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Title: Author: Date: Document No:

ike DGPS Post Processing Manual Jeremy Gold 21 December 2006 D861

This document describes how to DGPS post process data collected on ike304 using Graf Nav Lite

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0.1

JG

21/12/2006

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Other supportive documents available from Surveylab: ike ArcPad Application Builder Manual ike DGPS Post Processing Manual ike Quick Start Guide Also available; ike Software Development Kit (SDK) and manual

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1 Graf Nav Lite

Waypoint GrafNav Lite can be purchased as an optional extra, and is required for DGPS post processing to improve the accuracy of data points captured using ike. Installation instructions are provided in the GrafNav Lite User Manual.

2 DGPS Post Processing

DGPS Post processing allows you to combine GPS measurements captured using a GPS Master station in a known location with the GPS measurements captured using ike to cancel out measurement errors due to environmental conditions (e.g. ionospheric propagation conditions etc). This clause describes the typical process used for DGPS post processing data captured with ike.

1. In the ike Sync Main dialog, Click the DGPS button to launch the DGPS Post Processing dialog as shown in the following figure. 2. The dialog provides a list of all of the DGPS log files found in the subfolder DgpsLogs under the Desktop Data Folder. 3. The Remote log file column provides the names of the DGPS log files as copied from ike 4. The DGPS Corrected file column lists the expected file names of the files that must be created corresponding to each raw log file. 5. The Status column indicates Corrected file not found if the DGPS corrected file corresponding to the Remote log file does not exist. 6. The Status column indicates OK if the DGPS corrected file corresponding to the Remote log file is found in the correct location.

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7. Select one of the rows in the dialog, and click Process Selected to launch GrafNav Lite. The selected Remote log file will be loaded automatically. The following figure shows a typical example. Note: If an error is displayed indicating that the file ikeGPS_YYMMDD.log could not be converted to GrafNav Lite format, ensure that GrafNav is installed, and licensed, and the hardware lock is connected. If you are processing a large file, wait for the conversion dialog to close, then click Retry in the error dialog. 8. Obtain a Master log file and convert it to the GrafNav Lite format (GPB). 9. Select File->Add Master GPB File, and browse for your master file.

10. GrafNav Lite will calculate the average position of the station as found in the log file and present the Enter Master Position dialog. Enter a more precise position if known and click OK.

11. Select Process->Process Differential. 12. Under the Process tab, select Single frequency carrier phase for the Process Data Type.
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13. Initially, use the default settings for the General, Advanced, and Standard Deviation tabs. 14. Click Process, and ensure that no error messages are displayed. When the processing is complete, close the GPS processing dialogs. A typical example of the processed result is shown in the following figure. Click Output>Plot GPS Data, and select RMS C/A code from the List of variables. A graph will be displayed showing the C/A code values calculated while processing. A typical example is shown to the left.

15.

16.

17.

From the plot, estimate a value such that 90 95% of the plot lies under the selected value (e.g. 3.4 for the plot shown in the figure above). It is advisable to be a bit pessimistic with this estimate. Note this value. Click Output->Plot GPS Data, and select RMS Carrier phase from the List of variables. A graph will be displayed showing the RMS carrier phase values calculated while processing.

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18. From the plot, estimate a value such that 90 95% of the plot lies under the selected value (e.g. 0.010 for the plot shown in the figure above). It is advisable to be a bit pessimistic with this estimate. Note this value. 19. Click Process->View Processing Summary. Note that the values in the Processing summary will probably be more optimistic than the values estimated from the plot. 20. Confirm that the L1 phase RMS value shown is close to the value estimated in step 0. 21. Confirm that the C/A code RMS value shown is close to the value estimated in step 16. 22. Close the Processing Summary window, and click Process->Process differential. 23. In the Standard Deviation tab, enter the value estimated in step 16 for the C/A code Standard Deviation, and enter a value that is 3.5 times the value estimated in step 16 for the C/A code Rejection tolerance. 24. Still in the Standard Deviation tab, enter a value 3 times the value estimated in step 0 for the L1 phase Standard Deviation, and enter a value 5 times the value estimated in step 0 for the L1 phase Rejection tolerance.

