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Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. Microsoft, Windows, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/390, OS/400, iSeries, pSeries, xSeries, zSeries, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli, and Informix are trademarks or registered trademarks of IBM Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation. UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1, and Motif are registered trademarks of the Open Group. Citrix, ICA, Program Neighborhood, MetaFrame, WinFrame, VideoFrame, and MultiWin are trademarks or registered trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. HTML, XML, XHTML and W3C are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C, World Wide Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. JavaScript is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape. MaxDB is a trademark of MySQL AB, Sweden. SAP, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com, xApps, xApp, SAP NetWeaver and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries all over the world. All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. National product specifications may vary.
The information in this document is proprietary to SAP. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express prior written permission of SAP AG. This document is a preliminary version and not subject to your license agreement or any other agreement with SAP. This document contains only intended strategies, developments, and functionalities of the SAP product and is not intended to be binding upon SAP to any particular course of business, product strategy, and/or development. Please note that this document is subject to change and may be changed by SAP at any time without notice. SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document. SAP does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics, links, or other items contained within this material. This document is provided without a warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. SAP shall have no liability for damages of any kind including without limitation direct, special, indirect, or consequential damages that may result from the use of these materials. This limitation shall not apply in cases of intent or gross negligence. The statutory liability for personal injury and defective products is not affected. SAP has no control over the information that you may access through the use of hot links contained in these materials and does not endorse your use of third-party Web pages nor provide any warranty whatsoever relating to third-party Web pages.
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SAP NetWeaver is depoyed along IT practices, according to specific business objectives. One of those practices is Business Information Management. For organizations to manage the business information needs, they typically require three things: 1. Enterprise data warehousing 2. Enterprise reporting, query and analysis 3. A framework for business planning
In this lesson and throughout the coming units, we deal with the first aspect: Enterprise Data Warehousing
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Why Enterprise Data Warehousing? One of the major challenges Business Intelligence (BI) customers face today is the integration of different source systems in one Enterprise Data Warehouse landscape. Not only different heterogeneous technical platforms must be interfaced, but also different master and transaction data semantics must be consolidated. In addition, an Enterprise Data Warehouse must provide flexible structures and layers in order to adapt quickly to new business challenges (such as changed objectives, mergers, acquisitions etc) Beyond these designtime aspects, Enterprise Data Warehousing should facilitate the administration and monitoring of all processes (such as load processes, distribution of data etc) and proactively help with handling possible performance issues especially regarding increasingly sophisticated data volume requirements.
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There are two scenario variants: Modeling the Enterprise Data Warehouse Describes processes like data modeling, data acqusiition, data cleansing/transformation, data distribution and meta data and document management. This process variant requires BI usage type.
Running the Enterprise Data Warehouse Describes processes like controlling the data flow, administration and monitoring, performance optimization (including BI accelerator), information lifecycle management and user management (authorizations). This process variant requires BI and EP usage type.
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Data Modeling Involves modeling / re-modeling (*) data warehouse layers Data Acquisition: Accessing and Integrating information from heterogeneous data sources Connectivity is made to virtually all data sources (enhanced data source concept) (*) Transformation Flexible Transformation capabilities (enhanced *) Data Distribution Open Hub Service Meta Data & Document Management Meta data integration from and to other SAP BI data marts Generation of documentation Sophisticated search functionality in conjunction with KM searching technology
(*) = New for SAP NetWeaver 2004s
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Data Flow Control Defining the Data Transfer Process (*) Setting up process chains (enhanced *) Real-time data acquisition (*)
Administration and Monitoring Administration Cockpit (*) Data Quality
Performance Optimization BI Accelerator: Speeding up BI query performance by orders of magnitude (*) Aggregate Definition and Maintenance Caching DB Tool Support (statistics, indices etc)
Information Lifecycle Management Near-Line storage (*) and archiving User Management Standard authorizations for warehouse modeling and administration
Analysis authorizations (for end users) (revised *) (*) = New for SAP NetWeaver 2004s
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Now the InfoPackage only can load data from Source System to PSA - without any transformation From there onwards a Data Transfer Process handles data distribution within SAP NetWeaver BI. Features and benefits of this approach are Loading data from one (persistent) layer to others Separation of delta mechanism for different data targets Enhanced filtering in dataflow Improved transparency of staging processes across data warehouse layers (PSA, DWH layer, ODS layer, Architected Data Marts) Improved performance: optimized parallelization Enhanced error handling for DataStore object (error stack) Repair mode based on temporary data storage
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Reporting Agent functionality has moved to Information Broadcasting and for this see the scenario Enterprise Query, Reporting and Analysis Note: The Old Admin Workbench is still available via transaction RSA1OLD
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SAP Service Marketplace alias /bi Documentation Changed Terminology for SAP NetWeaver 2004s BI
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In the 0RGHOLQJ and $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ functional areas you can display the navigation area and, if applicable, the corresponding object tree in the left-hand area of the screen when you call applications. This means that you can use the tree to start new applications, without leaving the application you are in.
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In addition to new SAP NetWeaver 2004s technology, the SAP BW 3.x objects are still available and supported InfoSource DataSource Transformation / Update Rules etc.
SAP BW 3.x objects are marked with a small square
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The DataSources tree replaces PSA tree. PSA maintenance is integrated in DataSources tree Via context menu Manage or Via DataSource Maintenance PSA The DataSource tree is shown for a particular source system
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In Favorites any kind of object (including application areas) can be included Via Drag & Drop or via button Add to Favorites
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You can hide navigation panes after navigation and / or hide the tree after navigation. A separate pushbutton allows for the hiding or showing of the navigator (see next slide).
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Additional Features
Browser-like navigation is available. Last Navigation step is stored and will be used as initial view for next login Hide empty tree folders icon: you can choose to hide or show application components and InfoAreas that do not have lower-level BI objects When in a detail screen you can access options to hide/show the navigator and to show/hide the tree display
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Now one can see the data flow expansion in one view from the object to the source. This also features components of MultiProviders, InfoSets, InfoObjects, Aggregation Levels etc.
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This also applies to lower level objects where from the DataSource one sees below it the data flow upwards to the InfoProvider
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For each object that you select in the dataflow of a particular tree, you can choose a pushbutton to jump to the tree that contains the object. For example, in the InfoProvider tree, you can select a DataSource and jump straight to the corresponding position in the DataSource tree. The system displays the DataSource and its dataflow.
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Editing an InfoCube now resembles the maintenance dialog that will be familiar from 3.x ODS Objects (NW 2004s: DataStore Objects). The user interfaces for maintaining InfoCubes, DataStore objects, MultiProviders, and InfoObject Catalogs have been standardized for SAP NetWeaver 2004s. The screen is divided; the InfoObjects that can be transferred are displayed in a tree structure in the left-hand area of the screen and can be transferred to the right-hand area of the screen using drag and drop.
You access object maintenance as before in the 0RGHOLQJ area of the Data Warehousing Workbench.
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Key Figure Hierarchies within InfoCubes and DataStore Objects can also be used in Query Design
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A quick search within the tree is offered. The search function in the 0RGHOLQJ functional area allows you to search the object categories and object types for objects that contain a particular character string. The system displays the objects found, along with their dataflow.
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There is a generic search as seen in the navigation pane. This allows, for example, global (ie Source System independent) DataSource search.
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The DataStore object with SAP NetWeaver 2004s BI is the successor object of the former ODSObject. The major enhancement is that there are various types to define the DataStore Object: Standard type with known tables (Active, Change Log and Activation table); Direct update with only the active table usable for analysis processes (Analysis Process Designer); Write optimized with only the active table usable as EDW layer or for large amounts of records.
Also there are some more technical enhancements: No join with Request SID table is necessary the surrogate ID remains within the activation queue instead of a GUID creation for the generated key Former releases did not allow a rollback in parallel the DataStore object allows for processing of an activation of data packages in parallel for every task There is a new monitor concept for administrative purposes Also there is a new concept for runtime parameters.
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The DataStore navigation with its context sensitive menu is enlarged to provide more functionality In the same way as the InfoCube all basic functions are available at first: Display Change Copy Delete
To Copy an InfoCube is not necessary to use an InfoCube as template anymore. Also here there is a direct access from the context menu to display the data (via listcube functionality) without walking through the administrative monitor. Create Transformations is the way to perform the EDW modeling more detail about this in a later unit. Additional functions are available for Create update rules as in versions 3.x, Create Export DataSources as in versions 3.x and To maintain classic InfoSets.
New settings within SAP Netweaver 2004s BI: Whenever there is no data loaded into the DataStore object the type of this object can be switched (e.g. from standard to direct update or write-optimized).
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The generation of the SID values has the same meaning as BEx reporting on this DataStore Object.

Below the nodes of key fields there is the list of inserted keys for this DataStore object. Below the node of the data fields there is the list of inserted data fields nothing has changed here. Navigational attributes may be marked within the appropriate list. Indexes may be maintained for the DataStore object.
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Here we can see an overview of the various DataStore object types
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Detailed information about the standard DataStore object: The activation process is enhanced technically Instead of a key field request GUID there is a key field request SID (domain RSSID) used within the activation queue Because of this structure change there is no expensive join to the request SID table necessary Also there is a package fetch used instead of a single dataset fetch during the activation process (in addition to that there is only one loop over the activation loop implemented now; for restarting there is no further loop necessary because the packages are stored temporarily in cluster tables).
The rollback of data packages is implemented in a different way: instead of rolling back in serial and in one transaction the rollback now is in parallel and for each data package there is a single task.
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Structure for the DataStore object: Activation Queue It is used to store the data to be updated into the DataStore object which has not been activated, Shortly after the activation the data is deleted. The following key fields are defined technically: - Request surrogate ID - Package ID - Record number Semantically key fields are defined within the DataStore Object definition The active data table has the same structure as the DataStore Object definition Technical, semantic key fields and data fields are specified during activation
The Active table stores all active data (also called A-Table) The Change Log table stores all historical changes for Delta mechanism from the (actual) DataStore object into other InfoProvider The following key fields are defined technically: - Request GUID - Package ID - Record number
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The activation process features the following:
Single scan on activation queue for all parallel activation processes
Packages are stored in cluster no scan necessary at restart
Activation queue contains Request SID (instead of GUID) no join with request SID necessary
Package fetch instead of single selects
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Possible scenarios for usage are: Enterprise Datawarehouse inbound layer in a multi layer architecture Where fast load is essential e.g. multiple loads per day or short source system access times (world wide system landscape) Very detailed information e.g. on document item level the DataStore object can have 16 key fields (if you want to have more you need to use concatenated key fields) and 749 data fields altogether a width of 1962 Bytes Data storage layer before transformations in a loading process over multiple layers or different application information In general large amount of data records For the accounting model in a specific business model Load of new records:
- When every new record has a new key - When there is no update of the key combination business wise - E.g. for receipts
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Detailed information about the write-optimized DataStore Object Definitions: The data is stored simply in one version Only one table exists: the active table with key and data fields of its definition. There is no change log table delta capabilities are not needed - To access most recent data use a date field in the DataStore object definition. There is no SID generation during load BEx-Reporting is switched off It can be used for transformation upload scenarios. Also it is possible to extract data. There is direct reporting on this object possible without activation - also e.g. you can use an InfoSet to join the active table Also it is possible to include this object into a MultiProvider The Uniqueness of the data can be switched off with a check box Definition: This indicator is only relevant for write-optimized DataStore objects. The technical key for these objects in the active table always consists of the fields 5HTXHVW, 'DWD 3DFNDJH and 'DWD 5HFRUG. The InfoObjects that appear in the maintenance dialog in the folder .H\ )LHOGV from the semantic key of the write-optimized DataStore object. If this indicator is set, a unique index with the technical name "KEY" is generated for the InfoObjects in the semantic key. If this indicator is not set, the active table of the DataStore object could contain several records with the same key.
