Os quantificadores many, much, a lot of, lots of so normalmente empregues da seguinte forma:

afirmativa substantivos contveis no plural substantivos no-contveis

NOTA: lots of mais informal que a lot of.

negativa e interrogativa many (books)

a lot of (books) lots of (books) a lot of (water) lots of (water)

much (water)

Exemplos:
A LOT OF / LOTS OF (afirmativa)

I've got a lot of books. He drank a lot of water. I've got lots of magazines. She drank lots of coffee.

Tenho muitos livros. Ele bebeu muita gua. Tenho muitas revistas. Ela bebeu muito caf.

MANY (negativa e interrogativa)

He didn't buy many books. I don't know many people. Has he got many books? Did you eat many biscuits?

Ele no comprou muitos livros. No conheo muita gente. Ele tem muitos livros? Comeste muitas bolachas?

MUCH (negativa e interrogativa)

I don't drink much water. I haven't got much time. Did you drink much wine? Have you got much time?

No bebo muita gua. No tenho muito tempo. Bebeste muito vinho? Tens muito tempo?

Embora normalmente empregues na negativa e interrogativa, many e muchpodem tambm ser empregues na afirmativa:
2

em linguagem formal: Many children love animals. Much has been done to improve the quality of the magazine.

Muitas crianas adoram animais. Tem-se feito muito para melhorar a qualidade da revista.

com expresses temporais: He has lived in Portugal for many years. Ele vive em Portugal h muitos anos.

Many e much podem igualmente ser empregues a seguir de how, too, so, e as:

HOW

How many cars have you got? How much money do you have?

Quantos carros tens? Quanto dinheiro tens?

TOO

He ate too many biscuits. He drank too much coffee.

Ele comeu bolachas a mais. Ele bebeu caf em demasia.

SO

There are so many shops. There is so much pollution.

H tantas lojas. H tanta poluio.

AS

You can eat as many biscuits as you like. You can have as much coffee as you like.

Podes comer tantas bolachas quanto quiseres. Podes beber tanto caf quanto quiseres.

4 Embora normalmente empregues na afirmativa, a lot of e lots of podem tambm ocorrer na negativa e interrogativa: A LOT OF / LOTS OF (negativa e interrogativa)

Were there a lot of / lots of mistakes in Houve muitos erros na tua composio? your composition?

I haven't got a lot of / lots of money. Much-Many 1.How ___ apples did you buy? a. much b. many 2.How ___ do you weigh? a. much b. many 3. How ___ does it cost to fly to America? a. much b. many 4. How ___ brothers and sisters do you have? a. much b. many

No tenho muito dinheiro.

5. How ___times a day do you brush your teeth? a. much b. many 6. How ___ was your computer? a. much b. many 7.How ___ photos did you take? a. much b. many

8.How ___ water did he drink? a. much b. many 9.How ___ people did you invite? a. much b. many 10.How ___ mistakes did you make on the test? a. much b. many How much / how many Click on the buttons until you find the correct answer

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

We need some tea. ______ do we need? How much How many We need some eggs. ______ do we need? How much How many We need some paper. ______ do we need? How much How many We need some money. ______ do we need? How much How many ______ cigarettes do you smoke a day? How much How many ______ packets of cigarettes do you have? How much How many ______ work have you got to do? How much How many ______ sleep did you get last night? How much How many ______ children have you got? How much How many ______ bottles of wine are there in the cellar? How much How many ______ English grammar do you know? How much How many ______ Americans do you know? How much How many ______ sugar do you take in your tea? How much How many ______ apples do you eat in an average week? How much How many ______ fruit do you eat in an average week? How much How many ______ real friends do you have? How much How many ______ chairs are there in your house?

18 19 20

How much How many ______ furniture do you have? How much How many ______ traffic was there on the motorway today? How much How many ______ times must I tell you? How much How many

Choose the right answer (much, many, a lot, a lot of, lots) We have .. oranges. We don't have . bananas, and we don't have fruit juice. Do you have any cereal? Sure, there's. in the kitchen." How .. is this? It's ten dollars. How.. do you want? Six, please. He's very busy; he has work. David has . rice, but Tyler doesn't have . London has beautiful buildings. They eat.. apples. I wrote.. poems. I have got.. money. I visited.. European cities. Do you like soccer? Yes.. . Were there.. guests in the wedding? Yes, there were . Leila is popular. She's got friends. Nancy does not have .

