ABSTRACT

H o lo g ra p h ic V e rsa tile D isc (H V D ) is a n o p tic a l d isc te c h n o lo g y still in th e re se a rc h sta g e w h ic h w o u ld in c re a se sto ra g e o v e r B lu e -ra y H Pisc Vnodp tic a l d isc sy ste m s. It e m p lo y s a te c h n iq u e k n o h onloagsra p,h y e a r D DaD w c o llin w h e re b y tw o rs o n e re d a n d o n e b lu e -g re e n , a retein a sin g le b e a m . T h e b lu e -g re e n la se r re a d s d a ta e n c o d e d a s la se , c o llim a d la se r in te rfe re n c e frin g e shfro m ra p hla y e r n e a r th e to p o f th e d isc w h ile th e re d la se r is u se d a s th e re fe re n c e b e a m a n d o lo g a ic

to re a d rv oin fo rm a tio n fro m a re g u la r C lu m in le m y e r n e a r th e b o tto m . S e rv o in fo rm a tio n is u se d to m o n ito r th e se a D -sty iu la p o sitio n o f th e re a d h e a d o v e r th e d isc , sim ila r to th e h e a d , tra c k , a n d se c to r in fo rm rdtio isk n rivceo nav e n tio n a l h a a d n o d .a O n C D oD V Dth is se rv o in fo rm a tio n is in te rsp e rse d a m o n g st th e d a ta . r A d ic h ro ic m irro r la y e r b e tw e e n th e h o lo g ra p h ic d a ta a n d th e se rv o d a ta re fle c ts th e b lu e -g re e n la se r w h ile le t re d la se r p a ss th ro u g h . T h is p re v e n ts in te rfere n c e fro m re fra c tio n o f th e b lu e -g re e n la se r o ff th e se rv o d a ta p its

a d v a n c e o v e r p a st h o lo g ra p h ic sto ra g e m e d ia , w h ic h e ith e r e x p e rie n c e d to o m u c h in te rfe re n c e , o r la c k e d th e se rv o d a t m a k in g th e m in c o m p a tib le w ith c u rre n t C D a n d D V D d riv e te c h n o lo g y .T h e se d isc s h a v e th e c a p a c ity to h o ld te ra b y te (T B ) o f in fo rm a tio n , w h ic h is a p p ro x im a te ly 6 ,0 0 0 tim e s th e c a p a c ity o f a C D -R O M , 8 3 0 tim e s th e c a p a c ity 1 6 0 tim e s th e c a p a c ity o f sin B le -la yye rD isc s d a b o u t 8 tim e s th e c a p a c ity o f sta n d a rd c o m p a steo fh a rd d riv e s g lu -ra , an u r 2 0 0 6 T h e H V D a lso h a s a tra n sfe r ra te o f 1 g ig a b it/s. O p tw a re is e x p e c te d to re le a se a 2 0 0 G B d isc in e a rly Ju n e 2 . M a x e ll in S e p te m b e r 2 0 0 6 w ith a c a p a c ity o f 3 0 0 G B a n d tra n sfe r ra te o f 2 0 M B /s.

1. INTRODUCTION

R e q u ire m e n ts fo r re m o v a b le m e d ia sto ra g e d e v ic e s (R M S D s) u se d w ith p e rso n a l c o m p u te rs h a v e c

sig n ific a n tly sin c e th e in tro d u c tio n o f th e flo p p y d isk in 1 9 7 1 . A t o n e tim e , d e sk to p c o m p u te rs d e p e n d e d o n flo p p y d i

o f th e ir sto ra g e re q u ire m e n ts. E v e n w ith th e a d v e n t o f m u lti G ig a b y te h a rd d riv e s a n d fa st In te rn e t c o n n e c tio n s, flo a n d o th e r R M S D s a re still a n in te g ra l p a rt o f m o st c o m p u te r sy ste m s, p ro v id in g :

t* T ra n sp o rt b e tw e e n c o m p u te rs fo r d a ta file s a n d so ftw a re

 B a c k u p to p re se rv e d a ta fro m th e h a rd d isk s. A w a y to lo a d th e o p e ra tin g sy ste m so ftw a re in th e e v e n t o f a h a rd -d riv e fa ilu re .

S o m e R M S D o p tio n s a v a ila b le to d a y a re a p p ro a c h in g th e p e rfo rm a n c e , c a p a c ity , a n d c o st o f h a rd -d isk C o n sid e ra tio n s fo r se le c tin g a n R M S D in c lu d e c a p a c ity , sp e e d , c o n v e n ie n c e , d u ra b ility , d a ta a v a ila b ility , a n d c o m p a tib ility . T e c h n o lo g y o p tio n s u se d to re ad a n d w rite d a ta in c lu d e :

 M a g n e tic fo rm a ts th a t u se m a g n e tic p a rtic le s a n d m ag n e tic fie ld s. > O p tic a l fo rm a ts th a t u se la se r lig h t a n d o p tic a l se n so rs.

M a g n e to -o p tic a l a n d m a g n e to -o p tic a l h y b rid s th a t u se a c o m b in a tio n o f m a g n e tic a n d o p tic a l p ro p e rtie s to i sto ra g e c a p a c ity .

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It /?

2. REMOVABLE MEDIA STORAGE DEVICES (RMSDs) L e t u s h a v e a g la n c e o n th e d iffe re n t R M S D s. 2.1 Floppy Disk: F lo p p y d isk d riv e s p ro v id e fa ste r d a ta a c c e ss b e c a u se th e y a c c e ss d a ta ra n d o m ly . F lo p p y d riv e s p ro v id e a n a v e sp e e d o f le ss th a n 1 0 0 m illise c o n d s (m s).

T h e 1 .4 4 -M B , 3 .5 -in c h flo p p y is u se fu l fo r sto rin g a n d b a c k in g u p sm a ll d a ta file s, c a n b e u se d to b o o t c o m p u t

h a s b e e n th e sta n d a rd fo r d a ta in te rc h a n g e b e tw e e n P C s. H o w e v e r it p ro v id e s o n ly a fra c tio n o f th e sto ra g e c a p a c ity r file s a n d m o st so ftw a re p ro g ra m s in u se to d a y . S to rin g d a ta o n flo p p y d riv e s a lso is slo w . D a ta tra n sfe r ra te s a v e M B /se c . 2.2 Optical Formats

O p tic a l R M S D fo rm a ts u se a la se r lig h t so u rc e to re a d a n d /o r w rite d ig ita l d a ta to d isc . C D a n d D V D a re tw o m a jo

C D s a n d D V D s h a v e sim ila r c o m p o sitio n s c o n sistin g o f a la b e l, a p ro te c tiv e la y e r, a re fle c tiv e la y e r (a lu m in u m , s d ig ita l-d a ta la y e r m o ld e d in p o ly c a rb o n a te , a n d a th ic k p o ly c a rb o n a te b o tto m la y e r.