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Detailed information about the DataStore object for direct update Definitions: The data is stored simply in one version Only one table exists: the active table with key and data fields of its definition. The DataStore Object for direct update can be used for analysis processes eg with the Analysis Process Designer (APD). It cannot be used for transformation upload scenarios there is no loading into the DataStore object for direct update within BI. But: it is possible to extract data. There is no direct reporting on this object possible yet - instead e.g. use an InfoSet to join the active table Also it is not possible to include this object into a MultiProvider The DataStore object for direct update can be used for transactional data The DataStore object for direct update is perfect for using it for external data There is an API available with various function modules: - (Obsolete from ODS-Objects: BAPI BAPI_ODSO_READ_DATA) - BAPI BAPI_ODSO_READ_DATA_UC - RSDRI_ODSO_INSERT - RSDRI_ODSO_INSERT_RFC - RSDRI_ODSO_MODIFY - RSDRI_ODSO_MODIFY_RFC - RSDRI_ODSO_UPDATE - RSDRI_ODSO_UPDATE_RFC - RSDRI_ODSO_DELETE_RFC
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There is a new monitor concept installed for the DataStore Object administration: Load monitor like the earlier Monitor Logs for DSO-Request Processing
There are also some functional constraints for things which do not work at the same time. Also there are some runtime parameters which are called within a new transaction. Some performance hints help to optimize read- and loading time. The frames Contents and Reconstruction have not changed. A new feature is the Archiving frame to archive the DataStore Object contents.
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The log information can be called with the new transaction 562'62B6+2:/2*. Different entry points are possible via the transaction: Activation of data Loading data Delete data Rollback of data All operations
All operations are also displayed when clicking on the icon within the DSO administration Manage view. For each operation there is detailed information.
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DataStore object runtime parameters are either called with the new transaction RSODSO_SETTINGS or Following runtime parameters can be set for each DataStore Object: Edit object specific values Restore standard values STD Transport changes Each DataStore Object has its parameters for
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The administration points in the slide above should be noted for optimum performnce
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The DataStore Object is a very powerful Enterprise Datawarehouse object. For every purpose there is its specific definition: Reporting SID generation for DataStore Objects to make the content available for query definitions or to include the object into a MultiProvider
Transactional or planning data DataStore Object with direct update Inbound layer object DataStore Object write-optimized EDW layer object Either reporting relevant or for staging purposes - for each area of interest different DataStore Objects are possible to use
Beside the purpose of its usage there are various performance hints to inprove loading and reading time Further information regarding terminology changes may be found via SAP Service Marketplace alias /bi Documentation SAP NetWeaver 2004s BI: Changed Terminology
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Overview of InfoSets with SAP Netweaver 2004s BI: InfoSet as InfoProvider There is no physical data storage on InfoSets a semantic view of DataStore objects, InfoObjects and InfoCubes that allows you to create reports on these objects, particularly on the joins between these objects. There is a new transaction available: RSISET
Some more new functionality enhances the object: InfoCubes are possible for joins Time dependencies can be defined for DataStore Objects and InfoCubes to treat these objects in a way as time dependent attributes. Some additional functions are enhanced within the InfoSet Builder
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The InfoSet navigation within the Enterprise Data Warehousing Workbench with its context sensitive menu is enlarged to provide more functionality In the same way as the InfoCube all basic functions are available: Display Change Copy Delete

From the context menu it is possible now to view the data flow into the InfoSet object. The ADJUST functionality appears automatically if a used InfoProvider within the InfoSet has changed.
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Especially for graphic modeling as we have with InfoSets it is worth hiding the navigation bar and the InfoProvider tree display. When starting the first time (for each user) of the InfoSet maintenance the user is asked wheather the display is graphical or hierarchical this setting can be switched any time with the menu settings. As with InfoCubes and DataStore objects here you can select further InfoProviders within the left frame to join them into the InfoSet.
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The context menu is different -either for the object which has started the InfoSet the joining object (e.g. an InfoCube which has to be first anyway) or the joined object (e.g. a master data InfoObject). There are two new major functionalities: InfoCubes are able to join; Time dependencies for time dependent attributes or time dependent InfoCube values.
The InfoCube data can be set for its current state of uploaded data e.g. the last rolled up data into an aggregate (and not just loaded with a green traffic light). Definition of time dependency is possible either with a period and fixed dates valid from and valid until or a time interval e.g. 0CALMONTH. Also now it is possible to add filter values to a left outer join this setting has to be done within the global properties.
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The more InfoCubes within an InfoSet the larger the SQL statement becomes there are restrictions to the length of it (64kb). Unlike the star schema of an InfoCube where the access plans for the data base are limited within an InfoSet with more InfoCubes or a join with a DataStore Object there are multiple big tables where no database access plan can be generated. If there are not all joined characteristics within the query result the key figures are multiplied for more InfoCubes this becomes more sophisticated.
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Example / Scenario A sales manager is assigned to a sales district; as the manager can change, this attribute is designed as time-dependent. Temporal Join combines InfoCube data with time-dependent master data and joins the time dimension to the validity period. Note: see the delta training lesson on BEx Query Designer for more information on joining time-dependent KLHUDUFKLHV.
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Temporal Join Definition: Contains at least one time-dependent characteristic Based on time intervals of two objects
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Join results would be such as the above. But be aware of join result interpretations. Also see notes 583249 and 592785
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You have the following remodeling options: For characteristics:
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Which job do you want to start the check programs for? Jobname is a grouping of check programs eg object status checks. Also for which system are they to be run?
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Check categories mean different check programs. For details of what the check programs are doing please refer to the appendix
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In this example this web template answers the question Which objects are available to a particular role?
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At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to:

Create a DataStore Object
The ODS Object played an important role in former versions of BI Warehouse Management. This has been succeeded by a compatible but superior object type DataStore Object in SAP NW 2004s. You will observe similarities and differences between the two objects while creating a DataStore Object. You will use the DataStore Object you create here within a later exercise.
1RWH ,Q WKH LQVWUXFWLRQV EHORZ UHSODFH ;; ZLWK WKH JURXS QXPEHU JLYHQ E\ WKH LQVWUXFWRU 1-1 Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the InfoProvider tree. Create a new DataStore Object within the InfoArea 7B'%:( which is under 7B%:B&867 (under 7B%:). The DataStore Object should be named 6LQJOH )OLJKW %RRNLQJV ;; with the technical name =6%.'6;; and copied from existing DataStore Object =6%.B'6. It should be a Standard type of DataStore Object. Have a look at the structure of the DataStore Object, including the settings, which you will leave unchanged. Check, Save and Activate the DataStore Object. Then find it in the InfoProvider Tree.
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On right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW Specify DataStore Object: =6%.'6;; Description: 6LQJOH )OLJKW %RRNLQJV ;; Copy From: =6%.B'6 Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your (GLW 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW screen is in fullscreen mode Press &UHDWH ) The pop-up window (GLW 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW appears
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Look at the structure, make no changes, then press $FWLYDWH
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We are looking here at Data Acquisition within the context of Modeling the EDW. Here we see the conceptual layers of data warehousing. DataSources are provided to realize connectivity from any source for our data warehousing solution. The connection is made from the outside world to the PSA. The PSA is a must have part for the DataSource design.
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The entire architecture overview for this layer is above. There are a number of categories of source systems. The legaacy applications accessed via BAPI using ETL tools are not available for the SAP NW 2004s DataSources.
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This slide brings together all the highlights of what is new inside the SAP NW 2004s DataSources.Direct/remote access was available previously for only UDCONNECT and not eg DBCONNECT DataSources. Now DBCONNECT can be used in this way. Preview offers a first check on accessibility and a look at the incoming data. No InfoPackage will be able to directly populate the DataStore Object layer or the InfoCubes for example. Therefore we have a new transformation concept (to replace transfer rules/update rules we do not have to decide between these two). Also there is a new Data Transfer Process to design and improve the dataflow.
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In the Source System tree in the Data Warehousing Workbench there is a categorisation of the DataSources that is clearly visible.
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In this tree the highlighted button would enable us to see only those folders where there are DataSources defined.
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All types of DataSources will be defined in this way - a one-fits-all approach. Data Reconciliation is an information flag, ie that the DataSource is used for reconciliation purposes. (There is a How-to paper in SAP Service Marketplace with more information on using DataSources for reconciliation).
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In the 3.x world, you had to define InfoSources to bring data to the InfoCube, and everything was ruled by an InfoPackage running at run-time that could be scheduled, with optional involvement of the PSA. Optionally, process chains could be used for the scheduling.
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Data Flow Control of SAP NW 2004s is covered in a later unit. Highlights are The Source System is still outside BI The DataSource is physically represented by a PSA table. This is generated together with a DataSource. On top we have the transformation which brings data from the PSA area to any kind of target (an InfoCube in this case). At designtime we mainly model the DataSource and the transformation. But additionally we see that the runtime must be modeled as well. We need an InfoPackage that is now only capable of bringing data from the external source to the DataSource/PSA level. The InfoPackage only can load data from Source System to PSA without any transformation From here a separate Data Transfer Process defines which way the data flows into the target areas. The DTP says by which transformation the data has to be passed into a certain target. Every path from persistent source to target is a Data Transfer Process. The key benefits are that we have improved transparency of the staging process across data warehouse layers. We have improved performance here via an optimized parallelization of the data processing. We have with the DTP new error-handling capabilities and we can also enable near-real-time staging scenarios (More on this in a later unit). All of these InfoPackages/Data Transfer Processes should be included into a process chain to automate the loading process. Now process chains are more important. They are manadatory in that we must bring two things together the InfoPackage and the Data Transfer Process. The InfoPackage is always PSA Only working with the new DataSource. A DTP is necessary to finalize your load process and to bring the data into a real operable target object like the InfoCube in this example..
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In some cases it is also an option to simplify this data flow concept. So a DataSource / PSA table is not always mandatory. In some scenarios it does not make sense eg master data. Normally master data is not mass data. In this case we do not have the possibility to package the data. Only full extraction mode is possible. Process chains would be optional here, although ususal.
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Via DB Connect / UD Connect we can reach any relational source on a standard platform. DB Connect still goes againsty the paltforms ported for the SAP NetWeaver Basis. UD Connect gives accessiblity to any kind of multidimensional sources
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A real integration scenario is thus possible now with DB Connect, in terms of remote access (direct access) against transactional DQG master data.
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We go via a database table adapter type, and here we see the most important parameters to bring up the connection.
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Under Extraction we see the adapter type Database table and via this adapter we can examine tables or views on the database. In this case all tables or views for which the database user Rudi has authority can be chosen as an entry.
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In designtime you get a proposal, which gives metadata information of the table or view against which you are connected. You will see the database field names, internal/external data types to be mapped.The system will make a proposal for automatic data type conversions. This then can be reworked via the designer. Finally you copy the proposal into the field list.
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In the field list you can come up with template InfoObjects to offer different data types/lengths etc. Finally you decide the structure of your DataSource and which InfoObjects should be involved. The InfoObject is not mandatory here. This is a kind of modeling where you normally work with normal data types/descriptions
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During designtime after activation of the DataSource the Preview feature will be able to bring up the external data. This is the first look at it, and thus here at designtime you can check your technical conversions, by looking at, say, the first twenty data records. It is a spot test for data quality eg are all the order dates in the same format?
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The umbrella over UDC is UDI (Universal Data Integration). UDC is the implementation object of UDI in the BI area. We are working with industry standards.