Avocado - Abacate Pineapple - Abacaxi Abiu - Abiu Apricot - Abric Palm - Aa Acerola - Acerola Akee - Akee Plum - Ameixa Almond - Amndoa Blackberry - Amora Anonceas Anonceas Ara - Ara Atemoya - Atemoya Hazelmut - Avel Babaco - Babaco

Bacaba - Bacaba Bacuri - Bacuri Banana - Banana Baru - Baru Bilimbi - Bilimbi Birib - Birib Jelly Palm - Buti Cabeludinha Cabeludinha Cacao - Cacau Cagaita - Cagaita Caimito - Caimito Hog Plum - Caj Cashew - Caju Calabaa Calabaa

Calabura - Calabura Cambuc Cambuc Cambuci - Cambuci Camu-Camu - Camu - Camu Persimmon - Caqui Star fruit Carambola Carissa - Carissa Varied Chestnuts Castanhas Variadas Cherry - Cereja Champedaque Champedaque Cherimoya

Citrus in Geral Citrus em Geral Coconut -Coco Condessa Condessa Cupuau - Cupuau Dansan Plum Damasco Dovyalis - Dovyalis Durio - Durio Feijoa - Feijoa Fig - Figo Raspberry Framboesa Fruit-Brad - Fruta Po Fruits of the Cerrad - Frutas do Cerrado Glicosmis Glicosmis Guava- Goiaba Granadilla Granadilla Soursop - Graviola Currant - Groselha Grumixama Grumixama Guabiju - Guabiju Guabiroba -Guabiroba Guaran - Guaran Guariroba Guariroba Ilama - Ilama Ing - Ing Jaboticaba Jabuticaba Jack fruit - Jaca Jambo - Jambo Jambolo Jambolo Jaracati - Jaracati Jatob - Jatob

Jenipapo - Jenipapo Jeriv ou Jerib Jeriv aor Jerib Jujuba - Jujuba Kiwi - Kiwi Langsat - Langsat Orange - Laranja Lichia - Lichia Lemon - Limo Acid and Rasps Limas cidas e Doces Longan - Longan Lucuma - Lucuma Mabolo - Mabolo Apple -Ma Macadmia Macadmia Papaya -Mamo Mamey - Mamey Mamoncillo Mamoncillo Mango - Manga Mangaba - Mangaba Mangosto Mangosto Passion - Maracuj Marang - Marang Marmeladinha Marmeladinha Quince - Marmelo Marolo - Marolo Marula - Marula Massala - Massala Watermelon Melancia Melon - Melo Mirtilo - Mirtilo Strawberry Morango Murici - Murici Naranjilla -Naranjilla Nectarine -

Nectarina Nspera - Nspera Nut Pec - Noz Pec Pequi - Pequi Pear - Pra Peach - Pssego Physalis - Physalis Pinha - Pinha Nut - Pinho Pistachio - Pistache Pitanga - Pitanga Pitaya - Pitaya Pitomba - Pitomba Pulasan - Pulasan Pupunha - Pupunha Rambuto Rambuto Rome - Rom Salak - Salak Santol - Santol Sapodilla - Sapoti Sapucaia - Sapucaia Red Monbin Seriguela Taiva - Taiva Date - Tmara Tamarind Tamarindo Tangerina Tangerina Tarum - Tarum Tomato Arbreo -Tomate Arbreo Toranja - Toranja Umbu - Umbu Um - Um Grape - Uva Uvaia - Uvaia Wampi - Wampi

VEGETAIS EM INGLES - LISTA Roots (raizes) Beet (beterraba) Carrot (cenoura) Radish (rabanete) Turnip (nabo)

Ginger (gengibre) Cabbages (repolhos) Brussels (couve de bruxelas) Green or red cabbage (repolho verde e roxo)