Holographic Versatile Disc

Label layer

Reflective

Top of disc

Protective layer

Bottom Of disc Polycarbonate layer

Digitaldata layer
layer

Optical Disk Composition

Holographic Versatile Disc

C D fo rm a ts in c lu d e :

C o m p a c t d isc -re a d o n ly m e m o ry (C D -R O M ) C o m p a c t d isc -re c o rd a b le (C D -R ) C o m p a c t d isc -re w rita b le (C D -R W )

D V D fo rm a ts in c lu d e :

D ig ita l v e rsa tile d isc -re a d o n ly m e m o ry (D V D -R O M )

Holographic Versatile Disc

D ig ita l v e rsa tile d isc -re c o rd a b le (D V D -R ) D V D -R A M (re w rita b le ) D ig ita l v e rsa tile d isc -re w rita b le (D V D - R W ) + R W (re w rita b le )

2.3 CD-ROM

C D -R O M S ta n d a rd w a s e sta b lish e d in 1 9 8 4 .T h e y q u ic k ly e v o lv e d in to a lo w c o st d ig ita l sto ra g e o p tio n b e c C D -a u d io in d u stry

Holographic Versatile Disc

D a ta b its a re p e rm a n e n tly sto re d o n a C D a s a sp ira l tra c k o f p h y sic a lly m o ld e d p its in th e su rfa c e o f a p la s

la y e r th a t is c o a te d w ith re fle c tiv e a lu m in u m . S m o o th a re a s su rro u n d in g p its a re c a lle d la n d s. C D s a re e x tre m e l b e c a u se th e o p tic a l p ic k u p (la se r lig h t so u rc e , le n se s a n d o p tic a l e le m e n ts, p h o to e le c tric se n so rs, a n d a m p lifie rs) n e v

th e d isc . B e c a u se d a ta is re a d th ro u g h th e th ic k b o tto m la y e r, m o st sc ra tc h e s a n d d u st o n th e d isc su rfa c e a re o u t o f th e y d o n o t in te rfe re w ith th e re a d in g p ro c e ss.

O n e C D -R O M (6 5 0 -7 0 0 M B ) sto ra g e c a p a c ity c a n sto re d a ta fro m m o re th a n 4 5 0 flo p p y d isk s. D a ta a c c e ra n g e s fro m 8 0 to 1 2 0 m s. D a ta tra n sfe r ra te s are a p p ro x im a te ly 6 M B /se c .

2.4 DVD-ROM

Holographic Versatile Disc

T h e D V D -R O M sta n d a rd , in tro d u c e d in 1 9 9 5 c a m e o v er a s a re su lt o f a D V D c o n so rtiu m . L ik e C D d riv e s d riv e s re a d d a ta th ro u g h th e d isc su b stra te re d u c in g in te rfe re n c e s fro m su rfa c e d u st a n d sc ra tc h e s. H o w e v e r D

te c h n o lo g y p ro v id e s se v e n tim e s th e sto ra g e c a p a c ity o f C D s a n d a c c o m p lish e s m o st o f th is in c re a se b y a d v a

te c h n o lo g y u se d fo r C D sy ste m s. T h e d ista n c e b e tw e e n re c o rd in g tra c k s is le s th a n h a lf th a t is u se d fo r C D s. T h e p it s le ss th a n h a lf

n*t

wcirr is i -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Holographic Versatile Disc

th a t o f C D s, w h ic h re q u ire s a re d u c e d la se r w a v e le n g th re a d th e sm a lle r siz e d p its. T h e se fe a tu re s a lo n e g iv e D V D -R 4 .5 tim e s th e sto ra g e c a p a c ity o f C D s. D V D d riv e s c a n a lso sto re o n b o th sid e s o f th e d isc ; m a n u fa c tu re rs d e liv e r th e tw o -sid e d stru c tu re b y b o n d

th in n e r su b stra te s to g e th e r, p ro v id in g th e p o ten tia l to d o u b le a D V D 's sto ra g e c a p a c ity . S in g le sid e d D V D d isc s h a v fu se d su b stra te s, b u t o n ly o n e sid e c o n ta in s d ata . In a D V D , sto ra g e o f d a ta in th e d a ta la y e rs c a n b e : S in g le -sid e d , sin g le la y e r (4 .7 G B ) D o u b le -sid e d , sin g le la y e r (9 .4 G B ) S in g le -sid e d , d o u b le la y e r (8 .5 G B ) D o u b le -sid e d , d o u b le la y e r (1 7 G B )

0.6mm Single-sided, single layer 0.6mm

Double-sided. (9.4 GB)

Single

layer

Double.-sided, layer (1" GB) (4 .7GB) Single-sided,

double

double layer (8.5 GB)

0.6inm 1___TlTLT_ 11__3 Lj U I___I Li U l_ _

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0.6mm

UnjTJi_jT_ruih_JLmi_jTJ

Substrate

1 Lacquer
Figure: DVD Data Storage Versions

| Reflective Laver

Holographic Versatile Disc

2.5 DVD-R

D V D -R d riv e s w e re in tro d u c e d in 1 9 9 7 to p ro v id e w rite -o n c e c a p a b ility o n D V D -R d isc s u se d p ro d u c in g d isc m a ste rs in so ftw a re d e v e lo p m e n t a n d fo r m u ltim e d ia p o st-p ro d u c tio n . T h is te c h n o lo g y so m e tim e s re f D V D -R fo r a u th o rin g , is lim ite d to n ic h e a p p lic a tio n s b e c a u se d riv e s a n d m e d ia a re e x p e n siv e .

D V D -R d isc s e m p lo y a p h o to se n sitiv e d y e te c h n o lo g y sim ila r to C D -R m e d ia . A t 3 .9 5 G B p e r sid e first D V D -R d isc s p ro v id e d a little le ss sto ra g e c a p a c ity th a n D V D -R O M d isc s. T h a t c a p a c ity h a s n o w b e e n e x te n d e d

G B c a p a c ity o f D V D - R O M d isc s. T h e IX D V D - R d a ta tra n sfe r ra te is 1 .3 M B /se c . M o st D V D -R O M d riv e s a n d D

p la y e rs re a d D V D -R d isc s. S lig h tly m o d ifie d D V D -R d riv e s a n d d isc s h a v e re c e n tly b e c o m e a v a ila b le fo r g e n e ra l u se .

