CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station

Installation Guide
APCD-LM058-1.0

Copyright
2006 by Vecima Networks Inc. You may copy and/ or print as many copies of this manual as you wish, as long as the software license agreement and this copyright statement are included. Release 1.0, Nov. 2006
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or organizations: Windows XP/Microsoft Windows 2000/Microsoft

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Software License Agreement

This is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and Vecima Networks Inc. for the use of Vecima Networks computer software, hereinafter the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

By using the LICENSED SOFTWARE installed in this product, you acknowledge that you have read this license agreement, understand it, and agree to be bound by its terms. You further agree that it is the full and complete agreement between you and Vecima Networks Inc., superseding all prior written or verbal agreements of any kind related to the LICENSED SOFTWARE. If you do not understand or do not agree to the terms of this agreement, you will cease using the LICENSED SOFTWARE immediately.
1. GRANT OF LICENSEThis License Agreement permits you to use one copy of the LICENSED SOFTWARE. 2. COPYRIGHTThe LICENSED SOFTWARE is owned by Vecima Networks Inc. and is protected by copyright laws and international treaty provisions; therefore, you must treat the LICENSED SOFTWARE like any other copyrighted material (e.g., a book or magazine).

3. LIMITS OF FEATURE AVAILABILITYThe LICENSED SOFTWARE is sold with limitations as

to certain feature availability and use. These limits are governed by the terms of the purchase agreement. Any actions resulting in the exceeding of these limits is not permitted, and can result in unpredictable performance.

4. OTHER RESTRICTIONSYou may not rent or lease the LICENSED SOFTWARE. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the LICENSED SOFTWARE.
5. LIMITED WARRANTYThe LICENSED SOFTWARE is provided as is without any warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the LICENSED SOFTWARE is with you, the licensee. If the LICENSED SOFTWARE is defective, you assume the risk and liability for the entire cost of all necessary repair, service, or correction. Some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have other rights, which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/ jurisdiction.

Vecima Networks Inc. does not warrant that the functions contained in the LICENSED SOFTWARE will meet your requirements, or that the operation of the LICENSED SOFTWARE will be error-free or uninterrupted.
6. NO OTHER WARRANTIESTo the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Vecima Networks Inc. disclaims all other warranties, either express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, with regard to the LICENSED SOFTWARE and the accompanying written materials.

7. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGESTo the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall Vecima Networks Inc. or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the LICENSED SOFTWARE, even if Vecima Networks Inc. has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.
Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation may not apply to you. In no event will Vecima Networks liability exceed the amount paid for the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

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Warranty
In the following warranty text, Vecima Networks shall mean Vecima Networks Inc. This Vecima Networks product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of purchase. During this warranty period Vecima Networks will, at its option, either repair or replace products that prove to be defective. For warranty service or repair, the product must be returned to a service facility designated by Vecima Networks. Authorization to return products must be obtained prior to shipment. The Vecima Networks RMA number must be on the shipping documentation so that the service facility will accept the product. The buyer shall pay all shipping charges to Vecima Networks and Vecima Networks shall pay shipping charges to return the product to the buyer within Canada or the USA. For all other countries, the buyer shall pay shipping charges as well as duties and taxes incurred in shipping products to or from Vecima Networks. Vecima Networks warrants that the firmware designed by it for use with the unit will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on the unit. Vecima Networks does not warrant that the operation of the unit or firmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.

Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the buyer, buyer-supplied interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance. No other warranty is expressed or implied. Vecima Networks specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for any particular purpose.

No Liability for Consequential Damages

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall Vecima Networks or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the product, even if Vecima Networks has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party. Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation may not apply to you. In no event will Vecima Networkss liability exceed the amount paid for the product.

Regulatory Notices
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B Intentional Radiator, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Regulations. These limits are intended to provide protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

Notice to User
Any changes or modifications to equipment that are not expressly approved by Vecima Networks may void the users authority to operate the equipment.

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Contents
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Document Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 LMS4000 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 CCU3100 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 CCU3100 - Key Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.1.1 CCU3100 Connectors and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1.2 Ethernet Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.1.3 Power over Ethernet (PoE) Injector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.1.4 PoE Lightning Arrestor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.5 RF Coaxial Cable Lightning Arrestor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.6 CCU3100 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.7 External Mounting Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.8 Setup Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.9 Base Station Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.10 Antenna Tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.1.11 Cavity Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.1.12 External RF Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.1.13 Environmental Shelter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.1.14 Internet Point of Presence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.1 Pre-Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Installation Steps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 Locating and Mounting the CCU3100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.2 Installing the External Mounting Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.3 Providing Proper Protection and Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.4 Provide Power to the CCU3100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.5 Connecting to the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.6 Testing the Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D 15 18 18 18 19 20 21 22

CCU3100 Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Factory Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Surge Protectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Ethernet Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

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Figures
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 CCU3100 - Indicators and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 PoE Injector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 CCU3100 External Mounting Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Connecting the CCU3100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 PoE Injector - Data & PWR and Data Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Typical RF Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 T568A Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 T568B Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

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Tables
Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Ethernet Status LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Power ON LED Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Radio Indicator LED Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Pre-Installation Stage Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Tested Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Cable Loss Requirements for Outdoor Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Cable Loss Requirements for Indoor Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Losses per RF Path Item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Example Antenna System Gain Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 CCU3100 Factory Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Ethernet Interface Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Wiring T568A and T568B ends for Ethernet Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

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Preface
Conventions
The following conventions are used throughout this document:

WARNING!
Whenever you see this icon and heading, the associated text addresses or discusses a critical safety or regulatory issue.

CAUTION: Whenever you see this icon and heading, the associated text discusses an issue, which, if not followed, could result in damage to, or improper use of, the equipment or software.

TIP: Whenever you see this icon and heading, the associated text provides a tip for facilitating the installation, testing, or operation of the equipment or software.

Regulatory Notices
This device has been tested using unshielded Ethernet CAT-5E cable.

Industry Canada
Operators must be familiar with IC RSS-210 and RSS-102. The CCU31000 has been designed and manufactured to comply with IC RSS-210 and RSS-102. This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed in Appendix A on page 23 and having a maximum outdoor antenna system gain1 of 8.7 dBi. Antenna types not included in this list or having a systems gain greater than 8.7 dB are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.
1. Antenna system gain is defined here as the antenna gain in dBi as published by the manufacturer MINUS all losses due to cables, connectors, or devices (e.g. Cavity filters, surge protectors) installed between the CCU3100 RF port and the antenna port.

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Federal Communications Commission

The CCU3100 contains a radio that has been designed and manufactured to comply with FCC Part 15. Operators must be familiar with the requirements of the FCC Part 15 Regulations prior to operating any link using this equipment. For installations outside the United States, contact local authorities for applicable regulations. Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Interference Environment Operation is subject to the following conditions: This device may not cause harmful interference and, This device must accept any interference received, including interference that might cause undesired operation.

Operational Requirements
In accordance with the FCC Part 15 regulations: 1. The maximum average power output of the intentional radiator shall not exceed one (1) watt (30 dBm) for all spread spectrum systems operating in the 902 to 928MHz band. 2. Stations operating in the 902 to 928MHz band may use transmitting antennas of directional gain greater than 6dBi, provided the average output power from the intentional radiator is reduced by the amount in dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6dBi. 3. The operator of a spread spectrum system and the user of the radio device are each responsible for ensuring that the system is operated in the manner outlined in Interference Environment on page ix. The CCU3100 with its certified antennas complies with these requirements when installed correctly as detailed in this manual.

