MEDICAL TERMINOLOGIES WORD

Ablation Acidosis Adventitia Alveoli Amyloidosis

PRONUNCIATION
ah-BLAY-shun ass-i-DOH-sis ad-ven-TISH-ah al-VEE-o-li am-i-loy-DOE-sis

MEANING
elimination or removal build-up of acid in the blood outer layer in the wall of an artery air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged rare condition in which certain blood cells produce excessive protein deposits in the tissues. If the deposits are in the heart, heart failure can result connection of two vessels or conduits a bulge in a blood vessel's wall, which can weaken the vessel to the point where it eventually tears, causing rapid, sometimes fatal blood loss chest pain or discomfort caused by too little blood flow in the coronary arteries to meet the oxygen needs of the heart muscle X-ray picture of any arteries or veins a diagnostic test in which a catheter is inserted through a small incision in a blood vessel in the groin or wrist and guided up into a heart artery; a dye is then be injected through the catheter to trace the blood flow in the artery so blockages can be detected method for taking X-ray pictures of the coronary arteries a surgical procedure used to open a partly blocked blood vessel by passing a balloon catheter through a small incision in a blood vessel in the groin or wrist, and then up along the vessel to the site of the blockage, where the tip of the catheter is inflated to push aside the blockage; often done immediately after angiography using the same catheter the ring around a heart valve where the valve leaflet merges with the heart muscle front medication that keeps blood from clotting; blood thinner the artery carrying oxygen-containing blood from the heart itself out to the body valve valve between the left ventricle and the aorta APGAR A score is given for each sign (Activity, Pulse, Grimace, Appearance, Respiration) at one minute and five minutes after the birth. If there are problems with the baby an additional score is given at 10 minutes. A score of 7-10 is considered normal, while 4-7 might require some resuscitative

Anastomosis Aneurysm

an-ass-ti-MOE-sis AN-yu-riz-em

Angina pectoris

an-JI-nah or AN-ji-nah pekTOR-is AN-jee-o-gram an-jee-AHG-ra-fee

Angiogram Angiography

Angioplasty

AN-jee-o-plas-tee

Annulus

AN-yu-lus

Anterior Anticoagulant Aorta Aortic valve

an-TIR-e-er an-ti-co-AG-u-lant ay-OR-tah ay-OR-tik

Arrhythmia

ah-RITH-mee-ah

Arteriogram

ar-TEER-e-o-gram

Arteriole Arteriosclerosis

ar-TEER-ee-ole ar-TEER-ee-o-skla-ROE-sis

Arteritis Artery Ascending aorta Ascites Aspiration Asymptomatic Atherectomy

art-ah-WRITE-us ART-er-ee ah-SEN-ding ay-OR-tah uh-SIGH-teez ass-per-AY-shun ay-simp-to-MAT-ic a-ther-EK-toh-mee

measures, and a baby with APGARs of 3 and below requires immediate resuscitation. an abnormal rhythm of the heart (too slow, too fast, or uneven), which can cause the heart to pump less effectively angiogram (x-ray) of arteries; a coronary arteriogram is an angiogram of the coronary arteries smaller branch of an artery a chronic disease in which there is abnormal thickening and hardening of the artery walls, causing arteries to lose their ability to stretch and contract inflammation of arteries a blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart to the body or lungs the first part of the aorta that emerges from the left ventricle buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity removal of fluid by suction showing no symptoms surgical removal of plaque deposits inside an artery done by threading a catheter with a rotating cutting blade through an artery to the point of the blockage and using the blade to shave away the plaque a form of arteriosclerosis in which there are abnormal fatty deposits in the inner layer of an artery that can interfere with blood flow absence or non-development of a valve (e.g. pulmonary atresia is absence of the pulmonary valve) very rapid uncoordinated contractions of the atria of the heart surgical removal of the wall between the right and left atria between the atria and ventricles Atrioventricular block block of the electrical signal between the atria and ventricles. Plural = atria one of the two upper chamber of the heart that receive blood from the veins and pump it into a ventricle Giving one's own blood in advance of surgery to be used for transfusions if needed AV node Atrioventricular node cluster of cells between the atria and ventricles that slows the electrical current of the heart rhythm as it passes through to the ventricles

