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This document describes the configuration of the 4-port 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet switch on Cisco 1711 and Cisco 1712 Security Access routers running Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)ZL and higher, and the Cisco WIC-4ESW interface card supported on Cisco 1721, Cisco 1751, Cisco 1751-V, and Cisco 1760 routers, running Cisco IOS Release 12.3(2)XC and higher. The 4-port 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet switch is a Layer 2 Ethernet switch with Layer 3 routing capability, and supports a maximum of 16 VLANs. (Layer 3 routing is forwarded to the host, and is not actually performed at the switch.) There are no new or modified commands for use with the switch. All commands used with the switch are documented in the Cisco IOS command reference publications. The first port on the Cisco WIC-4ESW is always identified as 1. For the Cisco 1721 router, the ports are referred to as FastEthernet1 to FastEthernet4, no matter in what slot the card is installed. On the Cisco 1751 router and the Cisco 1760 router, the Fast Ethernet interfaces on Cisco WIC-4ESW are addressed as F<slot>/1 through F<slot>/4, depending in what slot the card is installed. (In this document, the ports will be referred as F1 through F4.)
Note
The Cisco 1700 series routers support one WIC-4ESW only. If you add more than one WIC-4ESW, then you might see one of the error messages as described in Table 1.
Table 1
Error Message
The router has an unsupported combination of WIC-4ESW cards. Switch driver setup error. Initialization failure.
Recommended Action Make sure that you add one WIC-4ESW card only.
The Ethernet switch driver detected an Copy the error message exactly as it appears, and error while initializing. then contact a Cisco Technical Support Representative.
Corporate Headquarters: Cisco Systems, Inc., 170 West Tasman Drive, San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA
Benefits
The following topics provide information about the 4-port Ethernet switch, along with configuration guidelines and examples:
Benefits, page 2 Supported Standards, page 2 Platform Limitations, page 3 Supported Features, page 4 Configuration Guidelines, page 17 Related Documentation, page 42 Obtaining Documentation, page 42 Obtaining Technical Assistance, page 43 Obtaining Additional Publications and Information, page 44 Glossary, page 45
Benefits
The following benefits are provided by the switch:
Statistical gains by combining multiple traffic types over a common IP infrastructure Security options, including
IP security (IPSec) Intrusion Detection System (IDS) (access control list (ACL)) Virtual Private Network (VPN) Context-based Access Control (CBAC) firewall options
Broadband WAN options The Interface Range Specification feature, which makes configuration easier because
Identical commands can be entered once for a range of interfaces, rather than being entered
Supported Standards
The following standards are supported:
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Platform Limitations
Platform Limitations
The following features are not supported on the switch:
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) trunking protocols (server and client modes, and transparent mode v2) Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) backbone fast STP portfast Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) guard STP uplink fast STP Root Guard STP Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD) Port security Protected Port 802.1x port-based authentication Storm control Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Snooping 802.1P priority override MAC address table commands EtherChannel Enable or disable per port based on unknown unicast or multicast flooding Multicast groups IP multicast support Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP) client, CGMP fast-leave Dynamic access ports Dynamic trunk protocol Dynamic VLANs Voice VLANs General Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP), GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP), and GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) Cisco Inter-Switch Link (ISL) tagging (the chip does not support ISL) Layer 3 onboard switching Monitoring of VLANs Multi-VLAN ports network port Shared STP instances VLAN-based SPAN VLAN Query Protocol (VQP) VTP pruning protocol
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Supported Features
Supported Features
The switch supports the features described below:
Layer 2 Ethernet Interfaces, page 4 Switch Virtual Interfaces (SVIs), page 6 VLAN Trunking Protocol (Transparent Mode Only), page 7 Spanning Tree Protocol, page 8 Cisco Discovery Protocol, page 14 Quality of Service, page 14
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Supported Features
VLAN Trunks
A trunk is a point-to-point link between one or more Ethernet switch interfaces and another networking device such as a router or a switch. Trunks carry the traffic of multiple VLANs over a single link and allow you to extend VLANs across an entire network. The switch supports only one encapsulation on all Ethernet interfaces, 802.1Q-802.1Q, an industry-standard trunking encapsulation.
Feature Interface mode Trunk encapsulation Allowed VLAN range Default VLAN (for access ports) Native VLAN (for 802.1Q trunks) Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) STP port priority STP port cost
Default Value switchport mode access switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q VLANs 1-1005 VLAN 1 VLAN 1 Enabled for all VLANs 128 100 for 10-Mbps Ethernet interfaces 19 for 10/100-Mbps Fast Ethernet interfaces 19 for 1000-Mbps Fast Ethernet interfaces
When you connect a Cisco switch to a device other than a Cisco device through an 802.1Q trunk, the Cisco switch combines the Spanning Tree instance of the VLAN trunk with the Spanning Tree instance of the other 802.1Q switch. However, Spanning Tree information for each VLAN is maintained by Cisco switches separated by a cloud of 802.1Q switches that are not Cisco switches. The 802.1Q cloud separating the Cisco switches and that is not Cisco devised, is treated as a single trunk link between the switches.
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Supported Features
Make sure that the native VLAN for an 802.1Q trunk is the same on both ends of the trunk link. If the VLAN on one end of the trunk is different from the VLAN on the other end, Spanning Tree loops might result. Inconsistencies detected by a Cisco switch mark the line as broken and block traffic for the specific VLAN.