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Warnings and Advisories

General Advisory
Installers, operators and maintenance personnel must be familiar with the related safety requirements before they attempt to install or operate the CCU3100. It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that the public is not exposed to excessive Radio Frequency (RF) levels. The applicable regulations can be obtained from local authorities.

WARNING!
The CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station must be properly grounded, including using properly grounded surge protectors on all external power, data and RF lines. Vecima Networks assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.

WARNING!
To comply with FCC RF exposure limits, the CCU3100 outdoor antenna must be fix-mounted to provide a separation distance of 30cm (1 foot) or more from all persons to satisfy RF exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the nearest point of the antenna to the human body. It is recommended that the antenna be installed in a location with minimal pathway disruption by nearby personnel.

WARNING!
Outdoor antennas must be professionally installed. The installer must understand applicable FCC or Industry Canada rules regarding antennas. Only the approved antenna types with gains up to the specified maximum can be used with the CCU3100. The installer must also understand and follow electrical codes that apply to installing outdoor antennas.

Important Safeguards
WARNING!
CAUTION: To reduce risk of electrical shock, do not remove covers. There are no user-serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified personnel.

APCD-LM058-1.0

1. Read all these instructions before installing and operating the CCU3100. 2. Retain these instructions for future reference. 3. Heed all warnings on the CCU3100 and in these instructions. 4. Follow all instructions. 5. Do not use CCU3100 and PoE Injector near water. 6. Unplug CCU3100 and PoE Injector from the power source before cleaning. Clean only with a damp cloth. 7. Use only attachments recommended by Vecima Networks. 8. The metal casing protects the CCU3100 from overheating to ensure reliable operations. Do not cover the CCU3100 and PoE Injector. Do not place the CCU3100 or PoE Injector near or over a radiator, stove, heat register or other source of heat. Do not place the CCU3100 and PoE Injector in a built-in installation such as a bookcase or rack unless proper ventilation is provided. The CCU3100 has an outdoor temperature rating, so it can handle a much larger range of temperatures than the PoE injector. However, it is still possible to exceed the CCU3100 specifications by improper placement or ventilation. 9. Operate the CCU3100 only from an IEEE 802.3af, 48 VDC PoE Mode B power source. 10. Operate the provided PoE Injector only from a 100 - 250 VAC, single phase, 47-63 Hz AC power source. The PoE Injector provided is rated for indoor use only. 11. The PoE Injector is equipped with a 3-wire grounding-type plug, which will only fit into a grounding-type power outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact an electrician to replace your obsolete outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding-type plug. 12. Route the AC Power-supply cord and Ethernet cables so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or against them, paying particular attention to cord and cables at their plugs, convenience receptacles and the points where the cords exit the equipment. 13. Provide strain relief for cables near their connections. This is typically done by leaving a loop in the cable near the connection. 14. Ensure the system is properly grounded to provide some protection against voltage surges and built-up static charges. 15. Do not locate the CCU3100 in the vicinity of overhead power lines or other electric light or power circuits, or where it can fall onto such power lines or circuits. When installing outdoors, take extreme care to keep from touching such power lines or circuits, as contact with them might be fatal. 16. Do not overload power outlets and extension cords as this increases the risk of fire or electric shock. 17. Never push objects of any kind through openings in this wireless product as they may touch dangerous voltage points or short-out parts that could result in a fire or electric shock. Never spill liquid of any kind on the PoE Injector. The CCU3100 is an outdoor unit, but it is not submersible nor is it immune to all liquids.

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18. Do not attempt to service this wireless product yourself, as opening or removing covers may expose you to dangerous voltage or other hazards. Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. 19. Unplug PoE Injector from the power source and refer servicing to qualified service personnel under the following conditions: When the power supply cord or plug is damaged. If liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into these products. If the PoE Injector has been exposed to rain or water. The CCU3100 can withstand light rain but not prolonged exposure to water or driving rain. If the CCU3100 does not operate normally for an extended period of time when following the operating instructions. Note that it is possible that Internet traffic can be slow even under normal operations due to network congestion and radio interference and fading and not as result of problems with the CCU3100. When the CCU3100 or PoE Injector exhibit distinct changes in performance. This may indicate a need for service.

20. When replacement parts are required, be sure the service technician has used replacement parts specified by Vecima Networks or with the same characteristics as the original part. Improper substitutions may result in fire, electric shock or other hazards. 21. Upon completion of any service or repairs to this wireless product, ask the service technician to perform safety checks to determine that the wireless product is in proper operating condition. 22. Follow Vecima Networks recommendations when mounting the CCU3100 on a wall, roof, or tower. 23. Install the CCU3100 in compliance with local and national electrical codes. The following are the national codes. The installer is responsible for knowing the appropriate local codes. In the United States, use the National Electrical Code (NEC); In Canada, use the Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, CSA C22.1; In other countries, use the local national code and/or the code from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 364, parts 1 through 7. 24. Ensure that the CCU3100 is properly grounded by attaching a grounding cable to the ground stud on the connector face plate of the CCU3100.

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Revision History
Date Nov. 2006 Revision 1.0 1st Release Description

Customer Support
An extensive knowledge base is available at support.wavewireless.com.
Vecima Networks offers a complete training program. Please contact your sales representative for training information. Vecima Networks also offers priority telephone and email support. Please contact your sales representative for details.

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Introduction

The LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network provides wireless high-speed Internet connectivity to business, SOHO (small office, home office) and residential customers. LMS4000 operates in a point-to-multipoint configuration, with one base station efficiently serving many subscriber stations. LMS4000 transmission is based on a high-performance MAC protocol, and industrystandard IP routing, Ethernet switching and data encryption technology. No radio license is required, since LMS4000 operates in the 900 MHz ISM band. LMS4000 can deliver Internet service over long ranges and often where the radio paths between the base station and subscribers are partially or even totally obscured, that is, non-line-of-sight. Connection between the end-users computer and the subscriber station is through an Ethernet port. The CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station is the latest base station modem for the LMS4000 system and offers significant improvements over the CCU3000: supports true plug and play capabilities for subscriber installs; outdoor rated (rated to IP66) with extended temperature range; 802.3af compatible, 48 VDC Power over Ethernet; high capacity; higher output power; improved RX sensitivity; advanced management features, advanced security features, and VoIP support.

1.1

Document Scope
This Installation Guide covers only the CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station. It provides information on the installation of the CCU3100, its performance, and any required regulatory information, including approved installation notices. Related information can be found in the suite of available LMS4000 manuals, which includes the following: LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Networking Concepts (APCD-LM053) LMS4000 Data Networking Concepts (APCD-LM050) LMS4000 Managing the Network (APCD-LM052) LMS4000 CLI Reference Manual (APCD-LM051) LMS4000 SNMP Reference Manual (APCD-LM049)

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Acronyms and Glossary (APCD-LM056)

These manuals provide information not included in this Installation Guide, including information on: Planning, installing and managing the network. Diagnostic tools for the network and CCU3100. Details on the Command Line Interface and methods of accessing the CCU3100. Manual configuration of the CCU3100 via the CLI. Glossary of network terms.

These manuals, as well as manuals for hardware elements, including EUMs and CCUs, can be found on our Support Portal (support.wavewireless.com). Other documents on the Vecima Networks web site are useful to assist in installing and operating the CCU3100.
Vecima Networks recommends that you be familiar with the following sections before

proceeding with the instructions in this guide: Software License Agreement on page iii Warranty on page iv Conventions on page viii Warnings and Advisories on page x Important Safeguards on page x NOTE: The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. The reader should consult our Support Portal for updates at support.wavewireless.com.