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An entire overview of UDI with everything in the SAP NW environment here J2EE server is involved. UDI is mainly part of the Java stack. We see several types of connectosr: JDBC Connector can run against non-SAP relational DataSources ODBO Connector can run against non-SAP multidimensional source systems XMLA Connector can run against non-SAP multidimensional source systems as well or against another BI system SAP Query Connector is designed to run against SAP source systems only this has a proprietary format, based on the SAP Query standards.
All these cannectors can help to do data acquisition handing over data to BI which hands it over to the data warehouse layer or to virtual InfoProviders as well. The BI Java SDK can help you to build your own applications within SAP NW against all these DataSources, based on the same UDI Connector types to run your own applications in a BI portal for example.
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If we want to create a Source System in BI that goes via this Java stack, we must specify the RFC destination first, and save against the J2EE engine. The J2EE server has a logical system name. Specify the JDBC type, and give it a name. Then the source system name is very important (JNDI Name) because this will point to the source from where we want to get the data.
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What is behind the JNDI Source System name? This is something already configured on the J2EE engine. To run this scenario, you must define the connector types on your J2EE engine. The connector configuration information here shows the detailed configuration properties JDBC driver, user, ip address, database name etc
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In the BI DataSource definition in Modeling see the new adapter type (UDC for binary transfer). The UDC source object can be chosen now. Note the tables/views the BWALEREMOTE user owns on the system.
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After generation we see via this adapter type the same designtime features as for DB Connect. In this case the Source system is specified on the J2EE server. We see under Source System cell the RFC destination of the J2EE engine. NB some steps must be done on the J2EE server in the visual administrator of the J2EE engine. (This is described in a How-To paper on SAP Service Marketplace).
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Also Direct Access will be an option data need not be available persistently in BI.
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This is similar to the specifications required in BW 3.x
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Example data can be loaded directly. We can get the field names from the header row. Data type / date format detection eg here FLDATE we can see it is an external format and a conversion routine is thus proposed by the system.
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Here we can assign the right types and lengths, and choose between external / internal formats. We find the quantity and unit fields here in the right compounding. The system here found that WUNIT is the right unit for LUGGWEIGHT.
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Here we can read preview data and see that the data has been converted in the right way. The field compundings, eg for currency keys, have been detected in the right way. Design process for the DataSource will be finalised here. Based on that you can model your transformations and data transfer processes.
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The BI Service API will be described in the following slides.
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We will consider how the classic DataSources available via Plug-in on the ERP side look now under the DataSource concept of SAP NW 2004s BI. If you implement SAP NW 2004s BI and replicate DataSources from the SAP ERP world into this environment or if you upgrade from 3.x then you will find the 3.x DataSources marked with a little square.
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The system will show these classic 3.x DataSources in the same way. It is an emulated view on those DataSources. Note the three tabstrips offered.
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Under the Extraction tabstrip there are the many known delta processes offered - no changes here.
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Consider the Adapter type name shown. Note that Real-Time Data Acquisition is not supported here. For that we would need another type of DataSource. Synchronous Extraction SAPI is possible here ie classic Remote Cube handling would be possible.
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Under the Fields tabstrip we find the entire description of this DataSource in the same way.
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This is an overview of examples of DataSource lifecycles. A migration would be possible for the BW 3.x DataSource. You can undo the migration. But you have to decide on one way. XOR means a DataSource in SAP NW 2004s BI can either look like a SAP NW 2004s DataSource, or like a 3.x DataSource but ERWK is not possible. If you do an additional replication of your 3.5 DataSource from OLTP to SAP NW 2004s BI, then this additional replication will definitely lead you into a SAP NW 2004s (7.0) DataSource after the replication. A third possibility is that if you have your own DataSources not yet activated in the OLTP system, (customer-owned or another BCT DataSource in D version) when you replicate into a SAP NW 2004s environment the system must decide which way to go or will offer a dialog for a selection.
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This is the most important information comparing the two concepts. Only one format is allowed. If we replicate data a decision must be taken. Note the restrictions on the slide.
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BCT DataSource remote activation is possible. Note the role / authorization.
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Internally when deciding which way to go in many cases the system can decide. If not possible, a dialog will appear
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Many things have changed in Web Services. XML formats are coming up increasingly. Especially the SAP PI (Process Integrator) is an example which delivers XML data formats.
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We stay with the PSA technique here, not in the delta queue as in 3.5. InfoPackage is thus mandatory known as Push-package. The incoming XML format will be transformed into ABAP format.
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This is the main part of the Web Service Adapter. We find the adapter type Web Service Push. Two objects are generated the function module and the web service object. Both are generated after the definition of the structure
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Here we see the field list. To design the structure of your Web Service DataSource you would start with your InfoObject templates, and then find field description and properties. So just define your structure via a list of InfoObjects, bring it in here, generate the structure and you will get the function module and web service as seen on previous slide
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Having defined your Web Service DataSource, and activated it you can navigate into the Web Service Administration and find this test tool. There is an input dialog so you can type in data and directly send it into your PSA table which has also been generated for your Web Service. This is an easy way to bring data in manually to the BI environment
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Here we see both worlds in one view. In SAP NW 2004s BI on left is a 3.x inbound adapter involving an InfoSource. On the right we have a leaner solution. The inbound adapter could be a Web Service, Real-time Data Acquisition, Direct Access, Data Transfer Process, Direct Load or InfoPackage load into the PSA. The PSA is directly linked to the DataSource (whenever you activate a DataSource you normally get the generation of a PSA table). Based on the DataSource you then have a transformation, and a Data Transfer Process
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If you upgrade 3.x -> SAP NW 2004s you see everythng as we see on left hand side. If you want to migrate your 3.x DataSource into a SAP NW 2004s BI DataSource, then use the inbound adapter functionality which will mean losing your DataSource, Transfer Rules and PSA. Bear this in mind if there is complicated logic within your transfer rules. You will need to migrate this earlier into a transformation. Then you can do the DataSource migration. This will mean a new PSA table will be generated. There should not be data in your PSA table when you do the migration, as it will be lost.
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Another option is the emulation of a 3.x DataSource. This means you not only will get an emulated view on the 3.x DataSource via the user interface. Emulation in the data flow design will mean that a transformation and a data transfer process can also be based on a classic 3.x DataSource and its PSA table / transfer rule mechanism.
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This is how it appears in the system. Here a generic DataSource replicated from R/3 into SAP NW 2004s is marked with the square symbol. In the context menu, you will see that migration is offered here. Also InfoPackage and Transfer Rules can be created. And also a transformation can be created. So a transformation can be created with Data Transfer Processes on top of this DataSource if you want. But you can also go for the 3.x approach as well. If you go for migration the following slides will show the options
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In this case case after migration the DataSource will get the new icon without the square. If you look in the context menu there is only an option to Create Transformation and Create InfoPackage. A back migration is possible but this has to be chosen from the transaction RSDA.
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After migration the adapter type for this DataSource will be Access to SAP Data through Service API. Alternatively it is possible to choose Synchronous Extraction SAPI (for Virtual Cubes and Tests) .
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The source fields will appear in the same way after migration.
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For the adapter type Synchronous Extraction SAPI (for Virtual Cubes and Tests) it is also possible to look at the data directly via the Preview tabstrip.
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Hear we see the normal Read Preview Data option via the Preview tabstrip.
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Note the processing option for an InfoPackage designed for a new BI DataSource type. In this case we find Only PSA as the only option available here. So in the new Data Flow concept InfoPackages just bring data from the Source System into the PSA. From here DTPs have to bring data to the targets via the dedicated transformations.
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1RWH ,Q WKH LQVWUXFWLRQV EHORZ UHSODFH ;; ZLWK WKH JURXS QXPEHU JLYHQ E\ WKH LQVWUXFWRU 1-1 Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Via the DB Connect context menu locate the source system with logical system name =066B and source system name ,'' 066 1: *URXS 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-1-3 1-1-4 1-1-5 1-1-6 From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ
Click on 6RXUFH 6\VWHPV in the Navigator on the left-hand side
If you get a pop-up message about documentation select the check box to not show the question again and press <HV Click on the +LGH6KRZ (PSW\ )ROGHUV icon so that all possible source systems groupings are visible Highlight '% &RQQHFW and on right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH Specify Logical System Name: =066B;;, Source System Name: ,'' 066 1: *URXS ;;, Type and Release: (blank)
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Via the context menu of the new system check the connection. You should get a message confirming the connection is OK. Then open the data source tree list via the context menu. 1-2-1 Highlight the source system ,'' 066 1: *URXS within the '% &RQQHFW grouping. On right-hand mouse context menu choose &KHFN. The message should appear Source system connection ZMSS_00 OK . On right-hand mouse context menu choose 'LVSOD\ 'DWD6RXUFH 7UHH. The list of DataSources should appear.
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Create a new DataSource within the application component =7B'%:( which is found under =%:B75$,1,1*. The DataSource should be called =066B'6B;; and be of type 7UDQVDFWLRQ GDWD. 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-3-3 1-3-4 1-3-5 Expand the node =%:B75$,1,1* Highlight the application component =7B'%:( On context menu choose &UHDWH 'DWD6RXUFH Specify DataSource: =066B'6B;;, Source System: =066B, Data Type DataSource: 7UDQVDFWLRQ 'DWD. Press 7UDQVIHU (QWHU
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Select a full screen view by hiding the navigator. In the DataSource definition specify descriptions of 1: ,QYRLFHV ;;. In the Extraction tabstrip choose to select '% 9LHZV and the DB object 58',192,&(6. 1-4-1 1-4-2 1-4-3 1-4-4 1-4-5 Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your DataSource screen is in fullscreen mode Under tabstrip *HQHUDO ,QIR specify short, medium and long descriptions of 1: ,QYRLFHV ;;. Under tabstrip ([WUDFWLRQ click on the Table/View cell. Press the selector (F4 function key). Select Tables: 1R (uncheck the box), Select Views: <HV (check the box). Press ([HFXWH. In the list that appears, select 58',192,&(6 by double-click
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View the list of fields in the Proposal tabstrip. Here we could bring in adjustments of the DataSource structure. No additional changes are necessary for this exercise. Just 6DYH and $FWLYDWH the DataSource. Then go to the Preview and have a quick look at the data . 1-5-1 1-5-2 1-5-3 1-5-4 1-5-5 1-5-6 Under tabstrip 3URSRVDO, view the list of fields and their settings. Press 6DYH. Press $FWLYDWH. Under tabstrip 3UHYLHZ select 5HDG 3UHYLHZ 'DWD. A list of data records with order data should appear. Keep pressing ([LW until you return to the SAP Easy Access menu
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At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to: Create a new DataSource for Source System type FILE
You need to familiarize yourself with the new DataSource creation process and in particular for File Source Systems.
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Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Expand the )LOH grouping, and select source system ,B(;7(51. Open the DataSource tree list via the context menu. Create a new DataSource within the application component =7B),/(B'6 which is found under =7B'%:( within =%:B75$,1,1*. The DataSource should be called =),B'6B;; and be of type 7UDQVDFWLRQ GDWD. Select a full screen view by hiding the navigator. In the DataSource definition specify descriptions of )OLJKW 'DWD )LOH ;;. In the Extraction tabstrip choose the Adapter type /RDG 7H[W7\SH )LOH IURP $SSOLFDWLRQ 6HUYHU and select file GVDJFVY from ',5B75$16 ! 7UDLQLQJ ! &69 Complete the Extraction screen by choosing Header rows to be ignored as Data Format Data Separator as a semi-colon () Thousands Separator as period () Decimal Point Separator as comma () View the proposal data and fields under the Proposal tabstrip by selecting to load example data. In particular, look at the dates (field FLDATE) on the first few data records. In the Fields tabstrip ensure the proposals are copied into the field list. In here make a change to the field CARRID to make it data type &+$5. Also note the settings for the field FLDATE, in particular the field length and the required output field length (External Length). Then Save and Activate the DataSource.
