GLOSSARY:

Adventitious roots: Roots, arising from any part of the plant, except the radicle.

Axillary bud: A bud, arising in the axil of a leaf.

Branching: The development and arrangement of branches on stem.

Bud: A compact underdeveloped shoot, containing shortened stems, immature leaves or floral parts.

Bulb: A condensed underground stem, bearing fleshy leaves.

Bulbil: The modified bud, storing food, becomes flashy and later on produces new plant, when separated from parent plant.

Compound leaf: A leaf, composed of a number of leaflets on a common stalk.

Corm: Solid swollen underground bulb-shaped stem or stem base, serving as a reproductive structure.

Cotyledon: The first leaf of the embryo of seed plants, usually simpler in structure and stores reserve food material.

Dicotyledons: The seeds, having two cotyledon.

Epiphytes: Plants, growing on the stem and branches of other plants, but do not absorbing food from them.

Lamina: The expanded and flattened portion of leaves.

Leaf: Flattened green structure, arising as lateral appendages from the stems or branches from the node, bearing a bud in its axil. Monocotyledons: The seeds, having only 1 cotyledon.

Phylloclade: A flattened stem, resembling and functioning as a leaf.

Phyllode: An expanded petiole, functioning as a leaf blade.

Phyllotaxy: The arrangement of leaves on the branches.

Plumule: The part of the germinating seed, giving rise to stems.

Prickles: The pointed, curved, sharp structures produced on the surface of stems in some plants.

Radicle: The part of the germinating seed that gives rise to root.

Root: The usually underground organ of plant that lacks buds or leaves or nodes, absorbs water and mineral salts and anchors the plant to the ground.

Root Pocket: Root cap, occurring as a loose covering in aquatic plants like Pistia.

Runner: A horizontal branch from the base of plant, producing new plants from buds at its tips.

Shoot system: The aerial part of the stems along with various branches.

Special meristem: A meristem, found at the tip of roots and stem.

Spine: A small sharp-pointed tip, resembling a spike on a stem or leaf, for the purpose of defense from grazing animals and excessive transpiration.

Stem: Generally aerial part of the plant along with various branches.

Stipule: A small leafy outgrowth at the base of a leaf or its stalk, usually occurring in pairs and shedding soon.

Stolon: Branches, arising from basal regions and growing obliquely like arches, able to produce new plants after coming in contact with ground. E.g. mint, Nephrolepis and strawberry.

Symbiosis: Organisms, co-existing for mutual benefit in a relationship.

Thorn: The apical or the axillary bud, developing into a sharp pointed structure in some plants.