2 .6DVD-RAM

D V D - R A M (re w rita b le ) d riv e s w e re in tro d u c e d in 1 9 9 8 . D V D -R A M d e v ic e s u se a p h a se c h

te c h n o lo g y c o m b in e d w ith so m e e m b o sse d la n d /p it fe a tu re s. E m p lo y in g a fo rm a t te rm e d " la n d g ro o v e " , d a ta is re c o r g ro o v e s fo rm e d o n th e d isc a n d o n th e la n d b e tw e e n th e g ro o v e s. T h e in itia l d isc c a p a c ity w a s 2 .6 G B p e r sid e , b u t a 4 .7 G B - p e r-sid e v e rsio n is n o w a v a ila b le .

T h e 4 .7 -G B D V D -R A M d isc s c o m e in c a rtrid g e s th a t p ro te c t th e m e d iu m fro m h a n d lin g d a m a g e , su

fin g e rp rin ts a n d sc ra tc h e s. A sin g le -sid e d d isc is e x p e c te d to b e re m o v a b le fro m th e c a rtrid g e so it c a n a lso b e p la y e d R O M d riv e s th a t su p p o rt D V D - R A M . T h e d o u b le -sid e d d isc , p ro v id in g 4 .7 G B o f sto ra g e c a p a c ity p e r sid e , is n o t fro m th e c a rtrid g e .

E a c h D V D -R A M d isc is re p o rte d to h a n d le m o re th a n 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 re w rite s. D V D -R A M is sp e c if d e sig n e d fo r P C d a ta sto ra g e ; D V D -R A M d isc s u se a sto ra g e stru c tu re b a se d in se c to rs, in ste a d o f th e sp ira l g ro o v

u se d fo r C D d a ta sto ra g e . T h is se c to r sto ra g e is sim ila r to th e sto ra g e stru c tu re u se d b y h a rd d riv e s. S e c to r sto ra g e fa ste r ra n d o m d a ta a c c e ss sp e e d .

B e c a u se o f th e ir h ig h c o st re la tiv e to C D -R W te c h n o lo g y , c u rre n t c o n su m e r-o rie n te d D V D - R A M d riv

a n d m e d ia a re n o t a p o p u la r c h o ic e fo r P C a p p lic a tio n s. S lo w a d o p tio n o f D V D -R A M re a d in g c a p a b ility in D V D -R O M h a s a lso lim ite d D V D -R A M m a rk e t a c c e p ta n ce . 2 .7 DVD-RW

T h e D V D -R W d riv e fo rm a t is sim ila r to th e D V D -R fo rm a t, b u t o ffe rs re w rita b ility u sin g a p h a se -c h re c o rd in g la y e r th a t is c o m p a ra b le to th e p h a se -c h a n g e la y e r u se d fo r C D -R W . D V D -R W is in te n d e d fo r c o n su m e r -P C ) u se , b u t P C a p p lic a tio n s a re a lso e x p e c ted fo r th is te c h n o lo g y . T h e first D V D -R W d riv e s b a se d o n th is fo rm a t, re c o rd e d D V D -R d isc s, w e re in tro d u c e d in e a rly 2 0 0 1 .
c
OH 7^/^17 TS - 7___________7.

2.8 +RW

S o n y a n d P h ilip s w e re fo u n d in g m e m b e rs o f th e D V D c o n so rtiu m , b u t b ro k e a w a y to in tro d u c e

D V D + R W (n o w c a lle d + R W ) p h a se c h a n g e , re w rita b le te c h n o lo g y in 1 9 9 7 . D isc s c a n b e w ritte n a p p ro x im a te ly 1 0 w h ic h m a k e s th e m a g o o d o p tio n fo r v id e o re co rd in g , b u t n o t o p tim a l fo r d a ta sto ra g e . + R W te c h n o lo g y 's stro n g e st fe b a c k w a rd c o m p a tib ility w ith D V D -R O M d riv e s a n d D V D v id e o p la y e rs.

2 .9 M a g n e to -O p tic a l F o rm a ts M a g n e to -o p tic a l (M O ) te c h n o lo g y c o m b in e s h e stre n g th s o f m a g n e tic a n d o p tic a l te c h n o lo g ie s b y u s la se r to re a d d a ta a n d th e c o m b in a tio n o f a la se r a n d m a g n e tic fie ld to w rite d a ta . T h e to p (la b e l sid e ) o f th e d isk is e x m a g n e tic fie ld to w rite d a ta , a n d a la se r lig h t so u rc e ta rg e ts th e d a ta la y e r th ro u g h th e b o tto m su b stra te to re a d d a ta .

T h e re a re 3 .5 - a n d 5 .5 -in c h d isk fo rm a ts th a t c o n ta in a m a g n e tic a llo y la y e r. M a g n e tic p a rtic le s in

a llo y a re v e ry sta b le a n d re sist c h a n g in g p o la rity a t ro o m te m p e ra tu re . D a ta b its re re c o rd e d o n th is m a g n e tic la y e r b y w ith a fo c u se d la se r b e a m in th e p re se n c e o f m a g n e tic fie ld . C h a n g e s in th e m a g n e tic o rie n ta tio n o f th e d a ta b its a lo

re p re se n ts 0 s a n d 1 s m u c h lik e o n h a rd d isk s a n d o th e r m a g n e tic m e d ia . T h e m a g n e tic la y e r a lso c h a n g e s th e r

p o la riz a tio n o f re fle c te d la se r lig h t d e p e n d in g o n th e 0 o r 1 p o larity o f th e m a g n e tic b its. T h is p ro p e rty c a lle d th e " K e a n d is u se d to re a d th e d a ta . M O sy ste m s a lso in c re a se th e d a ta b its v e rtic a lly ra th e r th a n h o riz o n ta lly . T h e 3 .5 -in c h d isk s a re a v a ila b le in 1 2 8 -, 2 3 0 -, a n d 6 4 0 -M B sto ra g e c a p a c itie s. T h e

5 .2 5 -in c h d isk s c o m e in 6 5 0 -M B a n d 1 .3 -, 2 .6 -, a n d 5 .2 -G B siz e s. A 9 .1 -G B siz e is e x p e c te d so o n . A t le ss th a n 2

a c c e ss tim e s fa ste r th a n th e a v e ra g e 1 0 0 m s o f p h a se c h a n g e C D a n d D V D te c h n o lo g ie s. M O d riv e s a re w id e ly u se d in

g e n e ra l-p u rp o se sto ra g e , sim ila r to th e w a y Z ip d riv e s a re u se d in th e U .S . O u tsid e o f J a p a n ; a p p lic a tio n s fo r M ty p ic a lly h a v e b e e n in n ic h e m a rk e ts fo r C o m p u te r-A id e d D e sig n /C o m p u te r-A id e d M a n u fa c tu rin g (C A D /C A M ), im a g in g , a n d h ig h -c a p a c ity a rc h iv e s.

