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Title of Unit

Graphing Polynomials

Grade Level

10th

Standard: MA2A3. Students will analyze graphs of polynomial functions of higher degree. a. Graph simple polynomial functions as translations of the function f(x) = axn. b. Understand the effects of the following on the graph of a polynomial function: degree, lead coefficient, and multiplicity of real zeros. c. Determine whether a polynomial function has symmetry and whether it is even, odd, or neither. d. Investigate and explain characteristics of polynomial functions, including domain and range, intercepts, zeros, relative and absolute extrema, intervals of increase and decrease, and end behavior. MA2P1. Students will solve problems (using appropriate technology). b. Solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts. c. Apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems. Understandings: The degree and leading coefficient explain a functions behavior without having to graph it. Only odd exponents and only even exponents will cause symmetry for the function. The multiplicity of a zero determines the direction of a function. The characteristics of the function are determined by the degree, leading coefficient, and multiplicity of zeros. The characteristics of polynomials are comparable to the basic linear and quadratic functions. Prior Knowledge: Students know how to find all roots and zeros of polynomial functions using various methods such as: factoring, quad. formula, and synthetic division using the Rational Root Theorem Essential Questions: The following questions will be used throughout the unit Overarching Questions: How does the graph of a polynomial function compare to the basic linear and quadratic functions? What effect does the leading coefficient and Topical Questions: What methods would you choose to find the zeros of a function? What does the degree of a polynomial tell about the zeros?

degree have on the graph of a polynomial function? Will the effects of the leading coefficient and degree remain consistent with all polynomial functions?

How does the graph of a polynomial function look? What characteristics are important to you when graphing a polynomial function?

Lesson Plans for the Unit


Day 1 Odd, Even, or Neither? That is the question. Standard: Determine whether a polynomial function has symmetry and whether it is even, odd, or neither. Investigate and explain characteristics of polynomial functions, including domain and range, intercepts, zeros, relative and absolute extrema, intervals of increase and decrease, and end behavior. E.Q. How does the graph of a polynomial function compare to the basic linear and quadratic functions? How does the graph of a polynomial function look? Overview: The students are going to explain why a function is even, odd, or neither. The lesson will start with a video pod-cast explaining the definitions of all the characteristics of polynomial functions using the Graphs of Polynomial Functions notes pages. The teacher is using flipchart pages on the Promethean Board so students will be able to follow along with the instruction. Only a few of the examples will be given in the lesson. Students will complete the rest of the examples on their own. Then the students will work with a partner to determine if a function is even, odd, or neither. The students must be able to justify and explain their reasoning for the findings. These activities involve the Facets of explanation, application, and self-assessment Activities: 1. Guided notes on Graphs of Polynomial Functions Students will use the video and the notes to assist them in learning. The video will use some of the examples, but the students must work the rest of the examples themselves. 2. Students will work on U3W10 with a partner. This is a follow-up assignment. The students will work with a partner if they choose or they may work alone.

Day 2 Match Maker Standard: Investigate and explain characteristics of polynomial functions, including domain and range, intercepts, zeros, relative and absolute extrema, intervals of increase and decrease, and end behavior.

E.Q. How does the graph of a polynomial function look? How does the graph of a polynomial function compare to the basic linear and quadratic functions? Overview: Based on what the students learned the day before about the characteristics and even or odd functions, they are going to apply their understanding of the characteristics of functions in the Match Maker. The Match Maker is an activity with various polynomial graphs mixed with all of the characteristics on the next couple of pages. The students will match up the characteristics with the graphs. When Match Maker is complete, each student is instructed to write a short essay explaining the techniques (if any) used to matching the graphs with the characteristics. In these assignments, the students will use the facets of interpretation, application, and change of perspective. The students have to be able to visualize a graph that matches up with characteristics scattered on other pages. Activities: 1. Match Maker assignment In this assignment, students are given several pages with graphs of polynomial functions and characteristics listed on other pages. The students must match up the characteristics with the graph based on the notes and memory from the previous day. 2. Short essay explaining technique for completion of Match Maker. This assignment is to be completed after the students finish Match Maker. Each student will explain the method used behind matching up the graphs with the characteristics. This is a self-assessment as well as an interpretation of their understanding. Day 3 and 4 Finally Graphing!! Standard: a. Graph simple polynomial functions as translations of the function f(x) = axn. b. Understand the effects of the following on the graph of a polynomial function: degree, lead coefficient, and multiplicity of real zeros. E.Q. What effect does the leading coefficient and degree have on the graph of a polynomial function? What characteristics are important to you when graphing a polynomial function? What methods would you choose to find the zeros of a function? Overview: In this lesson, the students are going to be guided by the teacher into graphing the polynomial functions. The teacher is going to give the students a few brief notes on how to graph and then the students will use their knowledge about the leading coefficient and degree to help them with the graph. The notes and examples will be given through a video using the flipchart and Promethean Board to guide the students through a few examples on how to graph a polynomial function. It should become evident through the work which characteristics are important for graphing. The students will be using this time to assess their knowledge and choose which characteristics are important for graphing. On the second day students are going to choose a polynomial function they graphed the day before and explain how they graphed it. These two days of lessons use the facets of explanation, interpretation, self-assessment, and application.

Activities: 1. Guided notes following steps to graph a polynomial function. Students will use prior knowledge of solving polynomials to help graph. 2. Students will graph polynomial functions using the steps aligned in the video instruction. 3. Students will choose one or two polynomial functions and explain the process for graphing in a short essay. The essay must include the following: a. What steps did you take to graphing the polynomial function? b. What effect did the leading coefficient and degree have on graphing your function? c. Did you have any zeros with multiplicity? What effect did they have on the graph? d. Which characteristics did you find were helpful in visualizing the function before it was graphed? Day 5 Application problems Standards: MA2P1. Students will solve problems (using appropriate technology). b. Solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts. c. Apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems. E.Q. Will the effects of the leading coefficient and degree remain consistent with all polynomial functions? What does the degree of a polynomial tell about the zeros? Overview: Students are going to work on U3W14 Applications of Poly Functions. Students can read through the What to do page and follow the directions there. The worksheet is a combination of different problems that the students will solve. The students will need to use the knowledge of polynomial functions that have been developed over the entire unit. After the students work on the application problems, they will evaluate the work of others in small groups. This lesson uses the facets of explanation, empathy, and application. Activities: 1. Students will work on U3W14 individually. Using notes and knowledge from this week, students will apply their skills to some problems that are not easily solved. Some of the problems are easy to think through while others require multiple skills. 2. Students will compare answers and evaluate other students performance. In this part of the assignment students are going to evaluate each other using mathematical vocabulary and detailed explanations. Day 6 Final Unit Assessment Standard: MA2A3. Students will analyze graphs of polynomial functions of higher degree. c. Graph simple polynomial functions as translations of the function f(x) = axn. d. Understand the effects of the following on the graph of a polynomial function: degree, lead coefficient, and multiplicity of real zeros.

e. Determine whether a polynomial function has symmetry and whether it is even, odd, or neither. f. Investigate and explain characteristics of polynomial functions, including domain and range, intercepts, zeros, relative and absolute extrema, intervals of increase and decrease, and end behavior. MA2P1. Students will solve problems (using appropriate technology). d. Solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts. e. Apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems. Activity: Unit Assessment. There is no overview or video lesson to go along with the assessment. It is comprised of the many things the students have learned throughout this unit involving graphing, identifying characteristics, and methods behind their evaluation of each.

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