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View the preview data in the Preview tabstrip to see how the data will appear in BW. In particular, examine the data in the column FLDATE and consider if this is correctly interpreted? Make corrections under the Fields tabstrip, by setting the output (External) length to 10, reactivate the DataSource and then review the data under the Preview tabstrip. .
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Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Expand the )LOH grouping, and select source system ,B(;7(51. 1-1-1 From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ
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If you get a pop-up message about documentation select the check box to not show the question again and press <HV Click on the +LGH6KRZ (PSW\ )ROGHUV icon so that all possible source systems groupings are visible Highlight )LOH and expand the list of File Source Systems. Highlight Source System ,B(;7(51.
Open the DataSource tree list via the context menu. 1-2-1 On right-hand mouse context menu choose 'LVSOD\ 'DWD6RXUFH 7UHH. The list of DataSources should appear.
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Create a new DataSource within the application component =7B),/(B'6 which is found under =7B'%:( within =%:B75$,1,1*. The DataSource should be called =),B'6B;; and be of type 7UDQVDFWLRQ GDWD. 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-3-3 1-3-4 1-3-5 1-3-6 Expand the node =%:B75$,1,1* Expand the node =7B'%:(
Press 7UDQVIHU (QWHU
Specify DataSource: =),B'6B;;, Source System: ,B(;7(51, Data Type DataSource: 7UDQVDFWLRQ 'DWD.
On context menu choose &UHDWH 'DWD6RXUFH
Highlight the application component =7B),/(B'6
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Select a full screen view by hiding the navigator. In the DataSource definition specify descriptions of )OLJKW 'DWD )LOH ;;. In the Extraction tabstrip choose the Adapter type /RDG 7H[W7\SH )LOH IURP $SSOLFDWLRQ 6HUYHU and select file GVDJFVY from ',5B+20(. 1-4-1 1-4-2 1-4-3 1-4-4 Under tabstrip *HQHUDO ,QIR specify short, medium and long descriptions of )OLJKW 'DWD )LOH ;;. Choose the Adapter type /RDG 7H[W7\SH )LOH IURP $SSOLFDWLRQ 6HUYHU . DBW70E 4-73 Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your DataSource screen is in fullscreen mode
Under tabstrip ([WUDFWLRQ click on the selector for $GDSWHU.
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Click on the cell 1DPH RI WKH )LOH. Press the selector (F4 function key). In the Select Input Help window choose AL11 Files. Select directory ',5B75$16 by double-click, then directory 7UDLQLQJ by double-click, then directory &69 by double-click. Scroll down till you find file GVDJFVY. Double-click on this. In the Selection window choose Copy Name.
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Complete the Extraction screen by choosing Header rows to be ignored as Data Format Data Separator as a semi-colon () Thousands Separator as period () Decimal Point Separator as comma () 1-5-1 1-5-2 1-5-3 Specify Data Format: 6HSDUDWHG ZLWK 6HSDUDWRU IRU ([DPSOH &69. In the boxes that appear - specify Data Separator as semi-colon () Specify Number Format: 'LUHFW (QWU\. In the boxes that appear - specify Thousands Separator as period () Decimal Point Separator as comma () Specify Header rows to be ignored:
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View the proposal data and fields under the Proposal tabstrip by selecting to load example data. In particular, look at the dates (field FLDATE) on the first few data records. 1-6-1 1-6-2 Under tabstrip 3URSRVDO, view the sample data records by pressing pushbutton /RDG ([DPSOH 'DWD. File output is produced, showing the first 20 data records. Below that you will see the field proposal, with field names and properties including conversion routines. All proposals can be changed in a later step.
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In the Fields tabstrip ensure the proposals are copied into the field list. In here make a change to the field CARRID to make it data type &+$5. Also note the settings for the field FLDATE, in particular the field length and the required output field length (External Length). Then Save and Activate the DataSource. 1-7-1 Under tabstrip )LHOGV go to the row for the field &$55,'. Click on the cell 'DWD W\SH which should be offering the Data type UNIT. Via the selector (F4) choose Data type &+$5 via double-click. On the row for the field )/'$7(, length is , output length is not specified (blank), format is ([WHUQDO with conversion routine 56'$7. Make no changes to this row. Press $FWLYDWH. Press 6DYH.
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View the preview data in the Preview tabstrip to see how the data will appear in BW. In particular, examine the data in the column FLDATE and consider if this is correctly interpreted? Make corrections under the Fields tabstrip, by setting the output (External) length to 10, reactivate the DataSource and then review the data under the Preview tabstrip. 1-8-1 Under tabstrip 3UHYLHZ, view how the sample data records will appear by pressing pushbutton 5HDG 3UHYLHZ 'DWD. A message should be shown indicating inbound processing of the data package is finished. The column FLDATE shows data fields in the format DD.MM.YYYY but the dates do not correspond to those you observed in the example data under the Proposal tabstrip. Go back to the settings by selecting tabstrip )LHOGV. Select the menu option 'DWD6RXUFH ! 'LVSOD\&KDQJH so that you are working in change mode.
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Keep pressing ([LW until you return to the SAP Easy Access menu
,I WKH 5HDG 3UHYLHZ 'DWD SXVKEXWWRQ LV QRW YLVLEOH SUHVV ([LW WZLFH WR UHWXUQ WR WKH6$3 (DV\ $FFHVV PHQX 7KHQ VHOHFW 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ WR DJDLQ VHH WKH OLVW RI 'DWD6RXUFHV LQ 0RGHOLQJ SUHVV 5HIUHVK WUHH VWUXFWXUH DQG GRXEOH FOLFN RQ \RXU 'DWD6RXUFH =),B'6B;; 7KHQ WU\ WKH 3UHYLHZ WDEVWULS DJDLQ DQG WKH SXVKEXWWRQ 5HDG 3UHYLHZ 'DWD VKRXOG EH YLVLEOH Now try the above step again.
Select tabstrip 3UHYLHZ and view the sample data records again by pressing pushbutton 5HDG 3UHYLHZ 'DWD. The dates should now show correctly.
Press $FWLYDWH.
Press 6DYH.
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Create a new DataSource for Source System type Web Services and push data via an XML interface into the PSA within BI.
You need to familiarize yourself with the new DataSource creation process and in particular for Web Services, including the push of data via XML into the PSA within BI.
Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Expand the :HE 6HUYLFH folder. Highlight the Source System =7B:6(59,&. Open the data source tree list via the context menu.
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Create a new DataSource within the application component =7B:(%B6(59,&(6 which is found under =7B'%:( within =%:B75$,1,1*. The DataSource should be called =7B:6'6B;; and be of type 7UDQVDFWLRQ GDWD. Select a full screen view by hiding the navigator. In the DataSource definition specify descriptions of :HE 6HUYLFH '6 ;;. Go to the Fields tabstrip. Here define the structure of your Web Service by entering InfoObjects in the Template InfoObject column. In the first row specify &86720(5 as the template InfoObject and copy the InfoObject field properties to the DataSource. Likewise, further specify template InfoObjects 0$7(5,$/, &$/'$<, '2&B180%(5, 48$17,7<, 81,7, 1(7B35,&(, '2&B&855&< and ensure this sequence is observed. Change all field formats to ,QWHUQDO and DFWLYDWH the DataSource. Have a look at the generated function module via the Extraction tabstrip. Have a look at the PSA Administration. Look at the generated web service part of the DataSource.
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Create an InfoPackage for your Web Service DataSource. Enter a description *HW ;0/ 'DWD ;; . Examine the screen contents in the Extraction tabstrip Make settings under the Processing tabstrip to put the automatic closure of the request to KRXU Also set the request size to rows. Launch the test of your Web Service. Enter test data Customer: Material: Calday: DocNumber: *URXS ;;B Quantity: Unit: 3& Net Price: DocCurrcy: 86' and send it. Then examine the results from this push into the BI PSA.
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Monitor the request in the BI warehouse via the Manage PSA function.
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Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Expand the :HE 6HUYLFH folder. Highlight the Source System =7B:6(59,&. 1-1-1 From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ
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If you get a pop-up message about documentation select the check box to not show the question again and press <HV Click on the +LGH6KRZ (PSW\ )ROGHUV icon so that all possible source systems groupings are visible Highlight Source System =7B:6(59,&. Highlight :HE 6HUYLFH and expand the list of Web Service Source Systems.
Open the data source tree list via the context menu. 1-2-1 On right-hand mouse context menu choose 'LVSOD\ 'DWD6RXUFH 7UHH. The list of DataSources should appear.
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Create a new DataSource within the application component =7B:(%B6(59,&(6 which is found under =7B'%:( within =%:B75$,1,1*. The DataSource should be called =7B:6'6B;; and be of type 7UDQVDFWLRQ GDWD. 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-3-3 1-3-4 1-3-5 1-3-6 Highlight the application component =7B'%:( Expand the node =%:B75$,1,1*
Press 7UDQVIHU (QWHU
Specify DataSource: =7B:6'6B;;, Source System: =7B:6(59,&, Data Type DataSource: 7UDQVDFWLRQ 'DWD.
On context menu choose &UHDWH 'DWD6RXUFH
Highlight the application component =7B:(%B6(59,&(6
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Select a full screen view by hiding the navigator. In the DataSource definition specify descriptions of :HE 6HUYLFH '6 ;;. 1-4-1 1-4-2 Under tabstrip *HQHUDO ,QIR specify short, medium and long descriptions of :HE 6HUYLFH '6 ;;. Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your DataSource screen is in fullscreen mode
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Go to the Fields tabstrip. Here define the structure of your Web Service by entering InfoObjects in the Template InfoObject column. In the first row specify &86720(5 as the template InfoObject and copy the InfoObject field properties to the DataSource. Likewise, further specify template InfoObjects 0$7(5,$/, &$/'$<, '2&B180%(5, 48$17,7<, 81,7, 1(7B35,&(, 0DOC_CURRCY and ensure this sequence is observed. Change all field formats to ,QWHUQDO and DFWLYDWH the DataSource. 1-5-1 1-5-2 1-5-3 1-5-4 1-5-5 1-5-6 1-5-7 1-5-8 1-5-9 Under tabstrip )LHOGV, in the first row enter &86720(5 in the cell Template InfoObject, and hit the HQWHU key. In the pop-up window select the pushbutton FRS\. Click on the ,QVHUW 5RZ button VHYHQ times. Press &KHFN which should result in a success message. In the new rows enter the following template InfoObjects in this sequence: 0$7(5,$/, &$/'$<, '2&B180%(5, 48$17,7<, 81,7, 1(7B35,&(, '2&B&855&< In the pop-up window select the pushbutton FRS\ (seven times).
Hit the HQWHU key.
For each row ensure that the field format is set to ,QWHUQDO by choosing this value using the selector.
Press the $FWLYDWH pushbutton, and accept any log display message by pressing &RQWLQXH HQWHU. You should receive a message to indicate the DataSource is activated.