Atherosclerosis

ath-e-roe-skleh-ROE-sis

Atresia

ah-TREE-zhia

Atrial fibrillation Atrial Septectomy Atrioventricular

AY-tree-al fill-i-BRAY-shun AY-tree-al sep-TEK-toe-me ay-tree-o-ven-TRIK-yu-lar

Atrium

AY-tree-um

Autologous donation

ah-TOL-oh-gus

Bacterial Endocarditis Betadine Bicuspid Cannulation Capillaries

en-doe-car-DIE-tus BAY-ta-dine by-CUS-pid can-u-LAY-shun) KAP-ih-ler-ees

An infection of the lining of the inside of the heart or the heart valves. an orange-colored skin disinfectant Having two leaflets (or flaps). inserting a tube into a duct, cavity, or vessel smallest blood vessels connecting arteries and veins where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged for waste products Cardiac output the amount of blood the heart pumps through the circulatory system in 1 minute (stroke volume multiplied by heart rate) abnormal enlargement of the heart abnormal conditions of the heart muscle, including hypertrophy of cardiac muscle, enlargement of the heart, and/or rigidity and loss of flexibility of the heart walls, and which are not associated with other heart defects or caused by a birth defect, coronary atherosclerosis, valve problems, or high blood pressure having to do with the heart and lungs method by which a machine takes over the function of the heart and lungs so the heart can be stopped for surgery use of rescue breathing and chest compressions to supply oxygen and blood to a person whose heartbeat and breathing have stopped cardiovascular disease disease of the heart and blood vessels that nourish the heart An electrical shock is applied to the chest to convert an abnormal heartbeat to normal. In addition to that, the medical team will give the patient drugs to help him/her relax and forget about the procedure. arteries main arteries supplying blood to the head long, thin flexible, hollow tube inserted through an incision or needle prick into blood vessels, or through openings in the body Any procedure in which a catheter is inserted into the body; it can be used to assess the condition of coronary arteries, valves, and heart muscle and to open blocked arteries and reshape heart valves. a clot that travels through blood vessels from the site where it formed and blocks blood flow in the brain Bleeding into the brain CHF Congestive Heart Failure CHF is a condition in which the heart is unable to circulate enough oxygenated blood

Cardiomegaly Cardiomyopathy

car-dee-oh-MEG-a-lee kar-dee-oh-my-OP-ah-thee

Cardiopulmonary Cardiopulmonary bypass Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

car-dee-oh-PUL-muh-nar-ee car-dee-oh-PUL-mah-ner-ee BY-pass car-dee-oh-PUL-mah-ner-ee ree-suss-ih-TAY-shun

Cardioversion

car-dee-o-VER-zhun

Carotid Catheter

ka-RAH-tid KATH-et-er

Catheterization

kath-et-er-ih-ZA-shun

Cerebral embolism

seh-REE-bral EM-boe-liz-em

Cerebral hemorrhage

seh-REE-bral HEH-mor-ij

Chordae tendineae

KOR-dee ten-DIN-eeah

Claudication

claw-dih-KAY-shun

Coarctation

co-ark-TAY-shun

Collateral

ko-LAT-er-al

Compensatory

com-PEN-sah-tor-ee

Cyanosis Defibrillation Defibrillator

sigh-ah-NO-sis dee-fih-brih-LAY-shun dee-FIH-brih-lay-tor

Deoxygenated Dextrocardia

dee-OX-ee-jen-ay-ted dex-tro-CAR-dee-ah

to the body because it's not pumping strongly. This inefficient pumping causes the blood to back up in the veins. The body then retains fluids. strong chords that stretch from the tricuspid and mitral valve edges to the heart muscle and restrict how far the valve leaflets swing when they close limb pain or tiredness due to inadequate oxygen supply to the muscles; caused by narrowed arteries narrowing of a blood vessel; usually referring to the aorta Coil stainless steel device permanently placed in extra blood vessels going into the lungs, in order to block blood flow vessels extra, small, secondary (accessory) blood vessels that develop to bypass narrowed or blocked veins or arteries on the heart Pause after a premature contraction, the heart waits a little longer before it beats Conduction system special muscle fibers that conduct electrical impulses throughout the muscle of the heart Conduction velocity the speed with which an electrical impulse transmits through the tissue in the heart Congestive heart failure (also called heart failure, CHF) condition caused when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body. bluish coloring of skin, nails, lips, or tongue due to lack of oxygen-rich blood electrical shock applied to the chest to stop fibrillation machine used to deliver an electrical shock to the chest to stop fibrillation; it may be internal (implanted) or external without much oxygen Dextrocardia litterally means "heart on the right". If the developing heart tube bends to the left instead of the right, then the heart is displaced to the right and develops in a mirror image of its normal state relaxation phase of the heartbeat allowing heart chambers to refill diastolic pressure the lower of the two numbers used to measure blood pressure. a medicine used to increase urine output shortness of breath

