A Technical Paper Presentation On

(Paper under the theme Recent Trends in Mechanical Engineering)

Presentation Towards
SANKETA 09 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering S.R.K.R. Engineering College, Bhimavaram.

Authored By
M Ravi Chandra III/IV ECE Regd No:06631A0429 ravichandra429@gmail.com Ph:+91 9966998666 T Venkateswarlu III/IV ECE Regd No:06631A0455 venkat_22330@yahoo.co.in Ph:+91 9491357632

Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering

SRI VENKATESWARA ENGG. COLLEGE

Amaravadhi Nagar, Suryapet-508213, Dist: Nalgonda.

ABSTRACT
In the present world every country thinking of making there nation secured & safe. The countries which were developed are investing much on the weapons, communication systems e.t.c., to strengthen their strengths. But the countries which were still developing were unable to invest such large investments. The soldiers in the war weighing large weapons, huge weights. So, to these all problems a solution is to be there. Yes, for every problem there will be a solution. Here for this problem the solution is NANO TECHNOLOGY. With the potential benefits of nanotechnology, both for social and national security reasons, technologies are in development that enables early detection of hazardous conditions, goods and human behaviors. Sensing and detection, surveillance, situational awareness, interpretation, automated scene understanding are crucial aspects. In this paper we present the concept of the future war weapons, military vehicles, unmanned vehicles & robots, armaments, command & control, soldier warfare, human performance.

INTRODUCTION
Future military missions require its stake holders to do more with less. So NANOTECHNOLOGY offers military stake holders To get more performance, functionality, lifespan the present technologies need more size, more space, more power, maintenance difficulty. So, NANOTECHNOLOGY gives you above advantages with less weight, size, maintenance, power and cost.

WHAT IS MEANT BY NANOTECHNOLOGY?

Before going to the nanotechnology let us know about the meaning of NANO.

NANO means One billionth of meter. NANOTECHLOGY is the technology which uses the particles of such nano-size to implement in real time applications.

PARTICLES WHICH ARE USED IN NANOTECHNOLOGY

Quantum dots are nano scale particles which change their properties in some useful way with the addition or removal of an electron. Carbon nano tubes are stronger than steel, harder than diamond, lighter than aluminum, more conductive than copper and a good semiconductor (Ecole Polytechnique) Smart material that changes its shape when heated or automatically responds to a specific 3

change in the environment (AFRL)

ADVANTAGES OF MINIATURISATION
As the nano materials are miniaturized in size they have some advantages. They are as follows: Miniaturisation delivers better products at a lower price: Actually the researches done in laboratories that are in buildings gives results in days duration. But, in labs present in box gives results in hours, in labs present in chip gives you result in minutes very accurately.

Miniaturization fasts the test and gives accurate results.

Nano materials are expected to greatly reduce the volume of materials required by industry:

 Nanotechnology allows researchers to work on the scale of nature:

NANO DEFENSE
NANODEFENSE means using NANOTECHNOLOGY in the systems used in military, navy, air force etc for solving some of unsolved problems and to minimize the problems from another technology.

How Nanotechnology is Impacting Military Technologies:

Nanotechnology and Microsystems are greatly improving the performance of military endproducts and reducing the cost.

Nano/Micro Materials and Devices:

The devices designed using nano materials are having the following properties: 1) Low mass and ultra-small size 3) High performance and functionality 5) Resistant to the environment 7) Stronger materials 5 2) Radiation shielding 4) longer life 6) Lower risk of catastrophe 8) Reduced material failure

9) Non-corrosive

10) Embedded stress detectors

USES OF NANO TECHNOLOGY IN THE MILITARY

The NANOTECHNOLOGY is used in military for the designing of

MILITARY VEHICLES UNMANNED VEHICLES / ROBOTS ARMAMENTS COMMAND & CONTROL SOLDIER WARFARE HUMAN PERFORMANCE

The blocks of technologies which were used in the platforms& the platforms used in the systems& the systems used in the revolutionary military applications are patronized in the below block.

Let us discuss briefly about every application noted above:

MILITARY VEHICLES
The vehicles which were used in the military should be very fast, light weight, high life Span etc features. So, NANOTECHNOLOGY can Make justice to needs and also be very cheap.

Operability:
We get Improved speed, maneuverability, range, & Fuel economy from:

Lightweight nanocomposite structures. Miniature devices / MEMS (e.g. actuators). Nano-coatings and self morphing for reduced drag.

New propulsion materials and systems. Platforms for modular vehicle design and support for upgrades. Longer life for materials and systems. Stealth materials and systems for reduced signature. Built-in sensor network for structural health monitoring. Sensors and systems for poor weather control.

Flexibility:

Survivability:

Enabling Technologies:

Fly-by-light/Power-by-wire. Fly-by-thought (brain activity, head movement, eye movement, voice sensing). Miniaturized COTS components (devices, actuators, sensors). Replacing hydraulics with electrical & optical devices and power. Improved paints and coatings (including paint removal technologies). Structural prognostics and health management.