Caution
Disabling Spanning Tree protocol on the VLAN of an 802.1Q trunk without disabling Spanning Tree protocol on every VLAN in the network can potentially cause Spanning Tree loops. Cisco recommends that you leave Spanning Tree protocol enabled on the VLAN of an 802.1Q trunk or that you disable Spanning Tree protocol on every VLAN in the network. Make sure that your network is loop-free before disabling Spanning Tree protocol.
Note
You must use the vlan database command to completely configure VLAN interface instances. The vlan database command adds the VLAN instance to the Flash-based database. You must also enter the interface vlan command to enable the VLAN interface. For additional information, see the configuration guidelines and examples in the Configuring VLANs and SVIs section on page 23.
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Supported Features
VTP Domain
A VTP domain (or VLAN management domain) is made up of one or more interconnected switches that share the same VTP domain name. A switch can be configured to be in one and only one VTP domain. You make global VLAN configuration changes for the domain using either the command-line interface (CLI) or Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). By default, the switch is in VTP server mode and is in an unnamed domain state until the switch receives an advertisement for a domain over a trunk link or until you configure a management domain. You cannot create or modify VLANs on a VTP server until the management domain name is specified or learned. If the switch receives a VTP advertisement over a trunk link, it inherits the management domain name and the VTP configuration revision number. The switch ignores advertisements with a different management domain name or an earlier configuration revision number. When you make a change to the VLAN configuration on a VTP server, the change is propagated to all switches in the VTP domain. VTP advertisements are transmitted out all trunk connections using IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation. VTP maps VLANs dynamically across multiple LAN types with unique names and internal index associations. Mapping eliminates excessive device administration required from network administrators.
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Supported Features
VTP Advertisements
Each switch in the VTP domain sends periodic advertisements out each trunk interface to a reserved multicast address. VTP advertisements are received by neighboring switches, which update their VTP and VLAN configurations as necessary. The following global configuration information is distributed in VTP advertisements:
VLAN IDs (801.Q) VTP domain name VTP configuration revision number VLAN configuration, including maximum transmission unit (MTU) size for each VLAN Frame format
Follow these guidelines and restrictions when implementing VTP in your network:
All switches in a VTP domain must run the same VTP version. You must configure a password on each switch in the management domain when in secure mode. A VTP version 2capable switch can operate in the same VTP domain as a switch running VTP version 1, provided that VTP version 2 is disabled on the VTP version 2capable switch. (VTP version 2 is disabled by default.) Do not enable VTP version 2 on a switch unless all switches in the same VTP domain are version 2-capable. When you enable VTP version 2 on a switch, all version 2capable switches in the domain enable VTP version 2 The Cisco IOS end and Ctrl-Z commands are not supported in VLAN database mode. The VLAN database stored on internal Flash memory is supported. Use the squeeze flash command to remove old copies of overwritten VLAN databases.
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Supported Features
STP defines a tree with a root switch and a loop-free path from the root to all switches in the Layer 2 network. Spanning Tree forces redundant data paths into a standby (blocked) state. If a network segment in the Spanning Tree fails and a redundant path exists, the Spanning Tree algorithm recalculates the Spanning Tree topology and activates the standby path. When two ports on a switch are part of a loop, the Spanning Tree port priority and port path cost setting determine which port is put in the forwarding state and which port is put in the blocking state. The Spanning Tree port priority value represents the location of an interface in the network topology and how well located it is to pass traffic. The Spanning Tree port path cost value represents media speed.
The unique bridge ID (bridge priority and MAC address) associated with each VLAN on each switch The Spanning Tree path cost to the root bridge The port identifier (port priority and MAC address) associated with each Layer 2 interface
The bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) are transmitted in one direction from the root switch, and each switch sends configuration BPDUs to communicate and compute the Spanning Tree topology. Each configuration BPDU contains the following minimal information:
The unique bridge ID of the switch that the transmitting switch believes to be the root switch The Spanning Tree path cost to the root The bridge ID of the transmitting bridge Message age The identifier of the transmitting port Values for the hello, forward delay, and max-age protocol timers
Note
When a switch transmits a bridge packet data unit (BPDU) frame, all switches connected to the LAN on which the frame is transmitted receive the BPDU. When a switch receives a BPDU, it does not forward the frame but instead uses the information in the frame to calculate a BPDU, and, if the topology changes, initiate a BPDU transmission. A BPDU exchange results in the following:
One switch is elected as the root switch. The shortest distance to the root switch is calculated for each switch based on the path cost. A designated bridge for each LAN segment is selected. This is the switch closest to the root bridge through which frames is forwarded to the root. A root port is selected. This is the port providing the best path from the bridge to the root bridge. Ports included in the Spanning Tree are selected. Election of the root bridge.
For each VLAN, the switch with the highest bridge priority (the lowest numerical priority value) is elected as the root switch. If all switches are configured with the default priority (32768), the switch with the lowest MAC address in the VLAN becomes the root switch.
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Supported Features
The Spanning Tree root switch is the logical center of the Spanning Tree topology in a switched network. All paths that are not needed to reach the root switch from anywhere in the switched network are placed in Spanning Tree blocking mode. BPDUs contain information about the transmitting bridge and its ports, including bridge and MAC addresses, bridge priority, port priority, and path cost. Spanning Tree uses this information to elect the root bridge and root port for the switched network, as well as the root port and designated port for each switched segment.