Diastole

die-ASS-toe-lee

Diuretic Dyspnea

die-ur-EH-tik DISP-nee-a

Echocardiography Edema (eh-DEEM-a) Effusion

eh-ko-kar-dee-OG-ra-fee

use of ultrasound to "look" directly at the heart without penetrating the skin a buildup of fluid in body tissues, causing swelling and other problems the escape of a fluid from anatomical vessels by rupture or exudation Ejection fraction the portion of blood that is pumped out of a filled ventricle (normal is 50 percent or more) recording of the electrical activity of the heart inflammation of the membrane that lines the chambers and valves of the heart, usually caused by an infection of the valve smooth membrane covering the inside surfaces of the heart a layer of cells on the inner surface of the blood vessels tube tube inserted into the trachea (windpipe) to allow assisted breathing with a ventilator thin membrane covering the outside surface of the heart muscle an opening or window made in surgery Fenestrated Fontan a version of the Fontan procedure which utilizes a fenestration to serves as a pop-off valve in order to relieve pressure in the heart Fetal Arrhythmias transient fetal cardiac rhythm disturbances are not uncommon during pregnancy rapid, irregular, contractions of the muscle fibers of the heart resulting in a lack of coordination between atria and ventricles; causes an ineffective heartbeat use of X-rays to see motion, as opposed to still X-ray films Flutter rapid, ineffective beating of a heart chamber, but more coordinated than fibrillation Fontan Procedure. a defect in iron metabolism that permits iron to build up in the body information about blood flow and pressures having to do with the liver Heterotaxy syndome involves abnormal organ placement in the body, including the heart. Oftentimes, the liver is in the midline, the stomach and heart may be on the right side, and the splenic tissue may be multiple (polysplenia syndrome) or absent (asplenia syndrome). monitor a portable device that continuously records the heart's electrical activity; can be worn at home during daily activities to detect fleeting episodes of faulty heart rhythms an amino acid of animal origin that, when

eh-FEW-zhun

Electrocardiogram Endocarditis

ee-lek-troe-KAR-dee-o-gram en-doe-kard-EYE-tis

Endocardium Endothelium Endotracheal Epicardium Fenestration

en-doe-CARD-ee-um en-doe-THEE-lee-um en-doe-TRAY-kee-al eh-pih-KAR-dee-um fen-iss-TRAY-shun

fibrillation

fih-brih-LAY-shun

Fluoroscopy (flur-OSko-pee

Hemochromatosis Hemodynamics Hepatic Heterotaxy

hee-mo-kro-mah-TOE-sis (hee-mo-die-NA-mics heh-PAT-ic HET-er-oh-tax-ee

Holter monitor

HOLE-ter

Homocysteine

ho-mo-SIS-teen

Hypertension Hypertensive Hypertrophy Hypoperfusion Hypoplastic Hypotension Immunosuppressant

hi-per-TEN-shun hi-per-TEN-siv HI-per-tro-fee hi-po-per-FEW-zhun hi-po-PLA-stic hi-po-TEN-shun im-yu-no-suh-PRESS-ant

