External Measurement of Student Achievement May 2010

Grade

Science

TEST INSTRUCTIONS
Please make sure that you have a separate answer sheet with this test paper. Please check that the answer sheet has your details printed on it. If not, print your name and date of birth on your answer sheet in the area provided. Please check that the subject and grade number on your answer sheet matches this question paper. This test has 40 QUESTIONS. Each question has four possible answers. Only one is correct. Please use a pencil only to shade in the answer bubble of your choice on your answer sheet. Choose the correct answer from A, B, C or D and shade this bubble in on your SCIENCE ANSWER SHEET. If you make a mistake then rub out your answer completely and shade in the bubble of your new answer. All answers must be marked on your ANSWER SHEET. You are allowed 1 hour and 15 minutes for this test.

Grade 8 Science

What can cause an infectious disease?

A B C D
2

a cancer that develops in the skin disorder of an internal organ a virus in a persons breath lack of vitamins in the diet

What will happen when the light hits the mirror?

A B C D
3

The light will be refracted. The light will be absorbed. The light will be dispersed. The light will be reflected. mirror

light

Adila put some hydrochloric acid (HCl) onto small pieces of zinc. The materials started to fizz. Which gas was released?

A B C D
4

oxygen carbon dioxide hydrogen nitrogen

Which property of a chemical indicator is useful?

A B C D
5

It exists as a solid, liquid or a gas. It changes colour in acids and bases. It changes state with changes in acidity. It changes colour with changes in temperature.

How do people experience infra-red rays?

A B C D

as visible light as heat as smells we cannot sense them

Grade 8 Science

Why are teeth commonly found as fossils?

A B C D
7

tooth enamel is the hardest substance in an animals body many animals have more teeth than other bones predators dont eat the heads of their prey so teeth are commonly left behind scavengers usually digest teeth

Mahmoud tested these cleaning products to find out their pH. Product pH range Oven cleaner 12 - 13 Drain cleaner 13 - 14 Laundry detergent 9 - 10 Toilet bowl cleaner 1 - 3 Shampoo 5 - 6 Window cleaner 10 - 11 Bleach 12 - 13 Which product most likely contains a strong acid?

A B C D
8

toilet bowl cleaner laundry detergent bleach drain cleaner

These two cross sections of rock are from locations 100 metres apart. Location P Location Q What can be concluded from this information?

A Location P is older than location Q B Location Q is more eroded than location P C The oldest rocks would be indicated by D The rocks indicated by must contain the most fossils.
3

Grade 8 Science

In a simple circuit, a 12 V car battery is used to generate a current of 10 A. Using Ohms Law (V = IR), what is the resistance in ohms?

A B C D
10

120 12 1.2 0.12

Key Glossopteris (ancient fern) fossils found here Which statement is supported by the data shown in the diagram above?

A B C D
11

Originally these continents were once joined to form one land mass. Every continent has the same species of vegetation. Most of todays plant species evolved from Glossopteris. Only ferns are found to occur in nature at these sites.

This mirror is used at dangerous intersections to help drivers get a wider view of the road. What kind of mirror would this be?

A B C D

a concave mirror, to focus light rays at one point. a plane mirror, to ensure that there is no distortion. a convex mirrror, to spread light rays out. a convex mirror, to generate parallel rays of light.
4

Grade 8 Science

12
Organism dies in Mud dries and another muddy ground. organism carries the dead organism away. What kind of fossilisation process is this?

Sand or soil blows into the space, which over time hardens.

A B C D
13

petrification carbonisation mummification mould and cast

How can we tell if theres been a chemical reaction? Which answer is best?

A B C D

You get a chemical reaction only when you mix the correct substances. You have a chemical reaction when the reactants are destroyed. You have a chemical reaction when sound and electricity are made. You might have a chemical reaction if a gas is released or there is a colour change.
5

Grade 8 Science

14

Circuit I Circuit II power source bulb If you wanted both bulbs to shine at the same brightness, which circuit would be better?

A B C D
15

I because there is less connecting wire. I because the current is the same around the circuit. II because the same current flows through both globes. II because the wire is used more effectively.

Every year millions of marine animals are killed as a result of being caught in litter which ends up in waterways. Which strategy would not help to stop this problem?

A B C D
16

encourage people to use plastic bags which break down in the environment encourage people to use bags which can be re-used many times use nets to prevent marine animals swimming near where people live place grates over drains that lead into natural waterways to trap rubbish

An electrical circuit can be very dangerous. A short circuit allows electricity to flow freely through the path of least electrical resistance. How do fuses help to reduce the chance of injury from a short circuit?

A B C D

The fuse absorbs spare electricity. The fuse melts and breaks when too much current flows, stopping the current. The fuse is made of a substance which does not transmit electric current. The fuse converts electricity into non-harmful energy waves.

Grade 8 Science

17
Which substance is probably a liquid?

A B C D
18

I because its particles are close together in a fixed pattern I because its particles are close together but moving around each other II because the particles are far apart and moving rapidly II because the particles appear to be moving in a fixed pattern

Who would cover the greatest distance?

A B C D
19

Amal, walking at 1 m/s for 4 hours Khaliq, running at 2 m/s for an hour Mahmoud, driving a car at 4 m/s for an hour Sherrine, riding a bike at 8 m/s for of an hour

A cell was placed into a concentrated solution of iodine. See diagram I cell cell cell membrane cell membrane = iodine molecule cell cell membrane solution solution cell nucleus cell nucleus = iodine molecule I II A short time later, the cell has more iodine molecules inside. See diagram II. solution cell nucleus What best explains this observation?