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1.2

LMS4000 Features
The LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network offers the following features and benefits: Excellent Propagation Characteristics: LMS4000 900 MHz radio networks provide excellent coverage to non-line of sight installations using WaveRiders proprietary indoor and integrated outdoor high-gain, active-diversity antennas for the customer premise equipment End-User Modems (EUMs) and with high-gain outdoor base station antennas of the LMS4000 900MHz Communications Channel Unit base stations ( (CCUs) . The 900 MHz ISM band is more suited to NLOS (non-line of sight) wireless Internet applications than other ISM bands because it has superior propagation performance, demonstrating the following benefits: Lower free-space, cable and foliage loss Better wall and glass penetration More signal recovery from diffraction and reflection

High-speed Channel: The LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network provides a raw channel bit rate of 2.75 Mbps, which translates to sustained FTP rates of 2.0 Mbps. High-performance Dynamic Polling MAC: WaveRiders patented Dynamic Polling MAC algorithm takes advantage of typical usage patterns found in Internet transactions, such as Web browsing and E-mail, to provide an operating capacity of up to 300 end users per RF channel. Even with large numbers of subscribers, end users generally perceive that they have the entire channel to themselves. Multiple Communication Modes: The LMS4000 900 MHz radio network includes three different communication modes: Routed ModeIn routed mode, the CCU acts as an IP router between the Ethernet and radio subnets and a switch between EUMs. In routed mode, the CCU supports up to eight IP subnets on the radio side, offering flexibility and high capacity. Switched Ethernet ModeIn this mode, the CCU acts as an Ethernet switch between the Ethernet port and the EUMs. It supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) as well as any number of IP subnets on either or both sides of the CCU. This mode provides simplicity of operation. Through Only ModeSimilar to Switched Ethernet mode, except that this mode constrains all traffic to flow only from a radio link to the Ethernet port or vice versa, not from one radio link to another.

Voice Over IP Support: The LMS4000 system will detect, prioritize and guarantee latency for VoIP traffic packets separately from data traffic. Data transfer rates and VoIP packet latency can be separately controlled for each grade of service and VoIP support can be offered on a per EUM basis. VoIP detection and classification is highly configurable. Bundling allows for multiple simultaneous calls per EUM. Grade of Service Support: The Polling MAC supports up to four end-user grades of service, which allows the system operator to segment service offerings for those users that demand and are willing to pay for higher grades of service, and those that are only willing to pay for a more basic grade of service. License-free Radio Bands: The main advantage of using the ISM band is that you need not apply to the FCC or Industry Canada for an operating license. This freedom reduces your time to market and the effort and high cost associated with obtaining a license.

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Secure Authentication and User Data Encryption: Only EUMs authorized by the CCU can access the wireless network. Mutual authentication of EUM and CCU is handled using the secure 4-way handshake mechanism of WPA2 (AES). All user data flowing over the air can be encrypted using the industry standard IEEE802.11 TKIP cypher. Traffic to and from each EUM is encrypted using a key specific to that EUM, ensuring message integrity and privacy for each user. RADIUS Support: The LMS4000 system supports RADIUS Authorization and RADIUS Accounting for EUM registration, configuration and accounting. Robust Hardware and Software: LMS4000 hardware and software have been rigorously tested in lab and field environments. The hardware, which is mechanically robust, works over a broad range of temperatures and operating conditions. The software is equally robust and has been designed to recover automatically from unplanned events and abnormal operating conditions. Automatic End-user Modem Configuration: The EUM can be automatically configured through DHCP and RADIUS. Out of the box, the EUM will discover the best frequency and CCU and obtain IP, SNMP and configuration parameters from the network. Configuration changes can be made centrally, without contacting individual modems. Indoor and Outdoor End-user Modems: The indoor line of EUMs is the simplest, lowest-cost solution where indoor coverage is available. The outdoor models, with integrated antenna and power over Ethernet, offer greatly increased range. Simple End-user Modem Installation and Operation: It is very easy to install and operate the EUM. So easy, in fact, that the indoor EUM with the WaveRider indoor diversity antenna can be installed by the end user with no involvement from the network operator. This simplicity saves the network operator the cost and inconvenience of having to visit the end-users premises. The outdoor EUM can be quickly and easily installed by a single person. The EUM uses a standard Ethernet interface which means the EUM and antenna can be located up to 100 meters from the end-users PC. Flexible Network Topology: The LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network has a flexible topology, allowing it to line up with the operators existing Internet points of presence and site facilities. The LMS4000 supports a connection between the end-user modem and the Internet through the network operators gateway router and optionally a direct connection between end-user modems through the CCUs or connection between end-user modems on different CCUs. Multiple IP Subnets: In routed mode, the CCU supports up to eight IP subnets on the radio side. This capability facilitates the delivery of Open Access applications, where the system operator can support multiple ISPs, each concurrently delivering service to their customers EUMs and PCs over the operators LMS4000 facilities. A mix of public and private IP address ranges can be supported, saving limited public IPs. Bundling: Bundling, or payload aggregation, improves efficiency and allows for multiple simultaneous VoIP calls per EUM as well as error recovery. Multiple small Ethernet frames are bundled together as one radio transmission, reducing overhead and increasing capacity. DHCP Relay: CCUs support DHCP relay, which, once enabled, allows end-user PCs to automatically obtain their IP and DNS server addresses from the network operators DHCP servers. DHCP relay simplifies the EUM installation even further and makes it easier for the modem to be installed by the end user.

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The CCU supports Relay Agent Information option (RFC3046), which allows operators to assign IP addresses to PCs based on the EUM to which they are attached and facilitates the delivery of Open Access applications. VLAN Transparency: The LMS4000 system passes VLAN-tagged Ethernet frames transparently, including packets up to 1522 bytes in length. Port Filtering: The LMS4000 network operator can configure CCUs and EUMs to filter IP packets on specific TCP and UDP ports to improve network performance, security, and privacy. Remote System Configuration and Diagnostics: The network operator can configure and monitor CCUs and EUMs from anywhere. This remote access allows the operator to make configuration changes, download new features, and diagnose problems remotely without having to visit distant network sites or end-user premises. Spectrum Analyzer: The Spectrum Analyzer tool is very useful for site surveys, installation and troubleshooting. It provides an indication of signal level and interference from external sources and from frequency re-use. On the CCU and EUM, the radio analyse command will force the radio to step across the 900 MHz ISM frequency band. At each frequency, it will measure and report peak, average and noise floor powers. The radio will also report the presence and level of any packets received from an LMS4000 CCU or NCL. SNMP Support: Using WaveRider-supplied SNMP MIBs, network operators can integrate the LMS4000 with their existing network management system to allow monitoring of CCUs and EUMs from an existing and/or centralized SNMP manager. The operator can monitor system events, parameters, and statistics in real time. Statistics can be processed in the SNMP manager to provide alarms, trend data, graphical outputs, and derived performance data. Accurate Time Stamping (SNTP): The CCUs and EUMs can be programmed to synchronize their internal clocks with one or more NTP servers. Time stamping enables all logged events in the CCUs and EUMs to be correlated with events that have taken place at other locations in the network or with events logged by equipment installed outside the network, if this equipment is equipped with accurate timestamping. Accurate time-stamping facilitates diagnosis of complex network problems. Field-replaceable Equipment: In the event of an equipment failure, LMS4000 components are easily replaced with minimal or no disruption to the operation of other components. System Upgradability: The LMS4000 network architecture supports orderly growth from simple installations, through single-CCU CAP (Communication Access Point) sites and multi-CCU CAP sites, to multi-CAP networks. Low Maintenance: CCUs and EUMs require no routine maintenance, other than maintenance of their operating environments within the specified temperature and humidity range.