STP Timers
Table 3 describes the STP timers that affect the entire Spanning Tree performance.
Table 3 STP Timers
Purpose Determines how often the switch broadcasts hello messages to other switches. Determines how long each of the listening and learning states will last before the port begins forwarding Determines the amount of time that protocol information received on a port is stored by the switch.
BlockingThe Layer 2 interface does not participate in frame forwarding. ListeningFirst transitional state after the blocking state when Spanning Tree determines that the Layer 2 interface should participate in frame forwarding. LearningThe Layer 2 interface prepares to participate in frame forwarding. ForwardingThe Layer 2 interface forwards frames. DisabledThe Layer 2 interface does not participate in Spanning Tree and is not forwarding frames. From initialization to blocking From blocking to listening or to disabled From listening to learning or to disabled From learning to forwarding or to disabled From forwarding to disabled
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Note
For an illustration of how a port moves through the five stages mentioned above, refer to Figure 1 (STP Port States) in the 16- and 36-Port Ethernet Switch Module for Cisco 2600 Series, Cisco 3600 Series, and Cisco 3700 Series documentation that is available at the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/122t/122t11/ft1636nm.ht m#1433396. This document includes illustrations and detailed information about switch functionality. When you enable Spanning Tree, every port in the switch, VLAN, or network goes through the blocking state and the transitory states of listening and learning at power up. If properly configured, each Layer 2 interface stabilizes to the forwarding or blocking state. When the Spanning Tree algorithm places a Layer 2 interface in the forwarding state, the following process occurs:
1. 2. 3. 4.
The Layer 2 interface is put into the listening state while it waits for protocol information that suggests that it should go to the blocking state. The Layer 2 interface waits for the forward delay timer to expire, moves the Layer 2 interface to the learning state, and resets the forward delay timer. In the learning state, the Layer 2 interface continues to block frame forwarding as it learns end station location information for the forwarding database. The Layer 2 interface waits for the forward delay timer to expire and then moves the Layer 2 interface to the forwarding state, where both learning and frame forwarding are enabled.
Blocking State
A Layer 2 interface in the blocking state does not participate in frame forwarding. After initialization, a BPDU is sent out to each Layer 2 interface in the switch. A switch initially assumes it is the root until it exchanges BPDUs with other switches. This exchange establishes which switch in the network is the root or root bridge. If only one switch is in the network, no exchange occurs, the forward delay timer expires, and the ports move to the listening state. A port always enters the blocking state following switch initialization. A Layer 2 interface in the blocking state performs as follows:
Discards frames received from the attached segment. Discards frames switched from another interface for forwarding. Does not incorporate end station location into its address database. (There is no learning on a blocking Layer 2 interface, so there is no address database update.) Receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module. Does not transmit BPDUs received from the system module. Receives and responds to network management messages.
Listening State
The listening state is the first transitional state a Layer 2 interface enters after the blocking state. The Layer 2 interface enters this state when STP determines that the Layer 2 interface should participate in frame forwarding.
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Supported Features
Discards frames received from the attached segment. Discards frames switched from another interface for forwarding. Does not incorporate end station location into its address database. (There is no learning at this point, so there is no address database update.) Receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module. Receives, processes, and transmits BPDUs received from the system module. Receives and responds to network management messages.
Learning State
A Layer 2 interface in the learning state prepares to participate in frame forwarding. The Layer 2 interface enters the learning state from the listening state. A Layer 2 interface in the learning state performs as follows:
Discards frames received from the attached segment. Discards frames switched from another interface for forwarding. Incorporates end station location into its address database. Receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module. Receives, processes, and transmits BPDUs received from the system module. Receives and responds to network management messages.
Forwarding State
A Layer 2 interface in the forwarding state forwards frames. The Layer 2 interface enters the forwarding state from the learning state. A Layer 2 interface in the forwarding state performs as follows:
Forwards frames received from the attached segment. Forwards frames switched from another Layer 2 interface for forwarding. Incorporates end station location information into its address database. Receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module. Processes BPDUs received from the system module. Receives and responds to network management messages.
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Supported Features
Disabled State
A Layer 2 interface in the disabled state does not participate in frame forwarding or Spanning Tree. A Layer 2 interface in the disabled state is virtually nonoperational. A disabled Layer 2 interface performs as follows:
Discards frames received from the attached segment. Discards frames switched from another Layer 2 interface for forwarding. Does not incorporate end station location into its address database. (There is no learning, so there is no address database update.) Does not receive BPDUs. Does not receive BPDUs for transmission from the system module.