A B C D

Iodine molecules move from high to low concentrations through cell membranes. Cell membranes only let small numbers of iodine molecules to pass through. Iodine is attracted to the nucleus and other parts of the cell. Iodine molecules are being created inside the cell by the nucleus.
7

II

solid

particles vibrate heat heat particles vibrate heat

liquid formed

Grade 8 Science

20

heat heat Which diagram shows the process of boiling? solid particles liquid vibrate formed A heat heat solid particles liquid heat heat vibrate formed heat heat C heat heat solid particles vibrate liquid formed

solid

heat

liquid formed

B
heat heat solid particles vibrate heat heat particles vibrate heat liquid formed heat heat liquid formed

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21

solid particles liquid heat heat Ibrahim used a strip of universal indicator paper to test the pH of a fluid. vibrate formed The picture shows the range of colours and pH that the paper can indicate. heat heat MidRedOrangeYellowBlueBLUE RED orange Orange yellow Yellow green Green green blue 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ibrahims test strip turned a red-orange colour with the fluid. This showed that the fluid was

A B C D
22

slightly acidic. strongly acidic. neutral. strongly basic (alkaline).

Which would help a building to resist an earthquake?

A B C D

having separate parts that can shake independently making the roof from materials that are heavier than the walls using steel that can bend rather than brittle brick structures holding the building together with weak ties

Grade 8 Science

23
In this situation, you would predict that

A K will slide under J causing mountains to arise along the edge of J.

B J will slide under K causing underwater trenches.

C Both J and K will lift up causing two mountain ranges.

D Both plates will stop moving without lifting or sinking.

Grade 8 Science

24

Complete this equation. Sulphuric acid + Calcium hydroxide g Calcium sulphate + ?

A B C D
25

Oxygen Hydrogen Water Carbon dioxide

Wasims ball and stick model of methane (CH4), the simplest hydrocarbon, looked like this. H C H H What is missing?

A B C D
26

a hydrogen (H) atom a carbon (C) atom an oxygen (O) atom a nitrogen (N) atom

How does vaccination work to prevent people from getting sick?

A B C D
27

It creates a physical barrier in the skin against the disease. It prepares some body cells to react to a particular disease. It makes the person mildly sick with the disease. It provides the body with antibodies which cannot be destroyed.

What could be placed in the path of rays of white light to create a rainbow?

A B C D

a plane mirror a prism a red filter a coloured box

10

Grade 8 Science

28

Which body system or systems helps the body respond to a stimulus such as touching a hot object?

A B C D
29

special nerves and fast-acting hormones nerves because they act faster than hormones hormones because they act more precisely than nerves neither nerves nor hormones because it is a reflex

What feature should buildings in earthquake-prone areas have?

A B C D
30

a large underground cellar a strong and rigid frame heavy roof coverings to stop movement flexibility so they can sway without breaking

Omar mixed some hydrochloric acid (HCl) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH, a base). What would he have most likely detected?

A B C D
31

a small explosion a smelly gas soapy bubbles a salt and water

In the electromagnetic spectrum, waves with shorter wavelength carry more energy. Gamma X-rays Ultra Visible InfraMicrowave rays Violet light red Compared to visible light, microwaves carry

A B C D

no energy. more energy. less energy. the same amount of energy.

11

Grade 8 Science

32

Mona heated a small piece of granite using a gas flame. Then she quickly cooled the rock by dropping it into a container of cold water. She repeated this process five times. She observed small fragments of rock on the bottom of the container. What does the experiment demonstrate?

A B C D
33

The formation of sedimentary rocks. The physical breakdown of rocks. Erosion caused by chemical weathering. The formation of igneous rocks under high temperatures.

Ali placed 3 pieces of cooked potato in 3 beakers. The beakers were left in a warm, dark cupboard for 10 days. mould mould weak base weak acid water solution solution What conclusion can be drawn from these observations?

A B C D

Foods become mouldy more quickly in liquid. Soaking foods in water helps to keep them fresh. Weak acids such as vinegar help to preserve food. Weak bases such as baking soda help to preserve food.
12

Grade 8 Science

34

An atom that has lost (or gained) an electron is an ion. Ions have a charge. Which equation shows the creation of a hydrogen ion?

A B C D
35

H g H+ + electron H+ + electron g H H g H + electron H g H+ + electron

power source electrodes light bulb liquid Which liquid would not cause the bulb to glow?

A B C D

hydrochloric acid sulfuric acid salty water distilled water

13

Grade 8 Science

A A

36

The diagrams below show wave representations of visible light, infra-red, microwaves and radio waves. Visible light transmits the most energy. B Which wave is the light wave?

A B

C C D D

37

D Fossilised remains of fish

A B C D

could be found at both site I and II. could be found at site II but not site I. could be found at site I but not at site II. could not be found at either site I or site II.
14

Grade 8 Science

38

Environment Antarctic, temperatures down to -40C Breeding travel about 90 km inland to reach the breeding site only one mate each year the female penguin lays one egg the female must immediately return to the sea to feed Males hatch the egg by keeping it warm in a pouch for about 125 days without food by surviving on fat reserves and spending most of the time sleeping to conserve energy Which of the following best accounts for the survival of the Emperor Penguins offspring?

Emperor Penguins

A Each couple produces many offspring so some will survive the harsh climate. B Most offspring do not survive as only one parent is involved in rearing the young. C More than one offspring survives because the penguins can live without food for
long periods.

D Intense parental involvement promotes the survival of the young.

39
Why are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon grouped together in the Periodic Table?

A B C D
40

halogens radioactive noble gases liquid at room temperature

What is the best way to produce many offspring with the same features as their parents?

A B C D

sexual reproduction internal fertilisation providing lots of parental care asexual reproduction

15

Grade 8 Science

16

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