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Extensive Installation, Maintenance and Diagnostic Support: The CCU and EUM are equipped with a wide range of features and utilities to facilitate unit installation, operation, maintenance, monitoring, and diagnostics: Visual status indicators Simple-to-use command-line interface, offering full unit configuration capability Automatic EUM configuration through DHCP and RADIUS. RSSI (receive signal strength indication) and SQ (receive signal quality) output, to simplify antenna pointing and performance indication. MDB1000 Antenna pointing tool. Ability to remotely FTP files to and from CCUs and EUMs Wide range of operating and performance statistics SNMP support RADIUS authorization and accounting Simple and reliable field-upgrade process Remote download of equipment configuration files to CCUs and EUMs

Your decision to implement an LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network enables you to deliver highquality, high-speed wireless Internet service to the business and residential subscribers in your serving area.

APCD-LM058-1.0

CCU3100 Features

The CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station, shown in Figure 1, is a rugged wireless base station modem that connects up to 300 EUMs to the Internet. It can be installed in locations with limited sheltering and is approved with a variety of high-gain base station antennas.

Figure 1

CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station

Hardware and software improvements make installation easier than ever, allowing rapid deployment. These improvements include Power-over-Ethernet, and advanced Management Features, including RADIUS AAA and SNMP. Key features of the CCU3100 include: Wider Variety of Installation Sites - The CCU3100 has an extended operating temperature range of -40 C to 50 C. The CCU3100 can work in unheated shelters or even outdoors with some solar shielding. A variety of high-gain antennas - From omni directional to log-periodic and stacked dipole sector antennas, there is a wide selection of antennas for the CCU3100.

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Power over Ethernet (PoE) - The CCU3100 is powered by standard 48 VDC Power over Ethernet (802.3af Mode B compatible). With PoE, there is no need for a separate power and Ethernet cable, making installation simpler. 48 VDC PoE - Using 48 VDC power allows the CCU3100 to have up to 100 m of Ethernet cable, which is the maximum by the Ethernet standard. The PoE injector can be located anywhere along this 100 m of cable. This provides great flexibility in placing the CCU3100. Higher RF Power - The CCU3100 is rated at 27.3 dBm at its antenna port. Improved RX Sensitivity - Each CCU3100 is tested to ensure that its RX Sensitivity is -89 dBm or better.

Detailed specifications for the CCU3100 can be found on the Vecima Networks website.

2.1

CCU3100 - Key Elements

The key elements for a successful installation of a CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station are discussed below. The first group are items included in the CCU3100 kit, while the second group are unique to each installation so they must be obtained separately.

Items included with CCU3100

CCU3100 Connectors and Indicators on page 9 Ethernet Port on page 10 Power over Ethernet (PoE) Injector on page 11 PoE Lightning Arrestor on page 12 RF Coaxial Cable Lightning Arrestor on page 12 CCU3100 Grounding on page 12 External Mounting Rails on page 12 Setup Antenna on page 12

Items not included with CCU3100

Base Station Antennas on page 12 Antenna Tower on page 13 Cavity Filter on page 13 External RF Cable on page 13 Environmental Shelter on page 13 Internet Point of Presence on page 14

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2.1.1 CCU3100 Connectors and Indicators

The CCU3100 has all its connectors and indicators on one faceplate for easy access. The connectors and indicators are shown in Figure 2. The interpretation of the indicators is given in the tables following the figure.

Rack mounting screw

Power Over Ethernet Socket

Ethernet Link

Ethernet Traffic Radio Indicator

Power On
Antenna Connector Ground Stud

Rack mounting screw Figure 2 CCU3100 - Indicators and Connectors

Table 1 LED State Ethernet Link

Ethernet Status LEDs Ethernet Status If the Link LED is ON, the Ethernet physical connection is configured and working properly. If the Link LED is OFF, then the Ethernet physical connection is not working properly, which could be because the wrong type of cable was used or there is a problem with the host or device Ethernet interface. If connecting directly to a router or switch, use a straight-through cable. The Ethernet Traffic LED flashes whenever the link is transferring data.

Ethernet Traffic

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Table 2 Power On State ON

Power ON LED Status Status DC voltage is connected to the wireless modem.

Table 3 Signal Level State Off Pulse every two seconds 1 Hza 4 Hzb Solid ON

Radio Indicator LED Status Status The CCU3100 is not functioning, even of the DC power is ON. There are no EUMs associated with the CCU3100, but the CCU3100 is alive and operating. There is one EUM associated with the CCU3100. There are 2-3 EUMs associated with the CCU3100. There are 4 or more EUMs associated with the CCU3100.

a. ON for 1/2 sec. and OFF for 1/2 sec. b. ON 4 times a second with OFF interval same as ON interval

2.1.2 Ethernet Port

The CCU3100 has a weatherproof 10BaseT Ethernet RJ-45 connector. This makes installation easy and robust, since the correct length of standard Ethernet cable can be connected and made weatherproof with the mating connector (supplied separately). The Ethernet cable can be plugged into the PoE Injector directly or through extension cables and a UL-approved PoE Lightning Arrestor (provided). Details on the Ethernet port are found in Appendix D on page 33. There is great latitude available in locating the CCU3100 and routing the Ethernet cable, since up to 330 feet (100 m) of Ethernet cable can be used between the CCU3100 and the equipment providing the Internet point of presence (e.g., IP router or Ethernet switch). If the Ethernet cable must be installed in a weatherproof manner, then the Field-Attachable Plug (TYCO / AMP P/N 1546440-1, website: http://www.tycoelectronics.com) can be used to provide a standard crimping end to the Ethernet cable. These connectors are available through standard parts companies, such as Digi-key and Mouser. LEDs on the CCU3100 indicate the state of the Ethernet port and CCU3100, including if the unit is powered, if an Ethernet link has been established and if Ethernet traffic is passing over the link.

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2.1.3 Power over Ethernet (PoE) Injector

Power is provided to CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station through its Ethernet cable. This power is provided by a device called a PoE Injector, which takes the Ethernet data-only signals in the cable from a computer, switch or router and adds the 48 VDC power to the Ethernet cable going to the modem. The 48 VDC power is provided by converting the AC power provided to the injector by the supplied 3-wire AC cord. Using the standard 48 VDC means that the PoE Injector can be located at any point between the Internet connecting equipment and the CCU3100, without worrying about excessive voltage drop.

Figure 3

PoE Injector

The supplied PoE injector is rated for indoor conditions only. Also, two straight-through CAT5E Ethernet jumper cables are provided to allow connection of the CCU3100 to the PoE Injector and other equipment. These jumpers are indoor rated as well. The supplied PoE injector has a multi-colored LED indicator to show if the CCU3100 is drawing power when the Injector is plugged in and drawing power. This is useful if the CCU3100 is mounted up the tower while the PoE Injector is located at the bottom. The supplied PoE Injector need not be used if 48 VDC 802.3af Mode B PoE power is being provided by a router or Ethernet switch. It is beyond the scope of this document to discuss configuring such devices. It is the installers responsibility to ensure that such devices are compatible with the CCU3100.

WARNING!
Plug the CCU3100 directly into routers or Ethernet switches ONLY if these are providing compatible 48 VDC 802.3af Mode B PoE power, in lieu of the supplied PoE Injector.