0\T/^/^T?

l r - I _____________I.

Holographic Versatile Disc 3.

HOLOGRAPHIC

VERSATILE DISC

3.1How Holographic Versatile Discs Work H o lo g ra p h ic m e m o ry sy ste m s h a v e b e e n a ro u n d fo r d e c a d e s. T h e y o ffe r ta r m o re sto ra g e c a p a c ity C D sa n dD V D s e v e n " n e x t-g e n e ra tio n " D V lu - lik e th a n BDs ra y a n d th e ir tra n sfe r ra te s le a v e c o n v e n tio n a l d isc s in th e d u st. S o w h y h a v e n 't w e a ll b e e n h o lo g ra p h ic m e m orry e a rs n o w ? u sin fo y T h e re a re se v e ra l h u rd le s th a t h a v e b e e n h o ld in g h o lo g ra p h ic sto ra g e b a c k fro m th e re a lm o f m a ss H o lo g ra p h ic v e rsa tile d isc

c o n su m p tio n , in c lu d in g p ric e a n d c o m p le x ity . U n til n o w , th e sy ste m s h a v e re q u ire d a c o st-p ro h ib itiv e le v e l o f p r m a n u fa c tu rin g . B u t re c e n t c h a n g e s h a v e m a d e th e h o lo g ra p h ic v e rsa tile d isc (H V D ) d e v e lo p e d b y O p tw a re a v ia b le c o n su m e rs. In th is a rtic le , w e 'll fin d o u t h o w th e H V D w o rk s, h o w it h a s im p ro v e d u p o n p re v io u s m e th o d s o f h o lo g ra p h ic sto ra g it sta c k s u p to B lu -ra y a n d H D -D V D

-I

Holographic Versatile Disc

3.2Basics of Holographic Memory

T h e first ste p in u n d e rsta n d in g h o lo g ra p h ic m e m o ry is to u n d e rsta n d w h a t "h o lo g ra p h ic " m e a n s. H o lo g ra p h y is a m e th o d o f re cligrd tin g p a tte rn s o f o h to p ro d u c e a th re e -d im e n sio n a l o b je c t. T h e re c o rd e d p a tte rn s o f lig h t a re c a lle d a h o lo g ra m . T h e p ro c e ss o f c re a tin g a h o lo g ra m b e g in s w ith a fo c u se d b e a m o f lig h t ~ a la se r b e a. m h is la se r b e a m is sp lit in to tw o se p a ra te b e a m s: a re fe re n c e b e a m , T w h ic h re m a in s u n c h a n g e d th ro u g h o u t m u c h o f th e p ro c e ss, a n d a n in fo rm a tio n b e a m , w h ic h p a3-Ds im a g e o f th e D e a th S ta r th ro u g h a n im a g e . W h e n lig h t sse e n c o u n te rs a n im a g e , its c re a te d b y h o lo g ra p h y c o m p o sitio w c h a n g e s (se e Hon L ig h t W o rk s le a rn to

a b o u t th is p ro c e ss). In a se n se , o n c e th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m e n c o u n te rs a n im a g e , it c a rrie s th a t im a g e in its w a v e fo r

th e se tw o b e a m s in te rse c t, it c re a te s a p a tte rn o f lig h t in te rfe re n c e . If y o u re c o rd th is p a tte rn o f lig h t in te rfe re n e x a m p le , in a p h o to se n sitiv e p o ly m e r la y e r o f a d isc - y o u a re e sse n tia lly re c o rd in g th e lig h t p a tte rn o f th e im a g e .

T o re trie v e th e in fo rm a tio n sto re d in a h o lo g ra m , y o u sh in e th e re fe re n c e b e a m d ire c tly o n to th e h o lo g

W h e n it re fle c ts o ff th e h o lo g ra m , it h o ld s th e lig h t p a tte rn o f th e im a g e sto re d th e re . Y o u th e n se n d th is re c o n stru c tio a C M O S se n so r to re c re a te th e o rig in a l im a g e .

M o st o f u s th in k o f h o lo g ra m s a s sto rin g th e im a g e o f a n o b je c t, lik e th e D e a th S ta r p ic tu re d a b o v e

h o lo g ra p h ic m e m o ry sy ste m s w e 're d isc u ssin g h e re u se h o lo g ra m s to sto re d ig ita l in ste a d o f a n a lo g in fo rm a tio n , b sa m e c o n c e p t. In ste a d o f th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m e n c o u n te rin g a p a tte rn o f lig h t th a t re p re se n ts th e

____

Holographic Versatile Disc

D e a th S ta r, it e n c o u n te rs a p a tte rn o f lig h t a n d d a rk a re a s th a t re p re se n t o n e s a n d z e ro e s.

E n c o d e d p a g e d a ta

H V D o ffe rs se v e ra l a d v a n ta g e s o v e r tra d itio n a l sto ra g e te c h n o lo g y . H V D s c a n u ltim a te ly sto re m o re th a n 1 te ra b y

in fo rm a tio n th a t's 2 0 0 tim e s m o re th a n a sin g le -sid e d D V D a n d 2 0 tim e s m o re th a n a c u rre n t d o u b le -sid e d B lu -r

p a rtly d u e to H V D s sto rin g h o lo g ra m s in o v erla p p in g p a tte rn s, w h ile a D V D b a sic a lly sto re s b its o f in fo rm a tio n sid

H V D s a lso u se a th ic k e r re c o rd in g la y e r th a n D V D s a n H V D sto re s in fo rm a tio n in a lm o st th e e n tire v o lu m e o in ste a d o f ju st a sin g le , th in la y e r.

D V D v s. H V D : R e c o rd in g -la y e r d e p th

Holographic Versatile Disc

Volumetric recording method

T h e o th e r m a jo r b o o st o v e r c o n v e n tio n a l m e m o ry sy ste m s is H V D 's tra n sfe r ra te o f u p to 1 g ig a b y te (G B ) p e r se c o n d

tim e s fa ste r th a n D V D . A n H V D sto re s a n d re trie v e s a n e n tire p a g e o f d a ta , a p p ro x im a te ly 6 0 ,0 0 0 b its o f in fo rm a ti p u lse o f lig h t, w h ile a D V D sto re s a n d re trie v e s o n e b it o f d a ta in o n e p u lse o f lig h t. N o w th a t w e k n o w th e p re m ise a t w o rk in H V D te c h n o lo g y , le t's ta k e a lo o k a t th e stru c tu re o f th e O p tw a re d isc . 3.3The Holographic Data storage Basics