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25. These instructions describe the approach that we have found most useful. We recommend that experimentation be performed comparing your results with known survey marks to fine tune your approach, and to ensure that your results meet your requirements before using DGPS when gathering important data.

26. For further information on adjusting the Standard Deviation and Rejection Tolerances, please refer to the GrafNav Users Manual, chapter 10.1.2.4. For general advice on improving DGPS post processing results, please refer to chapter 10 in the GrafNav Users Manual. Close the plot windows. 27. Click Process, and ensure that no error messages are displayed. When the processing is complete, close the GPS processing dialogs. 28. Click Output->Export Wizard to launch the Export Coordinates Wizard as shown in the following figure.

29. The Export file must be named ikeGps_YYMMDD.csv in the DgpsLogs subfolder of the Desktop Data Folder, where YYMMDD corresponds to the date of the GPS log file being corrected. The required filename is shown in the ike Sync DGPS Post Processing Dialog, in the DGPS Corrected file column.Select the Profile called CsvFileForDgpsCorrector. Click Next three times, then Finish to create the CSV file. 30. Close GrafNav.

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31. Return to the ike Sync DGPS Post Processing dialog, and ensure that the Status column for the file you have been working on indicates OK. The following figure shows a typical example. 32. Repeat the process until the Status for all rows is OK. 33. Click Apply DGPS corrections. A progress window similar to that shown in the following figure will be presented, describing the actions that have been performed. Warnings will be provided indicating if DGPS information could not be found for any of the features being corrected. ArcPad will be launched briefly to correct any shapefiles that need to be corrected.

34. The databases in the Desktop Data Folder have now been updated to include DGPS processed locations for each point captured. A copy of the original file will be made with the text _Corrected added to the filename. For example, Generic_Corrected.shp contains the corrected version of Generic.shp.

2.1.1.1 Obtaining and converting a Master log file

A master log file may be obtained either using the GrafNav Lite Download Manager, or by alternate means (e.g. using your own Master station, or downloading data from the internet).

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2.1.1.2 Using the GrafNav Lite Download Manager to obtain a Master log file
1. In GrafNav Lite, start the Download manager by selecting Tools->Download Service Data. 2. The first time you use the download manager, you will be prompted to enter your email address for anonymous FTP login.

3. Select the Add Closest tab as shown in the following figure to locate an appropriate Master station. 4. Click Position from GPB File, and browse for the Remote file being corrected. You will be provided with details of the available Master stations as shown in the following figure. Depending on your location, you may need to adjust the Maximum distance setting to get a suitable Master station.

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5. Select the desired Master station (or stations), and click Add selected.

6. Return to the Download tab, and specify the Path to send files to. The recommended location is the subfolder DgpsLogs of the Desktop Data Folder. 7. The relevant date and time should be set automatically based on the remote file you selected. 8. Select the Resample to new interval option, and enter 1 second. The following figure illustrates a typical download session after these steps have been performed.

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9. Click the Download button, and ensure that the progress dialog indicates that all files were downloaded successfully. Close the progress dialog once the download is complete. A checkmark will appear next to all of the files that were downloaded successfully as shown in the following figure.

10. Close the download manager. The downloaded file will be available in the location specified.

3 Obtaining and converting a Master file using alternate means

1. Obtain your Master file in its raw format wither by downloading from the Internet, by using your own Master station receiver etc. These files may be RINEX, or receiver specific files, as long as they are supported by the GrafNav Lite Convert utility. 2. Once the file has been obtained, you must convert it to the GrafNav Lite GPB format. Use the GrafNav Lite conversion utility to do this. 3. For further information about the Convert utility, see clause 7 of the GrafNav Lite Users Manual. 4. The data should also be re-sampled to 1-second intervals. Use the GrafNav Lite 'Concatenate, Splice, and Resample GPB' utility to do this. For further information about this utility, please refer to the GrafNav Lite User Manual, Clause 6 Section 4.

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