Student Teacher: Suzette Gwen B. Aseo B.S. Biology 4 Mrs.

Lozano Subject: Natural Science Estimated Time and Duration: 90 min. I.

Mentor:

Objectives As the discussion progresses and ceases the student should be able to: Compare and contrast between monocot and dicot plants. Understand the concept about the alternation of generation in the reproduction strategies of plants. Recognize the evolution and general classification of plants. Comprehend and absorb the structure and function relationship of plant parts. Acquire applicable and additional knowledge in plant physiology. Distinguish the importance of plants in the biosphere. Appreciate the vital role of plants as food factories in the living world. II. Subject Matter A. Topic : Plant Physiology

B. Source : Chapter IV (Plant Physiology) in Natural Science 2 book; Neil Campbell edited PowerPoint Presentation regarding Plant Diversity (CHAPTER 30) and Plant Structure, Growth and Development (CHAPTER 35); Biology 8TH ed. by Sylvia S. Mader, Plant Evolution and Biology (CHAPTER 5). C. Materials on a Cartolina. III. Procedure A. Motivation Ask them if they know about monocot and eudicot plants, and let them classify some types of plants written on a cartolina under monocot or dicot plants. (Recorded as Activity) B. Lesson Proper Terms/Concepts :
alternation of generation, monocot ad dicot plants, meristematic and permanent tissues, apical meristems, epidermis, periderm, parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, endodermis, vascular tissues, xylem and phloem, cutin, sclerieds, casparian strip, adventitious, primary, fibrous and taproot, root cap, zone of elongation and maturation, root hairs, cortex, corlex, endodermis, stele, pericycle, note and internodes, sapwood, pith, fibrovascular bundle, cambium, photosyntheis, transpiration, auxin, abscisic, lamina, petiole, palisade and spongy layer, mesophyll, petals, sepals, stamen, pistil, suberin, gibberellins, florigen, cytokinin, ethylene, pisatin, pyrethrum, phytotoxin.

: PowerPoint presentation in Plant Physiology, and Visuals

1. What is the difference between monocot and dicot plants? Monocot and dicot plants vary in their seed, root, stem, leaf, and flower types. 2. What is meant by the concept of alternation of generation? Plant has a unique type of reproductive strategies; they alternate between their gametophytic and sporophytic phases. Respectively, the fusion of gametes by meisosis and the development of spores by mitosis. 3. How do these plants are classified? Generally plants are classified into vascular (w/ true roots and stems) and non vascular plants(without true roots and stems e.g. mosses). The former being classified further into seedless and seed plants and so on. 4. What is common among these diverse plant organisms? Usually plants do have the root system simply consists of roots and the shoot system consists of stems and leaves. 5. How are these plant parts organized? The body of the plant consists of a root and shoot system. The shoot sytem contains the stem and leaves, two types of plant vegetative organs. Axillary buds can develop into branches of stems or flowers, the reproductive structures of the plant. The root system is connected to the shoot system by vascular tissue that extends from the roots to the leaves. 6. Describe the function of the root system. The extensive root system of a plant anchors it in the soil and gives it support. The root system absorbs water and minerals from the soil for the entire plant. 7. What is the shoot system? The shoot system of a plant is composed of the stem, the branches, and the leaves. A stem, the main axis of a plant, terminates in the tissue that allows the stem to elongate and produce leaves. Leaves are the major part of a plant that carries on photosynthesis, a process that requires water, carbon dioxide ad sunlight. 8. What are the two major categories of plant tissues? Botanists classify plant tissues into two major categories, namely, meristematic and permanent tissues. The former are composed of embryonic actively dividing cells while the latter are those that do not change in structure and function. 9. What are the specialized tissues in a body plant? Protoderm gives rise to epidermis which is replaced by periderm as the plant grows, the ground meristem produces ground tissues and the procambium produces vascular tissue. 10.What is the structure and function of epidermis? Epidermis is the outer surface tissue, which composed of a single layer of brick- like or rectangular- shaped cells. It is usually coated with a waxy substance

