Samples –

A.) Background info. B.) Country positions C.) press release

A.) Report of the Secretary General Concerning the Situation in South Asia:
India and Pakistan

1.) Under Articles 35 and 99 it is my duty to bring to the Security Council the emerging
conflict between India and Pakistan. Nuclear tests conducted by India on 11 and 13 May
1998 prompted Pakistan to conduct similar tests on 28 and 30 May 1998. Intensification
of this nuclear arms race has led to an emergency meeting of the Security Council.

2.) India and Pakistan are neighboring countries in South Asia. The Republic of India, a
democracy, is rich in natural resources and the second most populated country in the
world (1.1 billion). The two major religions in India are Hinduism and Islam, but Hindus
are the majority, consisting of 80% of the population. India has a per capita GDP of
$2,600; a GDP of almost $3 trillion; and a growth rate of 9%. (CIA 2007).

3.) The Islamic Republic of Pakistan also has ample natural resources. Pakistan has a
population of 172 million people; almost all of whom are Muslim (97%). Although
Pakistan is homogeneous in religion, it has great diversity in language and ethnicity, as 9
languages are spoken. Pakistan has had mixed success with democracy. Their current
leader was elected; the previous leader took control by force. Pakistan’s per capita GDP
is $2,400; GDP is $412 billion; with a growth rate of 5%. (CIA 2007).

4.) The history of conflict between India and Pakistan is extensive and dates back to 1947,
when the two countries gained independence from British colonial rule. Under the terms
of the settlement, British India was divided into three parts based on religion. The
majority Hindu area became known as India; while the two parts with majority Muslim
populations became known as Pakistan (see map).

5.) During British colonial rule, before 1947, British India consisted of hundreds of
principalities known as states. Each of these states was ruled by a maharajah (ruler).
According to the independence agreement, the British agreed to give up rule of all of
these states. However, because the British were afraid that hundreds of countries would
be created, part of the agreement stated that each state had to join either India or Pakistan.
The maharajahs were told to make the decision about which country to join, but to follow
the wishes of their people in deciding. Almost all of the Hindu-dominated states joined
India, while the Muslim-dominated states joined Pakistan; both in accordance with the
wishes of the people. However, in one state called Kashmir, the maharajah was Hindu but
his people were Muslim. Despite the wishes of his people, the maharajah of Kashmir
decided to join India.

6.) The dispute over Kashmir has led to three wars between India and Pakistan.

Adapted from Model U.N.- Peacekeeping Unit, Scenario B

United Nations Association of The United States of America
 Samples –
A.) Background info. B.) Country positions C.) press release
B.) Country positions

Chile
Chile has no ties to India or Pakistan. Like most U.N. nations, it supports nuclear
disarmament. Chile feels that these nuclear tests are posing a threat to international peace and has
condemned the tests. Chile strongly desires all states to support the Comprehensive Nuclear Test
Ban Treaty (CTBT) and the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT). Chile may use this crisis as
an opportunity to gain favor with the United States, since they share positions.

China
China borders both of these countries. China is also one of the five nations, permitted
under the NPT to possess nuclear weapons. Since China and India have had their own
disagreements in the past over similar border disputes, China may lean slightly towards
supporting Pakistan, though they have proclaimed themselves neutral. China’s biggest goal is to
keep Asia peaceful, and will support any peace agreement; though they think it most fair to
respect the current “line of control” in Kashmir. China also wants both states to sign the NPT and
CTBT as soon as possible and to halt nuclear tests.

Colombia
Colombia does not have close ties to either of these countries. Colombia is very much
against nuclear weapons testing and proliferation. Colombia fears that a nuclear war between the
two countries would bring about a world war. While India feels that the international community
has no business in the Kashmir issue, Colombia wants the international community to be heavily
involved in the dispute. Colombia would truly like to see all countries get rid of nuclear
weapons; and is willing to host a conference to discuss world-wide nuclear disarmament.
Colombia relies heavily on the U.S. for economic assistance.

Costa Rica
Costa Rica has no ties to India or Pakistan. Costa Rica, like Colombia, believes that all
countries should get rid of nuclear weapons, and has argued this point for 50 years. They believe
that countries with nuclear weapons are wasting money that could be spent on their people. Costa
Rica wants India and Pakistan to sign both the CTBT and the NPT, dismantle their nuclear
weapons, and hold a conference over the future of the Kashmir region (which they believe is the
source of the problem).

Adapted from Model U.N.- Peacekeeping Unit, Scenario B

United Nations Association of The United States of America
 Samples –
A.) Background info. B.) Country positions C.) press release
C.) Press Release
(fictional)

Renewed Confrontation Between Indian and Pakistan Forces

Threatens Efforts at a Peaceful Solution

Yesterday, Pakistan shot down two Indian military jets that were flying over the Pakistani-
controlled Kashmir region. The confrontation could not have come at a worse time, as the two
sides were negotiating with the Security Council to settle the nuclear testing issue.

The resurgence of fighting began three weeks ago when 600 Kashmiri guerillas infiltrated the
line of control and crossed into the Indian-controlled Kashmir. Because of the size and
complexity of the operation, India believes the guerillas were armed and trained by the Pakistani
government. Pakistani officials deny any involvement with the guerillas. In response to the
guerilla attacks, the Indian government has sent 30,000 troops to the Pakistan border. The Indian
prime minister has called the guerilla attacks a Pakistani “hostile and provocative gesture.”

Pakistan has offered to hold diplomatic talks to settle the recent dispute. India has shown little
interest in a meeting. The Indian government is mostly concerned with removing the guerillas
from the area and will not meet until they are removed.

Relations between the two had already been strained from the recent nuclear tests. Some analysts
have suggested that India’s nuclear tests (which took place first) were designed to demonstrate
its military capabilities.

In view of these developments, the Security Council has scheduled an emergency meeting to try
and resolve the conflict before it escalates even further.

Adapted from Model U.N.- Peacekeeping Unit, Scenario B

United Nations Association of The United States of America