Feature Enable state Bridge priority Spanning Tree port priority (configurable on a per-interface basis)
Default Value Spanning Tree enabled for all VLANs 32768 128
Spanning Tree port cost (configurable on a per-interface Fast Ethernet: 19 basis) Ethernet: 100 Spanning Tree VLAN port priority (configurable on a per-VLAN basis) Spanning Tree VLAN port cost (configurable on a per-VLAN basis) Hello time Forward delay time Maximum aging time 128 Fast Ethernet: 10 Ethernet: 10 2 seconds 15 seconds 20 seconds
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Supported Features
Quality of Service
Typically, networks operate on a best-effort delivery basis, which means that all traffic has equal priority and an equal chance of being delivered in a timely manner. When congestion occurs, all traffic has an equal chance of being dropped. With the QoS feature configured on your switch, you can select specific network traffic, prioritize it according to its relative importance, and use congestion-management and congestion-avoidance techniques to provide preferential treatment. Implementing QoS in your network makes network performance more predictable and bandwidth utilization more effective. The QoS implementation for this release is based on the DiffServ architecture, an emerging standard from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). This architecture specifies that each packet is classified upon entry into the network. The classification is carried in the IP packet header, using 6 bits from the deprecated IP type of service (ToS) field to carry the classification (class) information. Classification can also be carried in the Layer 2 frame.
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Supported Features
These special bits in the Layer 2 frame or a Layer 3 packet are described here and shown in Figure 1 on page 15.
Layer 2 802.1Q frame headers have a 2-byte Tag Control Information field that carries the CoS value in the three most-significant bits, which are called the User Priority bits. On interfaces configured as Layer 2 802.1Q trunks, all traffic is in 802.1Q frames except for traffic in the native VLAN. Other frame types cannot carry Layer 2 CoS values. Layer 2 CoS values range from 0 for low priority to 7 for high priority. Layer 3 IP packets can carry either an IP precedence value or a Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value. QoS supports the use of either value, because DSCP values are backward-compatible with IP precedence values. IP precedence values range from 0 to 7. DSCP values range from 0 to 63.
QoS Classification Layers in Frames and Packets
Figure 1
Layer 2 ISL Frame ISL header (26 bytes) Encapsulated frame 1... (24.5 KB) 3 bits used for CoS Layer 2 802.1Q and 802.1p Frame Preamble Start frame delimiter DA SA Tag PT Data FCS FCS (4 bytes)
Version length
ToS (1 byte)
Len
ID
Offset TTL
IP precedence or DSCP
Note
Layer 2 Inter-Switch Link (ISL) frame is not supported in this release. All switches and routers across the Internet rely on the class information to provide the same forwarding treatment to packets with the same class information and different treatment to packets with different class information. The class information in the packet can be assigned by end hosts or by switches or
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Supported Features
routers along the way, based on a configured policy, detailed examination of the packet, or both. Detailed examination of the packet is expected to happen closer to the edge of the network so that the core switches and routers are not overloaded. Switches and routers along the path can use the class information to limit the amount of resources allocated per traffic class. The behavior of an individual device when handling traffic in the DiffServ architecture is called per-hop behavior. If all devices along a path provide a consistent per-hop behavior, you can construct an end-to-end QoS solution. Implementing QoS in your network can be a simple or complex task and depends on the QoS features offered by your internetworking devices, the traffic types and patterns in your network, and the granularity of control you need over incoming and outgoing traffic. The Ethernet switch can function as a Layer 2 switch connected to a Layer 3 router. When a packet enters the Layer 2 engine directly from a switch port, it is placed into one of four queues in the dynamic, 120 KB shared memory buffer. The queue assignment is based on the dot1p value in the packet. The queues are then serviced on a weighted round-robin (WRR) basis. Table 5 summarizes the queues, CoS values, and weights for Layer 2 QoS on the Ethernet switch.
Table 5 Queues, CoS Values, and Weights for Layer2 QoS
Queue Number 3 2 1 0
Weight 8 4 2 1
The weights specify the number of packets that are serviced in the queue before moving on to the next queue. If the queue has no packets to be serviced, it is skipped. Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) is not supported on the Fast Ethernet ports. The WRR default values cannot be changed. There are currently no CLI commands to determine QoS information for WRR weights and queue mappings. You cannot configure port based QoS on the Layer 2 switch ports.
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Configuration Guidelines
Configuration Guidelines
This section provides guidelines for configuring the switch and contains the following sections:
Configuration Prerequisites, page 17 Configuring Layer 2 Interfaces, page 17 Configuring VLANs and SVIs, page 23 Configuring VTP (Transparent Mode), page 27 Configuring Spanning Tree, page 28 Verifying the Switch Port Configuration, page 35 Configuring IP Information, page 35 Configuration Examples, page 37 Optional Interface Feature Examples, page 38 VLAN Configuration Example, page 39 Disabling VTP (VTP Transparent Mode) Example, page 39 Spanning Tree Examples, page 39
Configuration Prerequisites
The following are prerequisites to configuring the Ethernet switch:
Configure IP routing. (Refer to the Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide.) Use of the Cisco IOS T Release, beginning with 12.2(15)ZL or later for Cisco WIC-4ESW support. (Refer to the Cisco IOS documentation.)
Note
The Cisco 1700 series routers support one WIC-4ESW only. If you add more than one WIC-4ESW, then you might see one of the error messages as described in Table 1 on page 1.
Configuring a Range of Interfaces, page 18 (required) Defining a Range Macro, page 18 (optional) Configuring Layer 2 Optional Interface Features, page 19 (optional)
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Configuration Guidelines
The space before the dash is required. For example, the command interface range fastethernet 1 - 4 for a Cisco 1721 router is valid; the command interface range fastethernet 1-4 is not valid. The command interface range fastethernet <slot>/1 <slot>/4 for Cisco 1751 and Cisco 1760 routers is valid; the command interface range fastethernet <slot>/1-<slot>/4 is not valid. You can enter one macro or up to five comma-separated ranges. Comma-separated ranges can include both VLANs and physical interfaces. You are not required to enter spaces before or after the comma. The interface range command only supports VLAN interfaces that are configured with the interface vlan command.