P ro to ty p e s d e v e lo p e d b y L u c e n t a n d IB M d iffe r slig h tly , b u t m o st h o lo g ra p h ic d a ta sto ra g e sy ste m s (H D S S ) a re b a sa m e c o n c e p t. H e re a re th e b a sic c o m p o n e n ts th a t a re n e e d e d to c o n stru c t a n H D S S : B lu e -g re e n a rg o n r la se B e a m sp litte rs to sp ilt th e la se r b e a m M irro rs to d ire c t th e la se r b e a m s L C Dp a n e l (sp a tia l lig h t m o d u la to r) L e n se s to fo c u s th e la se r b e a m s L ith iu m -n io b a te c ry sta l o r p h o to p o ly m e r C h a rg e -c o u p le d d e v ic e (C Cra ) c a m e D

D V D v s. H V D : R e c o rd in g -la y e r d e p th

Holographic Versatile Disc

W h e n th e b lu e -g re e n a rg o n la se r is fire d , a b e a m sp litte r c re a te s tw o b e a m s. O n e b e a m , c a lle d th e o b je c t o r sig n a l b e stra ig h t, b o u n c e o ff o n e m irro r a n d tra v e l th ro u g h a sp a tia l-lig h t m o d u la to r u id Mry sta lnlaisp(L C Da) th a t liq (S L c ). A dSyL M is sh o w s p a g e s o f ra w b in a ry d a ta a s c le a r a n d d a rk b o x e s. T h e in fo rm a tio n fro m th e p a g e o f b in a ry c o d e is c a rrie d b b e a m a ro u n d to th e lig h t-se n sitiv e lith iu m -n io b a te c ry sta l. S o m e sy ste m s u se a p h o to p o ly m e r in p la c e o f th e c ry sta

b e a m , c a lle d th e re fe re n c e b e a m , sh o o ts o u t th e sid e o f th e b e a m sp litte r a n d ta k e s a se p a ra te p a th to th e c ry sta l. W h

b e a m s m e e t, th e in te rfe re n c e p a tte rn th a t is c re a te d sto re s th e d a ta c a rrie d b y th e sig n a l b e a m in a sp e c ific a re a in th e c r d a ta is sto re d a s a h o lo g ra m .

Holographic Versatile Disc

A n a d v a n ta g e o f a h o lo g ra p h ic m e m o ry sy ste m is th a t a n e n tire p a g e o f d a ta c a n b e re trie v e d q u ic k ly a n d a t o n e tim e

to re trie v e a n d re c o n stru c t th e h o lo g ra p h ic p a g e o f d a ta sto re d in th e c ry sta l, th e re fe re n c e b e a m is sh in e d in to th e

e x a c tly th e sa m e a n g le a t w h ic h it e n te re d to sto re th a t p a g e o f d a ta . E a c h p a g e o f d a ta is sto re d in a d iffe re n t a re a o f t

b a se d o n th e a n g le a t w h ic h th e re fe re n c e b e a m strik e s it. D u rin g re c o n stru c tio n , th e b e a m w ill b e d iffra c te d b y th e

a llo w th e re c re a tio n o f th e o rig in a l p a g e th a t w a s sto re d . T h is re c o n stru c te d p a g e is th e n p ro je c te d o n to th e c h a rg d e v ic e (C C D ) c a m e ra , w h ic h in te rp re ts a n d fo rw a rd s th e d ig ita lmin fote r a tio n to a c o p u .rm T h e k e y c o m p o n e n t o f a n y h o lo g ra p h ic d a ta sto ra g e sy ste m is th e a n g le a t w h ic h th e se c o n d re fe re n c e b e a m is f

c ry sta l to re trie v e a p a g e o f d a ta . It m u st m a tch th e o rig in a l re fe re n c e b e a m a n g le e x a c tly . A d iffe re n c e o f ju st a th o u s m illim e te r w ill re su lt in fa ilu re to re trie v e th a t p a g e o f d a ta . 3.4The Holographic Versatile Disc

H o lo g ra p h ic m e m o ry h a s b e e n a ro u n d fo r m o re th a n 4 0 y e a rs, b u t se v e ra l c h a ra c te ristic s m a d e it d iffic u lt to im p le

c o n su m e r m a rk e t. F irst o ff, m o st o f th e se sy ste m s se n d th e re fe re n c e b e a m a n d th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m in to th e re c o rd in

o n d iffe re n t a x e s. T h is re q u ire s h ig h ly c o m p le x o p tic a l sy ste m s to lin e th e m u p a t th e e x a c t p o in t a t w h ic h th e

in te rse c t. A n o th e r d ra w b a c k h a s to d o w ith in c o m p a tib ility w ith c u rre n t sto ra g e m e d ia : T ra d itio n a lly , h o lo g ra p h

sy ste m s c o n ta in e d n o se rv o d a ta , b e c a u se th e b e a m c a rry in g it c o u ld in te rfe re w ith th e h o lo g ra p h y p ro c e ss. A lso h o lo g ra p h ic m e m o ry d isc s h a v e b e e n n o ta b ly th ic k e r th a n C D s a n d D V D s.

O p tw a re h a s im p le m e n te d so m e c h a n g e s in its H V D th a t c o u ld m a k e it a b e tte r fit fo r th e c o n su m e r m a rk e t. In th e H V th e la se r b e a m s tra v e l in th e sa m e a x is a n d strik e th e re c o rd in g m e d iu m a t th e sa m e a n g le , w h ic h O p tw a re c a lls th m e th o d . A c c o rd in g to O p tw a re , th is m e th o d re q u ire s a le ss c o m p le x sy ste m o f o p tic s, e n a b lin g a sm a lle r o p tic a l p ic m o re su ite d to c o n su m e r u se .

Holographic Versatile Disc

v-------------------------m--------:----

an Iri--------rr----

Gollinear Holography Optics

_ Coiimear Holography Optical Pickup can be designed as small as the - DVD's Optical Pickup because the Objective and Reference beams " are co-ax>alfy aligned which is quie different from the 2-as - holography optics. ________- "" "f>p.TVVA'R F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
H V D o p tic a l p ic k u p

H V D a lso in c lu d e s se rv o d a ta . T h e se rv o b e a m in th e H V D sy ste m is a t a w a v e le n g th th a t d o e s n o t p h o to se n sitiz e th

re c o rd in g m e d iu m . In th e H V D te st sy ste m , th e se rv o d a ta is c a rrie d in a re d (6 5 0 -n m w a v e le n g th ) la se r. T h e siz e a n d o f a n H V D is a lso c o m p a tib le w ith C D s a n d D V D s.

