INTELLIGENT BUILDING

Presentation by S.Sindhu R.Hemalatha Periyar maniammai universiy ABSTRACT: Now-a- days the Technology has been developing world wide in all the fields. By integrating all the latest technologies in our building, we can make it intelligent. As a result we have lot of benefits like safety and security, comfort, energy efficiency and so on. This paper explains about environmental benefits, Economic consideration, three dimensions of intelligent building, control systems, Telecommunication systems, difference between ordinary building and intelligent building. INTRODUCTION: DEFINITION: The Intelligent Building Institute has proposed: An intelligent building is one that provides a productive and cost-effective environment through optimization of its four basic elements - structure, systems, services and management - and the interrelationships between them. Intelligent buildings help business owners, property managers and occupants to realize their goals in the areas of cost, comfort, convenience, safety, longterm flexibility and marketability." BRIEF: The high technology concept of intelligent building systems was introduced in United States in early 1980s. An Intelligent Building provides a productive and costeffective environment through the

integration of Structure, Systems, Services, and Management. Intelligent Buildings are the buildings of 21st century. They combines innovations with skillful management to maximize the returns on investment. These buildings keep a watch themselves and their own well being. over

They put off lights, shut down air conditioners, check the water storage tanks, recharge the central UPS in case of a power failure and switch on the alarm in case of fire. Use of technology and process to create a building that is safer and more productive for its occupants and more operationally efficient for its owners. Intelligent Buildings are equipped with robust telecommunication infrastructure, allowing for more efficient use of resources and increasing the comfort and security of its occupants. The origin of Intelligent Buildings and building management systems has roots in the Industrial sector in the 1980s. The high technology concept of intelligent building systems was introduced in United States. OVERVIEW: Building should know what is happening inside and immediately outside. Building should decide the most effective way of providing a convenient, comfortable and productive environment for its occupants. Building should respond as quickly as possible to the occupants requests.

These attributes indicates the need for various technology and management systems. The successful integration of these systems will produce three dimensions of building intelligence. THREE DIMENSIONS OF BUILDING INTELLIGENCE:

SECURITY: controlling access surveillance communication

Building Automation Systems Office Automation system and Local Area Network Advanced Telecommunication.

Building Automation Systems It is to enable the building to respond to external factors and conditions (like climatic variations, fire etc.), simultaneous sensing, control and monitoring of the internal environment and the storage of the data generated. Office Automation system and Local Area Network To provide management information and decision support aids with link to the central computer system . Advanced Telecommunication To enable rapid communication with outside world, via the central computer system using optical fiber installations, microwave and conventional satellite links. MAJOR ASPECTS OF INTELLIGENT BUILDING: Security Telecommunication Systems Energy Management Comfort Safety

Access control : Access control restricts how and when people enter and/or exit an area. Your particular needs will determine how that is accomplished. Access Control Systems allow people or vehicles into a restricted area via identification through coded keys, magnetic cards, or biometric readers such as hand, face, voice, finger or retina readers. These systems are used in many businesses, hotels and apartment complexes. Common Features Of Access Control Systems: Limit access- Systems can be programmed to allow certain users to enter specific areas only at certain times. Other users can be allowed to enter all locations at all times. Automating Systems can automatically lock a door or gate each evening at a certain time and unlock it automatically at another time. WORKING OF AN CONTROL SYSTEMS: ACCESS

1. First we need a barrier to prevent someone from entering or exiting, such as a locked door or gate. 2. Next we need a way to determine who is trying to enter. 3. A credential reader is used to read the information on a key or card, to register a combination of numbers entered on a pad or to identify some characteristic that the user has, such

as a fingerprint the shape of a hand, a pattern in the eye, etc. 4. This identifier is sent to a controller that has stored a record of those identifiers that are authorized to enter the area. 5. If the credential holder is authorized the controller unlocks the gate or door and the credential holder is allowed to enter. 6. In many systems a record of all authorized and unauthorized credentials is stored in the system for future reference. GADGETS FINGER PRINT LOCK: Easy and simple installation Unlock by fingerprint or code
Can store upto 150 different

This type of access control is most commonly used in blocks of flats or apartments, where access to the front door needs to be controlled remotely. Communication between the internal phone and the outside speaker is established, before authorization to enter is granted .

CODE- BASED ACCESS SYSTEM: A secure pin code entered onto a touch screen is required, before Access to a controlled area is allowed .

finger prints. SWIPE CARD ACCESS SYSTEM: Entrance to a secured area is allowed, through the "swiping" of a pre-programmed card with magnetic strip through a reader .

