Education System in Pakistan is divided into five different levels, primary, middle, high school (matriculation), intermediate and

then university level which leads to undergraduate and graduate study programs. Education system of Pakistan is diversified system due to which our colleges and universities not able to produce the required talent for the job market

Pakistani students study in schools till matriculation where just they just learn how to do cramming like a parrot. Our schooling education system is divided into two different types one is O Level and A Level which is Cambridge schooling and other one is matriculation both are quite different and first one is for the elite class and other one is for working and poor class people. Experts believed that different educational system for high and low class creates a huge difference between both class and also failed to meet the requirements of society as to face the challenges of modern world. Pakistan Colleges are also not doing very well due to the poor education policies and education system. Intermediate students also done cramming and the examinations just based on the memory of the students. Education system in Pakistan cant check the intellect of the candidates, which not allow students to build their intellect. In colleges and universities at graduate and undergraduate levels there are also two type of educational system one is annual and other is semester system. You would be surprised to know that some universities conduct examination under both systems and some universities one year offer semester and other year starting annual system. Sometimes you would also observe that if one administration is preferring semester system as the best one after that other administration would change the education system in annual because they think that annual system is the best one.

Here now I would like to tell you about the flaws of both semester and annual system. If you talk about the semester system it is best to some extent than the annual as the whole year students busy in studying because after a short interval their exams are due. Students also have to do some practical work as assignments and term papers which is the essential part of curriculum. But the problem occurs when teachers are not sincere with their duties. You would see that most of the semester exams syllabus would be on only few topics and students can go throw the whole syllabus in only few hours. Students mostly waste their time in chilling and other useless activities instead of studies and studying near exams able them to pass the examinations. If we talk about the assignments and term papers mostly teachers never check thoroughly the term papers and give marks without any checking. Students also know this fact so mostly students submit term papers which are submitted by the old students. So the real purpose to assigning term papers not fulfilled. Now come to the annual system, here you would find very shameful and shocking facts that students not even check their books once and just wasting time whole year in the useless activities. Some students doing jobs and just a month before exams they purchase books and also the past papers of that university. You would be surprised to know that if you jot down the questions which were asked in the previous papers. You would find that only 15 to 18 questions that are repeated again and again. Students just study that questions and mostly just cramming headings of that questions and these students also got good marks at the end. Government should do some immediate steps for the improvement of the education system in Pakistan. It is common perception in our society that education never be a priority of our political leaders. You can check the education budget of Pakistan which is lowest education budget of the other regional countries. Government should establish the same education system in the whole country.

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Pakistan's Existing Education System:

Guest Post by Mr. Fida Hussain Sayani Before I elaborate on the existing education system, it is important to highlight the system we inherited from the British Raj in 1947. A classic example is NJV High School on Bunder Road, presently Mohammad Ali Jinnah Road. I joined the school in 1949, at that time this Sindh Government School was considered the elitist school where the cream of the crop of Sindh used to send their children for education from class 5 to 11. After graduation the student had to move to the college for intermediate education. This school was not only for the children of elite of Sindh but also for the children coming from all walks of life including the orphan children of Vazir Rahim Boarding. The School by having the children coming from different strata of Sindhi culture both Hindus and Muslims and gave them the same standard education, hence a bond was created between the rich and the poor resulting in a homogenous environment. Today the government school system does not offer that environment and opportunity. Ours is a very divisive education system which has created a huge gap between the have's and have not's, hence we have Babus and Seths. This divisive system having penetrated deeply in to our culture, the results of which are right in front of our eyes. The different tiers have been created in our system over a period of 60 years to facilitate the hold of the elite over the governing of our nation. Until and unless drastic action is taken to correct the education system we are bound to end up in chaos, the rays of which are already showing. Today our multiple tier education system can be highlighted in the following categories:

Cambridge Education system: This foreign education system is exclusively for the children of very rich so that they can after graduation go overseas for higher education on the foreign exchange provided to them by Pakistan Sate Bank. Pakistan Secondary Education system: This is provided by private and government schools, one for the middle class and other for the poor. The one for the middle class has medium instruction in English and the other one in Urdu. The children from these institutions, if they happen to have good grades and the parental financial capital go to the colleges of their preference and the rest either become clerk/ cashiers/ sales person in a shop/ worker in the factory/ any other work which comes in there way. Maderessah Education System: This is supposed to provide religious education; however, the results in front of us provide a very dangerous scenario. This one has no name and consists of children who are born in misery and die in misery. Can this above scenario be corrected? Definitely YES. Can it be done in one Massive surgery? Definitely NO. The course of action is that it has to be corrected over a longer period of time; any quick method in correcting the present different tiers of this system will create a chaos which will dwarf the nationalization of banks and insurance companies by Z.A. Bhutto.

The most immediate action would be to create a one tier system on paper after thorough research to be done by educationalist and men of science, technology, business, finance, law, agriculture and others. Once the system is in place, the next stage will be to bring the existing government schools in compliance with the new one tier system of education. This goal can be achieved in 23 years if done in a crash course. Once the middle class comes to know that the free government schools are offering a same or better education than the private schools charging fees, they will immediately switch the school for there children, Once this is achieved, the time will be perfect to ban the Cambridge system of education in Pakistan. In a unified Pakistan, there has to be one education system for all the children of Pakistan. This will lead us to Unity, Faith and Discipline. The cry of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Quaid-e-Azam. ============= 2nd Part: Primary and Secondary Education in Pakistan, its Deficiencies and Rectification:

Education is a must for civilization. Today a dark clouds hovers over Pakistan, where illiteracy is on the increase due to negligence of the government of Pakistan, which spends only 1% of the GDP on education for 160 million population of the country. The illiteracy level which is tied to the poverty level goes hand in hand and the tragedy of Pakistan is that all the successive administrations since its birth 61 years ago have failed to address the issue of Education.

To address the subject of this paper, it is important to identify the relevant issues which have brought the illiteracy to this elevated level. In this high tech world this elevated level of poverty and illiteracy is not acceptable and it is important to identify the weakness of the governments approach to the present level of education and rectify the situation.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Quality of education at the time of independence. What went wrong over a period of 61 years. What a mess we are in at the present stage. How to face the Education carnage and provide rectification

1. Quality of Education at the time of independent.

Government Primary Schools ( Grade 1-4 ) and Secondary Schools ( grade 5-11 ), before the birth of Pakistan gave a quality education in the Province of Sindh which attracted children of the elite as well working class parents. After all Mr. Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Quaid-e-Azam, creator of Pakistan is a product of Sind Madressah School, Karachi. He, after completing his Metric level schooling, proceeded to London and returned as Bar-At-Law. NJV High School, Karachi, also gave another Bar-At-Law, who is a renowned Attorney of Pakistan, Mr. Abdul Hafeez Pirzada. In the early 50's the same school had sons of Dr. Shams Daudpotta and many elites of Sind were on the school ledger. This heritage of good education left by British very soon started evaporating and degenerated to a present level where even the ordinary citizen of Pakistan shy away from sending their children to a govt. school for primary and secondary education.

2. What went wrong over a period of 61 years? Greed and corruption were the two major factors which brought a well thought out British Raj system of education to its knees, while India and Sri Lanka managed it well. In the case of India, they advanced their engineering, technology and medicine to such a high standard that today they compete with the most advanced nations of the world and many American and European organization outsource their work to India. In Pakistan the teachers were the major factors in lowering the standard of education in the primary and secondary schools, the main factor was greed. They would not provide a good education to the students in the classroom. Instead they would encourage their students to take tuition at the home of the teachers, so the teacher could generate more money in his/her pocket; other teachers were purely corrupt, they would take money and help the student in getting the upgrade in there mark sheet. Some would let the students use unfair methods in the examination hall. When a teacher indulges in these unfair methods he looses self respect in the eyes of his student. As Pakistan was getting older the students in Pakistan were getting bolder, and at one stage they used knives and guns to get the kind of grade they wanted from there teachers. When the government school lost their creditability, the carpetbaggers moved in the private sector. Now this does not mean that all in private sectors were bad. Then came Bhutto's Regime, he nationalized all good and bad schools and literally destroyed whatever was left of a good system we inherited from the British Raj. Bhutto was followed by Gen. Zia who thru his brand of Islam destroyed the total education system. He is the man who is fully responsible for creating a five tier education system in Pakistan