T h e stru c tu re o f th e d isc p la c e s a th ic k re c o rd in g la y e r b e tw e e n tw o su b stra te s a n d in c o rp o ra te s a d ic h ro ic m irro r th

th e b lu e -g re e n lig h t c a rry in g th e h o lo g ra p h y d a ta b u t a llo w s th e re d lig h t to p a ss th ro u g h in o rd e r to g a th e r se rv o in fo r

Holographic Versatile Disc

4.STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT 4.1 Holographic Versatile Disc structure

Disc Structure
G re e n o r

1. G re e n w ritin g /re a d in g la se r (5 3 2 n m ) 2. R e d p o sitio n in g /a d d re ssin g la se r (6 5 0 n m ) 3. H o lo g ra m (d a ta )

Holographic Versatile Disc

4. P o ly c a rb o n la y e r 5. P h o to p o ly m e ric la y e r (d a ta -c o n ta in in g la y e r) 6. D ista n c e la y e rs 7. D ic h ro ic la y e r (re fle c tin g g re e n lig h t) 8. A lu m in iu m re fle c tiv e la y e r (re fle c tin g re d lig h t) 9. T ra n sp a re n t b a se
D ia g o n istic la y e r A d ic h ro ic filte r is a v e ry -a c c u rfilte r u se d to se le c tiv e ly h taoss a sm a ll ra n g e o f c o lo rs flehcile o th e r c o lo ra te lig p f re w tin g

c o lo rs. B y c o m p a riso n , D ic h ro ic m irro rs a n d d ic h ro ic re fle c to rs te n d to b e c h a ra c te riz e d b y th e c o lo r(s) o f lig h t th a t th ra th e r th a n th e c o lo r(s) th e y pd ic h ro ic er th e e ty m o lo g y o f th e te rm .) a ss. (S fo e U se d in fro n t o f a lig h t so u rc e , a d ic h ro ic filte r p ro d p e rcse ligehdty th a tmis n s to b e hsa tuly te (in te n se ) in u c e iv b h u a ig h ra d c o lo r. A lth o u g h c o stly , su c h filte rs a re rc o p u latu ranldth e a tric a lp p lic a tio n s. a p h ite c r in a U se d b e h in d a lig h t so u rc e , d ic h ro ic re fle c to rs c o m m o n ly re fle c t v isib le lig h t fo rw a rd in h ile adllohw in g th e in v isib le w fra re lig t

(ra d ia te h e a)t to p a ss o u t o f th e re a r o f th e fix tu re , re su ltin g in a b e a m o f lig h t th a t is " c o o le r". M o d e rn q u a rtz h d in c a n d e sc e n t lig h t b u lbu e n tly c o n ta in a n in te g ra te d d ic h ro ic re fle c to r (se e p ic tu re ). fre q s A d ic h ro ic filte r is a v e ry -a c c u r filte rse d to se le c tiv e lylig a ss f a sm a ll ra n g e o f c o lo rse fleh ile orth e r c o lo ra te u p h to w c tin g

c o lo rs. B y c o m p a riso n , D ic h ro ic m irro rs a n d d ic h ro ic re fle c to rs te n d to b e c h a ra c te riz e d b y th e c o lo r(s) o f lig h t th a t th ra th e r th a n th e c o lo r(s) th e y pd ic h ro ic er th e e ty m o lo g y o f th e te rm .) a ss. (S fo e U se d in fro n t o f a lig h t so u rc e , a d ic h ro ic filte r p ro d p e rcse ligehdty th a tmis n s to b e hsa tuly te (in te n se ) in u c e iv b h u a ig h ra d c o lo r. A lth o u g h c o stly , su c h filte rs a re rc o p u latu ranldth e a tric a lp p lic a tio n s. a p h ite c r in a D ic h ro ic filte rs o p e ra te u sin g th e pin tecrfele n. cfA lte rn a tin g la y e rs oopf ticna l c o a tinre b u ilt u p u p o n ss rin ip re o e a ag g la a

su b stra te , se le c tiv e ly re in fo rc in g c e rta in w a v e le n g th s o f lig h t a n d in te rfe rin g w ith o th e r w a v e le n g th s. T h e la y e rs a d e p o site d u sin g a p ro c e ss c a rrie dv aocu tu .m B a c o n tro llin g th e th ic k n e ss a n d n u m b e r o f freeq u e y e rs, th e u in y th la n c y (w a v e le n g th f th p a ssb a no f th e filte r c a n b e tu n e d a n d m a d e a s w id e o r n a rro w a s d e sire d . B e c a u se u n w a n te d w a v e le n g )o e d

a re re fle c te d ra th e r th a n a b so rb e d , d ic h ro ic filte rs d o n 't a b so rb m u c h e n e rg y d u rin g o p e ra tio n a n d so d o n 't b e c o m e n e a a s th e e q u iv a le n t c o n v e n tio n a l filte r (w h ic h a tte m p ts to a b so rb a ll e n e rg y e x c e p t fo r th a t in th e p a ssb a n d ). F ilte r A n o p tic a l filte r is a d e v ic e w h ic h trale sm itslyh t h a v in g c e rta in p ro p e rtie s (o fte n , a p a rtic u la r ra n g e o f se n c tivlig e w a v e le n g ,th s a t is, ra n g e oolo u rs flig h,t o r p o la riz a tio n s), w h ile b lo c k in g th e re m a in d e r. T h e y a re c o m m o n ly u se d in th c f o p h o to g ra p, hin m a noyp tic ain stru m e n ts, a n d to c o lo e rlig h tin g tic a l c o a tin g y l sta g u -O p A n o p tic a l c o a tin gthis ala y eorf m a te ria l p la c e d o n a n o p tic a l c o m p o n e nnt ssu mhirro r a h ic h a lte rs th e in le o r c a s w w a y in w h ic h th e rep ticc ts n dtra n sm its h t. O n e ty p e o f o p tic a l c o a tin tire fle c tio n c o,a tinhgic h re d u c e s o fle a lig a n g is a n w u n w a n te d re fle c tio n s fro m su rfa c e s, a n d is c o m spo n ly c uasedd hoonto g ra p h ic le. nA nso th e r ty p e is th e h ig h m e c ta len p se

Holographic Versatile Disc

re fle c to r c o a tin g w h ic h c a n b e u se d to p ro d u c e m irro rs w h ic h re fle c t g re a te r th a n 9 9 % o f th e lig h t w h ic h fa lls o n th c o m p le x o p tic a l c o a tin g s e x h ib it h ig h -re fle c tio n o v e r a v mle n g ,thasned oaf n ti-re fle c tio n o v e r a n o th e r ra n g e , w so e e ra n g a llo w in g th e p ro d u c tio nh o f ic in -filmp tic a l filte rs d ic ro th o . P a ssb a n d In te le c o m m u n ic a ,tiop tic,s a n da c o u stic sp a ssb a n d is th e p o rtio n o f sp e c tru m , b e tw e eqnu e n c ie s th a t is o ns , lim itin g fre tra n sm itte d w ith m in im u m lo ssotiv e a x im u m re la tiv e y a filte rin g d e v ic e . re la r m g a inb O v e rv ie w R a d iore c e iv e rs g e n e ra lly in c lu d e ab atu d a ba ss filteith a p a ssb a n d th a t is w id e e n o u g h to a c c o m m o d a te th e n n -p le wr b a n d w id th o f a sin g le sta tio n .

