Problem Statement Aim Hypothesis Variables:Manipulated Responding Constant

How to compare the chemical properties of alkanes and alkenes? To compare the chemical properties of alkanes and alkenes. Alkane do not react more with other chemical elements than alkene. Alkane and alkene. The reaction of alkanes and alkenes with other chemical elements. The other chemical elements used to react with alkanes and alkenes.

A. Reaction with Oxygen Materials Apparatus

Hexane, , hexene, . Wooden splinters, porcelain dishes, Bunsen burner.

Procedure

1 The apparatus are set up as shown in the diagram above. About 1 of liquid hexane, and 1 of liquid hexene, , are poured respectively into two separate evaporating dishes.
2

3 Two wooden splinters are lighted by using bunsen burner.

4

The lighted wooden splinters are put into both porcelain dishes.

5 Both reactions occur is observed and recorded.

B. Reaction with Bromine water, Materials Apparatus

Hexane, , hexene, Test tubes, dropper , bromine water, (aq).

Procedure

1 The apparatus are set up as shown in the diagram above. About 2 of liquid hexane, tube by using dropper.
2

, is poured into the test

Next about 3 drops of bromine water, test tube then the mixture is shaken.
3 4 5

, are added into the

Any change of colour that occurs is observed and recorded. Steps 2 till 4 are repeated using liquid hexene, .

C. Reaction with Acidified Potassium Manganate (VII), Materials Apparatus

Hexane,

solution.

, hexene, , acidified potassium manganate(VII), solution, Sulphuric acid, . Test tubes, dropper

Procedure

1 The apparatus are set up as shown in the diagram above. About 2 of dilute potassium manganate(VII), solution is poured in the test tube by using dropper.
2

Next about 2 mixture is shaken.

3 4

of dilute sulphuric acid is added. The is added to the acidified solution. The mixture is

Then about 2 of hexane, potassium manganate(VII), shaken.

5 Any change that occurs is observed and recorded.

6

Steps 2 to 5 are repeated using hexene,

Observations

Reaction Hexane Reaction with oxygen Reaction with bromine water

Observation Hexene Burns with yellow flame produce more sooth Bromine water colour is decolourized. From colourless to cloudy solution. Solution colour is decolourized. From purple to purple less.

Burns with yellow flame produce less sooth No changes. Bromine water colour remains same. No changes. Solution colour remains same.

Reaction with acidified potassium manganate(VII), solution

Conclusion

The combustion flame of hexene, (alkene) is more sooty compared to the combustion flame of hexane, (alkane).
1

Hexene, hexane,
2 3

decolourizes the coloured bromine water, while , does not react with bromine water.

Hexene, decolourizes the purple coloured acidified potassium manganate(VII), solution, while hexane, does not react with acidified potassium manganate(VII),

Table of Contents.

No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Experiments To investigate the complete combustion of organic compounds. To compare the chemical properties of alkanes alkenes. To prepare sample of ethanol. To investigate the chemical properties of ethanol. To investigate the chemical properties of ethanoic acid. To prepare a sample of ethyl ethanoate in the laboratory. To investigate the physical properties of ethyl ethanoate. To investigate the coagulation of latex. To prepare and investigate the elasticity of natural rubber and vulcanised rubber.

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CHEMISTRY-CATALYSER List of Cations and Anions. Cation name Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron (II)/ (III) Tin Lead Mercury Copper (II)/ (III) Silver Ammonium Ionic name Anion name Fluoride Chloride Bromide Iodide Sulphate Nitrate Carbonate Oxide Ionic formula

List of Acid. Hydrochloric Acid Sulphuric Acid Nitric Acid Carbonic Acid

Electrochemical Series Cation Anion

Reactivity Series Cation Anion