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Have a look at the generated function module via the Extraction tabstrip. 1-6-1 1-6-2 1-6-3 Select the tabstrip ([WUDFWLRQ. Observe the field )XQFWLRQ 0RGXOH and GRXEOHFOLFN on the Function Module name
Within the Function Module stay within the 6RXUFH FRGH tabstrip. On approximately the fifth line of coding consider the IMPORTING interface structure (beginning %,&:&4=7B:6'6). 'RXEOHFOLFN on the structure name. Then keep hitting %DFN until you return to the 'LVSOD\ 'DWD 6RXUFH screen
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Have a look at the PSA Administration. 1-7-1 1-7-2 Still under the tabstrip ([WUDFWLRQ, click on the pushbutton 0DQDJH 36$. No data is present, which is as expected. Press &DQFHO )
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Look at the generated web service part of the DataSource. 1-8-1 1-8-2 Still under the tabstrip ([WUDFWLRQ , click on the pushbutton :HE 6HUYLFH $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ. Expand the path under SOAP Application / Service Definition / Variant / Web Service Description, ie: 62$3 $SSOLFDWLRQ IRU 5)&&RPSOLDQW )0V ! %,&&4=7B:6'6 ! %,&&4=7B:6'6 ! :HE 6HUYLFH %,&&4=7B:6'6 Highlight this entry and then take the path :HE 6HUYLFH ! :6'/ (or press the WSDL pushbutton)
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In the Settings pop-up that appears select the option 'RFXPHQW 6W\OH and press &RQWLQXH HQWHU
When prompted with the login popup, enter your :$6 8VHU 1DPH DQG 3DVVZRUG as given at the beginning of the class In the new browser session view the WSDL that appears When you have finished close the browser session by pressing ; in the top right-hand corner You will be in the :HE 6HUYLFH $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ IRU 62$3 5XQWLPH screen
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Keep pressing %DFN until you return to the DataSource tree list within 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ
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Create an InfoPackage for your Web Service DataSource. Enter a description *HW ;0/ 'DWD ;;. 2-1-1
Highlight your Web Service DataSource =7B:6'6B;; and via the context menu select &UHDWH ,QIR3DFNDJH. In the InfoPackage pop-up enter a description *HW ;0/ 'DWD ;; , then press 6DYH HQWHU Note the name of the screen you are in 6FKHGXOHU ,QIR3DFNDJH IRU 5HDO7LPH 'DWD $FTXLVLWLRQ 3XVK Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your DataSource screen is in fullscreen mode
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Examine the screen contents in the Extraction tabstrip 2-2-1 2-2-2 2-2-3 2-2-4 View the General Adapter Attributes by pressing pushbutton 3URSHUWLHV, then press &RQWLQXH HQWHU Note the attributes for Real-Time Data Acquisition (Push enabled) Note that the Function Module and Web Service names are shown Select the ([WUDFWLRQ tabstrip
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Make settings under the Processing tabstrip to put the automatic closure of the request to KRXU. Also set the request size to rows. 2-3-1 2-3-2 2-3-3 Under Automatic Closure of the Request set Hour to and Day to EODQN. Under Request Size: Number of Rows enter Select the 3URFHVVLQJ tabstrip
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Launch the test of your Web Service. 2-4-1 2-4-2 2-4-3 Select the ([WUDFWLRQ tabstrip Press the pushbutton Web Service Administration. Expand the path under SOAP Application / Service Definition / Variant / Web Service Description, ie: 62$3 $SSOLFDWLRQ IRU 5)&&RPSOLDQW )0V ! %,&&4=7B:6'6 ! %,&&4=7B:6'6 ! :HE 6HUYLFH %,&&4=7B:6'6 Highlight this entry and then take the path :HE 6HUYLFH ! :HE 6HUYLFH +RPHSDJH (or press the Web Service Homepage pushbutton) In the Settings pop-up that appears select the option 'RFXPHQW 6W\OH and press &RQWLQXH HQWHU
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When prompted with the authentication request in the new session, enter your :$6 8VHU 1DPH DQG 3DVVZRUG as given at the beginning of the class and press 6XEPLW Select the 7HVW option in the blue bar near the top of the screen A structure name is shown under the label Operations. &OLFN on the structure name (cursor will change to a hand pointer while you do this)
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Enter test data Customer: Material: Calday: DocNumber: *URXS ;;B Quantity: Unit: 3& Net Price: DocCurrcy: 86' and send it. Then examine the results from this push into the BI PSA. 2-5-1 Enter the following test data: Customer: Material: Calday: DocNumber: ;;B Quantity: Unit: 3& Net Price: DocCurrcy: 86' Then press 6HQG 2-5-2 Examine the results from the Push, which should be seen in the two columns Request and Response that appear.
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Monitor the request in the BI warehouse via the Manage PSA function. 3-1-1 From your session which shows the screen Web Service Administration for SOAP Runtime keep pressing %DFN until you return to the DataSource tree list within the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ. 'RXEOHFOLFN on your DataSource =7B:6'6B;; You should be in the screen 'LVSOD\ 'DWD6RXUFH There should be one visible request now in the 5HTXHVWV IRU 36$ pop-up. For this row click on the icon in the cell 0RQLWRU5HTXHVW6WDWXV The Monitor screen appears. Here click on the 36$ 0DLQWHQDQFH icon again You should then see the entered test data in your PSA table. For a detailed view select the row by pressing the left-most cell on the row and then press the FKDQJH pushbutton. Press &RQWLQXH HQWHU to leave this detailed view (pop-up is called Single record change ) Keep pressing %DFN (do not save) until you return to the 5HTXHVWV IRU 36$ pop-up. Press &DQFHO ) here Keep pressing %DFN until you return to the SAP Easy Access menu. In the PSA Maintenance pop-up screen press &RQWLQXH HQWHU in the bottom left-hand corner. Press the pushbutton 0DQDJH 36$ If you get a pop-up message asking if you want to save InfoPackage changes press <HV.
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This is the Data Flow of SAP NW 2004s via InfoPackaes we bring data in now only to PSA layer. From the PSA, having defined a transformation, we load data from the PSA to the InfoProvider via the Data Transfer Process. This is a new method to distribute data within BI. We can also define transformations to other InfoProviders, loading data via DTP from one InfoProvider to another. You can also define an Open Hub destination, and derfine the transformation between the PSA and an Open Hub destination also scheduled via DTP which can then load data to outside the BI.
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This is the new transformation concept in more detail. The source is still packaged. There is a new optional possibility to define the packages the semantic groups. You can load the data package by package into an optional start routine, then define the transformation rules, and after they have been applied process the data in an optional end routine. Then the target is updated. Alternatively, you can use an expert routine complete coding of your transformation (no declarative assignments of targets). The major enhancements are firstly unification of transfer / update rules you have the allin-one capability of transformation. You define an easy data flow betwen a source and a target, applying a transformation in betweeen. And you apply a data transfer process responsible for the runtime of the data load. This is a significant simplification. Secondly you have an intuitive graphical UI for the transformation you can easily drag and drop sources to targets. You can include unit conversions as you could before with currency conversions. The Open Hub service is also integrated into the data flow.
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The former Update Rule icon is used for transformations. A small square is in addition used to indicate if it is a 3.x Update Rule. You see the link source target. A new source can be applied to the Transformation InfoSet. All the other sources eg DataStore Object, InfoOobject, InfoSource are still valid sources for the transformation. Also note there is a new target which is the Open Hub destination.
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We see sources on the left, targets on the right, also the assignment rules for specific targets. Key figures, characteristics and date fuields are on the same level known as a transfrornmation group. In more than 90% of the cases the key figures are transformed the same way for all characteristics. This simplifies the definition.
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The Transformation rule type is defined at the top, offering Constant Direct Assignment Reading master data Only available for InfoObject-based sources (not PSA) Routine Formula editor Time Conversion/Distribution Currency / Unit conversion Not available if the source of the transformation is a DataSource Aggregation Summation (+) / Minimum (<) / Maximum (>) Symbol for aggregation shown on the graphical UI Overwrite (for DataStore objects) Source fields Usually one source field (plus unit/currency) For routines/formulas, several source fields are possible Target fields Usually one target field (plus unit/currency) For return table, several fields are possible (return table is planned for the release after SAP NetWeaver 2004s)
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The InfoSource is not mandatory anymore. However, they can be used eg where you need InfoObject based information and this is not part of the DataSource.
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So we can use an InfoSource as an optional structure between a transformation and another transformation. This is necessary, for example, to consolidate several sources into several targets or to use InfoObject-based information.
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This is as in 3.x used for example to avoid single data reads. Although package-based, in SAP NW 2004s we have the possibility to define semantic groups, which means characteristic values belonging together and part of one package. For example, we want all records for one document to be in one package so we define a semantic group on the document level.
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End routine is similar to the start routine. Use it for post-preparation after the data transformation. This is package based semantic packages are possible here. It is recommended if for example you need to delete records after the transformation.
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The expert routine is a means to define a transformation in a non-declarative way. Here you do not have the 1:1 assignments between targets and sources, you are purely coding the transformation.
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Here key figures, characteristics and time characteristics are all on the same level this is required in more than 90% of cases. If, however, you wish to update key figures depending on the characteristics you can create transformation groups.
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In 3.x you could define characteristic updates per key figure. In most cases this was the same for all key figures. To define one key figure different to the others you would in SAP NW 2004s use the concept of transformation groups. A standard group exists. If you change this all referencing groups could be changed as well.
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You do not have to migrate all your update/transfer rules to the new concept. You could still define tupdate/transfer rules in SAP NW 2004s, although this is a little more hidden available via Additional Functions in context menu.
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At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to: Create a transformation within the Data Warehousing Workbench of SAP NW 2004s BI
Transformation is the main process for data consolidation, cleansing and integration within SAP NW 2004s. It co-exists with the known transfer rule / update rule concept. However you need to familiarize yourself with the Transformation approach as new developments will focus on this approach rather than on transfer rules / update rules.
Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Via the )LOH context menu view the data source you will be working with, but do not change anything. From Source System ,B(;7(51, go to DataSource 'B6'B&B7' found under 6DOHV 'LVWULEXWLRQ within $SSOLFDWLRQ &RPSRQHQWV within 6$3 'HPR. Display the field attributes of this DataSource. By copying from DataSource 'B6'B&B7' of Source System ,B(;7(51, create a new InfoSource ,6B75$16;; under application component =7B'%:(. Use description '%:( ,QIR6RXUFH 6DOHV 'HWDLOV ;;. Change your InfoSource ,6B75$16;; by deleting InfoObjects 'B97<3(, 'B'2&&/$66 and 'B5(*,21. Activate your InfoSource Create a new transformation for your InfoSource ,6B75$16;; using as the source the DataSource 'B6'B&B7' based on Source System ,B(;7(51. Activate the transformation without any changes from the proposed values.
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Create a new InfoCube 75$16B;; (Description: 6DOHV 'HWDLOV ;;) under InfoArea 7B'%:( (copied from existing InfoCube 30B6''(7). Activate the InfoCube.. Create a new transformation for your InfoCube 75$16B;; using as the source the InfoSource ,6B75$16;; . Make a change within the transformation to do the following link - Link 'B62/'B72 of the InfoSource as a source to 'B5(*,21 of the InfoCube as a target, using rule type Read Master Data. Make a change within the transformation to do the following - Set a constant value for 'B97<3( of the InfoCube. Make a change within the transformation to do the following For 'B9(56,21 define a formula transformation to just assign Version 000 whenever the source does not deliver any value here. Formula syntax is ,) 'B9(56,21 !

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Make a change within the transformation to do the following For 'B48$17B%, change unit transformation settings to )URP FRQYHUVLRQ and enter conversion type =7B&219. Examine the details behind the conversion type Check the overview of your transformation, and then activate it. .
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Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the Source Systems tree. Via the )LOH context menu view the data source you will be working with, but do not change anything. From Source System ,B(;7(51, go to DataSource 'B6'B&B7' found under 6DOHV 'LVWULEXWLRQ within $SSOLFDWLRQ &RPSRQHQWV within 6$3 'HPR. Display the field attributes of this DataSource. 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-1-3 1-1-4 1-1-5 1-1-6 1-1-7 1-1-8 1-1-9 1-1-10 From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ
If you get a pop-up message about documentation select the check box to not show the question again and press <HV Click on the +LGH6KRZ (PSW\ )ROGHUV icon so that all possible source systems groupings are visible Expand )LOH and highlight the Source System ,B(;7(51. On right-hand mouse context menu choose 'LVSOD\ 'DWD6RXUFH 7UHH. The list of DataSources should appear.
