Scribd Logo
Carica

Benvenuto in Scribd!

  • Pathophysiology Copd-Chf

    Caricato da

    Zaira Batalo
    1K visualizzazioni2 pagine
    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a 61-year-old male with a family history of asthma. Predisposing factors include genetics and age, while precipitating factors include alcohol consumption, high salt and fat diet, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking. Over time, abnormal inflammation in the lungs leads to loss of elasticity, scarring, and thickening of the airways and walls of the alveoli, reducing gas exchange and causing hypoxemia. This pulmonary damage and obstruction ultimately leads to pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure.

    Descrizione originale:

    Titolo originale

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY COPD-CHF

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Formati disponibili

    DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online da Scribd

    Hai trovato utile questo documento?

    Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

    Segnala questo documento
    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a 61-year-old male with a family history of asthma. Predisposing factors include genetics and age, while precipitating factors include alcohol consumption, high salt and fat diet, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking. Over time, abnormal inflammation in the lungs leads to loss of elasticity, scarring, and thickening of the airways and walls of the alveoli, reducing gas exchange and causing hypoxemia. This pulmonary damage and obstruction ultimately leads to pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    1K visualizzazioni2 pagine

    Pathophysiology Copd-Chf

    Caricato da

    Zaira Batalo
    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a 61-year-old male with a family history of asthma. Predisposing factors include genetics and age, while precipitating factors include alcohol consumption, high salt and fat diet, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking. Over time, abnormal inflammation in the lungs leads to loss of elasticity, scarring, and thickening of the airways and walls of the alveoli, reducing gas exchange and causing hypoxemia. This pulmonary damage and obstruction ultimately leads to pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 2

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

    Predisposing Factors: Family history of Asthma Age: 61


    Entry of noxious particles or gases to the lungs

    Precipitating factors: ALCOHOL: consume 1 bottle/1 L DIET: increase salt, fat LIFESTYLE: sedentary , smokes 1 pack/day

    Induced production of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes

    Loss of elastin

    Abnormal inflammation of the lung

    Blockage or narrowing of the airways

    Scar tissue formation Chronic Bronchitis

    Damage to the alveolar walls

    Alveolar hypoxia

    Thickened airways Constant Irritation Produced excess smooth muscles and connective tissues

    Decrease exchange of air in the surface area

    Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction Pulmonary hypertension Increased pulmonary vascular resistance

    Excess secretion of mucus

    Increase right ventricular workload

    Fibrosis Thickening of vessel wall Increase pressure in the chest Narrowing of airway lumen Right ventricular hypertophy

    Right sided heart failure

    Edema

    Difficulty exhalation

    Airflow limitation

    Low oxygen supply

    Inability to receive full pulmonary blood

    Atrial dilation, remodelling, sympathetic activation

    Increase cell death to the heart

    Increase pulmonary pressure Fluid movement from interstitium to alveoli

    Backward flow of blood from systemic circulation

    LEFT Manifestations Shortness of breath Use of accessory muscles when breathing Productive cough Rales Pale extremities fatigue

    Decrease ventricular contraction

    Inability to receive full systemic blood Increase amount of blood in left ventricle Decrease capacity to receive blood from left atrium Blood goes back to left atrium Increase left atrial workload Atrial dilation, remodeling, sympathetic activation Increase right ventricular workload Increase preload Right ventricular dilation, remodeling, sympathetic activation

    RIGHT Manifestations Bipedal edema Distended Jugular neck veins @ 45 degree position Headache

    Decrease renal perfusion Systemic congestion Increase sodium retention

    Decrease capacity to receive blood from right atrium Blood goes back to right atrium

    Increased osmotic pressure

    Increased water reabsorption

    Increase right atrial workload Increase left atrial pressure

    Fluid overload

    Edema

    Potrebbero piacerti anche