Ischemia

is-KEE-mee-a

Jugular veins Korotkoff sounds

JUG-yu-lar ko-ROT-kof

Lumen

LU-men

Mitral valve

MY-tral

Myocardial infarction Myocarditis Myocardium

myo-Kar-dee-al in-FARK-shun my-o-kard-EYE tis my-o-KAR-dee um

present in excess, has been shown to cause blockages in the blood vessels that supply the heart high blood pressure having high blood pressure abnormal enlargement. poor blood flow to body tissues underformed with lack of normal function low blood pressure. a medicine used to prevent transplant organ rejection which somewhat lowers the bodys ability to fight disease infarct an area of tissue death in an organ (such as the heart) caused by blockage of the blood vessel that supplies oxygen and nutrients Inferior below Intubation placement of a breathing tube in the windpipe lack of oxygen in body tissue (usually the heart or brain) caused by blockage or damage to the artery carrying oxygen-rich blood to that part of the body I.V. Intravenous within a vein; veins that carry blood back from the head to the heart sounds made by the pulse that are heard when a blood pressure is taken Lasix a diuretic Left heart failure blood flow to the body is decreased and fluid accumulates in the lungs Ligated tied off the channel within blood vessels in which blood flows Lung scanning a test designed to assess the circulation and air flow through the lungs valve between the left atrium and left ventricle MRI magnetic resonance imaging uses magnetic fields and radio waves to construct images of internal body structures Murmur sounds made by turbulent blood moving through the chambers and valves of the heart or through the blood vessels near the heart usually signifying an abnormality of blood flow caused by a structural defect in the heart or valves heart attack; an area of heart tissue dies because its blood supply is blocked inflammation of the heart muscle the middle, muscular layer of the heart wall N.P.O. these letters stand for nothing by mouth (in Latin). When you are N.P.O., you cannot eat or drink for a certain amount of time dead areas of tissue NG Tube nasogastric tube

Necrosis

neh-KROE-sis

Nuclear scanning

heart NU-klee-ar

Occlusion Orthopnea Orthostatic hypotension

oh-KLU-zhun or-THOP-nee-a or-thoe-STAT-ik hy-poe-TENshun

Palliative

PAL-e-at-iv

Palpitations Patent Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty Perfusion Perfusion scanning Pericardiectomy Pericardiocentesis Pericarditis

pal-pi-TAY-shuns PAY-tent per-kew-TAY-nee-us transLUE-mih-nal KO-ro-nair-ee AN-jee-o-plas-tee pur-FEW-zhun pur-FEW-zhun pair-ih-kar-dee-EK-tah-mee pair-ih-kar-dee-o-sen-TEE-sis pair-ih-kard-EYE-tis

a tube placed through the nose and ending in the stomach, used for feedings normal sinus rhythm the rhythm of a healthy heartbeat, produced by electrical impulses that start in the sinoatrial node of the heart, measured by an electrocardiogram . test used to show features o heart function and blood flow; it involves injection of radioactive material ("tracers") into the bloodstream total blockage of a blood vessel difficulty breathing except in an upright position (ortho means "straight" or "upright") low blood pressure upon standing that may lead to light-headedness or passing out pacemaker a small device implanted under the skin (usually in the shoulder area) to regulate the heartbeat treatment and/or an operation that does not cure a problem but makes adjustments to improve the situation uncomfortable sensations of your heartbeat in your chest open PTCA the use of catheters to reopen obstructed coronary arteries circulation of blood through organs or tissues scanning This is a test that produces an image of the heart muscle with radioactive tracers. removal of the pericardium withdrawing excess fluid This is an inflammation of the pericardium. It can be caused by an infection, by severe kidney disease, by a myocardial infarction (heart attack) or by several other disorders. the sac or membrane surrounding the heart refers to time period before and after an operation PFO patent foramen ovale an opening in the wall between the upper two chambers of the heart that is present at birth, but doesn't close completely. PET scanning investigational imaging technique used for measuring blood flow and the metabolism of the tissues of the body, including the heart back or rear PPH primary pulmonary hypertension The blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries is abnormally high, resulting in damage to the small arteries in the body, over-development of the heart, and often kidney damage Premature contraction

