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This document describes the design of a laser guided door opener circuit. It includes chapters on the circuit diagram, descriptions of components, and advantages. The circuit uses a laser diode to emit a light beam, and a photo transistor to detect when an object interrupts the beam. When the beam is interrupted, the circuit activates a relay to open the door. Components include a laser diode, photo transistor, transistors, integrated circuits, diode, relay, piezoelectric sensor and motor. The document provides details on each component and its specifications and characteristics. The laser guided door opener could provide contactless activation of doors for applications like warehouses or cleanrooms.
This document describes the design of a laser guided door opener circuit. It includes chapters on the circuit diagram, descriptions of components, and advantages. The circuit uses a laser diode to emit a light beam, and a photo transistor to detect when an object interrupts the beam. When the beam is interrupted, the circuit activates a relay to open the door. Components include a laser diode, photo transistor, transistors, integrated circuits, diode, relay, piezoelectric sensor and motor. The document provides details on each component and its specifications and characteristics. The laser guided door opener could provide contactless activation of doors for applications like warehouses or cleanrooms.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Scarica in formato DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
This document describes the design of a laser guided door opener circuit. It includes chapters on the circuit diagram, descriptions of components, and advantages. The circuit uses a laser diode to emit a light beam, and a photo transistor to detect when an object interrupts the beam. When the beam is interrupted, the circuit activates a relay to open the door. Components include a laser diode, photo transistor, transistors, integrated circuits, diode, relay, piezoelectric sensor and motor. The document provides details on each component and its specifications and characteristics. The laser guided door opener could provide contactless activation of doors for applications like warehouses or cleanrooms.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Formati disponibili
Scarica in formato DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
5. TRANSISTORS BC 337 02 BC 547 02 BC 557 01 6. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS CD 4001 01 CD 4538 01 LM 7805 01 7. RELAY 01 8. PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSOR 01 9. MOTOR 01 10. RESISTORS
11. CAPACITORS
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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CHAPTER 5
DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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5.1. LASER DIODE: Features: 1. It is compact in size. 2. High efficiency up to 50%. 3. It enables low electrical power compared to other lasers. 4. Small beam waist. 5. low cost due to mass production and high reliability.
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LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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5.2: PHOTO transistor l1:
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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Transistors: Bc 337 :
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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Bc 547 and bc 557:
BC557: FEATURES: - Low current (max. 100 mA) - Low voltage (max. 65 V).
APPLICATIONS: - General purpose switching and amplification.
DESCRIPTION PNP transistor in a TO-92; SOT54 plastic package. NPN complements:BC546 and BC547.
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BC547:
FEATURES Low current (max. 100 mA) Low voltage (max. 65 V).
APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification.
DESCRIPTION NPN transistor in a TO-92; SOT54 plastic package. PNP complements: BC556 and BC557 LIMITING VALUES: Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit V CBO
Collector base voltage BC546 BC547 Open emitter - 80 50 V V VCEO Collector emitter voltage BC546 BC547 Open base - 65 45 V V LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
Department: EEE, SITE, TIRUPATI. Page 17
VEBO Emitter base voltage BC546 BC547 Open collector - 6 6 V V IC Collector current (DC)
- 100 mA ICM Peak collector current
- 200 mA IBM Peak base current
- 200 mA
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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5.4. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS: CD 4001:
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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CD 4538:
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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IC -LM 7805:
Features: 1. Output current up to 1A. 2. Output voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24v. 3. Thermal Overload Protection. 4. Short Circuit Protection. 5. Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection.
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DIODE: IN 4001: Features : 1 Diffused Junction. 2. High Current Capability and Low Forward voltage drop. 3. Surge Overload Rating to 30A Peak. 4. Low Reverse Leakage Current. 5. Plastic Material: UL Flammability. 6. Classification Rating 94V-0. Mechanical Data:
5. Weight: DO-41 0.30 grams (approx) A-405 0.20 grams (approx) 6. Mounting Position: Any 7.Marking: Type Number.
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
Department: EEE, SITE, TIRUPATI. Page 22
Thermal Characteristics:
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Units
PD
Power Dissipation
3.0
W
R\JA
Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient
50
C/W
Electrical Characteristics: symbol Parameter
Value Units VF Forward Voltage @ 1.0 A 1.1 v Irr
Maximum Full Load Reverse Current, Full Cycle TA = 75C
30 A IR
Reverse Current @ rated VR TA = 25C TA = 100C
5.0 500
A A CT
Total Capacitance VR = 4.0 V, f = 1.0 MHz
15 pF
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6. RELAY:
LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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LASER GUIDED DOOR OPENER.
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7.PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSOR:
A piezoelectric disk generates a voltage when deformed (change in shape is greatly exaggerated) A piezoelectric sensor is a device that uses the piezoelectric effect to measure pressure, acceleration, strain or force by converting them to an electrical charge. Two main groups of materials are used for piezoelectric sensors: piezoelectric ceramics and single crystal materials. The ceramic materials (such as PZT ceramic) have a piezoelectric constant / sensitivity that is roughly two orders of magnitude higher than those of the natural single crystal materials and can be produced by inexpensive sintering processes FEATURES: Principle Strain Sensitivity [V/*] Threshold [*] Span to threshold ratio Piezoelectric 5.0 0.00001 100,000,000 Piezo resistive 0.0001 0.0001 2,500,000 Inductive 0.001 0.0005 2,000,000 Capacitive 0.005 0.0001 750,000
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APPLICATIONS: 1. Piezo electric disk used as a guitar pickup. 2. They are used for quality assurance, process control and for research and development in many different industries. 3. It is also used in various applications i.e., in medical, aerospace, nuclear instrumentation, and as a pressure sensor in the touch pads of mobile phones. 4. In the automotive industry, piezoelectric elements are used to monitor combustion when developing internal combustion engines. Electrical properties:
Fig: Schematic symbol and electronic model of a piezoelectric sensor. A piezoelectric transducer has very high DC output impedance and can be modeled as a proportional voltage source and filter network. The voltage V at the source is directly proportional to the applied force, pressure, or strain.The output signal is then related to this mechanical force as if it had passed through the equivalent circuit.
Fig: Frequency response of a piezoelectric sensor; output voltage vs applied force.