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Configuration Guidelines
Interface Speed and Duplex Configuration Guidelines, page 19 Configuring the Interface Speed, page 19 Configuring the Interface Duplex Mode, page 20 Configuring a Description for an Interface, page 21 Configuring an Ethernet Interface as a Layer 2 Trunk, page 21 Configuring an Ethernet Interface as Layer 2 Access, page 22
If both ends of the line support autonegotiation, Cisco highly recommends the default autonegotiation settings. If one interface supports autonegotiation and the other end does not, configure duplex and speed on both interfaces; do not use the auto setting on the supported side. Both ends of the line need to be configured to the same setting. For example, both hard-set or both auto-negotiate. Mismatched settings are not supported.
Caution
Changing the interface speed and duplex mode configuration might shut down and reenable the interface during the reconfiguration.
Purpose Selects the interface to be configured. Sets the interface speed of the interface.
Note
If you set the interface speed to auto on a 10/100-Mbps Ethernet interface, both speed and duplex are autonegotiated.
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Selects the interface to be configured. Sets the duplex mode of the interface.
Note
If you set the port speed to auto on a 10/100-Mbps Ethernet interface, both speed and duplex are autonegotiated. You cannot change the duplex mode of autonegotiation interfaces. The following example shows how to set the interface duplex mode to full on Fast Ethernet interface 4:
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 4 Router(config-if)#duplex full
Use the show interfaces command to verify the interface speed and duplex mode configuration for an interface, as shown in the following output example:
Router#show interfaces fastethernet 4 FastEthernet4 is up, line protocol is down Hardware is Fast Ethernet, address is 0000.0000.0c89 (bia 0000.0000.0c89) MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) Auto-duplex, Auto-speed ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 3 packets output, 1074 bytes, 0 underruns(0/0/0) 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 5 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out Router#
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Selects the interface to configure. (Optional) Shuts down the interface to prevent traffic flow until configuration is complete.
Note
Router(config-if)#switch port mode trunk Router(config-if)#switch port trunk native vlan vlan_num Router(config-if)#switch port trunk allowed vlan {add | except | none | remove} vlan1[,vlan[,vlan[,...]] Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Configures the interface as a Layer 2 trunk. For 802.1Q trunks, specifies the native VLAN. (Optional) Configures the list of VLANs allowed on the trunk. All VLANs are allowed by default. You cannot remove any of the default VLANs from a trunk. Activates the interface. (Required only if you shut down the interface.) Exits configuration mode.
Step 6 Step 7
Router(config-if)#end
Note
Ports do not support Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP). Ensure that the neighboring switch is set to a mode that will not send DTP.
Verifying an Ethernet Interface as a Layer 2 Trunk
Use the following show commands to verify the configuration for an Ethernet interface as a Layer 2 trunk.
Router#show running-config interface fastethernet 4 Building configuration... Current configuration: ! interface FastEthernet4 no ip address switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q end Router#show interfaces fastethernet 4 switchport
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Configuration Guidelines
Name: Fa4 Switchport: Enabled Administrative Mode: trunk Operational Mode: trunk Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Negotiation of Trunking: Disabled Access Mode VLAN: 0 ((Inactive)) Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL Trunking VLANs Active: none Priority for untagged frames: 0 Override vlan tag priority: FALSE Voice VLAN: none Appliance trust: none Router#show interfaces fastethernet 4 trunk Port Mode Encapsulation Status Fa4 on 802.1q trunking Port Fa4 Port Fa4 Port Fa4 Router# Vlans allowed on trunk 1-1005 Vlans allowed and active in management domain 1-2,200,300 Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned 1-2,200,300
Native vlan 1
Purpose Selects the interface to configure. (Optional) Shuts down the interface to prevent traffic flow until configuration is complete. Encapsulation is always dot1q. Configures the interface as a Layer 2 access. For access ports, specifies the access vlan. Activates the interface. (Required only if you shut down the interface.) Exits configuration mode.
Router(config-if)#end
Use the show running-config interface command to verify the running configuration of the interface, as shown below:
Router#show running-config interface fastethernet port
Use the show interfaces command to verify the switch port configuration of the interface, as shown below:
Router#show interfaces fastethernet port switchport
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Configuration Guidelines
Configuring VLANs, page 23 Configuring SVIs, page 24 Deleting a VLAN Instance from the Database, page 25 Deleting an SVI, page 27
Configuring VLANs
Use the following commands, beginning in privileged EXEC mode, to configure an Ethernet interface as Layer 2 access: Command
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Router#vlan database Router(vlan)#vlan vlan_id Router(vlan)#exit
Purpose Enters VLAN configuration mode. Adds an Ethernet VLAN. Updates the VLAN database, propagates it throughout the administrative domain, and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
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Configuration Guidelines
<snip> Router(vlan)#
Enter the show vlan-switch command in EXEC mode using the Cisco IOS CLI to verify the VLAN configuration, as shown below:
Router#show vlan-switch VLAN ---1 2 200 300 1002 1003 1004 1005 Name -------------------------------default VLAN0002 VLAN0200 VLAN0300 fddi-default token-ring-default fddinet-default trnet-default SAID ---------100001 101002 101003 101004 101005 MTU ----1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 Parent -----1005 Status --------active active active active active active active active Ports ------------------------------Fa1, Fa2 Fa3
VLAN Type ---- ----1 enet 1002 fddi 1003 tr 1004 fdnet 1005 trnet Router#
RingNo -----0 -
BridgeNo -------1 1
BrdgMode -------srb -
Trans1 -----1002 1 1 0 0
Configuring SVIs
Use the following commands, beginning in global configuration mode, to configure an SVI for Layer 3 processing: Command
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Router(config)#interface Vlan vlan_num Router(config-if)#ip address ip_address subnet_mask Router(config-if)#end
Purpose Adds an SVI interface for the specified VLAN. (Optional) Adds an IP address for Layer 3 routing capability. Exits configuration mode.