Expand the node 6$3 'HPR, then expand the node $SSOLFDWLRQ &RPSRQHQWV, then expand the node 6DOHV 'LVWULEXWLRQ. On right-hand mouse context menu choose 'LVSOD\ Highlight the DataSource 30B6'B&B7'
Consider the field attributes found under the tabstrip )LHOGV
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By copying from DataSource 'B6'B&B7' of Source System ,B(;7(51, create a new InfoSource ,6B75$16;; under application component =7B'%:(. Use description '%:( ,QIR6RXUFH 6DOHV 'HWDLOV ;;. 1-2-1 1-2-2 1-2-3 Click on ,QIR6RXUFHV in the Navigator. Expand the node =%:B75$,1,1*, then highlight the application component =7B'%:(.
On right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH ,QIR6RXUFH
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InfoSource: ,6B75$16;; Long Description: '%:( ,QIR6RXUFH 6DOHV 'HWDLOV ;; Application Component =7B'%:( Copy From Object Type: 'DWD6RXUFH DataSource: 'B6'B&B7' Source System: ,B(;7(51 Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoSource screen is in fullscreen mode Press 7UDQVIHU HQWHU
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Change your InfoSource ,6B75$16;; by deleting InfoObjects 'B97<3(, 'B'2&&/$66 and 'B5(*,21. Activate your InfoSource 1-3-1 1-3-2
Press the $FWLYDWH pushbutton to activate your InfoSource
Holding down the Control key, select fields 'B97<3(, 'B'2&&/$66 and 'B5(*,21 by pressing the left-most cell on each of those rows. Then press the 'HOHWH 5RZ pushbutton
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Create a new transformation for your InfoSource ,6B75$16;; using as the source the DataSource 'B6'B&B7' based on Source System ,B(;7(51. Activate the transformation without any changes from the proposed values. 1-4-1 1-4-2 1-4-3 1-4-4 You should find your new InfoSource ,6B75$16;; in the tree structure under application component =7B'%:(. If not, press the 5HIUHVK VXEWUHH icon. Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoSource screen is no longer in fullscreen mode
In the pop-up window specify - Source of the Transformation Object Type: 'DWD6RXUFH DataSource: 'B6'B&B7' Source System: ,B(;7(51 Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoSource screen is in fullscreen mode Press &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ HQWHU Press pushbutton $FWLYDWH.
Highlight your new InfoSource ,6B75$16;; and on right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ
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Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoSource screen is no longer in fullscreen mode
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Create a new InfoCube 75$16B;; Description: 6DOHV 'HWDLOV ;; under InfoArea 7B'%:( (copied from existing InfoCube 30B6''(7). Activate the InfoCube. 2-1-1 2-1-2 2-1-3 2-1-4 2-1-5 Select ,QIR3URYLGHU from the Navigator.
Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoSource screen is no longer in fullscreen mode
Specify InfoCube: 75$16B;; Description: 6DOHV 'HWDLOV ;; Copy From: 30B6''(7 InfoProvider Type: 6WDQGDUG ,QIR&XEH Real Time: No (blank) You are in the screen Edit InfoCube. Press pushbutton $FWLYDWH. Press &UHDWH )
On right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH ,QIR&XEH
Highlight InfoArea 7B'%:(
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Create a new transformation for your InfoCube 75$16B;; using as the source the InfoSource ,6B75$16;; . 2-2-1 2-2-2 2-2-3
You should find your new InfoCube 75$16B;; in the tree structure under InfoArea 7B'%:(. If not, press the 5HIUHVK VXEWUHH icon.
In the pop-up window specify - Source of the Transformation Object Type: ,QIR6RXUFH InfoSource: ,6B75$16;; Press &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ HQWHU
Highlight your new InfoCube 75$16B;; and on right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ
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Make a change within the transformation to do the following link - Link 'B62/'B72 of the InfoSource as a source to 'B5(*,21 of the InfoCube as a target, using rule type Read Master Data. 2-3-1 2-3-2 2-3-3 2-3-4 2-3-5 2-3-6 2-3-7 Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoSource screen is in fullscreen mode Within the Transformation Create screen highlight the line for 'B62/'B72. Holding down the cursor, draw an arrow from that line to the 'B5(*,21 line in the Standard Group box. Note that an symbol now appears in the left-most box of the Standard Group. Double-click on this line. A pop-up box Rule Details appears. Specify Rule Type: 5HDG 0DVWHU 'DWD. The system automatically detects that 0D_SOLD_TO has an attribute 0D_REGION which will be used for the transformation. Note that now the = symbol on 0D_REGION has changed to the $WWULEXWHV0DVWHU 'DWD symbol in the left-most box of the Standard Group. Press pushbutton 7UDQVIHU 9DOXHV.
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Make a change within the transformation to do the following - Set a constant value for 'B97<3( of the InfoCube. 2-4-1 2-4-2 2-4-3 2-4-4 2-4-5 Within the Standard Group box find the line for 'B97<3(. Note that no rule is defined. 'RXEOHFOLFN on the line. Specify - Rule Type: &RQVWDQW The pop-up box 5XOH 'HWDLOV appears. Press pushbutton 7UDQVIHU 9DOXHV Constant Value:
Note that now the symbol on 0D_VTYPE has changed to the &RQVWDQW symbol in the left-most box of the Standard Group.
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Make a change within the transformation to do the following For 'B9(56,21 define a formula transformation to just assign Version 000 whenever the source does not deliver any value here. Formula syntax is ,) 'B9(56,21 !

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2-5-1 2-5-2 2-5-3 2-5-4 2-5-5 Within the Standard Group box, find the line for 'B9(56,21. Double-click on the line. The pop-up box Rule Details appears. Specify - Rule Type: )RUPXOD and press the &KDQJH 5XOH pushbutton (pencil icon) Note: You need to be in Expert mode to key in the formula directly. Press the ([SHUW PRGH pushbutton (spanner icon) to do this.
You want a formula transformation to just assign Version 000 whenever the source does not deliver any value here. Type in ,) 'B9(56,21 !

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exactly in this format. Or use the offered fields and functions below the formula box. You can select from these as necessary, each with a GRXEOHFOLFN. Press the FKHFN pushbutton to check your entries. When correct, press the %DFN button and press pushbutton 7UDQVIHU 9DOXHV.
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Make a change within the transformation to do the following For 'B48$17B%, change unit transformation settings to )URP FRQYHUVLRQ and enter conversion type =7B&219. Examine the details behind the conversion type 2-6-1 2-6-2 2-6-3 2-6-4 2-6-5 Within the Standard Group box find the line for 'B48$17B%. 'RXEOHFOLFN on the line. The pop-up box Rule Details appears. Specify Conversion type: =7B&219 Under Unit of measure change Unit of Measure setting via the selector to )URP FRQYHUVLRQ.
Press pushbutton 0DLQWDLQ &RQYHUVLRQ 7\SH (pencil icon) to examine the conversion type. When the screen Quantity Conversion Type appears, press pushbutton 'LVSOD\ ). Examine the settings under each of the tabs +GU GDWD, &RQYHUVLRQ IDFWRUV and 8R0. Do not change anything in here. Press pushbutton 7UDQVIHU 9DOXHV Keep pressing %DFN until you return to the Rule Details pop-up window.
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Check the overview of your transformation, and then activate it. 2-7-1 2-7-2 2-7-3 Press the pushbutton $FWLYDWH. Examine the content of the screen 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ &UHDWH
Keep pressing %DFN until you return to the SAP Easy Access menu
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In Enterprise Data Warehousing there are several conceptual layers staging layer, data warehouse layer and architected data marts layer. Data flow concept will go through these layers and load data from any source to the target within the Enterprise Data Warehouse.
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Data Flow control concept will go through all three conceptual layers.This slide illustrates the new data flow control concept in SAP NW 2004s. InfoPackages are now responsible for loading the data from the Source System to the DataSource. DTP is responsible for loading the data from DataSource to InfoProvider. In a more generic way DTP is responsible for loading data within BI from one persistent layer to another.By using InfoSpoke BI can be used as the source system, whereby the data can be loaded from BI to any other destination.
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InfoPackage loads the data from Source to Target with or without PSA in the SAP BW 3.X Release. Transfer rule and update rule are defined for data conversion in the transformation. Process chain in SAP BW 3.X Release is optional.
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Within the SAP NW 2004s release - InfoPackages can only load data from Source System to PSA without any semantic transformation. What can be done here is a technical transformation (e.g. conversion exit to transform data from external format to internal format). Transformations can be defined between a source and a target for data transformation or conversion. Details on how the transformations work are covered in a separate unit. Data Transfer Process is responsible for data loading from one persistent layer to the other. Every Path from persistent source to target is a Data Transfer Process. That means that besides InfoSource any other objects like InfoProviders, DataSources, DataStore Objects can be the source or target for the Data Transfer Process. Process Chains are now mandatory in this case. InfoPackages and Data Transfer Process should be included into a process chain to automate the loading process.
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Key benefits are seen above. The new data flow control concept allows data to be loaded into the PSA table. Then Data Transfer Process will distribute data to different data targets. With this concept the delta mechanism is not dependent on the DataSource, which is available in the Source System. With this concept you can have different delta mechanisms for different Data Targets via Data Transfer Processes. You can also set a filter to load a set of data which is available in the PSA to Data Targets. With the concept of DTP, transparency of the staging process across different layers (PSA, DWH layer, DataStore layer and architected data marts layer) is improved. Via optimised parallelization the load performance of the DTP is improved. Also, DTP provides enhanced errorhandling features like the error stack and temporary data storage. DTP enables real-time data acquisition DTP can be defined as a real-time DTP via daemon, loading data from source to target. This is covered in detail in a later lesson.
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InfoPackages only can load data from Source System to PSA without any semantic transformation. PSA will physically store the data. You can load data from PSA to DSO via DTP. What can be done there is a technical transformation (e.g. conversion exit to transform data from external format to internal format). InfoPackages/Data Transfer Process should be included into a process chain to automate the loading process.
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If there are two available paths from source to target then two DTPs should be defined. InfoSource between DataSource and InfoProvider is not mandatory anymore. In case you would like to define a complex transformation or define automated unit or currency conversion, you need to define a SAP NW2004s BI InfoSource. Remember: every path from persistent source to target is a Data Transfer Process.
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Here is a more complex example where the data warehouse layer and architected data marts layer are modeled. The typical business scenario is for the sales order data and the delivery data distributed in different Source Systems. In BI they are brought together. Therefore we can implement DSO 1 and DSO 2 at the data warehouse layer, and DSO 3 at the Consolidated layer. The InfoProvider can be modeled at the architected data marts layer. DTPs shouldd be defined for different sources and targets in this case. Again, a process chain must be defined in this complex loading scenario
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Via RSA1 you can access the Data Warehousing Workbench. DTP is assigned to the target object. Once the transformation is defined it is also possible to define a DTP for this target object.
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With the extraction mode, you can decide whether the Data Transfer Process loads the data in Full or delta mode. For the delta loading, you need to define two Data Transfer Processes (one Full and one Delta DTP) to load the data from source to target. With the filter function it is possible to load a set of data to the data target instead of the complete volume of data. Different data selections can be made via different Data Transfer Processes for the same or for different data targets. You can define the package size, whether the currency conversion should be switched on or whether it is possible to load the data from the change log of the DataStore Object. Regarding the Update mode and Execution mode we first need to look into error handling features of DTP.
