Mata Kuliah

Pengantar Ilmu Teknik Sipil

Created by :

Remi Mathriqa, ST. M.Sc

Satuan Acara Perkuliahan

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Introduction dan Perencanaan dalam Teknik Sipil Bidang Keilmuan Rekayasa Struktur Bidang Keilmuan Rekayasa Geoteknik Field Trip (Arkonin) Bidang Keilmuan Rekayasa Konstruksi Jalan Raya (TRI) Bidang Keilmuan Sumber Daya Air (TRI) Field Trip (Jaya Konstruksi) (Ujian Tengah Semester) Bidang Keilmuan Perencanaan Transportasi (FF) Bidang Keilmuan Manajemen Konstruksi (FF) Field Trip (Jaya CM) Distribusi Tugas Besar Field Trip (Jaya Mix) Review dan Presentasi Tugas Besar Field Trip ( Jaya Ancol/Dunia Fantasi) (Ujian Akhir Semester)

Evaluasi
Absensi dan Keaktifan (Quiz) 10 % 2. Tugas Besar 30 % 3. Ujian Tengah Semester 30 % 4. Ujian Akhir Semester 30 %
1.

I. Introduction to Civil Engineering

What is Civil Engineering ?

civil engineering, the profession of designing and executing structural works that serve the general public (J. Garth Watson, Secretary, Institution of Civil Engineers, London, 196779)
Why does the term of Civil is used?

The term of Civil was first used in the 18th century to distinguish the newly recognized profession from Military Engineering, which is the oldest engineering discipline.

 History of the civil engineering

Engineering has been an aspect of life since the beginnings of human existence. The earliest practices of Civil engineering may have commenced between 4000 and 2000 BC in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia The construction of Pyramids in Egypt (circa 2700-2500 BC) might be considered the first instances of large structure constructions.

Figure 1. Al Giza Pyramids

The Romans developed civil structures throughout their empire, including especially aqueducts, insula, harbours, bridges, dams and roads

Figure 2. Pont du Gard Aqueduct, France (left) and Ancient Rome Insula (right)

Was these constructions build by Civil Engineers?

 The first Civil Engineer

In the 18th century, the term civil engineering was used to distinguish all things related to civilian as opposed to military engineering. John Smeathon (1724 1792), the first man to call himself a civil engineer, who constructed the Eddystone Lighthouse, began his career as an instrument maker. Talented, if often self-taught, craftsmen, stonemasons, millwrights, toolmakers, and instrument makers became Civil Engineers. In Britain, James Brindley (1716 1772) began as a millwright and became the foremost canal builder of the century; John Rennie (1761-1821) was a millwrights apprentice who eventually built the new London Bridge; Thomas Telford (1757 1834), a stonemason, became Britains leading road builder.

Figure 3. Eddystone Lighthouse

Civil Engineering Today

Due to its wide coverage discipline area, Civil Engineering today is divided into several sub disciplines. The divisions of Civil Engineering can be varied in each country or University, but it mainly consist of :
Structural Engineering

Structural engineering is a field of engineering dealing with the analysis and design of structures that support or resist loads. Structural engineering is usually considered a specialty within civil engineering, but it can also be studied in its own right. Structural engineers are most commonly involved in the design of buildings and large non-building but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. Design considerations will include strength, stiffness, and stability of the structure when subjected to loads which may be static, such as furniture or self-weight, or dynamic, such as wind, seismic, crowd or vehicle loads, or transitory, such as temporary construction loads or impact. Other considerations include cost, constructability, safety, aesthetics and sustainability. Modern structural designers not only have advanced theories and readily available design data, but structural designs can now be analysed by computers.

 Water Resources Engineering

Water resources engineering is concerned with the collection and management of water. As a discipline it therefore combines hydrology, environmental science, meteorology, geology, conservation, and resource management. This area of civil engineering relates to the prediction and management of both the quality and the quantity of water in both underground (aquifers) and above ground (lakes, rivers, and streams) resources. This area of civil engineering is mostly related to the design of pipelines, water supply network, drainage facilities (including bridges, dams, channels and canals)
Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical engineering is an area of civil engineering concerned with the rock and soil that civil engineering systems are supported by. Knowledge from the fields of geology, material science and testing, mechanics, and hydraulic are applied by geotechnical engineers to safely and economically design foundations, retaining walls, and similar structures.

Construction Management

Construction engineering involves planning and execution of the designs from structural engineers, geotechnical engineers, water resources engineers and transportation. Construction Engineers primary concern is to deliver a project on time, with-in budget, and of the desired quality. Construction engineers are problem solvers, they help create infrastructure that best meets the unique demands of its environment. They must be able to understand infrastructure life cycles and have the perspective to solve technical challenges with clarity and imagination. Therefore individuals should have a strong understanding of math and science, but many other skills are required, including critical and analytical thinking, time management, people management and good communication skills.

Transportation Engineering

Transportation engineering is concerned with moving people and goods as efficiently, safely, economically and environment friendly as possible. This involves specifying, designing, constructing, and maintaining transportation infrastructure which includes streets, canals, highways, rail systems, airports, and mass transit. It covers areas such as transportation design, transportation planning, traffic engineering, and infrastructure management. Before any planning occurs the Engineer must take what is known as an inventory of the area or if it is appropriate, the previous system in place. This inventory or database must include information on (1)population, (2)land use, (3)economic activity, (4)transportation facilities and services, (5)travel patterns and volumes, (6)laws and ordinances, (7)regional financial resources, (8)community values and expectations.

Other sub disciplines of Civil Engineering

Surveying Environmental engineering Materials engineering Urban engineering

Earthquake engineering