Note
If the layer 2 physical interface go down, then the VLAN to the routing or briding function will also go down. These physical interface must remain up at all times for the SVI to function properly.
Note
One or more switch interfaces must be configured to belong to the VLAN for the SVI to be operational. See the Configuring an Ethernet Interface as a Layer 2 Trunk section on page 21 and the Configuring an Ethernet Interface as Layer 2 Access section on page 22 for information about how to add one or more ports to a VLAN.
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Enters VLAN configuration mode. Deletes the VLAN. Updates the VLAN database, propagates it throughout the administrative domain, and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
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Configuration Guidelines
Enter the show vlan-switch brief command in EXEC mode, using the Cisco IOS CLI to verify that a VLAN has been deleted from the switch, as shown in the following output example:
Router#show vlan-switch brief VLAN Name ---- -------------------------------1 default 2 VLAN0002 200 VLAN0200 300 VLAN0300 1002 fddi-default 1003 token-ring-default 1004 fddinet-default 1005 trnet-default Router# Status --------active active active active active active active active Ports ------------------------------Fa1, Fa2 Fa3
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Configuration Guidelines
Deleting an SVI
Use the following commands, beginning in global configuration mode, to delete an SVI: Command
Step 1 Step 2
Router(config-if)#no interface vlan vlan_id Router(config)#end
Purpose Removes the SVI interface corresponding to the VLAN. Exits configuration mode.
Note
Purpose Enters VLAN configuration mode. Configures VTP transparent mode. Exits VLAN configuration mode.
Verifying VTP
Use the show vtp status command to verify VTP status, as shown in the following output example:
Router#show vtp status VTP Version : 2 Configuration Revision : 0 Maximum VLANs supported locally : 256 Number of existing VLANs : 8 VTP Operating Mode : Transparent VTP Domain Name : NULL VTP Pruning Mode : Disabled VTP V2 Mode : Disabled VTP Traps Generation : Disabled MD5 digest : 0x99 0x04 0x23 0x53 0x35 0x77 0x0F 0xD0 Configuration last modified by 10.1.1.1 at 3-1-02 00:23:59 Router#
Note
The show vtp status command shows the maximum VLANs supported by the router. Although the number might be higher for the router, the switch supports a maximum of 16 VLANs.
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Configuration Guidelines
Enabling Spanning Tree, page 28 Configuring Spanning Tree Port Priority, page 29 Configuring Spanning Tree Port Cost, page 30 Configuring the Bridge Priority of a VLAN, page 30 Configuring the Hello Time, page 31 Configuring the Forward-Delay Time for a VLAN, page 31 Configuring the Maximum Aging Time for a VLAN, page 32 Configuring the Root Bridge, page 32 Disabling Spanning Tree, page 33
Purpose Enables Spanning Tree protocol on a per-VLAN basis. Exits configuration mode.
Router(config)#end
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Configuration Guidelines
Port 4 (FastEthernet4) of VLAN200 is forwarding Port path cost 19, Port priority 128, Port Identifier 128.4. Designated root has priority 32768, address 000b.be96.49a8 Designated bridge has priority 32768, address 000b.be96.49a8 Designated port id is 128.4, designated path cost 0 Timers: message age 0, forward delay 0, hold 0 Number of transitions to forwarding state: 1 BPDU: sent 141, received 0 Router#
Purpose Selects an interface to configure. Configures the port priority for an interface. The port_priority value can be from 1 to 255 in increments of 4. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 3
Configures the VLAN port priority for an interface. The port_priority value can be from 1 to 255 in increments of 4. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 4
Router(config-if)#end
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Selects an interface to configure. Configures the port cost for an interface. The value of port_cost can be from 1 to 200,000,000 (1 to 65,535 in Cisco IOS Releases 12.1(2)E and earlier). Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 3
Configures the VLAN port cost for an interface. The value port_cost can be from 1 to 65,535. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 4
Router(config-if)#end
Be careful when using this command. For most situations the spanning-tree vlan vlan_ID root primary and the spanning-tree vlan vlan_ID root secondary commands are the preferred commands to modify the bridge priority.
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Configuration Guidelines
Use the following commands, in global configuration mode, to configure the Spanning Tree bridge priority of a VLAN: Command
Step 1
Router(config)#[no] spanning-tree vlan vlan_ID priority bridge_priority
Purpose Configures the bridge priority of a VLAN. The bridge_priority value can be from 1 to 65535. Use the no keyword to restore the defaults. Exits configuration mode.