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2.1.4 PoE Lightning Arrestor

A PoE lightning arrestor is supplied to be used to protect the CCU3100 from indirect lightning induced surges. The lightning arrestor is able to pass the Ethernet data lines as well as the Power over Ethernet lines. The lightning arrestor must be grounded in accordance with local and national electrical codes. See Appendix C on page 30 for more information.

2.1.5 RF Coaxial Cable Lightning Arrestor

An N-to-N type RF Cable Lightning Arrestor is supplied to protect the CCU3100 from surges picked up by the antenna or the RF cable from the antenna. An RF Jumper cable is also provided which will allow the installer to mount the RF Lightning Arrestor close to the CCU3100. The lightning arrestor must be grounded in accordance with local and national electrical codes. See Appendix C on page 30 for more information.

2.1.6 CCU3100 Grounding

The CCU3100 itself must be properly grounded so that the built-in surge protection will function. As well, a properly grounded CCU3100 has better RF characteristics. The CCU3100 is provided with a pair of washers, a nut and a ring terminal, so that the installer can attach a 10-12 AWG grounding wire directly to the CCU3100. This grounding wire should be attached to the common grounding system for all the equipment.

2.1.7 External Mounting Rails

The CCU3100 can be rack mounted using the captive screws on the endplate. An alternative is to use the external mounting rails provided to mount to a flat surface. See Installing the External Mounting Rails on page 18 for more details.

2.1.8 Setup Antenna

The CCU3100 is provided with a 0 dB Setup Antenna that can connect directly to the RF port of the CCU3100. This allows the CCU3100 to be verified and configured in the office using an EUM3005 or EUM3006, before installing it in the field.

2.1.9 Base Station Antennas

The CCU3100 has 27.3 dBm output power at its antenna port. An outdoor antenna system can be designed to provide up to 8.7 dBi gain in order to increase the transmit power to the allowed maximum of 36 dBm EIRP. The antenna system gain is defined as the antenna gain minus all the losses to the signal in getting from the CCU3100 to the antenna. The CCU3100 has three antenna types approved: Omni-Directional Dipole up to 10 dBd /12.15 dBi; Log-periodic Sectored up to 14 dBd / 16.15 dBi;

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Dipole Array Sectored, with V or H polarization, up to 11.5 dBd / 13.65 dBi.

Antennas of the same type but lower gain can be used. Also antennas of these types with different sector sizes are permitted, as long as the gain is no more than listed above. See Appendix A on page 23 for more detailed discussion on the antennas permitted as well as guidelines for designing the antenna system.

2.1.10 Antenna Tower

Siting and mounting the antenna on a suitable structure (e.g. a tower) is a critical part of setting up the base station so that adequate RF coverage is possible. In general, the higher the antenna the better. Vecima Networks Customer Support Group can assist with prediction models and recommendations for the best antenna site and height.

2.1.11 Cavity Filter

Cavity filters provide additional RF protection from any interference from signals not in your selected frequency band, which is +/- 2.5 MHZ on either side of the center frequency selected for the sector (e.g. if 915 MHz is the selected frequency, then the cavity filter will provide added attenuation for signals outside of the 912.5 to 917.5 MHZ bandwidth used by this sector). Cavity filters are highly recommended for all installation, since the RF environment is subject to change. Cavity filters are essential if site surveys reveal major nearby interferers, such as paging systems or cellular phone systems. Cavity filters are also essential if multiple base stations are colocated. Vecima Networks Customer Support Group can assist the installers in performing a site survey, including helping interpret the results and making recommendations on cavity filters.

2.1.12 External RF Cable

Selecting the correct external RF cable is important, since long runs of RF cable will result in signal loss. However, low loss cable is also quite thick and heavy, so a trade-off needs to be made on ease-of-installation, cost and cable loss. Again, the Vecima Networks Customer Support Group can assist in selecting the right cable for the installation

2.1.13 Environmental Shelter

The CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station is a rugged unit with an extended operating temperature range. However, the PoE Injector as supplied is an indoor unit and some other items, such as the Cavity filter, may not be fully weatherproof. So to ensure long-life operations, an environmental shelter of some sort is recommended. The local environment will determine if the shelter needs to be heated or cooled, etc. For areas with extreme conditions

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(e.g. areas subject to excessive cold and/or heat/humidity and/or lightning), an environmental shelter designed to mitigate these extremes is required.

2.1.14 Internet Point of Presence

The CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station routes Internet signals to and from its Ethernet port over the LMS4000 Radio sector. So the installation must have an Internet point of presence that can generate an Ethernet signal to connect to the CCU3100. This is often provided by an RF backhaul link to another location with Internet service. The choices for this vary with each installation, so it is a key element of the base station installation. The proper equipment selection and protection of the equipment from surges and the environment must be considered. Vecima Networks provides several products that can be used to provide RF backhaul links to deliver the Internet point of presence to the base station. The Vecima Networks Sales group and/or the Customer Support Group can assist in determining how best to provide Internet service to the base station.

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3.1

Installation

A successful installation is divided into pre-installation and installation stages, discussed below.

Pre-Installation Checklist
The Pre-Installation Checklist involves the Network Operator as well as the installer. More detail is provided in the following manuals: LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Networking Concepts (APCD-LM053) LMS4000 Data Networking Concepts (APCD-LM050) LMS4000 Managing the Network (APCD-LM052)

Since each base station installation is unique to the site, we provide only guidelines here. The professional installers and network operators will provide the details specific to their site and installation procedures.

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Table 4

Pre-Installation Stage Checklist Step Discussion The network must be properly configured by the Network Operator to accept the new base station. This includes deciding: what mode to use (Routed, Switched, Through); IP address(es) to assign the CCU3100. It is recommended that the CCU3100 have IP addresses that are on the same subnets as the EUMs on the sector controlled by the CCU, so that the CCU can communicate directly with the EUMs for verifying the link qualities. IP address of CCUs gateway router Grades-of-Service and priority classifications (e.g. for VoIP) DHCP Relay parameters RADIUS Setup, including addresses of server(s), passwords, etc. TIME setup, including addresses of time server(s) Port filtering to block inappropriate traffic over the sector SNMP parameters The installer requires the proper equipment, tools and information prior to installing the modem. Besides standard tools (wrenches, screw drivers, etc.), this might include: cable crimping tools (RF and Ethernet cables) connection sealing materials, to seal external RF connections and any external Ethernet connections. test equipment, such as field-portable spectrum analyzer, EUM for over-the air test, test antennas to verify RF link before main antenna PC to connect to CCU to verify operations and run link tests Cable clamps, tie wraps, etc. Ensure that all the needed parts are included. Typically, a new base station requires: CCU3100 lightning arrestors / surge protectors cavity filter base station antenna RF cables, including jumpers and main cables grounding wires and cable clamps mounting hardware for all the major items. The CCU3100 and some of the other components can be checked out and configured in the office prior to installing at the base station.

Network Configuration

Installation tools

Equipment to be installed

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Step

Discussion A successful base station installation requires proper site selection before any work is done on the site. Wave Wireless Professional Services Group can assist with this. Studies to select or verify the site can include: RF coverage modelling using terrain and topographic data. This modelling will show the expected coverage area for given antenna heights, allowing the operator to decide on the best location and height for the coverage needed. RF site survey, using a spectrum analyzer, to determine what interferers are present and determine the best frequency. Note that the CCU3100 has a built-in spectrum analyzer function. Prepare the base station site (e.g. antenna tower, etc.). This includes: setting up a tower or mast so that the antenna is high enough to cover the sector, installing the correct antenna selecting the location for the CCU3100 and its ancillary equipment. This includes providing any shelters for the equipment. installing a grounding system in accordance with local and national electrical standards installing lightning protection for the tower or mast. If using an existing tower, then most of this is already provided.

