WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

PAPER PRESENTED BY Authors Shaik .Fyzullah Ahmed Electronics and Communications Engineering, H.T No;08121A04B6, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,A.Rangampet, Tirupati, Phone no.9491520724, EmailID:fyzullahahmed@gmail.com.

Mohammed .C .Aejaaz Ahmed Electronics and Communications Engineering, H.T No:08121A0481, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,A.Rangampet, Tirupati, Phone No.9642392987, EmailID:mdcaejaaz@gmail.com

CONTENTS:
1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Wimax features 4. Types of WiMAX: Point-to-point (PTP) 5. Applications of WiMAX Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science Point-to-Multipoint (PMP)

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS Fixed WiMAX 6. Wimax standards 7. Real time examples using wimax wimax radio 8. Limitations 9. Amendments in progress 10. Future developments 11. Conclusion mobile broadband Mobile WiMAX

ABSTRACT:
Factors such as innovation, technological obsession, market evolution and customer needs characterize the growth of any new technology .There is a growing demand for a technology that addresses most of the customers demands such as high bandwidth, long and non-line of sight coverage that are not achieved by the existing technology. This trend is more predominant in the highly mutative wireless market .4G will fundamentally advance the way we use mobile and existing networks and repair the problems of 3G .With the supplementary features such as long and nonline of sight coverage, high-bandwidth and inbuilt quality of service (QOS). The approaching 4G mobile communication systems are projected to solve still-remaining problems of 3G systems and to provide a wide variety of new services, from highquality voice to high-definition video to high-data-rate wireless channels.WiMAX is an advanced technology solution, based on an open standard, designed to meet this need, and to do so in a low-cost, flexible way.

WiMAX (World wide interoperability for Microwave Access) allows interoperability and combines the benefits that other wireless networking technologies offer individually and leads a path towards 4G and become the 4G wireless technology in the future. WiMax addresses almost all of the demands. WiMAX provides high-throughput broadband connections over long distances. Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

WiMAX is the only wireless standard today that has the ability to deliver true broadband speeds and help make the vision of pervasive connectivity a reality. This paper will evaluate the potential of WiMAX as 4G technology.

INTRODUCTION:
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave access) is a standardsbased wireless technology that provides high-throughput broadband connections over long distances. WiMAX can be used for a number of applications, including "last mile" broadband connections, hotspot and cellular backhaul, and high-speed enterprise connectivity for businesses.

WiMAX has the potential to impact all forms of telecommunications

WiMAX

has

the

potential

to

replace

number

of

existing

telecommunications infrastructures. WiMAX is the only wireless standard today that has the ability to deliver true broadband speeds and help make. WiMAX networks are optimized for highspeed data and should help spur innovation in services, content and new mobile devices. WiMAX represents a global connectivity opportunity in highly developed

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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS mobile market segments and developing countries where this technology may help provide affordable broadband services. WiMAX Features: WiMAX provides wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) connectivity at speeds of up to 75 Mb/sec. WiMAX systems can be used to transmit signal as far as 30 miles. A WiMAX base station would beam high-speed Internet connections to homes and businesses in a radius of up to 50 km (31 miles). Due to this it is well suited for a country such as India where telecom infrastructure is poor and last mile access is expensive.

TYPES OF WiMAX: Point-to-point (PTP) Point-to-Multipoint (PMP)

POINT TO POINT: Point to point is used where there are two points of interest: one sender and one receiver. This is also a scenario for backhaul or the transport from the data source (data center, co-lo facility, fiber POP, Central Office, etc) to the subscriber or for a point for distribution using point to multipoint architecture. Backhaul radios comprise an industry of their own within the wireless industry. As the architecture calls for a highly focused beam between two points range and throughput of point-to point radios will be higher than that of point-to-multipoint products.

POINT TO MULTIPOINT: Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

Point-to-multipoint synonymous with

is distribution.

One base station can service hundreds of dissimilar subscribers in terms of bandwidth and

services offered.

