Paulownia tomentosa

Princess tree
Introduction All seven species of the genus Paulownia are reported to grow in almost all the provinces of China, except Inner Mongolia, northern Xinjiang, and Tibet. Members of this genus prefer to grow in well-drained soil with a pH of 6-8. Paulownia species are among the most popular cultivated trees in China[202]. Species of Paulownia in China Scientic Name P. australis Gong Tong P. catalpifolia Gong Tong P. elongata S. Y. Hu P. fargesii Franch. Taxonomy Family: Scrophulariales Genus: Paulownia Sieb. et Zucc. Description Paulownia tomentosa is a woody tree that may reach 20 meters in height, with a broad, umbelliform crown. The bark is brownish gray. The branches have numerous nodes and obvious lenticels; young branches are covered with short glandular hairs. The cordate leaves are about 40 cm long, hairy on both surfaces, with the underside especially so. The leaves have acute apices and entire or lobed margins; which distinguishes P. tomentosa from P. tomentosa var. tsinlingensis. The violet, bell-shape owers of the pyramidal to narrowly conical thyrses bloom from April to May. Fruits are ovate capsules 3-4.5 cm long, coated with viscid hair when young. The capsules appear from August to September. Seeds, including wings, are 2.5-4 mm long [202]. Habitat and Distribution Paulownia tomentosa occurs naturally at elevations below 1,800 m in Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, and probably northern Invasive Plants of Asian Origin Established in the US and Their Natural Enemies 123 Scientic Name P. fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. P. kawakamii Ito P. tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Sichuan[202]. Economic Importance Similar to other members of the genus, P. tomentosa is cultivated for timber because of the texture of its wood, as well as its ability to tolerate harsh environments. It is also used medicinally [202]. Related Species Paulownia tomentosa var. tsinlingensis is distinguished from Paulownia tomentosa var. tomentosa by its round to
Leaves and fruit of Paulownia tomentosa. (Photo by James H. Miller, USDA-FS.)

Paulownia tomentosa

shallowly cordate leaf base and glabrous or sparsely hairy lower leaf surface. It occurs below 1,700 m in Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, and Sichuan[202]. Natural Enemies of Paulownia At least ten species of fungi have been reported to infect members of the genus Paulownia. Eight fungal species can live on P. tomentosa, four of which, Ascochyta paulowniae, Gloeosporium kawakamii, Mycosphaerella corylea and Phyllactinia paulowniae appear to be host specic. Paulownia witchsbroom, caused by a mycoplasma-like organism, occurs on P. tomentosa nationwide. There are 113 insects in 39 families within 7 orders associated

Paulownia tomentosa

with Paulownia.

Fungi
Phylum Family Erysiphaceae Species Phyllactinia paulowniae Yu H. R. m oo Phyllactinia salmonii S. Blumer p p Uncinula clintonii Peck m Mycosphaerella corylea (Pers.) Karst. p Septobasidium tanakae (Miyabe) Boedijn & B.A. Steinm. Phytophthora palmivora (E.J. Butler) E.J. Butler Pythium myriotylum Drechsler Gloeosporium kawakamii Miyabe Cercospora paulowniae Hori Pseudocercospora paulowniae Goh & W.H. Hsieh po po m o oo m Ref. 22 22 23 23 23 23 188 188 23 23 110 23

Ascomycota

Mycosphaerellaceae Basidiomycota Platygloeaceae Oomycota Pythiaceae

Anamorphic Diplocarpon Anamorphic Mycosphaerella

Anamorphic Mycosphaerellaceae Ascochyta paulowniae Sacc. & Brunaud Regarded as synonym of Pseudocerospora paulowniae Goh & Hsieh

Arthropods
Order Family Species Batocera horseldi (Hope) Batocera lineolata Chevrolat Dere thoracica White Dorysthenes hydropicus Pascoe Dorysthenes paradoxus (Faldermann) Megopis sinica White Xylotrechus grayii (White) Cetoniidae Glycyphana horseldi (Hope) Aulacophora nigripennis Motschulsky Gallerucida bifasciata Motschulsky Hemipyxis chinensis (Weise) Hemipyxis jeanneli (Chen) Hemipyxis plagioderoides (Motschulsky) Oides bowringii (Baly) H. R. po po po po po po po po po po po po mo mo po po mo po po Ref. 9 85 158 85 85 85 85 85 9 85 65 85 85 140 185 65 85 185 85

Cerambycidae

Coleoptera

Chrysomelidae

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Paulownia tomentosa

Oides tarsatus (Baly) Paleosepharia fulvicornis Chen Pseudespera paulowniae Jiang Crioceridae Sagra femorata purpurea Lichtenstein Sagra fulgida janthina Chen Phytoscaphus gossypii Chao Curculionidae Piazomias fausti Frivaldszky Piazomias validus Mostchulsky Scythropus yasumatsui Kono et Morimoto Eumolpidae Nodina tibialis Chen Basiprionota bisignata (Boheman)

po po oo po po po mo po po po po po po po po mo po po po

85 85 140 85 85 85 85 2 2 85 139 140 158 65 65 85 140 140 158 85 85 65 85 85 85 85 85 85 65 85 192 85 85 192 85I 65 65 192