4.2The HVD System: Writing Data

A sim p lifie d H V D sy ste m c o n sists o f th e fo llo w in g m a in c o m p o n e n ts:

B lu e o r g re e n la se r (5 3 2 -n m w a v e le n g th in th e te st sy ste m ) B e a m sp litte r/m e rg e r M irro rs S p a tia l lig h t m o d u la to r (S L M ) C M O S se n so r P h o to p o ly m e r re c o rd in g m e d iu m

T h e p ro c e ss o f w ritin g in fo rm a tio n o n to a n H V D b e g in s w ith e n c o d in g th e in fo rm a tio n in to b in a ry d a ta to b e sto

S L M . T h e se d a ta a re tu rn e d in to o n e s a n d z e ro e s re p re se n te d a s o p a q u e o r tra n slu c e n t a re a s o n a "p a g e " th is p im a g e th a t th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m is g o in g to p a ss th ro u g h .

Holographic Versatile Disc

Data Image

- 4>

3.0 mm

Holographic Versatile Disc

r4------------------------------------------------N

O n c e th e p a g e o f d a ta is c re a te d , th e n e x t ste p is to fire a la se r b e a m in to a b e a m sp litte r to p ro d u c e tw o id

b e a m s. O n e o f th e b e a m s is d ire c te d a w a y fro m th e S L M th is b e a m b e c o m e s th e re fe re n c e b e a m . T h e o th e r b e a m i

to w a rd th e S L M a n d b e c o m e s th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m . W h e n th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m p a sse s th ro u g h th e S L M , p o rtio n s o

a re b lo c k e d b y th e o p a q u e a re a s o f th e p a g e , a n d p o rtio n s p a ss th ro u g h th e tra n slu c e n t a re a s. In th is w a y , th e in fo rm a c a rrie s th e im a g e o n c e it p a sse s th ro u g h th e S L M

Page data (left) stored as a hologram (right)

* I ___7
I " " * __

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T/~i S~iT~>

TS-

Holographic Versatile Disc

W h e n th e re fe re n c e b e a m a n d th e in fo rm a tio n b e a m re jo in o n th e sa m e a x is, th e y c re a te a p a tte rn o f lig h t in te rfe re n h o lo g ra p h y d a ta . T h is jo in t b e a m c a rrie s th e in te rfe re n c e p a tte rn to th e p h o to p o ly m e r d isc a n d sto re s it th e re a s a h o lo

Holographic Versatile Disc

Holographic Versatile Disc

A m e m o ry sy ste m isn 't v e ry u se fu l if y o u c a n 't a c c e ss th e d a ta y o u 'v e sto re d . In th e n e x t se c tio n , w e 'll fin d o u t h o w d a ta -re trie v a l sy ste m w o rk s.

4.3The HVD System: Reading Data

T o re a d th e d a ta fro m a n H V D , y o u n e e d to re trie v e th e lig h t p a tte rn sto re d in th e h o lo g ra m .

Holographic Versatile Disc

Holographic Versatile Disc

Holographic Versatile Disc

In th e H V D re a d sy ste m , th e la se r p ro je c ts a lig h t b e a m o n to th e h o lo g ra m a lig h t b e a m th a t is id e n tic a l to th e b e a m (R e a d S y ste m 1 in th e im a g e a b o v e ). T h e h o lo g ra m d iffra c ts th is b e a m a c c o rd in g to th e sp e c ific p a tte r in te rfe re n c e it's sto rin g . T h e re su ltin g lig h t re c re a te s th e im a g e o f th e p a g e d a ta th a t e sta b lish e d th e lig h t-in te rfe re n c e th e first p la c e . W h e n th is b e a m o f lig h t th e re c o n stru c tio n

f\

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in

is"/-'

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i s - I ______i._______

Holographic Versatile Disc

b e a m - b o u n c e s b a c k o ff th e d isc (R e a d S y ste m 2 ), it tra v e ls to th e C M O S se n so r. T h e C M O S se n so r th e n re p ro d u c e s d a ta .

P a g e d a ta sto re d in a n H V D (le ft) a n d re c re a te d b y C M O S se n so r (rig h t) N o w le t's ta k e a lo o k a t h o w H V D c o m p a re s to o th e r n e x t-g e n e ra tio n sto 5.How eHVD Compares ra g e m d ia .

W h ile H V D is a tte m p tin g to re v o lu tio n iz e d a ta sto ra g e , o th e r d isc s a re try in g to im p ro v e u p o n c u rre n t sy ste m s. T w o s d isc s a re B lu -ra y a n d H D -D V D , d e e m e d th e n e x t-g e n e ra tio n o f d ig ita l sto ra g e . B o th b u ild u p o n c u rre n t D V D te c h n o l

in c re a se sto ra g e ca p a c ity . A ll th re e o f th e se te c h n o lo g ie s a re a im in g fo r th e h ig h -d e fin itio n v id e o m a rk e t, w h e re sp e e d c a p a c ity c o u n t. S o h o w d o e s H V D sta c k u p ? B lu -ra y A p p ro x . $ 1 8 In itia l c o st fo r re c o rd a b le d isc In itia l c o st fo r $ 2 ,0 0 0 In itia l sto ra g e c a p a c ity R e a d /w rite sp e e d H D -D V D A p p ro x . $ 1 0 HVD A p p ro x . $ 1 2 0 A p p ro x . $ 3 ,0 0 0 300 G B 1 G bps

A p p ro x . A p p ro x . re c o rd e r/p1la y e r $ 2 ,0 0 0 54 G B 3 6 .5 M b p s 30 G B 3 6 .5 M b p s Conclusion

