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NO. SM/STU/_____________

of 200

Soil Testing Unit Soil Mechanics Division GERI, Race Course, Vadodara-390 007 Date: / /200

To,

Sub: Ref:

Construction of _________________________________________ Your office letter No. ______________________________________

In connection with above reference letter, A final report on "Foundation soil exploration for Construction of ___________________________________________" is enclosed for further necessary action please.

Encl : As above with Bore logs (Two copies)

Assistant Research Officer Soil Testing Unit Soil Mechanics Division GERI, Vadodara

Copy to Master file

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NARMADA WATER RESOURCES WATERSUPPLY AND KALPSAR DEPARTMENT

GUJARAT ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE

A REPORT ON FOUNDATION SOIL EXPLORATION (Bore hole) NAME OF WORK: ___________________________________________________ 1.0 INTRODUCTION Sub Soil investigation including laboratory testing for the proposed _________was referred to GERI by _____ vide his office letter No. _____________ The object of the sub soil exploration was (1) (2) To determine the sub soil conditions such as stratification, denseness or hardness of the strata, position of ground water table etc. To give soil bearing capacity for the structure for a given size and depth of the foundation.

The structure is proposed to be located at _________________ Field officers were requested to supply relevant information like foundation R. L., type of foundation, type of structure, structural load and drawings. Data received from field officers are as under: Type of foundation Size of foundation Depth of foundation Drawings : (1)_____________ (2) _________ : (1)_____________ (2) _________ : ______________m :-

The field and laboratory work is based on the data received from the field officers. 2.0 FIELD WORK The actual investigation work was started on _________ and completed on ___________________ It is decided to take ____ bores of 100mm diameter by hand augering wash boring up to _____m depth considering the area to be investigated and proposed size and depth of foundation. The boreholes were located such that full area to be investigated was covered. Undisturbed and disturbed samples were collected from boreholes and SPT-N value test was also carried out. 2.1 Method of sampling Sampler was coupled together with a socket with vent holes and spring valves to form sampling assembly. The sampler was then lowered inside the borehole on string of drill rods and was driven to a predetermined level with the help of falling hammer. It was seen that there was true vertical fall of hammer while driving the
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sampler. On completion of driving, the sampler was first rotated within the bore hole to shear the soil and then pulled out the sampling assembly to ground surface. The sample was then waxed at both ends and labeled. 2.1.1 Undisturbed samples: Undisturbed samples were collected in 70mm thin walled sampler (Shelby tube) at ____m depth interval from each bore. The sampler used for sampling had smooth surface and appropriate area ratio and cutting edge angle as required in IS:1892 of 1962 thereby minimizing disturbance of soil during sampling. 2.1.2 Disturbed samples: Disturbed representative samples were collected from auger and split spoon sampler. The samples so collected were logged, labeled and placed in polythelene bags. 2.2 Field Test: Standard penetration test (IS 2131-1981) was conducted in each bore at _____m depth interval using split spoon sampler. The SPT spoon was lowered inside the bore hole on a string of drill rods and number of blows for 300mm penetration of SPT spoon after due consideration of 150mm penetration as seating drive was recorded under the free fall of 65kg weight from 750mm height. True vertical free fall of hammer was observed. The SPT-N values are given in bore logs. 2.3 Ground Water Table Water table was / not encountered during the sub soil exploration work carried out in boreholes. The summary of fieldwork carried out is given in TABLE - I as under. TABLE 1 Details of Bore Hole Bore hole No. Depth (m) No. of UDS No. of SPT Ground water depth Remarks

3.0

LABORATORY WORK The laboratory testing on soil samples were started after the receipt of the same in laboratory. Following laboratory tests were carried out to determine the physical and engineering properties of undisturbed and disturbed soil sample as per relevant Indian Standard Specifications.

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ED 15.1.2004 IS Specification No. IS 2720 (Pt. IV) 1985 IS 2720 (Pt. V) 1985 IS 2720 (Pt. XX IX) 1975 IS 2720 (Pt. XL) 1977 IS 2720 (Pt. XLI) 1977 IS 2720 (Pt. XIII) 1986 IS (2720 (Pt. XII) 1981 IS 2720 (Pt. XV)-1986

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Name of test Grain size analysis Atterberg limits FDD FMC Specific gravity Swelling Index Swell Pressure Box Shear Triaxial Consolidation

(Reaff.2006) (Reaff.2006) (Reaff.2006) (Reaff.2002) (Reaff.2002) (Reaff.2002) (Reaff.2002) (Reaff.2002)

IS 2720 (Pt. III/Sec.1)1980 (Reaff.2002)

SUB SOIL STRATIFICATION The field data and laboratory tests reveal in general that subsoil consist of _______________.