Maintainability:

UNMANNED VEHICLES / ROBOTS

Battlefield Robot:
Friend or foe & reconnaissance Carnegie Mellon.

Micro-Unmanned Air Vehicle:

With motors, linkages, a video camera, an up/down-link RF communication receiver and antenna. (Intelligent Automation)

Underwater Robot:
For mine clearing in shallow water. (Northeastern University, DARPA, ONR)

Fractal Shape-Changing Robot:

can effect a change in the shape of the robots structure (Blue Yonder)

ARMAMENTS
Lethality:
Smaller, lighter weapon systems that is more mobile, have longer range, and increased velocity from:

High strength, lightweight structural materials with reduced aero-thermal-dynamic erosion. More powerful energetic materials. Improved sensing / target detection capabilities. Sensor protection from military and environmental threats. Smart materials to control impact and weapon functions. New fabrication methods for unique capabilities. (E.g. controlled fragmentation Warheads)

Survivability:

Reduced chance of accident from energetic materials that are less sensitive to environmental conditions, handling and storage. Better computers and electronics to process more information in less time. Smart imaging sensors for very precise target selection. Environmental sensors for global weather data.

Accuracy:

COMMAND & CONTROL

Operability:

Low-cost miniature devices and systems making command and control more

technologically and economically efficient.

Computers, electronics, imaging, wireless technologies. Unmanned vehicles / robotics.

Information:
Low-cost real-time sensors operating 24/7 in remote locations

Highly sensitive, multiplexing chemical and biosensors for early warning of CB threats. Acoustic sensors for tracking of noise-emitting targets. Miniatures camera. Electro-optical sensors for improved and smaller night vision devices. Quantum computing for encryption.

Data Security:

SOLDIER WARFARE
Mobility:

Light, multifunctional materials & systems for Integrated power, data bus, antenna. Form fitting uniform. Waste elimination.

load reduction 100 lb. > 30 lb.

Survivability:
Multi-functional combat suit with devices and materials for:

Ballistic protection. NBC protection. Thermo baric protection. Laser light protection. Micro cooling and heating. Hydration system.

Stealth:
Materials for:

Reduced signature Active camouflage.

Fight Ability:
9

Components for:

Multi-spectral vision system. Audio system and voice control. Actuators for increased human performance.

Lethality:Components for:

Modular weapon system. Advanced laser system. Advanced sights.

HUMAN PERFORMANCE & WELL-BEING

Survivability:

Low cost multiplexing sensors for the rapid detection of NBC threats. Low cost portable medical devices for field use. New drugs/drug delivery systems.

Intelligence:
Wearable devices & implants for:

Biomedical monitoring. Physiological monitoring. Automated self medicating. Genetic testing to determine disease and Stress susceptibility factors.

Performance Enhancement:

Devices for improving vision, hearing and other senses. MEMS devices and tools for increasing strength. Automated injection systems for the delivery of medications. Miniature implantable medical devices (e.g. Defribulators). MEMS assisted prosthetics with improved biocompatibility. Improved technologies for restoring vision, hearing and other senses. Smart surgical tools and systems.

Repair:

10

APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN OTER AREAS

Nanotechnology opens up vast new capabilities

IN MEDICINE
1) Systematically organize and manipulate matter from the bottom up and control every atom. 2) Camera that can be swallowed for medical imaging.

3) DNA Sequencing (NASA)

IN INDUSTRIES

11

Fuel Cell Membrane (Celanese) for filtering

Nano scale electrodes provide ultra sensitive detection and highly focused stimulation Brain Implant Eye Chip

Electrochemical Biosensor (NASA)

Micro and Nano Systems-on-a-chip provide multiple functionality in a tiny footprint and COTS pricing

12

MNT (micro nano technology) Platforms are the Lowest Common Denominators of Aerospace End-Products
The areas where NANOTECHNOLOGY is applied:

Implications of Nanotechnology to DRDC and Canada

1. Nanotechnology has the potential to develop next generation technological solutions 2. Canadian challenges such as Peacekeeping, Border Security, and Biothreat Early Warning Systems can benefit from innovation employing nanotechnology and other Technologies DRDC funding can be leveraged by additional funding from other federal and provincial agencies, the private sector and allied countries through a CANEUS-type initiative. This can reduce time-to-market for new technologies and stimulate economic development in Canada.

Conclusion
NANO DEFENSE secures the country& increases the strength. It gives large with fewer efforts and less losses. Nanotechnology has the potential to provide the aerospace industry a collective process for providing new platforms with predictable release dates that have better

13

performance, increased functionality, better reliability and lower unit prices. Most industrial countries have created Top Down National. Nanotechnology Initiatives (NNI) for technological and economic development. Nanotechnology has broad implications for the Military. By using NANOTECHNOLOGY we can reduce the size of the devices, increase the speed, decrease the power consumption etc. So, the whole world seems to be very small before you. Lets us wait for a NANOWORLD.

14