H o lo g ra p h ic V e rsa tile D isc (H V D ) is a n a d v a n c e d o p tic a l d isc te c h n o lo g y still in th e re se a rc h sta g e w w o u ld g re a tly in c re a se sto ra glu -ra y r dH D -D V D p tic a l d isc sy ste m s. It e m p lo y s a te c h n iq u e k n o w n a s c o llin e a r B e oven a o

h o lo g ra p,hw h e re b y tw se rs o n e re d a n d o n e b lu e -g re e n , a re c o llim a te d in a sin g le b e a m . T h e b lu e -g re e n la se r re a d s d a ta y la o , e n c o d e d a s la se r in te rfe re n c e frin g e slofro m hla y e r n e a r th e to p o f th e d isc w h ile th e re d la se r se rv o d to re a d h o g ra p aic is u se in fo rm a tio n fro m a re g u la r C lu m in le m y e r n e a r th e b o S e rv .oin fo rm a tio n is u se d to m o n ito r th e p o sitio n o f a D -sty iu la tto m th e re a d h e a d o v er th e d isc , sim ila r to th e h e ad , tra c k , a n d se c to r in fo rm a tio n doiska dcriv en e a tioD ao r h a rd n .oO v n C n l n D V Dth is se rv o in fo rm a tio n is in te rsp e rse d a m o n gdst thro ic am irroy e r b e tw e e n th e h o lo g ra p h ic d a ta a n d th e ic h e d ta . la r A

se rv o d a ta re fle c ts th e b lu e -g re e n la se r w h ile le ttin g th e re d la se r p a ss th ro u g h . T h is p re v e n ts in te rfe re n c e fro m re fra th e b lu e -g re e n la se r o ff th e se rv o d a ta p its a n d is a n a d v a n c e o v e r p a st h o lo g ra p h ic sto ra g e m e d ia , w h ic h e ith e r e x p

to o m u c h in te rfe re n c e , o r la c k e d th e se rv o d a ta e n tire ly , m a k in g th e m in c o m p a tib le w ith c u rre n t C D a n d D V te c h n o lo g y .T h e se d isk s h a v e th e c a p a c ity to h ora b y te(T B 3 .9 f in fo rm a tio n , w h ic h is a p p ro x im a te ly e ig h ty te ld u p sto ) o tim e s th e c a p a c itylu -ra y D.isch e H V D a lso h a s a tra n sfe r ra te o f 1 G b it/s. B of T FUTURE SCOPE

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D e ll m o n ito rin g a d v a n c e m e n ts in o p tic a l te c h n o lo g y a n d e x p e c ts th e c o st a n d

p e rfo rm a n c e o f C D -R W d riv e s b e c o m e m o re c o m p e titiv e w ith th e m a g n e tic fo rm a ts. D e ll p la n to o ffe r C D -R W /D V

C o m b o D riv e s w h e n re a so n a b ly p ric e d . R e liab le d e v ic e s b e c o m e a v a ila b le . T h e se d e v ic e s sh o u ld e v e n tu a lly re p la c e

C D -R W d riv e a n d o ffe r c o n v e n ie n c e , la rg e sto ra g e c a p a c ity th a t a re b a c k w a rd c o m p a tib le w ith p re v io u s C D fo rm

D V D R O M re a d a b ility . D e ll e x p e c ts D V D -R A M sy ste m s to b e a d o p te d b y h ig h e n d u se rs in itia lly . R a m b o sy ste m a v a ila b le a re e x p e c te d to p ro v id e a n o th e r sy ste m in a e v o lu tio n to a u n iv e rsa l R M S D p ro v id in g a la rg e r c a p a c c a p a b le o f re a d in g a n d w ritin g to th e m o st p o p u la r C D , D V D fo rm a t. H V D is still in th e la te sta g e s o f d e v e lo p m e n t, n o th in g is w ritte n in sto n e ; b u t y o u 'v e p ro b a b ly n o tic e d th p ro je c te d in tro d u c to ry p ric e fo r a n H V D is a b it ste e p . A n in itia l p ric e o f a b o u t $ 1 2 0 p e r d isc w ill p ro b a b ly b e a b ig

to c o n su m e rs. H o w e v e r, th is p ric e m ig h t n o t b e so in su rm o u n ta b le to b u sin e sse s, w h ic h a re H V D d e v e lo p e rs' in iti a u d ie n c e . O p tw a re a n d its c o m p e tito rs w ill m a rk e t H V D 's sto ra g e c a p a c ity a n d tra n sfe r sp e e d a s id e a l fo r a p p lic a tio n s, w ith c o m m e rc ia l sy ste m s a v a ila b le a s so o n a s la te 2 0 0 6 . C o n su m e r d e v ic e s c o u ld h it th e m a rk e t a ro u n d 8, Bibliography

"A llia n c e to u ts h o lo g ra p h ic d isc 're v o lu tio n '." T h e R e g iste r. h ttp ://w w w .th e re g iste r.c o .u k /2 0 0 5 /0 2 /0 7 /h vudn_daellia n c e fo d/ "H o lo g ra p h ic S to ra g e S ta n d a rd s E y e d ." V id e o /Im a g in g D e sig n L in e . h ttp ://w w w .v id e sig n lin e .c o m /p ro d u c ts/6 0 4 0 5 3 6 8 O p tw a re C o rp o ra tio n h ttp ://w w w .o p tw a re .c o .jp /e n g lish / T o m 's H a rd w a re G u id e : H V D h ttp ://w w w .to m sh a rd w a re .c o m /b u sin e ss/2 0 0 5 0 6 1 6 /d v d _ " W n d a rd s-0 7 .h tmpl h ic sto ra g e ? " sta h a t is h o lo g ra In P h a se T e c h n o lohgttps. w w .in p h a se -te c h n o lo g ie s.c o m /te c h n o lo gw /in.weik .h tm ia .c o m ie ://w w y w d x ip e d l

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CONTENTS
1. 2. IN T R O D U C T IO N R E M O V A B L E M E D IA S T O R A G E D E V IC E S 2 .1 F lo p p y D isk 2 .2 O p tic a l F o rm a ts 2 .3 C D -R O M 2 .4 D V D - R O M 2 .5 D V D -R 2 .6 D V D -R A M 2 .7 D V D -R W 2 .8 + R W 2 .9 M a g n e to -O p tic a l F o rm a ts H O L O G R A P H IC V E R S A T IL E D IS C 3 .1 H o w H o lo g ra p h ic D isc W o rk s 3 .2 B a sic s O f H o lo g ra p h ic M e m o ry 3 .3 H o lo g ra p h ic D a ta S to ra g e B a sic s 3 .4 H o lo g ra p h ic V e rsa tile D isc STA TU S O F D EV ELOPM EN T 4 .1 H o lo g ra p h ic D isc S tru c tu re 4 .2 T h e H V D S y ste m W ritin g D a ta 4 .3 T h e H V D S y ste m R e a d in g D a ta HOW HVD COM PARES C O N C L U S IO N FU TU RE SCO PE B IB L IO G R A P H Y P age 01 02 02 02 03 03 04 05 05 06 06 07 07 08 10 12 14 14 17 20 22 23 24 25

3.

4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

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