SIte Selection Studies

Site Preparation

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3.2

Installation Steps
As with the pre-installation checklist, the following are guidelines to be considered for the specific installation.

WARNING!
Do not install the CCU3100 if lightning storms are threatening.

3.2.1 Locating and Mounting the CCU3100

The CCU3100 is usually located inside a shelter at the base of the tower or in a protective structure on the tower. While the CCU3100 itself is rugged, some of the associated equipment may not be. If the CCU3100 is to be mounted externally, it is suggested that some sheltering enclosure still be used to keep the unit out of direct sunlight and direct rain to increase reliability. It is also suggested that the unit be mounted so that the connector face plate is facing downwards. This avoids having water sitting on the connectors, reducing the potential for moisture getting into the connectors. Provide drip-loops for all cables to the CCU3100 (e.g., Ethernet, RF and ground cables). This prevents water from running down the cables to the CCU3100 as well as removing any strain from the connectors. The CCU3100 can be mounting into a rack using the rack mounting screws on the connector faceplate or to an flat surface using the external mounting rails.

3.2.2 Installing the External Mounting Rails

If the external mounting rails are to be used to mount to a flat surface, follow the instructions below (see Figure 4). 1. Do one side at a time. Remove one of the end two bolts along one side of the CCU3100, the bolts nearest the end plates. 2. Run one bolt through the smaller hole on the mounting rail. Makes sure the external mounting rail is aligned as shown in Figure 4. Run the smaller (7/16 ID) grommet up the bolt to the mounting rail. 3. Screw the bolt back into the CCU3100. Leave loose to allow the second bolt to be inserted. 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the second bolt.

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5. Tighten the bolts to about 5 in-lb. Note that the grommets are compressed between the CCU3100 and the mounting rail. Overtightening will compress the grommets excessively as well as possibly stripping the threads.

Figure 4

CCU3100 External Mounting Rails

6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 for the other mounting rail. 7. In addition to the two external mounting rails, four grommets are provided. These are used in the mounting holes on the rails to the flat surface to provide some shock protection. Insert the larger (1/4 ID) grommets into the holes on the mounting rails to be used to attach the CCU3100 to the surface.

3.2.3 Providing Proper Protection and Grounding

Figure 5 shows a generic installation of the CCU3100 with the PoE Injector and Cavity filter in a temperature controlled enclosure (i.e. shelter, NEMA equipment box, etc.), with all the lines

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protected with surge arrestors. A key element of the protection system is a properly installed ground system.

Eth. Jumper Data Eth. Jumper Data + Pwr

PoE Surge Protector

Eth. Jumper Data

RF Jumper Cavity Filter

Entry Panel

PoE Injector

AC Surge Protector

AC Power

RF Jumper

RF Surge Protector

Main RF Cable

Grounding Cable

Grounding System

Environmental Enclosure

Figure 5

Connecting the CCU3100

Cables between the CCU3100 and the surge protector or ground should be no more than 5 feet long. In addition, the surge protection should be mounted as close to the cable entrance to the shelter or protective enclosure as possible, certainly within 1 m. This may mean mounting the CCU3100 near the shelters entry panel and that entry panel should include or be near to the Power Service Grounding Electrode System (or equivalent). This also allows the surge protectors to be attached to the Power Service Grounding Electrode System (or equivalent) Attach the grounding conductor to the buildings (or towers) Power Service Grounding Electrode System using a ground clamp. See Appendix C on page 30 for discussion on good grounding practices.

3.2.4 Provide Power to the CCU3100

An indoor PoE Injector, shown in Figure 6, is provided with every CCU3100. Locate it in a convenient location that has access to an AC plug and the Ethernet cable that runs to the CCU3100.

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Plug the Ethernet cable to the CCU3100 into the port marked J1 DATA & PWR.

Figure 6

PoE Injector - Data & PWR and Data Ports

Alternatives to the PoE Injector provided can be used, such as PoE enabled routers or switches. If these provide 48 VDC 802.3af Mode B PoE power, then the CCU3100 can be connected directly to them.

CAUTION: Failure to use an acceptable PoE power supply may damage the CCU3100 and void the warranty.

3.2.5 Connecting to the Internet

There are many ways to connect the CCU3100 to the Internet point of presence (PoP), using Ethernet switches, IP routers, etc. The discussion below is for the simplest, most direct method of connection using an Ethernet switch in the shelter containing the CCU3100, using the provided PoE Injector.

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1. Connect the straight-through Ethernet jumper cable (provided) between a port on the Ethernet switch and the DATA only port on the PoE Injector (marked J2 DATA in Figure 6).

CAUTION: Connecting a computer or network device to the J1 DATA & PWR port on the PoE Injector will provide a DC voltage that could damage the device. Ensure that the PoP equipment is connected to the DATA only port (marked J2 DATA in Figure 6) of the PoE Injector and that the CCU3100 is connected to the DATA & PWR port (marked J1 DATA & PWR in Figure 6).

2. Plug the PoE Injector into an AC socket. 3. Check the Ethernet LEDs on the Ethernet switch to ensure the Ethernet connection between the CCU3100 and the Ethernet switch is active. 4. When attempting to send data to, or receive data from, the Internet, check the Ethernet Switch LEDs to ensure data transmission is taking place.

3.2.6 Testing the Data Link

The next step is to connect the CCU3100 to the Internet and test that the CCU3100 is accessible by the Network Operator as expected. This includes verifying the CCU3100s IP addresses, routes, RADIUS settings, etc. The CCU3100s RF section should have been tested in the office using the setup antenna prior to installation, but that test setup can be repeated at the base station if desired. This would be useful to verify the installation up to but not including the RF cables, cavity filter, or base station antenna. This can be done by using the setup antenna on the CCU3100 RF port and a test EUM nearby. Final testing of a base station installation requires a test user site, consisting of a test EUM, antenna, and test computer. Depending on the setup, the test user site can be a real user site or EUM temporarily setup near the base station. The final tests are to use the test user site to send and receive signals from the base station antenna. Power levels and coverage area should be compared to predictions by testing the signals at a variety of locations. Network features, such as DHCP to assign IP addresses should also be tested. The testing outlined in the LMS4000 Managing the Network manual, EUM3006 and/or EUM3005 Installation Guides can be adapted to help test a base station installation.

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Appendix A

CCU3100 Antennas

General

WARNING!
To comply with FCC RF exposure limits, the outdoor antenna must be fix-mounted to provide a separation distance of 30cm (12 inches) or more from all persons to satisfy RF exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the nearest point of the modem to the human body. It is recommended that the antenna be installed in a location with minimal pathway disruption by nearby personnel.

WARNING!
Outdoor antennas must be installed professionally. The installer must understand applicable FCC or Industry Canada rules regarding antennas. Only the approved antenna types with gains up to the specified maximum can be used with the CCU3100. Installer must also understand and follow electrical codes that apply to installing outdoor antennas.

Only antennas that have been approved by FCC and IC can be used with the CCU3100. This means that any antenna of the same family with a gain less than or equal to the approved antenna can be used. The CCU3100 is approved for 27.3 dBm output power at the antenna port. FCC and IC rules require the peak radiated power be no more than 36 dBm (EIRP), so a maximum of 8.7 dB gain is allowed for an outdoor antenna system, which includes the antenna gain in dBi and any losses between the CCU3100 and the antenna, including cable losses, insertion losses at filters and surge protectors etc.