Pericardium Perioperative

pair-ih-KAR-dee-um pair-ih-OP-er-a-tiv

Positron Emission PA-zih-tron ee-MIH-shun tohTomagraphy MAH-gra-fee

Posterior

post-EAR-i-or

Prophylaxis Prothrombin time test

pro-fi-LAX-iss pro-THROM-bin

Proximal Pulmonary Pulmonary Arteries

PROX-i-mal PUL-mah-nair-ee PUL-mah-nair-ee

Pulmonary edema Pulmonary valve Pulmonary vein

PUL-mah-nair-ee eh-DEEmah PUL-mah-nair-ee PUL-mah-nair-ee

a preventive measure (e.g., to prevent infection or disease) () test that measures the activity of certain clotting factors; it is often used to determine whether a person is receiving the correct dose of the anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin) closer to the heart PTCA having to do with the lungs blood vessel that carries blue (deoxygenated) blood to the lungs from the right ventricle in the normal heart fluid buildup in the lungs valve valve at the opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery vein blood vessel that carries red (newly oxygenated) blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart SEE pulmonary valve a machine that uses light to measure the amount of oxygen the blood is carrying through your body Radio frequency ablation (RFA) a technique utilizing radio energy (using a wire placed through a catheter in the heart) to kill off heart tissue to prevent or treat arrhythmias a test used to determine the size and shape of the hearts pumping chambers, the ventricles a condition in which blood leaks backwards through heart valves that do not close fully; also called leakage Rejection the bodys refusal to tolerate a donor organ leading to the organs failure having to do with the kidneys return of normal blood flow after a period of poor blood flow the process by which the heart is restored to its electrical resting state between heart beats fever inflammatory illness that sometimes follows strep throat and may damage the heart valves Right heart failure decreased blood flow resulting in swelling in the legs and abdominal organs, including the liver a catheter with a hard tip which rotates at 2000 rpm to pulverize plaque deposits during atherectomy hole in the wall separating the atria or in the wall separating the ventricles wall separating the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles Shunt connection allowing abnormal blood flow between two

pulmonic valve Pulse Oximeter

pul-MON-ic ock-SIM-i-ter

Radionucleotide ventriculography Regurgitation

ray-dee-o-NU-klee-o-tide ven-trik-u-LOG-ra-fee re-gurge-i-TAY-shun

Renal Reperfusion Repolarization Rheumatic Fever

REE-nal ree-per-FEW-zhun ree-pole-er-i-ZAY-shun rue-MAT-ik

Rotoblator

RO-toe-blay-der

Septal defect Septum

SEP-tal SEP-tum

Silent ischemia

is-KEE-mee-a

Sinoatrial node

si-no-AY-tree-al

Stable angina Stenosis

an-JI-nah or AN-ji-nah steh-NO-sis

Sternotomy ster-NAH-tah-mee Strain gauge ple-thiz-MOG-ra-fee plethysmography

Superior Superior vena cava

su-PEER-ee-or VEE-na CAY-va

Systemic Systole Systolic pressure

sis-TEM-ic SIS-toe-lee sis-TAHL-ic

Tachycardia Tachypnea Tamponade

tack-eh-KAR-dee-ah ta-KIP-nee-ah tam-pon-ODD

Thrombolysis Thrombolytic agents Thrombophlebitis Thrombosis Transcutaneous oximetry transesophageal

throm-bol-LIE-sis throm-boe-LIH-tik throm-boe-fle-BY-tis throm-BOE-sis trans-kew-TAY-nee-us oks-IHmeh-tree trans-eh-sof-ah-JEE-al

locations Sick sinus syndrome This is the failure of the sinus node to perform its normal function of regulating the heartbeat. It often results in periods of fast heartbeat and periods of slow heartbeat. insufficient amounts of blood and oxygen reach portions of the heart muscle, but angina is not produced Sinus node a small mass of tissue that is embedded in the right atrium of the heart, and that originates the electrical impulses that stimulate the heartbeat myocardial ischemia and with a predictable pattern stent a stainless steel mesh tube placed inside an artery to hold it open after angioplasty has pushed aside a blockage incision down the breastbone a test used to evaluate how efficiently blood is flowing through a leg artery stress test a test of heart function measured before, during, and after a period of increasingly strenuous exercise. above large vein returning blood from the upper body to the right atrium in the normal heart Swan-Ganz catheter a monitoring catheter having to do with the body the contraction phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle squeezes the higher of the two numbers used to measure the blood pressure; indicates pressure as the heart contracts rapid heartbeat rapid breathing excess fluid in the pericardium prevents the heart from expanding enough during diastole to fill sufficiently Thrills vibrations in the chest from abnormal blood flow use medication to dissolve blood clots agents drugs that dissolve clots clotting of blood and inflammation in a vein, most commonly in a leg This is a blood clot that forms within a blood vessel. measurement of the amount of oxygen in a region of skin with a special patch attached to the skin across the esophagus

