Equipment for Engineering Education

Experiment Instruction
HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test

G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH

P.O. Box 1125 D - 22881 Barsbttel Germany Phone +49 40 670 854 - 0 Fax +49 40 670 854 - 42

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

All Rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau G.m.b.H., Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

DIN

0
ba r

10
K 1, 6 . l

DIN

DIN

-1
ba r

0
K 1, 6 . l

-1
ba r

0
K l 1, 6 .

Experiment Instructions

Please read and follow the instructions before the first installation!

Publication-No.: 917.00016A15012

03/97

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Table of Contents
1 2
2.1 2.2
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Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unit description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Unit construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Unit function and operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Care and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.3 2.4

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3
3.1 3.2

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Dangers to life and limb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Risks to the unit and its function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5

Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Centrifugal pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pump characteristic curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Series configuration of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Parallel configuration of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Pump power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5
5.1 5.2

Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Determining volumetric flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Plotting pump characteristic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.3 Single pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Series configuration of two pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Parallel configuration of two pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Plot the pump characteristic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

6
6.1

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

All Rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau G.m.b.H., Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Introduction The HM 150.16 series and parallel configuration of pumps accessory system is used to plot characteristics of centrifugal pumps. The system is designed for use in conjunction with the HM 150 fluid mechanics base module, but can also be used independently of it. Two identical centrifugal pumps are available, interconnected by a pipe system. Built-in stopcocks allow operation of the pumps in series and parallel configuration. Manometers indicate the pressures at all key points in the pipe system. In conjunction with a volumetric flowmeter, pump characteristics can thereby be plotted. The system is virtually maintenance-free. As a result of its robust construction, easily viewable measuring instruments and prepared didactic materials, the system is ideal for teaching purposes, as a demonstration model and for student experimentation. In conjunction with the HM 150 fluid mechanics base module, the system covers the following topics: Characteristics of centrifugal pumps Pump characteristic curves of centrifugal pumps Series and parallel configuration of pumps Determining pump power

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

1 Introduction

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Unit description

4 3 2
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13 14

16

17
DI N

0
bar

1 0
K 1, . l 6

8
DI N DN I

-1
ba r

0
K 1, 6 l.

-1
bar

0
K 1, 6 l.

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

18 12

Fig. 2.1

15

16

10

17

12

1 Fig. 2.2

13

14

11

Unit construction (top view)

2 Unit description

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

2.1

Unit construction

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

(Fig. 2.1 and 2.2) 1 - Reservoir 2 - Emergency overflow 3 - Inflow branch for water supply 4 - Stop-cock pump 1 intake side 5 - Stop-cock pump 2 intake side 6 - Stop-cock Connections pipe 7 - Stop-cock pump 1 delivery side 8 - Stop-cock outflow 9 - Centrifugal pump 1 10 - Centrifugal pump 2

11 - Switchbox with main switch for centrifugal pumps 12 - Outflow branch 13 - Manometer pump 1 intake side 14 - Manometer pump 1 delivery side 15 - Manometer pump 2 intake side 16 - Manometer pump 2 delivery side 17 - Manometer outflow 18 - Carrying handles 19 - Drain pipe to slot into outflow branch (not visible)

2.2

Unit function and operation The HM 150.16 series and parallel configuration of pumps system is an accessory to the HM 150 fluid mechanics base module, but can be used independently of it. The system is fitted with two identical centrifugal pumps (9, 10), which can be connected via a pipe system and appropriately configured stop-cocks, in series or parallel to each other. A reservoir for water (1) ensures a virtually constant pressure level on the intake side of the pumps, independent of the water supply. Manometers indicate the pressures at all key points in the system. Flow measurements can be performed using the HM 150 fluid mechanics base module.

2 Unit description

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

2.3 3

Startup Mount the system on the HM 150 fluid mechanics base module. Connect the water supply: Either via an inlet cock of the HM 150 base module on the inflow branch (3) or by connecting the mains water to the inflow branch (3)

12 19

Slot the supplied drain pipe (19) into the outflow branch (12) and feed it into the collecting tray of the HM 150 base module.