Hispidae

Basiprionota chinensis (Fabricius)

Basiprionota whitei (Boheman) Laccoptera quadrimaculata (Thunberg) Lucanidae Meloidae Melolonthidae Rutelidae Scolytidae Berytidae Coreidae Hemiptera Miridae Aegus laevicollis Saunders Aegus parallelus Hope et Westwood Epicauta sibirica Pallas Holotrichia trichophora (Fairmaire) Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire) Anomala antiqua (Gyllenhal) Ambrosiodmus rubricollis (Eichhoff) Gampsocoris pulchellus (Dallas) Yemma signatus (Hsiao) Cletus tenuis Kiritshenko Gallobelicus crassicornis Distant Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) Dalpada cinctipes Walker Pentatomidae Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus)

po po po po po po po po po po mo po mo po po mo po po po

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Paulownia tomentosa

Erthesina fullo (Thunberg) Eurostus grossipe Dallas Eurostus validus Dallas Lamprocoris roylii (Westwood) Laprius varicornis (Dallas) Menida metalliea Hsiao et Cheng Menida scotti Puton Plautia mbriata (Fabricius) Rubiconia peltata Jakovlev Stollia guttiger (Thunberg) Tingidae Eteoneus angulatus Drake et Maa Empoasca avescens (Fabricius) Cicadellidae Hishimonus sellatus (Uhler) Tettigoniella ferruginea (Fabricius) Tettigoniella viridis (Linn) Cicadidae Oncotympana maculaticollis (Motschulsky) Platypleura kaempferi (Fabricius) Diaspididae Margarodidae Membracidae Ricaniidae Isoptera Termitidae Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) Drosicha corpulenta (Kuwana) Jingkara hyalipunctata Chou Ricania sublimbata Jacobi Macrotermes barneyi Light Hyphantria cunea (Drury) Arctiidae Lepidoptera Lemyra melli (Daniel) Lemyra proteus (DE Joannis) Eupterotidae Eupterote chinensis Leech Ascotis selenaria dianaria Hbner Geometridae Biston marginata Matsumura Culcula panterinaria (Bremer et Grey)

po po po po mo po po m po po po mo po po mo m po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po

85 192 65 85 65 65 85 193 193 85 192 85 85 192 85 192 85 132 85II 85III 85 158 85 85 158 85 85 85 85 41 41
141IV

Homoptera

41 85 85 85 65 85

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Paulownia tomentosa

Hepialidae

Odontopera aurata (Prout) Phassus excrescens Butler Phassus sinifer sinensis Moore Latoia hilarata (Staudinger) Parasa consocia Walker Thosea sinensis (Walker) Dasychira grotei Moore Dasychira horseldi Saunders Euproctis bipunctapex (Hampson) Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand Lymantria mathura Moore

Limacodidae

Lymantriidae Porthesia atereta Collenette Porthesia scintillans (Walker) Porthesia similis (Fueszly) Argyrogramma agnata Staudinger Noctuidae Artena dotata (Fabricius) Euxoa oberthuri Leech Helicoverpa armigera (Hbner) Prodenia litura (Fabricius) Spodoptera exigua (Hbner) Junonia orithya Linnaeus Chalia larminati Heylaerts Clania variegata Snellen Dichocrocis chlorophanta Butler Mimicia pseudolibatrix Caradja Pyralidae Pycnarmon cribrata (Fabricius)

Nymphalidae Psychidae

po po po po po po po po po po mo po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po m m po m mo

158 158 85 85 85V 85 65 85 158 65 85 199 141 85 141 158 65 85 158 65 85 65 85 158 85VI 85VI 85VII 85 85 85 85VIII 158 141 85IX 141X 158 85 65 65 85 141 145

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Paulownia tomentosa

Attacus atlas (Linnaeus) Eriogyna pyretorum cognata Jordan Saturniidae Eriogyna pyretorum pyretorum Westwood Samia cynthia (Drurvy) Samia cynthia insularis (Vollendofen) Clanis bilineata tsingtauica Mell Dolbina tancrei Staudinger Parum colligata (Walker) Psilogramma increta (Walker) Sphingidae Psilogramma menephron (Cramer) Theretra oldenlandiae (Fabricius) Tortricidae Orthoptera Thysanoptera
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po po mo

65 207 207 207 85XI 207 207 85 85 85 85 85 141 206 208 85 85 85 65 85

Homona coffearia (Nietner) Atractomorpha sinensis I. Bolivar Selenothrips rubrocinctus (Giard)

Pyrgomorphidae Thripidae

Thrips andrewsi (Bagnall) Recorded as Cyrtopeltis tenius Reuter Recorded as Tettigella ferruginea (Fabricius) Recorded as Cicadella viridis Linnaeus Recorded as Spilarctia melli Daniel Recorded as Parasa hilarata (Staudinger) Recorded as Plusia agnata Staudinger Recorded as Laceoptera dotata Fabricius Recorded as Laohygama exigua Hbner Recorded as Cryptothelea variegata Snellen Recorded as Eumeta variegata Snellen Recorded as Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder

128 Invasive Plants of Asian Origin Established in the US and Their Natural Enemies