RETINA BASED SYSTEM :

DOOR

ACCESS

Pre-stores the person's eye color and its other physical features. Scans retina, matches it with the data stored and only then the door gets opened. VOICE AND VIDEO INTERCOM:

BIOMETRIC ACCESS SYSTEM: The newest technology in access control, biometric systems verify a person's identity, by unique physical characteristics, such as a fingerprint or retina. SAFETY AND SURVEILLANCE: Intelligence with respect to life safety in an intelligent building consists of the use of high technology to maximize the performance of fire alarm and security systems while at the same time minimizing costs. Life safety factors involved in intelligent buildings include: reduced manpower dependence, closed-circuit television, card access control, smoke detection, intrusion alarms, emergency doors and control of elevators,

Fire protection systems: pump water to the areas where the fire occurs, so as to douse it automatically through sprinkler bulbs and also manually through the fire brigade.Sufficient water pressure should be maintained throughout. Smoke Detection Systems: Early warning systems like smoke detection systems, detects the fire at a very early stage and pinpoint to the caretaker where exactly it is occurring, so that the fire is extinguished locally through manual fire extinguishers.

TELE COMMUNICATION: Intelligence with respect to telecommunications in an intelligent building consists of the offering to tenants of many sophisticated telecom features at a considerably reduced cost due to the fact that the equipment is shared by many users. Some of the telecom features involved in intelligent buildings are: private telephone exchange systems, cablevision, audio-visual and video-conferencing, satellite communications and, electronic mail, Internet access Intranets and

uninterruptible power supplies.

SURVEILLANCE: Helps in monitoring movement within and outside a building and its periphery through camera (Closed-Circuit Television Camera) or perimeter devices like intrusion alarms. Also helps in alerting the security manager, in case of violation of pre-set norms. SAFETY:

TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: Telecommunication Systems and Office Automation Systems like the UPS and the Public Address system provides the required

support in the event of security violation or fire. BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS Energy-effective systems balance a building's electric light, daylight and mechanical systems for maximum benefit. Lighting Systems: Adding daylight to a building is one way to achieve an energy effective design. And with the reduced need for electric light, a great deal of money can be saved on energy. ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS: An intelligent building starts with an environmentally friendly design. Creating a project that is environmentally friendly and energy efficient ties in closely with many of the intelligent attributes. Intelligent buildings are designed for longterm sustainability and minimal environmental impact through the selection of recycled and recyclable materials, construction, maintenance and operations procedures. Providing the ability to integrate building controls, optimize operations, and enterprise level management results in a significant enhancement in energy efficiency, lowering both cost and energy usage compared to non-intelligent projects. ECONOMY CONSIDERATION : Creating an intelligent building does require an investment in advanced technology, processes, and solutions. An upfront investment is required to realize a significant return later on.

It is unrealistic to expect to make a project intelligent unless there is early buy in on investment. One of the challenges is to educate owners on the benefits of an intelligent building design. This makes the education of both owners and architects about the benefits of intelligent solutions critical for success. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY BUILDINGS AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS: Intelligent building adjusts the inside functional aspects such as lighting, ventilation, air conditioning, etc. automatically with the changes in environmental conditions controlled by computer Ordinary building there will be different room conditions depending on the changes in the environmental conditions . While planning an intelligent building, a Building service engineer, an Architect & Hardware Engineer is required. But in case of ordinary building, a Building service engineer and an Architect is enough. In an Intelligent Building, the security system, communication system, etc. are coordinated and automatically controlled by computer work station. The cost of construction of Intelligent Building is very high as compared to an ordinary building. The development cost of an Intelligent Building is 8 - 10% higher

than that of an ordinary building. But this can be justified by the resulting energy saving, which is only 25 35% of energy required by normal building CONCLUSION: The intelligent building is clearly the building of the future. The goal of having an intelligent building only starts with early planning in the design stage. In many ways, this mirrors the design and fulfillment of many green or LEED projects today, but it uses technology to provide for a superior space. There are enormous benefits to be gained by creating intelligent buildings. With proper marketing such buildings will entice tenants to sign on with a much greater ease. By supporting the tenants in as many services as possible the building owners also gain from the profits realized from these services and tenants profit from the discounts to be had on their end as well. We need to continue to work as an industry to quantify these benefits, educate owners and consultants, and to deliver a superior product to the market.