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Appendix A: CCU3100 Antennas

Therefore if a 12.15 dBi Dipole antenna is used, then the losses must be at least 3.45 dB (27.3 + 12.15 - 3.45 = 36 dBm). A rule of thumb is that the losses must equal Antenna Gain (dBi) 8.7. For antennas of the same type, but with less gain, the cable loss requirements can be reduced. For example, a 9 dBi Dipole antenna would only require 0.3 dB cable loss.

WARNING!
If the base station antenna is installed indoors, the maximum allowable EIRP is limited to 34.8 dBm due to RF exposure limits. The antenna system gain is thereby limited to 7.5 dBi, including cable losses (1.2 dB less than the outdoor case). Adjust the antenna gains and/or cable losses appropriate to ensure the 34.8 dBm limit is not exceeded. Indoor antennas must be installed so that people are at least 20 cm from the antenna under normal conditions.

Antennas that support dual polarization, such as the dipole array (Til-tek TA-926VH-8-120 or similar), can only be installed with one of the polarizations active at one time. For the Til-Tek antenna, this means that the CCU3100 can only be connected to one of the antenna ports.

CCU3100 Approved Antennas

Table 5 lists the specific antenna manufacturer and model numbers tested for the FCC and IC certifications. Antennas of the same type and equal or less gain are permitted to be used.

Table 5 # 1 2 3

Tested Antennas Antenna Type Omni-Directional Dipole Log-periodic Dipole array Manufacturer / Model Number Antel / BCD-87010N Swedcom / SC9014 Til-tek / TA-926VH-8-120 Gain (dBd) 10 14 11.5 Gain (dBi) 12.15 16.15 13.65

Table 6 shows the cable losses required to use the highest gain antennas of each approved type when mounted outdoors.

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Appendix A: CCU3100 Antennas

Table 6 # 1 2 3

Cable Loss Requirements for Outdoor Antennas TX Pwr (dBm) 27.3 27.3 27.3 + Ant. Gain (dBi) 12.15 16.15 13.65 - Cbl Loss (dB)* 3.45 7.45 4.95 EIRP (dBm) 36.0 36.0 36.0

Antenna Type Omni-Directional Dipole Log-periodic Dipole array

* Cable loss here also includes insertion losses due to devices and connectors. Table 7 shows the cable losses required to use the highest gain antennas of each approved type when mounted indoors. Note that the System EIRP must be no more than 34.8 dBi for an indoor antenna, so that the radiation at a min. separation of 20 cm is within the required safety limits. For practical installations, an antenna of lesser gain is more likely to be used for indoor installations, so this table is a guideline for the worst cases.

Table 7 # 1 2 3

Cable Loss Requirements for Indoor Antennas TX Pwr (dBm) 27.3 27.3 27.3 + Ant. Gain (dBi) 12.15 16.15 13.65 - Cbl Loss (dB)* 4.65 8.65 6.15 EIRP (dBm) 34.8 34.8 34.8

CCU3100Antenna Type Omni-Directional Dipole Log-periodic Dipole array

* Cable loss here also includes insertion losses due to devices and connectors.

Designing the Antenna System

The following are general guidelines for designing an antenna system. Specific installations may differ from these guidelines. Since the CCU3100 is a base station, it must be installed by professionals with their own guidelines and experience. A typical installation with the CCU3100 located in an equipment shed at the base of a 200 ft. tower might include the following on the RF path from the CCU3100 to the antenna (see Figure 7): RF jumper cable from CCU3100 to the Cavity Filter Cavity Filter RF Jumper cable to the shelter access panel RF Surge Protector properly grounded One or more lengths of low-loss, outdoor RF main cable, preferably run in a shielded cable guide RF Surge Protector properly grounded

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Appendix A: CCU3100 Antennas

Base Station antenna

RF Jumper

RF Jumper

Main RF Cable

CCU3100

Cavity Filter

RF Surge Protector on ShelterAccess Panel

Antenna with optional 2nd RF Surge Protector

Figure 7

Typical RF Path

Table 8 shows typical losses for each of these items2: Table 8 Losses per RF Path Item Item RF Surge Protector Cavity Filter RF jumper cable Main Cable - LMR 200 Main Cable - LMR 240 Main Cable - LMR 200 Main Cable - LMR 400 Main Cable - LMR 600 RF Loss (dB) 0.05 to 0.15 0.5 to 1.5 0.6 10.0 dB per 100 feet 7.6 dB per 100 feet 6.1 dB per 100 feet 3.9 dB per 100 feet 2.5 dB per 100 feet

2. A good web-site to help with RF Cable Loss calculations is http:// www.timesmicrowave.com/cgi-bin/calculate.pl

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Appendix A: CCU3100 Antennas

An example worksheet for calculating the Antenna System Gain is shown below in Table 9:

Table 9

Example Antenna System Gain Worksheet Item Qty. 1 2 2 1 130 feet Gain (dB) 16.15 -1.2 -0.2 -1.0 -5.1 8.7 36.0 Comment max. gain Log Periodic 0.6 dB each 0.1 dB each (avg) 1 dB avg 3.9 dB per 100 feet DBi dBm EIRP (27.3 plus antenna system gain)

Antenna Gain RF jumpers RF Surge protectors Cavity Filter Main RF Cable - LMR400 Total Antenna System Gain Max. TX Power

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Appendix B

Factory Configuration

This appendix identifies the factory configuration settings for the CCU3100 PoE Wireless Base Station

Table 10

CCU3100 Factory Defaults Parameter Default Configuration Switched Ethernet Mode 192.168.10.250 /24 192.168.11.1 /24 192.168.10.1 169.254.10.249 /16 None entered None entered CCU Station ID None entered None entered disabled 15 min. None

Protocol Ethernet IP Address / Netmask Radio IP Address / Netmaska Gateway IP Address Local Link IP Address / Netmask (Available on Ethernet Port only) SNMP Communities (Read and Write) SNMP Traps SNMP Name (= Console Prompt) SNMP Contact SNMP Location Radius Statistics Logging Period Password

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Appendix B: Factory Configuration

Table 10

CCU3100 Factory Defaults Parameter Default Configuration 137 (both) 138 (both) 139 (both) 445 (both) 1512 (both) 905 MHz +26 dBm (High) - To be consistent with previous modems, +26 is used in the CLI to indicate maximum output power. The CCU3100 actually outputs about 27.3 dBm Peak power. (NOTE: For configuring the modem, the power values entered are rounded to the nearest dB) Normal (40 km.) A only / A only (diversity disabled for both RX and TX) 300 Disabled Bronze, priority disabled default settings Not encrypted Enabled Enabled Disabled

Port Filters

Radio Freq. Radio Power

Radio Timeout Radio Diversity Max. Number of Registered EUMs DHCP Relay Auth. Default GoS Settings (all GoS levels) Broadcast Packets Packet Priority Time Relay Time Client

a. Radio IP is only for when user changes to Routed mode, so that Radio IP does not collide with Ethernet IP

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Appendix C

Surge Protectors

Surge Protectors provide protection from high voltage surges in RF coaxial and Ethernet lines. These protectors are critical components for a high reliability installation. The source of surges usually includes lightning, power line faults and switching, and static discharge. In order to function properly and protect against these surges, the protectors must be installed, grounded and maintained properly, and used within specified limits. This section provides some general guidance for installing surge protectors, both for the RF Coaxial cable and the Ethernet PoE cable. However, the manufacturers data sheet, manufacturers installation instructions, and local and national electrical codes should be consulted and followed if there is any discrepancy between them and the advice provided below.