Napa cabbage, or Chinese cabbage (acelga) Stems (caule) Anise (anis) Asparagus (aspargo) Celery (salso ou aipo) Fennel (erva-doce fresca) Hearts of Palms (palmito) Onions (cebolas) Green Onion (cebolinha verde) Leek (alho por) Onion (cebola) Tubers (tubrculos) Potato (batata) Sweep potato (batata doce) Cassava, manioc, yucca ou tapioca root (mandioca) Yams (inhame) Leafy Greens (Folhas) - Salad Greens (Folhas para Saladas) Escarole (escarola) Lettuce (alface) Chicory (chicria) Rucola (rcula) Watercress (agrio) Dandelions (almeiro) Cooking Greens (Verduras para Cozinhar) Spinach (espinafre) Collard Greens (couve-manteiga) Sea Vegetables (vegetais do Mar) Marine Algae (alga marinha)

Flowers (Flores) Artichoke (alcachofra) Cauli-flower (couve-flor) Broccoli (brocolis) Fresh Beans and Edible Pods (Feijes frescos e vagens comestveis) Green Beans (vagem) Okra (quiabo) Snow pea or Chinese snow pea (ervilha fresca) Fresh peas (ervilhas frescas) Fruit Vegetables ("Legumes" que na verdade so frutas) Tomato (tomato) Eggplants (berinjela) Cucumber (pepino) Olives (azeitonas) Sweet peppers ou bell peppers (pimentes) Winter squash (squash) Sprouts (Brotos) Alfalfa sprouts (broto de alfafa) Bean sprouts (broto de feijo) Soybean sprouts (broto de soja) Other Vegetables Pumpkin (abbora) Zucchine (abobrinha) Mushrooms (cogumelos)

Quando usamos dois verbos juntos na lngua inglesa, nem sempre o segundo aparece no infinitivo. Quem determina a forma que ser adotada pelo segundo verbo o primeiro e, infelizmente, no h nenhuma regra para nos ajudar. No deixe de conferir o verbete Vocabulrio: Exposio para saber o que fazer em situaes como essa em que no h regras de uso. Abaixo, esto alguns verbos comuns e a forma que devem ser empregados. Em caso de dvida, consulte um bom dicionrio de ingls. Cf. INFINITIVO NEGATIVO + ING DEPOIS DE: ENJOY, FINISH, CONSIDER, MIND, IMAGINE, AVOID, MISS, GIVE UP, GO ON, INVOLVE etc.

FINISH READING = terminar de ler ENJOY TRAVELING = gostar de viajar AVOID MISSING = evite perder GO ON STUDYING = continue estudando MISS PLAYING = sentir falta de tocar TO BE SORRY FOR BEING LATE = perdo pelo atraso TO BE AFRAID OF SWIMMING = ter medo de nadar

DEPOIS DE: PREPOSIES

TO BE ASHAMED OF LYING = ter vergonha de mentir BEFORE STARTING = antes de comear AFTER WORKING = depois de trabalhar

+ INFINITIVO DEPOIS DE: AGREE, PROMISE, REFUSE, DECIDE, SEEM, PRETEND, APPEAR, PLAN, OFFER, ARRANGE, AFFORD, TEND, MANAGE, WANT etc.

AGREE TO STAY = concordar em ficar PLAN TO TRAVEL = planejar viajar PRETEND TO BE = fingir ser SEEM TO UNDERSTAND = parecer entender PROMISE TO GO = prometer ir

+ ING OU INFINITIVO (SEM MUDANA DE SENTIDO) DEPOIS DE: START, BEGIN, CONTINUE etc.

START WORKING / START TO WORK = comear a trabalhar BEGIN DOING / BEGIN TO DO = comear a fazer CONTINUE DOING / CONTINUE TO DO = continuar fazendo

+ ING OU INFINITIVO (COM MUDANA DE SENTIDO) DEPOIS DE: STOP, REMEMBER, REGRET etc. STOP SMOKING = parar de fumar STOP TO SMOKE = parar para fumar REMEMBER READING = lembrar de ter lido REMEMBER TO READ = no se esquecer de ler REGRET INFORMING = arrependo-me de ter informado REGRET TO INFORM THAT = sinto informar que