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

Fig. 2.3

2.4

Care and maintenance Light incursion promotes algae growth, so store the unit with the reservoir emptied. The centrifugal pumps are practically maintenance-free. The system should be cleaned from time to time. Do not use abrasive cleaning agents, in order to prevent scratching.

2 Unit description

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

3 3.1

Safety Dangers to life and limb

DANGER! Protect the switchbox from splashing water! Danger of electric shock. DANGER! Before making contact with the electrical system disconnect the mains plug! Danger of electric shock.

03/97 All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

3.2

Risks to the unit and its function IMPORTANT! Protect the system from frost! The pumps or manometers may be destroyed. When operating after lengthy downtimes open and close the stop-cocks several times! The function of the stop-cocks may be impaired by liming.

3 Safety

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

4 4.1

Theory Centrifugal pumps

3 4 1

2
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Fig. 4.1
All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

The mode of operation of centrifugal pumps is based on the flow principle. A delivery medium (water) is set in motion by a driven blade wheel (1) with angled blades, which rotates in a helical housing (2). The water is accelerated by centrifugal force and fed into the delivery pipe (3). The outpouring of the water creates a negative pressure (vacuum) at the intake branch (4) and the water flows through the connected intake pipe. Depending on the pressure difference to be overcome, single-stage or multi-stage centrifugal pumps are used. Centrifugal pumps generate a uniform volumetric flow without pressure surges, and consequently are the most common types of pump used in conveying liquids.

4.2

Pump characteristic curve The delivered volumetric flow is dependent on the pressure which the pump has to generate within a pipe network.

Pump pressure p

If the required pump pressure is high, the resulting volumetric flow will be low. At low pump pressure the volumetric flow is high.
. Volumetric flow V

These correlations are represented in the pump characteristic curve (Fig. 4.2), where the pressure difference between intake and delivery side of the pump p is plotted over the delivered volu. metric flow V.

Fig. 4.2

4 Theory

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

4.3
pges

Series configuration of pumps

Pumpe 2

p2

The pump pressures are added together, the volumetric flow remains the same. The pump characteristic curve becomes steeper. Thus:

Pumpe 1

p1

ptot = p1 + p2
. V

(4.1)

with

Fig. 4.3
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pi - pressure difference on the pump i

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

4.4
p

Parallel configuration of pumps The volumetric flows of the pumps are added together, the achievable pump pressure remains the same.
. V2 . V

Pump 2 Pump 1 . V1

In other words: With identical pressure difference . p a higher volumetric flow V can be delivered. Thus: . . . Vtot = V1 + V2 (4.2)

Fig. 4.4

4.5

Pump power The total power P of the pump results from the . volumetric flow V and the achieved pressure difference p between the delivery and intake sides of the pump: . P = pV (4.3)

4 Theory

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

5 5.1

Experiments Determining volumetric flow In all experiments it is necessary to determine the . volumetric flow V. This can be done with the aid of the volumetric tank of the HM 150 base module. For this, it is advisable to measure the filling time t for a rise in the water level from 20 to 30 litres (volume V= 10 litres).

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The volumetric flow is produced as . V V= t

Fig. 5.1

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(5.1)

5.2

Plotting pump characteristic curves Preparing the experiment Start up the system as per Chapter 2 Select the pump configuration: Single operation In series In parallel

5 Experiments

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

5.2.1

Single pump The pumps are of identical construction. Pump 1 is used for the experiment:
5 6 15 16 17 8

03/97

4
All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

13

14 9

7 11

Fig. 5.2

Performing the experiment Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.2 handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed, handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open

Switch on pump 1 (9) with the main switch on the switchbox (11); pump 2 must remain off! . Set the volumetric flow V with the drain cock (8); ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir Record measured values: -

PSuction on the intake side of the pump (13)

PDelivery on the delivery side of the pump (14) . - Volumetric flow V as per Chapter 5.1 (HM 150) . Vary volumetric flow V and repeat previous measuring procedure.