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This slide illustrates how error handling works with the DTP. You have the option to choose whether you want to switch on the error handling feature or not. If you choose option 2 or 3 it will work as follows Data is loaded via InfoPackage from Source System to PSA table. There is no error handling available for InfoPackage. In case of invalid records data needs to be reloaded from the Source System. You can load the data from PSA to Data Target via DTP. As you have switched on the error handling features, the invalid records will be updated into the error stack. The correct records will be updated into the Data Target. After you have corrected the records in the error stack, you can load these corrected data records to the Data Target via Error DTP. This is a special DTP which is responsible or loading data from the error stack to the Data Target.
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The three options at top of this slide are as per the options in the screenshot on the previous slide. In the DSO you have the option to choose the update mode Overwrite. In this case the sequence of the data is quite important. And so we would need to define a key for the error stack to ensure the right sequence of data to be written to the DSO.
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The DTP process Update tab where we decide how to proceed on error handling.
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The first point describes how the data records can be defined as invalid. More details on this are in the appendix. Since DSO has update mode Overwrite so the sequence of the data records is very important for the DSO update. The related data records to the erroneous records will also be updated into the error stack.
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Define the key of the error stack as detailed as possible The bigger the key, the fewer records will be written to the error stack Example Selecting company code as error stack key if one record of a particular company code is wrong, all records belonging to this company code will be written to the error stack Default: Complete target key (key of the DataStore Object)
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Within the tabstrip Execute you can see all the process steps during the data loading. Here you can see a process step filtering out your records with the same key. What that means is that once you have switched on the error handling features and there are InfoObjects available which have the update mode Overwrite in the transformation, so these new records with the same key as the incorrect record will be filtered out during data loading.
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Temporary Data Storage provides help for tracing the erroneous records and transformations. Data records from different steps within the data transfer process can be stored temporarily. Stores complete set of data (erroneous as well as valid records) unlike the Error Stack. The scenario recommended for using temporary data storage: If the debugging mode is switched on Trace the erroneous records Trace Transformation
Find the settings under the GoTo menu -> set at what detailed level you wish to trace the data. You can trace incorrect data, incorrect transformations by package or by record. You can also define when this temporary data storage should be deleted. Finally decide for which loading step you wish to define the temporary data storage. Some steps are already chosen automatically.
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This is integrated in InfoProvider management screen and integrated in Data Transfer Process maintenance. Additional information: duration of each step. Temporary storage access if activated Error Stack is displayed in Data Transfer Process Monitor
In the temporary data storage you can see all records correct and incorrect. Incorrect records are marked with a special symbol. (In the error stack you can only see the incorrect records). Here you have the possibility to correct these records manually.
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In temporary data storage see all the records; incorrect records are marked with the special symbol. In the error stack you see only incorrect records. Here you have the possibility to correct these records manually.
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Under the Execute tabstrip you can choose a processing mode of debugging, and a breakpoint.
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Here is a summary of the different situations for the different modes within error handling. If you only apply InfoPackage then no error-handling feature is switched on. You will get the monitor entry in the case of incorrect records. The whole update will be aborted. You will get a status red for this request. If you apply DTP and choose No update, no reporting all other features stay the same as InfoPackage. The only difference is that via DTP you can switch on the temporary data storage. WIth this option you can see the data in temporary data storage. If you choose the option Update valid records, no reporting, valid records will be upadetd into InfoProvicers. Incorrect records will be updated into the error stack. You can also see the data in temporary data storage. You will get the status of red for this request. In this case, reporting based on valid requests is not possible. You need to activate these requests manually and then you can start reporting on this data. If you choose Update valid records, reporting possible data stays the same as in the last mode described. But the status will be green and reporting on valid records is possible. It is recommended to use option 3 Update valid records, no reporting so you can make use of the error handling features and start reproting on a consistent database. Appendix: Call Error Handling in Transformations To skip records from processing, raise exception cx_rsrout_skip_record You can raise the exception to skip a record with or without filling a message into table MONITOR. If you do not fill a message, the error handling will not be informed, the skip is silent (filter). If you do fill in a message, the corresponding data record will be stored in the error stack.
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You can also fill messages into table MONITOR without raising the exceptions. These messages will be stored by the error handling and e.g. displayed in the temporary storage (if it is switched on). However the record will NOT be stored in the error stack, but updated into the data target. You can abort the whole data package by raising exception cx_rsrout_abort.
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The new data flow control concept allows data first to be loaded into the PSA table, then DTP will distribute data to different data targets. With this concept the delta mechanism is not dependent on the DataSource which is available in the Source System. With this concept you can have different delta mechanisms for different data targets via Data Transfer Process.
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In this example the process type decision has only two outcomes, but more could be possible. For example, to load data quarterly from four different markets
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By using the SAP formula builder (See also next Slide)
There are as many event numbers as IF/ELSEIF Commands. User can decide which Event will follow each command
Complex IF..THEN...ELSE... Decisions are possible. The logic behind each decision can be defined by using the SAP formula builder (see next slide).
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In addition to the functions seen above, process chain functions are also available, eg to determine runtime parameter of direct predecessor.
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When customizing a function which retrieves parameters of a process chain, an F4 help has been implemented by using the Constant-button. To make use of the F4-help, at first one of the function templates must be selected. Now the cursor must be positioned on the first empty field where the formula paramter has to be entered. After this the button for inserting constants must be pressed which serves here as the F4-help. By pressing the button a pop-up will occur displaying the values available for selection. It is vital to start filling the necessary function parameters one by one starting from the first field. Otherwise the F4-help will not retrieve values.
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Here it can be seen if a process type can have multiple events as a result, as seen in the field Possible Events.
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If there is a successor, which waits for a special outcome, then all other possible outcomes must have successors, too. Otherwise a runtime error will occur if the non-caught outcome takes place. There will be no successor waiting for an outcome which is not declared. This may happen, if an outcome is removed from the process variant.
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A minor but useful enhancement. In 3.x an editing user locked the chain also for display. Now it is possible to display a chain design when another user is editing it.
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This functionality was available in earlier releases by using the OK-code =copy. The process chain is copied including the references to the process type variants of the source chain. If there are new variants for the copied chain required, the references must be adopted.
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In 3.x it was only possible by a customer-defined process type to analyze return values of the process type. In SAP NW 2004s it is possible to search for a particular string in the output of a system command and to trigger an error if this string is not found or to judge the process type as successfully ended if this string is found.
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This can be switched on by entering an editing client in the attributes of the process chain. BW uses a different client concept to other SAP applications. BW makes use of the logical transport objects. As a result of this there are objects which must not be client-dependent. Entering the editing client is optional. If no entry is made here the process chain can be seen in all clients of the clientdependent target system, where the chain is supposed to run after the transport. If the field is filled with the client the chain can only be seen, scheduled and maintained in the specified client. For example if a process chain in BW triggers data loading activities.
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After the asignment of the specified client the processs chain will be scheduled automatically. In order to do so a destination must be maintained in transaction RSTPRFC.
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This feature was available also in BW 3.x with hidden ok-codes synchron. The system processes synchronously by only using one dialog process, so the chain is executed serially.
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Now alert categories can be defined and assigned to a process type. The user can define his own alert categories for his own process types. To activate the alerting function set a flag in the attributes of the process chain.
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The alert category is derived by the system as follows: If there is an error in the batch management the standard category BWAC_PROCESS_CHAIN_FRAMEWORK is used to send an alert. Here fixed alert texts are used which must be implemented in the system after an installation or upgrade to SAP Netweaver BI by following the note 601619. Otherwise the new table RSPC_ALERT_CAT is accessed to find an alert category for the process which has sent an error. With this table it is possible for the customer to assign their own alert categories to their own and also to standard process types. In the second case no modification has to be made. If the No alert flag is set, no message is sent to the user. The customer can assign their own classes (using the new interface IF_RSPC_EVENT_RESOLUTION) for the process types to send individual alert messages. If for a process type no customer defined class is entered in this table, the system uses the alert category assigned to this process type. If there is no entry for a particular process type at all, the system uses the alert category BWAC_PROCESS_CHAIN_ERROR to send an alert.
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By using transaction ALRTCATDEF the user can define the properties of the alert category. In the customizing of an alert category the users which are supposed to receive the alert messages of this category can be assigned by role assignments or by entering the user IDs directly. In the properties section a priority for alerts coming from this category can be defined as well as an escalation procedure. In the container section the fields can be defined which give more detailed information on the error. In the long and short text section the text for the message can be defined. Here a distinction is made between a short text for SMS or Pager messages and a long text for alerts sent by mail.
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Direct Access means no persistent storage on the BI side.
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Via VirtualProviders we can find a way to integrate data into anlaytical services by direct access.
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A DataSource for Direct Access will not provide a PSA table as we do not want to store data persistently. Nothing is different from the transformation point of view. We work with the special type of Cube the VirtualProvider, and we use a special type of DTP for this Direct Access scenario.
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An InfoSource in this case can introduce additional transformation rules. In this case we assume the BI system has master data involved available on the BI side.
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These are the steps in sequence for setting up direct access.
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This is a specific example showing the relevant objects from the implementation steps of the previous slide. The example cube is of Northwind invoice data accessed remotely. There is a transformation belonging to the cube, an InfoSource inbetween which introduces a second transformation. The data flow at the end is based on a DataSource which gives access to the Northwind invoices. The accompanying Data Transfer Process handles the data flow between the DataSource and the cube.
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Creating a VirtualProvider will lead you into the above dialog. The Virtual Provider can be related to a Data Transfer Process or to a 3.x InfoSource.
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It may be necessary to have several transformations in sequence. This can be done by involving a separate InfoSource. In our example we do this as the Northwind invoice data is incomplete since it has no unit (UoM / Currency). Hence here a specific InfoSource has been introduced. In the standard group we see that a fixed value for unit (PC) and for currency (EUR) has been set. In a second transformation we bring data onto the cube level via the transformation in the bottom part of the graphic. Here 0QUANTITY and 0NET_PRICE are each automatically compounded with the respective units.
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Under the Extraction tabstrip we use a special DTP Type DTP for Direct Access. The Adapter type Database Table is used with a specified table. In the Update tabstrip the VirtualProvider is specified. The Execute tabstrip shows the entire data flow.
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The definition of the data transfer process alone is not enough. We assign the Data Source to a pair of objects the data target and the related InfoSource which is an internal technical vehicle to get the data flow to run. So we choose this Remote DTP and assign it to the data target. Note there may be more than one entry here: you should choose one.
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From the context menu of your cube and choose Display Data you should see the result of the direct access in the list of the data target browser ie here Northwind data directly accessed from BI.
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Direct Access of Master Data is new within SAP NW 2004s so now we can handle the entire integration scenario. Now, on the right hand side, in this case master data is in the external source system as well. We need remote access to this and hence need a direct access DataSource for this master data. We have a kind of remote InfoObject. Combining this remote InfoObject with the right transformation and another DTP for remote access we can arrange that a query running on a VirtualProvider (remote cube) can not only access transaction data but also the related master data.
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Here is the implementation overview. We see a Northwind customer remote InfoObject. Below, we find the texts DataSource for Northwind customer with the related transformation and DTP. This resides on the DataSource for the Northwind remote customer.
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Under this tabstrip Master data/texts there is a new characteristic type Remopte Characteristic which you must choose. The name of an ABAP class will then be automatically generated.
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In the following step we define the transformation between here the DataSource and the Northwind customer InfoObject. So in this example we choose medium text and Northwind Customer ID to make the right text available for us during query execution.
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This DataSource just has to be specified as connecting to the external data source check the preview tabstrip.
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In defining the DTP the type DTP for Direct Access must be specified. Here the data target is the InfoObject texts.
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To test the ALV can show the master data texts. Start the transaction LISTCUBE and browse for the table name (PM_NWCUST in this case) and use the suffix $T.
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Here a look at the transaction data via the VirtualProvider.
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During query execution we should see a final result like the above.