Transesophageal echocardiography

trans-eh-sof-ah-JEE-al eckoh-car-dee-OG-ra-fee

echocardiography in which a transducer is placed in the esophagus to gain clearer images of the heart temporary lack of circulation to part of the brain causing stroke-like symptoms through the chest wall valve valve between the right atrium and ventricle new or increasing angina valve parts of the heart and veins that act like doors to keep blood from flowing backwards. reshaping of a heart valve with surgical or catheter techniques chest pain caused by spasm of the muscle encircling the coronary arteries abnormally dilated veins an abnormally widened and lengthened vein or artery; for example, a varicose vein blood vessels; arteries and veins medications that widen or dilate the arteries drugs that elevate blood pressure Vein a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart from the body or lungs angiogram of veins one of two large lower pumping chambers of the heart Ventricle Inversion congenital reversal of the right and left ventricles very rapid, uncoordinated, fluttering contractions of the ventricles of the heart a very rapid, dangerous heartbeat that is stimulated by faulty electrical impulses within the ventricles, leaving them unable to pump blood to the rest of the body condition in which an extra electrical pathway connects the atria and ventricles; it may cause a rapid heartbeat Abbreviation on a medication that indicates SOS A sex chromosome found in both females and males. The phenomenon in a female by which one X chromosome (either the maternally or paternally derived X) is randomly (by chance) inactivated in an early embryonic cell, with fixed inactivation of that same X in all cells descended from that cell. A coagulation factor, a substance in blood essential to the normal clotting process.

Transient ischemic TRANS-ee-ant iss-KEY-mic attack TIA Transthoracic trans-thor-ASS-ic Tricuspid valve try-KUS-pid Unstable angina an-JI-nah or AN-ji-nah

Valvuloplasty Variant angina Varicose veins Varix Vascular system Vasodilators Vasopressors

VAL-vue-lo-plas-tee VAIR-ee-ant an-JI-nah or ANji-nah VAIR-ih-cose VAIR-icks VAS-cue-lar vay-so-DIE-lay-tors vay-so-PRES-ors

Venogram Ventricle

VEN-oh-gram VEN-trih-kel

Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular tachycardia

ven-TRIK-u-lar fib-ri-LAY-shun ven-TRIK-u-lar tack-i-CARdee-ah

Wolff-ParkinsonWhite syndrome

X (drug caution code) X chromosome X inactivation

X-factor

X-linked X-linked juvenile retinoschisis X-linked retinoschisis X-ray X-ray crystallography Xanthelasma

On the X chromosome See: Juvenile retinoschisis. See: Juvenile retinoschisis. High-energy radiation with waves shorter than those of visible light. The use of X-rays of known wavelength to learn the structure of any crystalline material Tiny (1-2 mm) yellowish plaques that are slightly raised on the skin surface of the upper or lower eyelids. A substance found in caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline and encountered in tea, coffee, and the colas. Chemically, xanthine is a purine. Abnormal dryness of the skin (xeroderma), of the conjunctiva of the eye (xerophthalmia), or of the mucous membranes such as dry mouth (xerostomia). A pointed cartilage attached to the lower end of the breastbone or sternum, the smallest and lowest division of the sternum. Xeroderma pigmentosum The sex chromosome complement of a normal human female. See also X chromosome. The symbol for the element yttrium, an ultrarare metal named after Ytterby in southern Sweden. The Y chromosome, the sex chromosome found in normal males, together with an X chromosome.
A brilliantly fluorescent body seen under the microscope in cells containing a Y chromosome when the cells are stained with the dye quinacrine. The sex chromosome found together with an X chromosome in most normal males. Male infertility with oligozoospermia (a subnormal number of sperm) or azoospermia (the absence of sperm) caused by deletion or rearrangement of the long arm of the Y chromosome, as demonstrated by chromosome analysis or by molecular studies which may show microdeletions (of region AZFa, AZFb, or AZFc) of the Y chromosome. A region on the Y chromosome that determines the sex of the individual. The presence of a gene on the Y chromosome. A gene on the Y chromosome.

Xanthine

Xerosis

Xiphoid process

XP XX
Y (in chemistry)-

Y (in genetics)

