Question 1

What suggestion was made by the Indian sage Kanada regarding

nature of matter?
Ans
The Indian sage Kanada suggested that " all matter is composed of very
small particles."
Question 2
Name one compound which is covalent but on dissolving in water
conducts electricity?
Ans.
Hydrogen Chloride ( HCL)
Question 3
What is the chemical formula of Ferric carbonate and washing soda?
Ans.
ferric carbonate = fe2( c03)3
washing soda + Na2Co3
Question 4
Nucleus does not contain any electrons ( or B-particles) explain how
beta particles are emitted in the radioactive change.?
Ans.
It is believed that B particles (or electrons) are ejected during radioactive
change as a result of neutron decay.
Neutron -> Proton + electron
Question 5
Give one property of Mgcl2 which agrees with it being an ionic
compound.
Ans.
Mgcl2 is readily soluble in water and when Agno3 solution is added to its
aqueous solution, a white precipitate. is immediately formed. This shows
that Mgcl2 is an ionic compound.
Question 6
Why are ionic bonds non- directional?
Ans.
In ionic bond, the attraction between oppositely charged ions is equally
strong
in all directions. Hence ionic bonds are non- directional.
Question 7
how many moles of oxygen would be librated on heating one mole of
potassium chlorate?
Ans.
∆
2KClO3 ----> 2 KCl + 3O2
(two moles) of KClO3 gives on heating = (3 Moles of oxygen)
1 moles ---KClO3 gives on heating give------------------------= 3/2 moles of
oxygen = 1.5 moles of oxygen
Question 8
A molten salt solution conducts electricity but solid does not Explain
Ans.
In molten salt , the salt (Na+cl-) is present in free mobile ions (Na+cl -) which
are capable of carrying electricityHence molten state conducts electricity. On
the other hand , in solid state , the (Na+cl -) ions are fixed at definite
positions in crystal lattice. Hence solid salt does not conduct electricity.
Question 9
Why do carbon atoms form polymers with co-valent bonds? Give
Examples.
Ans.
The velency of carbon atoms is four and this unables carbon to make a long
chain of covalant bonds with other carbon atoms, thereby resulting in the
formation of long thread like molecules of high molecular weight , called
polymers. HHHHHHHH
eg. polythene or polyethyle . ......c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c......
HHHHHHHH
Question 10
what is meant by the dissociation How is it different from
ionization? Give Examples.
Ans.
when a substance breaks up into two or more substance it is called
dissociations for eg when pottassium chlorate is heated, oxygen and
pottassium chloride are formed

∆
2 KCLO3(s) ------> 2 KCl(S) + 3O2 ( g)
when an electroyte breaks up into positively and negatively charged ions in
water it is called ionization .
for eg. when sodium chloride is added into water it ionizes into sodium and
chloride ions
Thus Nacl <----> Na + cl -

Question 11
A strip of impure silver metal is given to you .Describe briefly the
apparatus you would use to refine it electrolytic ally. Write
equations of the reactions involved in the process . Make a figure for
this
Ans.
. Electrolytic refining of impure silver is carried out in the cell containing
silver nitrate solution as an electrolyte.A strip of impure silver metal is made
anode and a strip of pure silver is made cathode . During eletrolysis,
following reactions are involved:

AgNO3 <------> Ag+ + NO3- ( ionization )

(electrolyte)
at cathode : Ag+ + e- -----> AG ( pure silver deposited)
at anode : Ag+ - e- -----> Ag+ ( added to electrolyte)
thus , impure anode dissolves and pure silver is deposited at the cathode.