Step 2
Router(config)#end
Protocol -------ieee
Purpose Configures the hello time of a VLAN. The hello_time value can be from 1 to 10 seconds. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 2
Router(config)#end
Purpose Configures the forward time of a VLAN. The value of forward_time can be from 4 to 30 seconds. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 2
Router(config)#end
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Configures the maximum aging time of a VLAN. The value of max_age can be from 6 to 40 seconds. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults.
Step 2
Router(config)#end
Note
The root switch for each instance of Spanning Tree should be a backbone or distribution switch. Do not configure an access switch as the Spanning Tree primary root. Use the diameter keyword to specify the Layer 2 network diameter (that is, the maximum number of bridge hops between any two end stations in the Layer 2 network). When you specify the network diameter, the switch automatically picks an optimal hello time, forward delay time, and maximum age time for a network of that diameter, which can significantly reduce the Spanning Tree convergence time. You can use the hello keyword to override the automatically calculated hello time.
Note
We recommend that you avoid configuring the hello time, forward delay time, and maximum age time manually after configuring the switch as the root bridge.
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Configuration Guidelines
Use the following commands, in global configuration mode, to configure the switch as the root: Command
Step 1
Router(config)#[no] spanning-tree vlan vlan_ID root primary [diameter hops [hello-time seconds]] Router(config)#end
Purpose Configures a switch as the root switch. Use the no form of this command to restore the defaults. Exits configuration mode.
Step 2
Configuring Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), page 33 Enabling CDP on an Interface, page 34 Monitoring and Maintaining CDP, page 35
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Configuration Guidelines
The following example shows how to enable CDP on Fast Ethernet interface 3:
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 3 Router(config-if)#cdp enable
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Resets the traffic counters to zero. Deletes the CDP table of information about neighbors. Verifies global information such as frequency of transmissions and the holdtime for packets being transmitted. Verifies information about a specific neighbor. The display can be limited to protocol version information. Verifies information about interfaces on which CDP is enabled. Verifies information about neighbors. The display can be limited to neighbors on a specific interface and can be expanded to provide more detailed information. Verifies CDP counters, including the number of packets sent and received and checksum errors.
Router#show cdp entry entry_name [protocol | version] Router#show cdp interface port
Use the show run interface command to verify the switch port configuration:
Router#show run interface <interface>
Step 2
Use the write memory command to save the current configuration in Flash memory:
Router#write memory
Configuring IP Information
This section describes how to assign IP information on the Ethernet switch. The following topics are included:
Assigning IP Information to the Switch, page 36 Specifying a Domain Name and Configuring the DNS, page 37
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Configuration Guidelines
Purpose Enters global configuration mode. Enter interface configuration mode, and enter the VLAN to which the IP information is assigned. VLAN 1 is the management VLAN, but you can configure any VLAN from IDs 1 to 1001. Enters the IP address and subnet mask. Returns to global configuration mode. Enters the IP address of the default router. Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Note
Using the no ip address command in configuration mode disables the IP protocol stack and removes the IP information. Cluster members without IP addresses rely on the IP protocol stack being enabled. Use the following commands, beginning in global configuration mode, to remove an IP address from the switch: Command Purpose Enters interface configuration mode, and enters the VLAN to which the IP information is assigned. VLAN 1 is the management VLAN, but you can configure any VLAN from IDs 1 to 1001. Removes the IP address and subnet mask. Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 1
Router(config)#interface vlan 1
Step 2 Step 3
Caution
If you are removing the IP address through a Telnet session, your connection to the switch will be lost.
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Configuration Guidelines
You can specify a default domain name that the software uses to complete domain name requests. You can specify either a single domain name or a list of domain names. When you specify a domain name, any IP host name without a domain name has that domain name appended to it before being added to the host table.
Specifying a Name Server
You can specify up to six hosts that can function as a name server to supply name information for the DNS.
Enabling the DNS
If your network devices require connectivity with devices in networks for which you do not control name assignment, you can assign device names that uniquely identify your devices within the entire internetwork. The Internets global naming scheme, the DNS, accomplishes this task. This service is enabled by default.
Configuration Examples
This section provides the following configuration examples:
Range of Interface Examples, page 38 Optional Interface Feature Examples, page 38 VLAN Configuration Example, page 39 Disabling VTP (VTP Transparent Mode) Example, page 39 Spanning Tree Examples, page 39 Inter-VLAN Routing Example, page 41
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Configuration Guidelines
The following example shows how to change to the interface-range configuration mode using the interface-range macro enet_list:
Router(config)#interface range macro enet_list
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Note
Because Spanning Tree is enabled by default, issuing a show running command to view the resulting configuration will not display the command you entered to enable Spanning Tree.