3. What a mess we are in at the present stage. The education system we have on our hands in 2008 is in total shambles and we are producing matriculate from these schools with very little skills and absolutely no command over the

English language, which today is the language of science, technology, commerce, finance and marketing. Today even a country like China is putting higher emphasis on this language. Of course four Scandinavian countries declared English as a compulsory subject in there schools almost 40 years ago. Today in Pakistan instead of a one tier school system, we thru our callousness have created a 4 tier system of education in Pakistan, and they are as follows:

1. Cambridge Education system: this foreign education system is exclusively for the children of very rich so that they can after graduation go overseas for higher education on the foreign exchange provided to them by Pakistan Sate Bank. 2. Pakistan Secondary Education system: this is provided by private and government schools, one for the middle class and other for the poor. The one for the middle class has a medium of instruction in English and the other one in Urdu. The children from these institutions if they happen to have good grades and the parental financial help go to the colleges of their interest and the rest either become clerk/cashiers/sales person in a shop/ worker in the factory/ any other work which comes their way. 3. Madressah Education System: this is supposed to provide religious education. The results of this education are in front of us. Except for few who do provide a true Islamic Education most of the students of Madressah have graduated from them with a perverted ideology and has been a recruiting ground for terrorism. 4. This one has no name and consists of children who are born in misery and die in misery.

4. How to face the Education Carnage and Provide Rectification. Now this is a very tall order to remove all the discrepancies of the past 61 years. The question is where should we start? It is a mind boggling question and one wishes there was a simple answer. However as a starter on paper a single integrated education system has to be established, for that we need the minds of our best, from educationist to engineers, doctors, scientist, marketers, financiers, lawyers, agriculturist, all pooled together on one table to establish a curriculum from grade 1-10. Besides the subject of science, technology and commerce a higher level of emphasis has to be placed on mother tongue and the English language. The teachers have to be trained in these subjects with mastery. The next stage and a crucial one is the implementation of this new curriculum. This will be harder than the preparation of a new curriculum. The part of implementation will start with updating the education levels of teachers followed by selecting 10% of the primary and secondary schools of the country and introducing the new curriculum to them. The following year another 10% of schools will be brought into new system. If the program proceeds as planned Pakistan will have all its schools under the new progressive education system in 10 years. However, the fruit of this miracle will become visible in 2-3 years when the parents of the student will come to know of this revolutionary change in the education system. They will see the government schools providing education equal to or better than the private school at zero fee,

there will be a massive movement of student to the govt. school. That will be a crucial time for the government to make sure that no corrupt practices take place and the transfer is executed in an orderly way. Once the movement of children from private to government school has started that will be the time to ban the Cambridge system of education in Pakistan.

In a unified Pakistan, there has to be one education system for all the children of Pakistan. This will lead us to Unity, Faith and Discipline, the slogan made popular by Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Quaid-e-Azam, the Creator of Pakistan.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Pakistan#Statistics

Formal versus Informal Education

Formal versus Informal Education There is a long-lasting debate in some circles about the relative intrinsic worth of formal and informal education. This debate may impact our work in a literacy program. We have to differentiate between formal and informal education and why it is necessary in this rapid world and especially countries like Pakistan. Formal Education The term formal education refers to the structured and prearranged educational system provided by the state for children of that country. In most countries, the formal education system is statesupported and state-operated. In some countries like Pakistan, the state allows and certifies private systems which provide a comparable even some time much better education. Informal education It is very simple to understand Informal Education as informal means unofficial and it is called informal education because;