General Rules
1. Install within 3 (1m) of the entrance to a protected zone (building, shelter or enclosure). 2. Ground bond wires should be short, avoid bends, and have larger amperage ratings than the cable shield. 3. Use a common ground for all surge protectors (AC power mains, network (e.g. Ethernet cables), RF cables, and telecom lines). 4. If a surge protector has a PROTECTED side, orient this side toward the protected equipment (i.e. CCU3100, PoE Injector) and away from the exposed lead-in cable. 5. The antenna tower, mast and/or the antenna itself must have properly grounded lightning protection (i.e. lightning rods).

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Appendix C: Surge Protectors

Location
Protectors should be installed near the entry point of the exposed cable runs. Typical locations for the RF Surge Protector for the CCU3100 would include: 1. The point the RF Coax cable is attached to cable entry panel of the shelter housing the CCU3100. 2. If the CCU3100 is mounted with no shelter, then the RF Surge protector should be mounted as near the CCU3100 antenna port as practical, certainly within 5 feet. 3. Another RF Coax cable protector is highly recommended for the antenna RF Connector, to prevent surges to or from the antenna itself. This is especially true in locations prone to thunderstorms and lightning strikes. Typical locations for the Ethernet Surge Protector for the CCU3100 are near the PoE Power Injector, on the Ethernet line that comes from outside the shelter. If there are no Ethernet cables from the outside, then place the Ethernet Surge Protector between the PoE Injector and the CCU3100. This protects the CCU3100 from surges from the network device providing the internet connection as well as the AC mains. If there is a long Ethernet line that comes from outside the protective shelter, then a second Ethernet surge protector at the far end of the Ethernet line is recommended to protect the far end equipment. If the installation has the PoE Injector at one location (e.g., base of tower) and an external run of Ethernet cable to the CCU3100 (e.g., mounted up the tower near the antenna), then two Ethernet Surge Protectors are recommended, one near each end. Furthermore, shielded outdoor rated Ethernet cable is recommended. Ideally, the external Ethernet cable would be run up a shielded cable guide or pipe as well. Separate surge protection for the AC line entering the shelter or at least before entering the PoE Injector is recommended.

CAUTION: The high energy and current associated with the operation of surge protectors require careful installation and maintenance, in accordance with manufacturers instructions as well as local and national electrical codes.

1. Do not install or repair while there is a threat of thunderstorm activity. 2. Consult a protection professional for a complete protection design, including protection of personnel and all wiring interfaces, and ground system qualification. 3. Follow electrical, grounding, building and lightning protection codes and practices.

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Appendix C: Surge Protectors

Mounting and Grounding

Ground bond conductors should be less than 3ft (1m) feet long. Ground bond conductors should be 2X the area of the coaxial shield, or a minimum of 10 AWG (3.5 mm2).

Other Application Tips

1. Limit the unprotected coaxial lead-in into the protected zone to 3 (1m) to reduce high energy into the protected area. For severe exposure locations, use a bulkhead mount to eliminate this risk. 2. Make sure that the mounting surfaces are clean, dry and fully tightened. 3. If a protector is rigidly mounted, install a strain relief bend for the cables. 4. Allow for access to replaceable components, preferably with access ports oriented downward. 5. Use weatherproof mating connectors. Field terminations may need moisture wrap. 6. Do not install during precipitation, as water can enter un-mated ends. Use o-rings to seal bulkhead connectors. 7. Shield protectors from damage, including cable loading, abuse, corrosion, ice or water. 8. Use copper alloy materials (including brass). (Plated aluminum only for dry indoor locations.)

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Appendix D

Ethernet Cables and Connectors

The CCU3100 Ethernet port is a straight port (MDI), the same as the Ethernet port on a PC or router. A hub, switch, or combined switch/router normally has crossed ports (MDI-X) and may have a straight port (MDI) labeled WAN or Uplink. When connecting directly to a PC or other straight port (MDI) device, use a crossover cable. When connecting to a switch or other crossed port (MDI-X) device, use a straightthrough cable. There will be several Ethernet cables used in installing the CCU3100: CCU3100 Patch Cables: Two 5 foot, straight through Ethernet cables are provided which can be used to connect the CCU3100 to the PoE Injector and the PoE Injector to a switch or router. Cross-over Cable: The Ethernet cable from the DATA port of the PoE Injector directly to a PC must be a cross-over cable. A cross over cable has one end wired according to T568A and the other end according to T568B. Both ends have RJ45 connectors. Straight-Through Cable: Straight-through Ethernet cables have both ends wired according to T568B (or T568A) with RJ45 connectors. Straight-through cables can be used in a number of locations: Between the PoE surge protector and PoE injector. If the 5 foot cables with the CCU3100 are not long enough, other straightthrough Ethernet cables can be used. If the CCU3100 is to be connected to a router or Ethernet Switch that do not provide PoE, then a straight-through Ethernet cable is used to connect the router or switch to the PoE injector. If a router or Ethernet switch are used, then they are connected to a PC by a straight-through Ethernet cable.

The Ethernet cables used between the PoE Injector and the CCU3100 must have all 4 pairs wired as shown in Table 11.

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Appendix D: Ethernet Cables and Connectors

Table 11

Ethernet Interface Specifications Weatherproof RJ-45 Jack 802.3af Compliant Mode B PoE at 48 VDC TIA - T568A

CCU3100 Physical Interface Power over Ethernet Wiring standard Pin - Pair/Wire - Color Pin 1 - 3/a - Green/White Pin 2 - 3/b Pin 3 - 2/a Pin 4 - 1/b Pin 5 - 1/a Pin 6 - 2/b Pin 7 - 4/a Pin 8 - 4/b - Solid Green - Orange/White - Solid Blue - Blue/White - Solid Orange - Brown/White - Solid Brown

TX Data + (Output from CCU3100) TX Data - (Output from CCU3100) RX Data + (Input to CCU3100) DC Power A - PoE compliant* DC Power A - PoE compliant* RX Data - (Input to CCU3100) DC Power B - PoE compliant* DC Power B - PoE compliant*

* The voltage differential between DC Power A and DC Power B must be 48 VDC +/- 10% at the PoE Injector end. Neither should be tied to ground. Typically DC Power A is + 48 VDC and DC Power B is ~0 VDC, but not tied to ground. The following table and figures show the definitions of wiring for T568A and T568B connectors, used to make cross-over and straight-through Ethernet cables as found in ANSI/ TIA/EIA-568-B.2 Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling Components.

Table 12 # 1 2 3

Wiring T568A and T568B ends for Ethernet Cables T568A RJ-45 T568A RJ-45 T568B (Pins in bold are different from T568A) Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 1 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 2 Pin 7 Pin 8 T568B

Description Connectors Wiring standard Pair/Wire - Color 3/a Green/White 3/b Solid Green 2/a - Orange/White 1/b Solid Blue 1/a Blue/White 2/b Solid Orange 4/a Brown/White 4/b Solid Brown Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8

Straight-through Ethernet cables have T568A or T568B wiring at both ends while Cross-over cables have T568A at one end and T568B at the other end.

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Appendix D: Ethernet Cables and Connectors

T568A Wiring Scheme

Pair 2 Orange

Pair 3 Green

Pair 1 Blue

Pair 4 Brown

RJ-45 JACK

Figure 8

T568A Wiring

T568B Wiring Scheme

Pair 3 Green Pair 2 Orange Pair 1 Blue Pair 4 Brown

RJ-45 JACK

Figure 9

T568B Wiring

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