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Configuration Guidelines
The following example shows Spanning Tree being disabled on VLAN 200:
Router#configure terminal Router(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 200 Router(config)#end Router#
The following example shows how to verify the configuration of VLAN 200 on the interface when it is configured as a trunk port:
Router#show spanning-tree vlan 200 ! Port 264 (FastEthernet3) of VLAN200 is forwarding Port path cost 19, Port priority 64, Port Identifier 129.8. Designated root has priority 32768, address 0010.0d40.34c7 Designated bridge has priority 32768, address 0010.0d40.34c7 Designated port id is 128.1, designated path cost 0 Timers: message age 2, forward delay 0, hold 0 Number of transitions to forwarding state: 1 BPDU: sent 0, received 13513 Router#
The following example shows how to configure the Spanning Tree VLAN port cost of a Fast Ethernet interface:
Router#configure terminal Router(config)#interface fastethernet 3 Router(config-if)#spanning-tree vlan 200 cost 17 Router(config-if)#exit
The following example shows how to verify the configuration of the interface when it is configured as an access port:
Router#show spanning-tree interface fastethernet 3 Port 264 (FastEthernet3) of VLAN200 is forwarding Port path cost 18, Port priority 100, Port Identifier 129.8. Designated root has priority 32768, address 0010.0d40.34c7 Designated bridge has priority 32768, address 0010.0d40.34c7 Designated port id is 128.1, designated path cost 0 Timers: message age 2, forward delay 0, hold 0 Number of transitions to forwarding state: 1 BPDU: sent 0, received 13513 Router#
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Related Documentation
Note
Standard Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) routing protocols such as Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) are supported on the Ethernet switch.
Related Documentation
Refer to the following documentation for additional information on the Cisco 1700 series routers:
Cisco 1760 Router Hardware Installation Guide Cisco 1751 Router Hardware Installation Guide Cisco 1721 Router Hardware Installation Guide Cisco 1711 and Cisco 1712 Security Access Routers Hardware Installation Guide Cisco Interface Cards Installation Guide
Obtaining Documentation
Cisco provides several ways to obtain documentation, technical assistance, and other technical resources. These sections explain how to obtain technical information from Cisco Systems.
Cisco.com
You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm You can access the Cisco website at this URL: http://www.cisco.com International Cisco websites can be accessed from this URL: http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml
Documentation CD-ROM
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a Cisco Documentation CD-ROM package, which may have shipped with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated regularly and may be more current than printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or through an annual or quarterly subscription. Registered Cisco.com users can order a single Documentation CD-ROM (product number DOC-CONDOCCD=) through the Cisco Ordering tool: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/ordering/ordering_place_order_ordering_tool_launch.html
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All users can order annual or quarterly subscriptions through the online Subscription Store: http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription
Ordering Documentation
You can find instructions for ordering documentation at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/es_inpck/pdi.htm You can order Cisco documentation in these ways:
Registered Cisco.com users (Cisco direct customers) can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking Products MarketPlace: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/ordering/index.shtml Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco Systems Corporate Headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS (6387).
Documentation Feedback
You can submit comments electronically on Cisco.com. On the Cisco Documentation home page, click Feedback at the top of the page. You can send your comments in e-mail to bug-doc@cisco.com. You can submit comments by using the response card (if present) behind the front cover of your document or by writing to the following address: Cisco Systems Attn: Customer Document Ordering 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-9883 We appreciate your comments.
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The Cisco Product Catalog describes the networking products offered by Cisco Systems, as well as ordering and customer support services. Access the Cisco Product Catalog at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_catalog_links_launch.html Cisco Press publishes a wide range of networking publications. Cisco suggests these titles for new and experienced users: Internetworking Terms and Acronyms Dictionary, Internetworking Technology Handbook, Internetworking Troubleshooting Guide, and the Internetworking Design Guide. For current Cisco Press titles and other information, go to Cisco Press online at this URL: http://www.ciscopress.com
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Glossary
Packet magazine is the Cisco quarterly publication that provides the latest networking trends, technology breakthroughs, and Cisco products and solutions to help industry professionals get the most from their networking investment. Included are networking deployment and troubleshooting tips, configuration examples, customer case studies, tutorials and training, certification information, and links to numerous in-depth online resources. You can access Packet magazine at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/packet iQ Magazine is the Cisco bimonthly publication that delivers the latest information about Internet business strategies for executives. You can access iQ Magazine at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/iqmagazine Internet Protocol Journal is a quarterly journal published by Cisco Systems for engineering professionals involved in designing, developing, and operating public and private internets and intranets. You can access the Internet Protocol Journal at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/about/ac123/ac147/about_cisco_the_internet_protocol_journal.html TrainingCisco offers world-class networking training. Current offerings in network training are listed at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/index.html
Glossary
802.1pIEEE standard for queuing and multicast support 802.1qIEEE standard for VLAN frame tagging AVVIDArchitecture for Voice, Video, and Integrated Data BPDUbridge protocol data unit CBACContext-based Access Control CDPCisco Discovery Protocol CoSclass of service DSCPDifferentiated Services Code Point IPInternet Protocol PSTNpublic switched telephone network QoSquality of service SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol STPSpanning Tree Protocol VLANvirtual local area network VoIPVoice over IP VPNVirtual Private Network VTPVLAN Trunking Protocol WANwide area network WRRweighted round-robin
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Glossary
This document is to be used in conjunction with the documents listed in the Related Documentation section on page 42.
CCVP, the Cisco logo, and Welcome to the Human Network are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn i a service mark of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Access Registrar, Aironet, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCIP, CCNA, CCNP, CCSP, Cisco, the Cisc Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, GigaDrive, HomeLink, Internet Quotient, IOS iPhone, IP/TV, iQ Expertise, the iQ logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, iQuick Study, LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, Networkers Networking Academy, Network Registrar, PIX, ProConnect, ScriptShare, SMARTnet, StackWise, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient and TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0711R)
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