RAJIV SHARMA CLASSES Sound Question (1): What is meant by echo?

What are the conditions necessary for its formation? Question (2): Why do echoes produced in an empty auditorium usually decrease when it is full of audience? Question (3): A boy fires a gun and hears the echo 2 seconds later. If he is 480 m away from a wall, calculate the velocity of sound in air. Question (4): A girl claps and hears the echo after reflection from cliff which is 660 m away. If the velocity of sound is 330 m s-1, calculate the time taken for hearing the echo Question (5): A rifle shot is fired in a valley between two parallel walls. The echo from one wall is heard 3 s later and the echo from the other wall is heard 8.3 s later. If the velocity of sound at 0oC is 330 m s-1 and the temperature in the valley is 10oC. For every 1 oC. Calculate the width of the valley. For every 1 oC rise in temperature the velocity of sound increases by 0.61 m s-1. Question (6): Explain how is the principle of echo used by (a) the bat during its flight at night. (b) the dolphin to locate small fish as its prey. Question (7): Define the terms velocity and wavelength applied to sound wave and state the relation between velocity, frequency and wavelength. Question (8): What is the wavelength of sound waves produced in air by a vibrating tuning fork whose frequency is 256 Hz when the velocity of sound in air is 330 m s-1? Question (9): State the characteristics of a musical note on which its pitch, loudness and quality depend. Question (10): Figure shows a snap shot of a wave form of frequency 50 Hz in a string. The number in the string represent distance in centimeter. For this wave motion, find: (a) wavelength (b) amplitude, and (c) velocity Question (11): Frequency of a wave motion is 250 Hz. What is its time period Question (12): Define frequency. What is the frequency of a wave with a time period of 0.05 seconds? Question (13): A sound wave travelling in air has a wavelength of 1.6x10-2 m. If the velocity of sound is 320 m/s, calculate the frequency of sound. Question (14): Give the physical explanation for the difference between musical sounds and noises. Question (15): Name the musical instruments one in each case, which produces its notes by using the following. In each case state the method used to produce notes of different pitches and loudness. (a) A vibrating string. (b) A vibrating column of air. (c) Vibration of any other body.

Question (16): Give scientific reasons for the following (a) When a nail is hammered into a piece of wood the noise of hammering appears to get higher and higher in pitch. (b) Marching soldiers are commanded to break steps when they are crossing a long bridge. (c) Windows sometimes rattle when the low notes of a pipe organ are sounded. Question (17): The wavelength and velocity of red light is 7000 and 3x108m/s respectively. Calculate its frequency and time period. Question (18): Sound made in front of a tall building 18 m away, is repeated. Name the phenomenon and briefly explain it. Question (19): An observer stands at a distance of 850 m from a cliff and fires a gun. After what time gap will he hear the echo, if sound travels at a speed of 350 m s-1 in airQuestion (20): (a) A vibrating tuning fork is placed over the mouth of a burette with water. The tap is opened and the water level gradually falls. It is observed that the sound becomes the loudest for a particular length of air column. (i) What is the name of the phenomenon taking place when this happens. (ii) Why does the sound become the loudest. (iii) What is the name of the phenomenon taking place when sound is produced for another length of air column and is not the loudest. (b) What change if any would you expect in the characteristics of a musical sound when we increase (i) frequency (ii) amplitude Question (21): Calculate a) the wavelength b) the time period of a tuning fork of frequency 512 Hz which is set to vibrate. Velocity of sound in air is 320 m/s. Question (22): Sound waves travel with a speed of 330 m/s. What is the wavelength of sound, whose frequency is 550 Hz? Question (23): Derive a relation between wave-velocity, frequency and wavelength. Question (24): Radio waves of speed 3 108 m s-1 are reflected off the moon and received back on earth. The time elapsed between the sending of the signal and receiving it back at the earth station is 2.5 s. What is the distance of the moon from the earth? Question (25): (a) A sound wave of wave length 0.332 m has a time period of 10-3 s. If the time period is decreased to 10-4 s. Calculate the wave length and frequency of the new wave. (b) Name the subjective property of sound related to its frequency and of light related to its wavelength. Question (26): (a) State two characteristics of wave motion. (b) What is the relation between frequency, wavelength and speed of a wave Question (27): A longitudinal wave of wavelength 1 cm travels in air with a speed of 330 ms-1. Calculate the frequency of the wave. Can this wave be heard by a normal human being?

. Question (28): A person standing between two vertical cliffs and 640 m away from the nearest cliff shouted. He heard the 1st echo after 4 seconds and the second echo 3 seconds later. Calculate (i) the velocity of sound in air and (ii) the distance between the cliff. Question (29): A ship on the surface of water sends a signal and receives it back after 4 seconds from a submarine inside the water. Calculate the distance of the submarine from the ship (The speed of sound in water is 1450 m s-1). Question (30): A man fires a gun and hears its echo after 5 seconds. The man then moves 310 m towards the hill and fires his gun again. This time he hears the echo after 3 seconds. Calculate the speed of sound. Question (32): Give the range of frequencies of infrasonic, audible and ultrasonic and mention one use of each of them. Question (33): State the unit of loudness. Give the value for a soothing sound and unbearable sound. Question (34): Echo is not heard in a small room. Explain. Question (35): What types of waves are produced when (1) Bell rings in air, (2) The string of a guitar is plucked, (3) By a vibrating tuning fork?