5 Experiments

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Test : Single Pump Experiment - Nr.: Date : Komments :

HM150, measured time in s

Volumetric flow rate . V in l/s

Suction pressure pSuction in bar

Delivery pressure pDelivery

in bar

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

5 Experiments

10

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

5.2.2

Series configuration of two pumps

5 6 15 16 10 17 8

03/97

4 Fig. 5.3

13

14 9

7 11

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

Performing the experiment Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.3 handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed, handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open

Switch on both pumps (9,10) with the main switch on the switchbox (11) . Set the volumetric flow V with the drain cock (8); ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir Record measured values: -

PSuction,1 on the intake side of pump 1 (13) PDelivery,1 on the delivery side of the pump 1 (14) PSuction,2 on the intake side of pump 2 (15)

PDelivery,2 on the delivery side of pump 2 (16), . - volumetric flow V as per Chapter 5.1 (HM 150) . Vary volumetric flow V and repeat previous measuring procedure.

5 Experiments

11

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Test : Series configuration of two pumps Experiment-Nr.: Date : Komments :

HM150, measured time in s

Volumetric flow. rate V in l/s

Suction pressure p1Suction in bar

Delivery pressure p1Delivery

in bar

Suction pressure p2Suction in bar

Outflow pressure p2Delivery

in bar

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

5 Experiments

12

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

5.2.3

Parallel configuration of two pumps

5 6 15 16 10 17 8

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4 Fig. 5.4

13

14 9

7 11

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

Performing the experiment Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.4 handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed, handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open

Switch on both pumps (9,10) with the main switch on the switchbox (11) . Set the volumetric flow V with the drain cock (8); ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir Record measured values: -

PSuction,1 on the intake side of pump 1 (13) PDelivery,1 on the delivery side of pump 1 (14) PSuction,2 on the intake side of pump 2 (15) PDelivery,2 on the delivery side of pump 2 (16),

POutflow at the outflow (17) . - Volumetric flow V as per Chapter 5.1 (HM150) . Vary volumetric flow V and repeat previous measuring procedure.

5 Experiments

13

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Test : Parallel configuration of two pumps Experiment - Nr.: Date : Komments :

HM150, measured time in s

03/97

Volumetric flow. rate V in l/s

Suction pressure p1Suction in bar

Delivery pressure p1Delivery

in bar

Suction pressure p2Suction in bar

Delivery pressure p2Delivery

in bar

Delivery pressure pOutflow

in bar

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

5 Experiments

14

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

5.3

Plot the pump characteristic curves Evaluating the experiment Characteristic curves for the pumps can be plotted from the measured values. A work sheet has been prepared for this purpose, and is shown in the Appendix. For direct comparison it is advisable to plot all three curves - single pump, series configuration, parallel configuration- in one graph. On the vertical axis the pressure difference p between the intake side and delivery side is plotted:

03/97

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pOutflow pDelivery,1 = pDelivery,2

pDelivery,2

Single pump:

p = pDelivery pSuction

Series configuration: p = pDelivery,2 pSuction,1

pDelivery,1 = pSuction,2

Parallel configuration: p = pOutflow pSuction,1. In series configuration:

pSuction,1

pSuction,2 pSuction,1

pDelivery,1 = pSuction ,2
In parallel configuration:

Fig. 5.5

pSuction,1 = pSuction and ,2 pDelivery,1 = pDelivery,2 = pOutflow

On the horizontal axis the respective volumetric . flows V are plotted.

5 Experiments

15

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

6 6.1

Appendix Technical data Pump Type: Rotational speed: Max. volumetric flow Max. delivery head Delivery medium: Power supply:

2 x centrifugal pump 1450 rpm 40 l/min 40 m Clean water 230V ~ /50Hz 2 x 0.4 kW

03/97

Alternatives optional, see type plate Power consumption: Manometers Intake side pump 1: Delivery side pump 1: Intake side pump 2: Delivery side pump 2: Outflow side: Pipe connections Main dimensions L x W x H: Weight: Connected loads:

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

-1 to 1,5 0-6 -1 - 5 0-6 0 - 10 20 and 32

bar bar bar bar bar mm

1100 x 650 x 695 approx. 50kg

mm

230V ~ /50Hz

Alternatives optional, see type plate

6 Appendix

16