with the same unit of measurement. It a can be expressed as a : b or b . reasonable munasabah Logical, acceptable recognise kenal pasti To be able to identify something that one has seen before reflection pantulan A transformation that moves all points on a plane to the opposite side of a certain line such that the distances of the point and its corresponding image from the line are equal reflex angle sudut refleks An angle greater than 180 but less than 360 regular hexagon heksagon sekata A hexagon having all sides of equal length and all interior angles of equal size regular polygon poligon sekata A polygon having all sides of equal length and all interior angles of equal size retardation nyahpecutan A negative acceleration rhombus rombus A parallelogram with four equal sides right angle sudut tegak An angle that is exactly 90 right-angled triangle segi tiga bersudut tegak A triangle with one of the angles being a right angle right circular cone kon membulat tegak A cone in which the axis is perpendicular to the base right cylinder silinder tegak A cylinder in which the axis is perpendicular to the bases right prism prisma tegak A prism in which the bases are perpendicular to the lateral edges right pyramid piramid tegak A pyramid in which its vertex is vertically above the centre of the base root of equation punca persamaan A number that, when substituted for the unknown in a given equation, makes both sides of the equation equal rotation putaran A transformation that turns all points on a plane about a fixed point through an angle either clockwise or anticlockwise direction

Q
quadrant sukuan One of the four regions into which a plane is divided in a Cartesian coordinate system by the x-axis and the y-axis quadrilateral sisi empat A polygon with four sides quantity kuantiti The amount or number of something that can be measured, weighed or counted quotient hasil bahagi The answer to a division problem

R
radius jejari The distance from the centre of a circle to any point on the circumference rate kadar The change of one quantity with respect to the other quantity ratio nisbah A pair of numbers used to compare two different

round/rounded off bundarkan/ pembundaran To change an exact figure to the nearest whole number or to a certain degree of accuracy route lintasan A path taken in moving from one point to the other point

S
scale skala The ratios that show the values represented by 1 unit on the axes of the Cartesian plane scale drawing lukisan berskala A drawing that is similar but either larger or smaller than the actual object scale factor faktor skala The ratio of the distance of the image to the distance of the object from a fixed point scalene triangle segi tiga tak sama kaki A triangle with each side different in length sector sector The region in a circle that is bounded by two radii and one of the arcs segment tembereng The region in a circle that is bounded by an arc and the chord joining its two end points semicircle semi bulatan A half of a circle or of its circumference sequence urutan A list of numbers that are arranged in a certain pattern set square sesiku A geometrical instrument in the shape of a rightangled triangle that is used to draw parallel lines similar serupa Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size simple interest faedah ringkas/mudah Interest that is computed on the principal sum saved in a bank simplify permudahkan Write in a shorter form simultaneous linear equations persamaan linear serentak A system of linear equations that has common solutions sine sinus Ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle with respect to the acute angle

sketch lakar Make a quick and simple drawing that does not show much accuracy slant height tinggi sendeng The distance joining the vertex of a cone to a point on the circumference of the base solution penyelesaian The value of the unknown in an equation, root of equation speed kelajuan The rate of change of distance with respect to time sphere sfera A solid in which all the points on its surface are at a fixed distance from a given point called the centre square (i) segi empat sama (ii) kuasa dua (i) A quadrilateral having four equal sides and four right angles (ii) A number obtained by multiplying a given number by itself square grids grid segi empat sama Sets of lines at right angles and equally spaced out square number nombor kuasa dua A whole number that is the square of an integer square root punca kuasa dua A number that, when multiplied by itself, equals to a given number. Its symbol is . statement pernyataan A sentence whose meaning is either true or false, but not both straight edge sisi lurus Any geometrical instrument with a straight edge like a ruler or set square straight line garis lurus A line that is not bent or curved subject of a formula perkara rumus A variable that is expressed in terms of other variables in a formula substitute ganti Replace an unknown with a number or another unknown substitution method kaedah penggantian A method of solving simultaneous linear equations by eliminating an unknown from the given equations supplementary angles sudut penggenap Two angles whose sum is 180 surface area luas permukaan The sum of areas for all the outside faces of a solid

symmetry simetri Similarity of form on either side of a dividing line. Shapes are called symmetrical if they have one or more lines of symmetry

T
tangent tangen Ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side of a right-angled triangle with respect to the acute angle tenth per sepuluh 1 A place value that represents 10 term sebutan (i) A number in a sequence (ii) A number or a product of unknowns connected by +, , or in an algebraic expression or equation thousandth per seribu 1 A place value that represents 1 000 time interval tempoh masa The period of time between two events transformation penjelmaan One-to-one correspondence between points on a plane such that every point on the plane is mapped to one definite point translation translasi A type of transformation that moves every point on a plane in the same direction and the same distance transversal garis rentasan lintang A straight line which cuts two parallel lines trapezium trapezium A quadrilateral with only one pair of the opposite sides being parallel twelve-hour system sistem 12 jam A system where a period of a day (24 hours) is divided into two halves of twelve hours each. This system uses the indicators a.m. and p.m. twenty-four hour system sistem 24 jam A system where a period of a day (24 hours) is divided into twenty-four hourly divisions. In this system, time is written as a 4-digit number.

uniform speed laju seragam Speed that always covers a fixed distance over a fixed interval of time unit cube kubus unit A cube with edges 1 unit in length unknown anu A quantity that is not known unlike signs tanda tak serupa Symbols which are different unlike terms sebutan tak serupa Terms with different unknowns or with the same unknown but the unknowns are raised to different powers

V
variable pemboleh ubah A quantity whose value is not fixed vertex (plural: vertices) bucu (i) The point where two lines meet to form an angle (ii) The point where two adjacent sides of a polygon meet (iii) The point where three edges of a solid meet vertical mencancang Parallel to the y-axis on the Cartesian plane vertically opposite angles sudut bertentangan bucu Two non-adjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines

W
whole number nombor bulat A natural number used for counting, including zero

X
x-axis paksi-x The horizontal axis on a Cartesian plane x-coordinate koordinat-x The first number of an ordered pair of a point (x, y) on the Cartesian plane that shows the horizontal distance of the point from the y-axis

Y U
undefined tidak tertakrif Cannot be determined uniform seragam The same or constant at regular intervals y-axis paksi-y The vertical axis on a Cartesian plane y-coordinate koordinat-y The second number of an ordered pair of a point (x, y) on the Cartesian plane that shows the vertical distance of the point from the x-axis