called cutin which provides protection and prevents excessive loss of water. 11.What are the fundamental tissues of a plant? These are mostly simple tissues composed of single type of cells and perform single function. Ground tissue forms a bulk of a plant and contains parenchyma, sclerenchyma and collenchyma. In addition to fundamental tissues, we also have the endoderm and vascular tissues. 12.What are considered the complex tissue of a plant? The complex tissue consists of phloem and xylem, these are also called transport tissue. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and phloem transports sucrose and other organic compounds, including hormones, usually form the leaves to the roots. 13.How are roots organized? What are its function and types? Roots form an extensive sytem more than the above ground parts of the plant. Roots function in anchorage, transportation and absorption, and food storage. Also roots play vital roles in humans. Notably, roots are also diverse in type, adapting and associating to enhance their ability to anchor a plant (e.g. taproot, fibrous, adventitious root system). 14.What are the divisions in a stem? What are the functions of a stem? The stem is the supply line and the connecting link between the roots and the leaves, which is divided into epidermis, cortex, stele and cambium layer. The stem performs such functions as, mechanical support, conduction, photosynthesis, reproduction and protection. 15.What is the external and internal structure of leaves? And what is the function of leaves? Externally, a leaf has two basic parts, the leaf blade and the petiole. Internally, it consists of upper epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer, lower epidermis and mesophyll. Leaves function in photosynthesis, transpiration and exchange of gases, and conduction of nutrients. 16.Give an overview about photosynthesis and respiration. Photosynthesis is the process of food- making in plants in the presence of sunlight and water. Cellular respiration is the breaking of chemical bonds in food and consequently, the release of energy for the cells use. 17.Give example of leaf types. The blade of a leaf can be simple or compound, in a compound leaf it could be pinnately compound, bipinnately compound leaf or palmately compound leaf ad trifoliolate. 18.How do plants reproduce? Reproduction refers to the process by which living things produce offspring. Plant reproduction might be asexual or vegetative and sexual reproduction. 19.How are seed germinated and how flowers developed into a fruit? Germination of a seed begin with inhibition of water, which greatly

increases the volume of a seed. When the ovary of a flower matures following fertilization, it develops into a fruit, just as the ovule of the ovary ripens into a seed. 20.How does a mineral affect a plants nutrition? And how is water transported in a plant? Do plants have hormones? Soil elements play an important role in plant growth and function. The process by which water is transported throughout the plant is called capillary action/ capillarity. Yes, plants do have hormones namely, auxin, gibberellins, florigen, cytokinin, abscisic acid and ethylene which performs specific functions. IV. Evaluation Give what is asked. (30 items) 1. Compare monocot plants from dicot plants in relation to their seeds. 2. Compare monocot plants from dicot plants according to their leaves. 3. The concept given to the phase shift between gametophytic and sporophytic stages. 4. The phase in the reproductive strategies in plants characterized by having a half set of chromosomes (N). 5. The phase in the reproductive strategies in plants containing a full number of chromosomes (2n). 6. Give one example of plant under Bryophytes. 7. Give one example of plant classified under Gymnosperms. 8-9. Give the two systems which operates in the growth and development of all types of plants. 10. The term given to the tissue composed of actively dividing cells. 11. The coat made up of a waxy substance found in the epidermis and prevents excessive loss in water in plants. 12. The epidermis is further differentiated into a __ as the plant grows, this is mainly composed of dead cells. 13-15. Ground tissue fills the interior of the plant it contains, __, __, and __. 16. What is the function of the xylem? 17. What is the function of the phloem? 18. The term given by the first root formed by the young seedling. 19. The roots system described as, formed roots are almost of the same sizes and are close to the surface of the ground. 20. The terminal growing tip of the root is called __. 21. Give at least one function of a stem. 22. It is a stalk that connects the blade to the node on the stem. 23. An internal part of the leaf described s loosely- arranged cells with numerous air spaces directly communicating with the stomata. 24. The function of the floral organs. 25. The male organ of a flower. 26. The female organ of a flower. 27. Give at least one strategy in artificial vegetative propagation. True or False; 28. Capillarity is the process by which water is transported into a specific region of a plant.

29-30. Give your general or specific learning in the discussion. Answer key:
1. Monocot- one cotyledon; Dicot- two cotyledon 2. Monocot- parallel veins; Dicot- netted veins 3. alternation of generation 4. Gametophytic phase 5. Sporophytic phase 6. Mosses 7. Conifers 8-9. Shoot and root system 10. Meristematic tissues 11. Cutin 12. Periderm 13- 15. Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma 16. Transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. 17. Transports sucrose and other organic compounds, including hormones, usually from the leaves to the roots. 18. Primary root 19. Fibrous root system 20. Apical Meristem 21. Mechanical support, conduction, Photosynthesis, reproduction and protection. 22. Petiole 23. Spongy Layer 24. Attraction 25. Stamen 26. Pistil 27. Cutting, Layering and Grafting. 28. Fasle (throughout the plant body) 29-30. Must be thoughtful and with sense answer.