5.0 5.1

DISCUSSION ON FIELD AND LABORATORY TEST RESULTS Field test : A comparative study of the 'N' value (i.e. number of blows/30cm penetration) has been done in all the bores. The SPT N-value ranges from _______to ____. This range of N value indicates that the relative density/stiffness of strata is _____to ___.

5.2

Laboratory tests: The laboratory tests were conducted on undisturbed and disturbed samples. The test results are given in the bore logs attached as plate no. ___& _____.

5.2.1

Dry density (FDD) and Moisture content (FMC): The range value of dry density and moisture content in different strata are given in TABLE-II as under. TABLE II Summary of dry density and moisture content Strata Dry density range (gm/cc) Moisture content (%)

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The range value of liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index for various strata are given in TABLE-III as under. TABLE III Summary of Atterberg limits Strata Liquid Limit (%) Plastic limit (%) Plastic Index (%)

5.2.3

Specific gravity: Selected samples were tested to determine specific gravity of soil particles. The range value for the different strata are given in TABLE-IV as under. TABLE IV Summary of specific gravity Strata Specific Gravity

5.2.4

Shear parameters: Selected samples were tested to determine shear parameters of soil particles. The range value for the different strata for cohesion and angle of internal friction are given in TABLE-V as under. TABLE-V Strata Cohesion C Kg/cm2 Angle of Internal Friction

The variation is attributed due to the variation in gradation and densities of different strata. 5.2.5 Consolidation characteristics: Selected samples were tested to determine Consolidation parameters of soil particles. The range value for the different strata for compression index and preconsolidation pressure are given in TABLE-VI as under.

Doc# SMT/F/01/19 Strata

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Pre-consolidation Pressure Pc Kg/cm2

The consolidation tests give values of the compression index. Cc ranges from _____________Pre-consolidation pressure Pc ranges from _____________kg/cm2. 6.0 SOIL BEARING CAPACITY: Allowable bearing pressure i. e. net intensity of loading which the foundation will carry without undergoing settlement in excess of the permissible value for the structure under consideration was calculated. Computations for both safe bearing capacity and allowable bearing pressure considering shear parameters and consolidation characteristics of the sub strata were carried out. Least of these values is adjudged considering probability of ultimate failure. 6.1 SBC based on shear: The evaluation of SBC is as per IS: 6403 1981. The following parameters were considered for the evaluation of SBC. Cohesion Angle of internal friction Dry density Specific gravity Factor of safety Shear failure was considered. 6.2 ABP based on settlement. (IS 8009 Pt. I) - 1976) The ABP based on --------mm allowable settlement was also calculated. The compression Index (Cc) equal to ------------ is considered for computation. Summary of safe bearing capacity and settlement analysis values are given in Table - VII as under. TABLE VII Foundation details Type Size Depth Safe bearing capacity (SBC) T/m2 Allowable bearing pressure (ABP) for 50mm settlement at _______ kg/cm2 _______ _______ gm/cc _______ _______

NOTE : 1. Water table is considered / not considered.

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2. Factor of safety (F.S.) considered is 2.5. 7.0 CONCLUSION Looking to the table 4 above, it is seen that allowable bearing pressure governs the loading capacity. It is as low as _______________ T/m2 at given different depth and size of foundation. The value of SBC/ABP evaluated in this report depends on technical details of the foundation (depth, type, size of foundation) supplied by______________________ The change of any design parameters like depth, type and width of foundation etc. will change the value of SBC/ABP. These may be kept in view in final design. The value of differential settlement depend on the proposed design, size of footing and column etc. This will be checked by design authorities. The value of SBC/ABP is based on fieldwork carried out from boreholes and laboratory results of sample collected from them. During excavation of trench, if any change in strata is found, you are requested to report to this office immediately. This office is not responsible for any contractual implication due to this report.

Assistant Research officer GERI