The point to multipoint (PMP) system allows a radio system to provide services to multiple users. WiMax systems can also be setup as mesh networks allowing the WiMax system to forward packets between base stations and subscribers without having to install communication lines between base stations. Here we can see the both types of point-to-point & point-to-multipoint

APPLICATIONS OF WiMAX: There are mainly two applications of WiMAX. They are FIXED WiMAX: Fixed WiMAX applications are point-to-multipoint enabling broadband access to homes and businesses. Fixed WiMAX Mobile WiMAX

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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

Fixed WiMAX offers cost effective point to point and point to multi-point solutions Fixed WiMAX include a radius of service coverage of 6 miles from a WiMAX base station for point-to-multipoint, non-line-of-sight service. This service should deliver approximately 40 megabits per second (Mbps) for fixed access applications. That WiMAX cell site should offer enough bandwidth to support hundreds of businesses with T1 speeds and thousands of residential customers with the equivalent of DSL services from one base station.

MOBILE WiMAX:

Mobile WiMAX allows any telecommunications to go mobile Mobile WiMAX is based on OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS Multiple Access) technology which has inherent advantages in throughput, latency, spectral efficiency, and advanced antennae support; ultimately enabling it to provide higher performance than today's wide area wireless technologies. Mobile WiMAX takes the fixed wireless application a step further and enables cell phone-like applications on a much larger scale. For example, mobile WiMAX enables streaming video to be broadcast from a speeding police or other emergency vehicle at over 70 MPH. It potentially replaces cell phones and mobile data offerings from cell phone operators.

WiMAXSTANDARDS: 802.16 broadband wireless systems have evolved over time. This diagram shows that the original 802.16 specification defined fixed broadband wireless service that operates in the 10-66 GHz frequency band. To provide wireless broadband service in lower frequency range, the 802.16A specification was created that operates in the 2-11 GHz frequency band. To provide both fixed and mobile service, the 802.16E specification was developed.

LINE OF SIGHT (LOS) OR NON LINE OF SIGHT (NLOS):

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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

The difference between line of sight and non-line of sight Earlier wireless technologies (LMDS, MMDS for example) were unsuccessful in the mass market as they could not deliver services in non-line-of-sight scenarios. This limited the number of subscribers they could reach and, given the high cost of base stations and CPE, those business plans failed. WiMAX functions best in line of sight situations and, unlike those earlier technologies, offers acceptable range and throughput to subscribers who are not line of sight to the base station..

Buildings between the base station and the subscriber diminish the range and throughput, but in an urban environment, the signal will still be strong enough to deliver adequate service. Given WiMAX's ability to deliver services nonline-of-sight, the WiMAX service provider can reach many customers in high-rise office buildings achieve a low cost per subscriber because so many subscribers can be reached from one base station. REAL TIME EXAMPLE USING WiMAX: WIMAX RADIO: The major component of a WiMax system includes subscriber station (SS), a base station (BS) and interconnection gateways to datacom (e.g. Internet) and telecom (e.g. PSTN). An antenna and receiver (subscriber station) in the home or business converts the microwave radio signals into broadband data signals for distribution in the home. In this example, a WiMax system is being used to provide telephone and broadband data communication services. When used for telephone services, the WiMax system converts broadcast signals to an audio format (such as Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS VoIP) for distribution to IP telephones or analog telephone adapter (ATA) boxes. When WiMax is used for broadband data, the WiMax system also connects the Internet through a gateway to the Internet. This example also shows that the WiMax system can reach distances of up to 50 km when operating at lower frequencies (2-11 GHz).

Mobile Broadband

Broadband anytime-anywhere is the great promise of WiMAX, which has arrived with Mobile WiMAX products. IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard takes broadband wireless to a new plane. Suddenly it is possible to have a DSLlike broadband experience anywhere you happen to be, not just at home or in a Wi-Fi hot spot environment. With WiMAX we start to get Hot Zones that are a few kilometres wide and the broadband experience moves outdoors. Mobile broadband opens up a whole new high-speed data experience, which cannot be matched by the other mobile technologies available today. Imagine you decide to walk to the nearby park during your lunch break to enjoy the sunny weather. You receive a call from one of your customers asking you to confirm some price reductions immediately so that they can place the order. You start a data session on Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science

WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS your smart WiMAX enabled device, log on to the server at work and download the relevant spreadsheet. You then proceed to confirm the price reduction and you receive the order from the customer before you have returned to your desk.

