Design of restrained steel beam to Eurocode 3 (EC3)

New terminologies Permanent Action (gk) - Dead Load (gk) Variable Action (qk) - Live Load (qk) Select the lightest suitable section in S275 steel required for a simply in S275 steel loaded by uniformly distributed loading UDL gk = 9 kN/m and qk = 7.5 kN/m as shown below. Point Load Gk = 10 kN and Qk = 15 kN placed mid span Assume that the beam is fully laterally restrained.

Step 1 Calculate the Design Action (FEd) For UDL

For Point Load

Step 2 Calculate the Design Bending Moment (MEd)

Step 3 Choose a suitable section size Calculate the Minimum Plastic Modulus (Wpl,y) about y-y axis (Horizontal Axis this is x-x axis in BS5950)

MEd = Design Bending Moment (Nmm) = 259.2 kNm = 259.2 x 106 Nmm

M0

= partial factor of safety for the resistance = 1.05 (this is a constant value)

fy = yield strength of the grade of steel = 275N/mm2 (for S275)

From Section tables (page 4 on handout Universal Beams) Use 356 x 171 x 57 UB Wpl,y = 1010 cm3 Step 4 Strength Classification FOR FLANGE ( )

FOR WEB ( )

for S275 steel t < 16mm (tf = 8.1) fy = 275 N/mm2 ( For Class 1 )

for S275 steel t < 16mm (tf = 8.1) fy = 275 N/mm2 ( For Class 1 )

from steel table, (page 3 of Handout Universal Beams) = 5.53 9 = 9 x 0.92 = 8.28 5.53 < 8.28 FLANGE is Class 1 PLASTIC Therefore Section is Class 1 (Plastic)

from steel table, (page 3 of Handout Universal Beams) = 38.5 72 = 72 x 0.92 = 66.24 38.5 < 66.24 WEB is Class 1 PLASTIC

Step 5 Check the resistance of the cross section to bending Show that: Mpl,Rd > MEd Mpl,Rd = resistance of cross section to bending MEd = design bending moment For Class 1 Sections

Wpl,y (plastic modulus about y-y axis from steel table, page 4) = 1010 cm3 = 1010 x 103 mm3 fy (for steel < 16mm)= 275 N/mm2 M0 = 1.05

MEd = 259.2kNm Since: Mpl,Rd (264.5 kNm) > MEd (259.2 kNm) The beam is satisfactory in bending

Step 6 Check the resistance of the cross section to shear Show that: Vpl,Rd > VEd Vpl,Rd = resistance of cross section to shear VEd = design shear force = ( )

Av (Shear area from steel table, page ) = 31.5 cm2 = 31.5 x 102 mm2 fy for steel < 16mm = 275 N/mm2 = 1.732

Since: Vpl,Rd (476.3 kN) > VEd (111.6 kN) The beam is satisfactory in shear

Step 7 Check the Deflection Show that: Maximum Permissible Deflection > Actual Deflection Max. Perm. Def. = Max. Perm. Def. = Max. Perm. Def. = 22.22 mm Act. Def. = qk (UDL) = 7.5 kN/m = 7.5 N/mm (remember, only use Variable Action (Live Load)) Qk (Point Load) = 15 kN = 15 x 103 N L = Span = 8 m = 8000 mm E (for steel) = 210 x 103 N/mm2 I = second moment of area about y-y axis (from steel table) = 16038 cm4 = 16038 x 104 mm4 Act. Def. =

Act. Def. = Act. Def. = 11.88 + 4.75 Act. Def. = 16.63 mm Since: Max. Perm. Def. (22.22) > Act. Def. (16.63) The beam is satisfactory is deflection