No regular curriculum Not obligatory

No formal certification

The Government can or can not support the whole program as it is mostly refer to the social base programs. Mostly education/training or awareness for this purpose is organized outside of the formally school. Most typically, the term or phrase informal education is used to refer to adult literacy and continuing education for adults. Promoting Informal Education Mostly this sort of Education, Programs, training needs cost and mostly are being supported by international organization like World Bank, UNICEF, Red Cross, etc. Now there is a problem as these organization has their own philosophy and according to the World Bank, they emphasis that formal education is most essential and thus illiteracy can be eliminated in a generation or next coming one. According to others they think that there is more need to work on Informal Education because deprived families and children can be accommodated through the informal education programs. And it will help to reduce illiteracys percentage. Conclusion It seems feasible that a more balanced approach or model for formal versus informal education is needed not only by educational theorists but also societies as well. And they have to come out to work on this to try to eliminate illiteracy rate. Because there is no doubt that education is needed and especially countries like Pakistan, we do understand that the Govt. can not cope individually on this issue now we have to play our role (Societies) in this regard and have to come out to reduce the illiteracy rate either by formal or informal way.

http://www.infed.org/biblio/colonialism.htm

Drawbacks In The Educational System Of Pakistan. There is no proper planning. Planning needs correct facts and figures which are not available. Innovations are neither research based nor are introduced after proper preparation. They are introduced with a stroke of pen, and are cancelled in equal haste. Education policies are framed, but policies are framed, but are fully implemented Over 1000 recommendations were made but only 25% were implemented. In Pakistan teachers are a neglected community. No incentive is provided by the governments or the society to the teachers and they are a community which is famous for its intellectual and economical backwardness.

The lack of funds is the most important drawback. The government does not have enough money to build more primary schools so that they may accommodate all the children in the school going age. The result is that the primary and the secondary schools are being crowded with children. School buildings are in a bad shape. Buildings are neglected and dilapidated. They are thousands of schools without proper classrooms. There is no proper furniture or facilities of drinking water, toilets and playing grounds

Low standard of public sector education

As the majority of Pakistan economy is poor and 70% of the literate people want to get education from the public sector due to unaffordability of expensis The main purpose of this post is to share with you people is that why of education system of the public sector is bad if we visit any govt primary or secondary school then we will see that teachers are sleeping ,or sitting idel,or abousing the students.What is this?Are you people are agree?Teachers are geting paying but not doing their part of duty....No one can take action aganist them.......

unequal distribution of education r u agree

The Miseducation of Pakistan At independence, Pakistan had a poorly educated population and few schools or universities. Although the education system has expanded greatly since then, Adult literacy is low, but improving. The rate of improvement is highlighted by the 50 percent literacy achieved among those aged fifteen to nineteen in 1990. However, by 1992 the population over twenty-five had a mean of only 1.9 years of schooling. This fact explains the minimal criteria for being considered literate: Relatively limited resources have been given to education, although there has been improvement in recent times. In 1960 public expenditure on education was only 1.1 percent of the gross national product.Although the government enlisted the assistance of various international donors in the education efforts outlined the results did not measure up to expectations. Structure of the System Education is organized into five levels: primary (grades one through five); middle (grades six through eight); high (grades nine and ten, culminating in matriculation); intermediate (grades eleven and twelve, leading to an F.A. diploma in arts or F.S. science; and university programs leading to undergraduate and advanced degrees. Preparatory classes (kachi, or nursery) were formally incorporated into the system in 1988 with the Seventh Five-Year Plan. Academic and technical education institutions are the responsibility of the federal Ministry of Education, which coordinates instruction through the intermediate level. Above that level, a designated university in each province is responsible for coordination of instruction and examinations. In certain cases, a different ministry may oversee specialized programs. Universities enjoy limited autonomy; their finances are overseen by a University Grants Commission, as in Britain.

Problems associated with educational system in Pakistan

The dubious educational system is among a number of problems that Individuals and groups face on daily basis in Pakistan. Despite huge educational expenditures and budgets allocated by the Governments, the double standards are still there. This has been one of the reasons that the true talent never gets an opportunity to prove them. While entering the practical life one of the most horrendous discrimination that is made in employment sectors, is that individuals with better command over English language are given priority on those who cannot speak this language in a fluent way. Some times this kind of altitude adopted by Organizations gives an impression that the required merit is not dependent on marks and distinctions but rather a command over this language. One can not underestimate or denounced the importance of English language but it is absolutely discrimination, if your qualification is ignored and merely a speaking power is given more importance.