LIMITATIONS:
1. A commonly-held misconception is that WiMAX will deliver 70 Mbit/s over 50 kilometers. In reality, WiMAX can do one or the other - operating over maximum range (50 km) increases bit error rate and thus must use a lower bitrate. Lowering the range allows a device to operate at higher bitrates.

2. Typically, fixed WiMAX networks have a higher-gain directional antenna installed near the client (customer) which results in greatly increased range and throughput.

3. Mobile WiMAX networks are usually made of indoor "customer premise equipment" (CPE) such as desktop modems, laptops with integrated Mobile WiMAX or other Mobile WiMAX devices. Mobile WiMAX devices typically have an omnidirectional antenna which is of lower-gain compared to directional antennas but are more portable. In practice, this means that in a line-of-sight environment with a portable Mobile WiMAX CPE, speeds of 10 Mbit/s at 10 km could be delivered However, in urban environments they may not have line-of-sight and therefore users may only receive 10 Mbit/s over 2 km. Higher-gain directional antennas can be used with a Mobile WiMAX network with range and throughput benefits but the obvious loss of practical mobility.

4. Like most wireless systems, available bandwidth is shared between users in a given radio sector, so performance could deteriorate in the case of many active users in a single sector. In practice, many users will have a range of 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10- or 12 Mbit/s services and additional radio cards will be added to the base station to increase the capacity as required. Because of this, various granular and distributed network architectures are being incorporated into WiMAX through independent development and within the 802.16j mobile multi-hop relay (MMR) task group. This includes wireless mesh, grids, network remote station repeaters which can extend networks and connect to backhaul.

Amendments in progress
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS Active amendments: 802.16e-2005 Mobile 802.16 802.16f-2005 Management Information Base 802.16g-2007 Management Plane Procedures and Services 802.16k-2007 Bridging of 802.16 (an amendment to 802.1D) Amendments under development: 802.16h Improved Coexistence Mechanisms for License-Exempt Operation 802.16i Mobile Management Information Base 802.16j Multihop Relay Specification 802.16Rev2 Consolidate 802.16-2004, 802.16e, 802.16f, 802.16g and possibly 802.16i into a new document. Amendments at pre-draft stage: 802.16m Advanced Air Interface. Data rates of 100 Mbit/s for mobile applications and 1 Gbit/s for fixed applications, cellular, macro and micro cell coverage, with currently no restrictions on the RF bandwidth (which is expected to be 20 MHz or higher). The proposed work plan would allow completion of the standard by Sept 2008 for approval by Dec 2008.

Future development
For use in cellular spectrum. WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMTAdvanced 4G. The goal for the long term evolution of both WiMAX and LTE is to achieve 100 Mbit/s mobile and 1 Gbit/s fixed-nomadic bandwidth as set by ITU for 4G NGMN (Next Generation Mobile Network) systems through the adaptive use of MIMO-AAS and smart, granular network topologies. 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples. Since the evolution of core air-link technologies has approached the practical limits imposed by Shannon's Theorem, the evolution of wireless has embarked on pursuit of the 3X to 10X+ greater bandwidth and network efficiency gains that are expected by advances in the spatial and smart wireless broadband networking technologies. What will clearly define 4G more than either WCDMA or OFDMA wireless link methods will be wireless networks that more effectively adapt to and take advantage of available spectrum

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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS

CONCLUSION:
WiMax is all set to take over the wireless world. WiMAX represents a global connectivity opportunity in highly developed mobile market segments and developing countries where this technology may help provide affordable broadband services Using WiMax. This development will allow for such things as mobile video conferencing, live video feeds without the cost of satellite time, and connecting to practically anything live, on-line, and do it with a device in your hand. Amazing! One to many and one to one telecasting. All the possibilities of broadband combined with mobility and freedom from place. The emerging BWA technology WiMAX allows interoperability and combines the benefits that other wireless networking technologies offer individually and leads a path towards 4G and become the 4G wireless technology in the future. email : rgmcet09@rgitnandyal.com

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