Y chromatin

Y chromosome Y chromosome infertility

Y sex-determining region Y-linkage Y-linked

Y-linked inheritance YAC

Inheritance of genes on the Y chromosome stands for yeast artificial chromosome, a vector (carrier) created and used in the laboratory to clone pieces of DNA. The use of a YAG (yttrium-aluminumgarnet) laser to do surgery. Involuntary opening of the mouth, often caused by suggestion. Yawning is characterized by breathing first inward, then outward. Involuntary opening of the mouth with respiration, breathing first inward, then outward. Yawning is often caused by the power of suggestion. A common chronic infectious disease that occurs mainly in the warm humid regions of the tropics with characteristic bumps on the skin of the face, hands, feet and genital area. A group of single-celled fungi that reproduce by budding. A vector (carrier) created and used in the laboratory to clone pieces of DNA. A slightly raised pink-to-red rash caused by proliferation of yeast, usually in a moist area such as the groin. The yeast Candida has been thought to cause a syndrome with a number of nonspecific problems including fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, short-attention span, depression and all manner of intestinal irregularities. Infection of the vagina by a fungus known as Candida, characteristically causing itching, burning, soreness, pain during intercourse and urination, and vaginal discharge. A yeast infection of the external genital organs of the female (the vulva). The vulva includes the labia, clitoris, and the entrance (the "vestibule") to the vagina. A key respiratory enzyme discovered by the German biochemist Otto Heinrich Warburg (1883-1970), a pioneer in research on the respiration of cells and the metabolism of tumors. An acute systemic (bodywide) illness caused by a virus called a Flavivirus. A live attenuated (weakened) viral vaccine that is recommended for people traveling to or living in tropical areas in the Americas and Africa where yellow fever occurs The flag displayed from lazarettos, naval hospitals, and vessels in quarantine. A sting from a yellow jacket can trigger allergic reactions ranging from local responses of limited duration to catastrophic

YAG laser surgery

Yawn

Yawning

Yaws

Yeast Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) Yeast rash

Yeast syndrome

Yeast Vaginitis

Yeast vulvitis

Yellow enzyme, Warburg's

Yellow fever Yellow vaccination fever

Yellow jack Yellow jacket sting

Yerba mate

Yersinia Yersinia enterocolitica

Yersiniosis

Yoga Yogurt

Yolk sac

general reactions which can be fatal A stimulant beverage similar to tea, very popular in South America, brewed from the dried leaves and stemlets of a member of the holly family known botanically as Ilex paraguayensis. A group of bacteria that appear rod-like under the microscope A bacterium that causes an infectious disease called yersiniosis. Yersinia enterocolitica is a member of the Yersinia family of bacteria. An infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Yersiniaenterocolitica (and, less often, other forms of Yersinia). A way of life that includes ethical precepts, dietary prescriptions, and physical exercise. A common dish made of milk curdled and fermented with a culture of Lactobacillus (the milk bacillus). The yolk sac serves as an early site for the formation of blood and in time is incorporated into the primitive gut of the embryo. A narrow tube present in the early embryo that connects the midgut of the embryo to the yolk sac outside the embryo through the umbilical opening. The time between childhood and maturity. A rare elemental metal. A radioactive form of yttrium is used in radiation therapy and some types of immunotherapy.
A hypnotic sedative, closely related to benzodiazepines, which affects the central nervous system. Sacs that form in the esophagus due to an increase in pressure either inside it or around it. Also referred to as Cerebrohepatorenal Syndrome, this is a hereditary disorder wherein there is an absence or reduction of peroxisomes - cell structures that help the body to get rid of toxic matter - in the cells of the brain, liver, and kidneys. Formerly known as Azidothymidine, or AZT, this is a drug used for treating AIDS. Also referred to a Brill-Zinsser disease, it is a recrudescence of the epidemic form of typhus long after the first attack. Rickettsia prowazekii, which is the bacteria that causes typhus, can remain dormant for a number of years, and get reactivated when the host's defenses are low, causing a recurrence of typhus. An infertility treatment which wherein the eggs are removed from the ovaries of a woman and fertilized with the sperm from either her partner or from a donor, in the

Yolk stalk

Youth Yttrium
Zaleplon Zenker's Diverticulum Zellweger Syndrome

Zidovudine Zinsser Disease

Zigote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT)

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Zolmitriptan Zoonosis:

Zygomycosis

laboratory. Then either one or more of these fertilized eggs are inserted into the fallopian tubes. This is a condition that is caused by a gastrinoma, which is a tumor, that usually occurs in the pancreas. The hormone gastrin is secreted by this tumor, which results in an increase in the production of gastric acid. This leads to recurrent and severe ulcers forming in the upper parts of the small intestine (the duodenum as well as the jejunum), the esophagus, and the stomach. A drug, which belongs to the tryptamine group of drugs, used for treating migraine A disease that occurs in animals which humans can get infected with. Some of these diseases are: rabies, transmitted by a bite form an infected animal; anthrax, which usually affects ruminants like sheep, cattle, horses, and goats, which humans can get by coming into contact with animals that are infected; psittacosis, an infection that is akin to influenza, which humans can get by coming in contact with the droppings of the birds infected by it. A dangerous disease which is spread by a water borne fungus.