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If we have a regular loading mechanism it will upload the data to our PSA and then in a regular staging process to our data warehouse layer and eventually to data targets that are available for reporting. Real-time data acquisition comes into play in two ways: a web service could push data from external system into PSA and a S-API could fetch the data from the source system and store it in the PSA. A daemon kicks off the data load process from the InfoPackage, and it triggers the DTP for forwarding PSA data to the DataStore object to make it available for reporting.
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The monitor is the main tool for controlling the daemon and assigning DTPs and InfoPackages to a certain daemon. There can be more than one daemon in a system and a daemon can process more than one DataSource.
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For the daemon to pick up the data from the source system we must create an InfoPackage for the real-time data acqusition. This is similar to the InfoPackage we create for our regular scheduled data loads. An additional flag is available in the InfoPackage creation screen only available if the Data Source is enabled to provide real-time data acquisition data. If it is not then this flag is not available. You can only create one InfoPackage for such a DataSource. It is not possible to create multiple InfoPackages with this real-time data acquisition flag. The reason is that we are specifying some settings in this InfoPackage that are particular to this real-time data acquisition.
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Other settings in the InfoPackage include the adapter (how the data is provided). The setting is Extraction from SAP System Using close to Real-time.
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Under the Procesing tabstrip we have settings for the closure of the request either a certain time (in hours / days) or a max number of records per request before we close it. Other settings are for the data package size and the maximum number of times the daemon should try to retrieve data from the source system before it before it actually stops processing.
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Under the Update tabstrip we specify where we get the data from. In this case we see only the option for delta update. To initiate the delta queue we must create an initialisation of delta package. Under the Schedule tabstrip there is no option to schedule the InfoPackage instead we have a Go to functionality via the Assign pushbutton which brings us to the daemon where we can assign our InfoPackage and the DTPs to a certain daemon.
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This is a regular Web Service Data Source with no particular settings to be made for real-time data acquisition. It does not matter how the data gets into the PSA.
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The settings needed for the daemon are specified in an InfoPackage.
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(i) Use two DataSources. Advantage keep existing data flow. New data provided with a separate data flow. The new data flow and DSO can be much leaner (fewer fields than regular DSO). But we must guarantee consistency between both DSOs. Maybe periodically delete data from the RDA DSO to avoid redundancy.
(ii) Use a single DataSource. When RDA comes into play the whole data flow is replaced by the one with the RDA. Advantage no need for realignment / consistency checking between the 2 DSOs. Disadvantage need to replace the existing data flow, and therefore need to rely on consistency and stability of data from the RDA.
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We can have only one or the other scenario - ie that the DataSource can only have a single extraction mechanism. Both at the same time are not possible.
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This is the main tool to Control the daemons processes Assign DataSources and DTPs to certain daemons
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Runtime information for the daemon can be accessed from the context menu. It displays some information about the job the daemon is running and other information relevant to the daemon.
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The daemon monitor does not provide any information on the quality of the data use the data load monitor for that. The daemon monitor only monitors and controls runtime of the daemon and the data load cycle.
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Likewise, in order to monitor and control DTPs jump to the respective DTP monitor. The RDA monitor only shows you whether the processing from a daemon point of view has been completed successfully or not.
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At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to: Create a Data Transfer Process, which is what is used within SAP NW 2004s BI to load data within BI from one persistent layer to another.
Data Transfer Process is part of the Data Flow Control concept of SAP NW 2004s. The Data Transfer Process is responsible for loading data within BI from one persistent layer to another eg from Staging (PSA) layer to Enterprise Data Warehousing layer, or from Enterprise Data Warehousing layer to Architected Data Marts layer.
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1RWH ,Q WKH LQVWUXFWLRQV EHORZ UHSODFH ;; ZLWK WKH JURXS QXPEHU JLYHQ E\ WKH LQVWUXFWRU 1-1 Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and select the InfoProvider tree. Locate your InfoCube 75$16B;;. 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-1-3 1-1-4 1-1-5 1-2
From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ
If you get a pop-up message about documentation select the check box to not show the question again and press <HV Expand node %: 7UDLQLQJ, expand node %: &XVWRPHU 7UDLQLQJ, expand InfoArea 7B%:(. Highlight your InfoCube 75$16B;;
Start creating the Data Transfer Process for your InfoCube 75$16B;;. Since DTP distributes data within BI, any DataSource and Data Provider could be defined as the source of DTP. Here the Source should be DataSource 'B6'B&B7' of Source System ,B(;7(51 1-2-1 1-2-2 On right-hand mouse context menu of InfoCube 75$16B;; choose &UHDWH 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV
In the pop-up box Creation of Data Transfer Process select Object type: 'DWD6RXUFH DataSource: 'B6'B&B7' source System: ,B(;7(51 Press &RQWLQXH (QWHU
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Define Extraction and Update settings for your Data Transfer Process: Extraction Mode should be )XOO. Error handling should be 9DOLG 5HFRUGV 8SGDWH 1R 5HSRUWLQJ 5HTXHVW 5HG. All offered options for deleting and filling temporary storage should be selected. 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-3-3 1-3-4 1-3-5 Under the Update tab of your DTP, specify Error Handling setting - 9DOLG 5HFRUGV 8SGDWH 1R 5HSRUWLQJ 5HTXHVW 5HG via the selector. Return to select the ([WUDFWLRQ tabstrip and select the )LOWHU pushbutton. A selection pop-up will appear. Make no changes here so that you have an unrestricted selection, and press &RQWLQXH (QWHU. Under the ([WUDFWLRQ tabstrip of your DTP, specify Extraction Mode )XOO using the selector.
Choose settings for DTP Temporaray Storage via menu *RWR ! 6HWWLQJV IRU '73 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH. Insert a checkmark into the 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH checkbox for each of the following boxes 'HOHWH 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH :LWK 5HTXHVW 6WDWXV *UHHQ 'HOHWH 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH :LWK 5HTXHVW 6WDWXV 'HOHWHG )LOO 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH DIWHU ([WUDFWLRQ 'DWD6RXUFH 7UDQVDFWLRQ 'DWD 6DOHV 2YHUYLHZ )LOO 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH DIWHU )LOWHU )LOO 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH DIWHU 3UHSDUH (UURU +DQGOLQJ )LOO 7HPSRUDU\ 6WRUDJH DIWHU 56'6 'B6'B&B7' ,B(;7(51 ! 75&6 DBW70E 6-119
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Specify execution settings. Accept the Processing Mode automatically offered by the system, which will be the best option for performance optimization. $FWLYDWH the DTP. 1-4-1 1-4-2 Select the ([HFXWH tabstrip. Note the Processing Mode offered by the system, but make no changes to the option that is offered. Press the pushbutton $FWLYDWH $FWLYDWH 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV
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Note the program flow, then select ([HFXWH to manually start your DTP. 2-1-1 2-1-2 Press pushbutton ([HFXWH ([HFXWH LQ %DFNJURXQG
Still under the Execute WDEVWULS, note the details of the Program Flow that are listed.
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Check out progress via the '73 0RQLWRU 2-2-1 2-2-2 2-2-3 2-2-4
If monitor does not automatically appear, press pushbutton '73 0RQLWRU
Select +HDGHU tabstrip within the screen 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV 0RQLWRU. Note the Header settings and status shown.
Keep pressing %DFN until you return to the SAP Easy Access menu.
Select 'HWDLOV tabstrip. Note the steps listed under Request Processing.
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Create a Process Chain which includes both loading steps from flat file into PSA within BI, then Data Transfer Process to take the data into a DataStore Object and finally the activation of the data there
Loading data into BI (PSA) is a separate initial step from the transformation of data to its final data target. These two steps may be seamlessly combined via the Process Chain approach.
Locate your DataSource =),B'6B;; in the DataSource tree below =7B),/(B'6 (within Application Component =7B'%:(). Create an InfoPackage for the DataSource Get flight data for Group XX . Make no changes to the existing settings in the InfoPackage. Do not execute, but simply save, the InfoPackage. Go to the InfoProvider tree and find the DataStore Object 6LQJOH )OLJKW %RRNLQJV ;; with the technical name =6%.'6;; under InfoArea 7B'%:( and create a transformation with your DataSource =),B'6B;; of Source System ,B(;7(51 as the source of the transformation. Map the fields of the flat file to the corresponding InfoObjects of the DataStore Object. Save and activate the transformation. Then return to the Modeling screen and note the entries now in the tree. Create the Data Transfer Process for the DataStore Object for a full extraction. Do not execute just Save and Activate. (We will execute later within a process chain). Then return to the Modeling screen and note the entries now in the tree.
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We will now create a Process Chain in order to process the InfoPackage and the Data Transfer Process in one go. Leave Modeling and call the Process Chain Definition Menu (563&). Here create a new process chain =7B3&B;; Long Description: /RDG )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;; and enter a Start Process =7B67$57B;; Long description: 6WDUW /RDGLQJ ;; IRU ,PPHGLDWH 6WDUW. We will now complete the steps to build the Process Chain. From the Start process make a connection to Load Data (InfoPackage *HW )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;;) -> your 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV -> $FWLYDWH 'DWD6WRUH 'DWD. You will create a process variant for activating DataStore Object Data ($&7,9$7(B2'6B'%:(B;; ). Also bring in an option to &OHDU WKH 36$ 5HTXHVW GDWD and include this at the beginning of the Process Chain. Activate the process chain. Now execute the Process Chain in order to execute the load of your flat file data into the DataStore object in one go. Then switch to the log view to see the details of the run. Go back to the Modeling tree in the Data Warehousing Workbench. Find the DataStore object and via the Manage function check to find the active data.
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Locate your DataSource =),B'6B;; in the DataSource tree below =7B),/(B'6 (within Application Component =7B'%:(). Create an InfoPackage for the DataSource Get flight data for Group XX . Make no changes to the existing settings in the InfoPackage. Do not execute, but simply save, the InfoPackage. 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-1-3 1-1-4 1-1-5 1-1-6 From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ
Highlight your DataSource =),B'6B;;
Expand nodes =%:B75$,1,1* ! =7B'%:( ! =7B),/(B'6
Select 'DWD6RXUFHV from the Navigator.
In the pop-up window enter InfoPackage Description: *HW IOLJKW GDWD IRU *URXS ;;. Also flag the line containing your DataSource name by pressing the left-most cell on that row. Then press 6DYH (QWHU Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoPackage screen is in fullscreen mode. Note the different tabstrips. You are under 'DWD 6HOHFWLRQ tabstrip initially. No changes are made here.
Select &UHDWH ,QIR3DFNDJH from the right-hand mouse context menu
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Under the ([WUDFWLRQ tabstrip no changes are to be made.
Under the 3URFHVVLQJ tabstrip note that now for this new DataSource type InfoPackages can only load data into the respective PSA table. Under the 6FKHGXOH tabstrip note we will make no changes and we will QRW execute, as we do not want to start the data load now. Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your InfoPackage screen is no longer in fullscreen mode. 6DYH the InfoPackage. Under the 8SGDWH tabstrip we see that we will do a full update.
Press %DFN so that you have a fullscreen view of the Data Warehouse Workbench: Modeling screen, and note that your InfoPackage is now visible in the tree.
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Go to the InfoProvider tree and find the DataStore Object 6LQJOH )OLJKW %RRNLQJV ;; with the technical name =6%.'6;; under InfoArea 7B'%:( and create a transformation with your DataSource =),B'6B;; of Source System ,B(;7(51 as the source of the transformation. Map the fields of the flat file to the corresponding InfoObjects of the DataStore Object. Save and activate the transformation. Then return to the Modeling screen and note the entries now in the tree. 1-2-1 1-2-2 1-2-3 1-2-4 Select ,QIR3URYLGHU from the Navigator. Expand the nodes 7B%: ! 7B%:B&867 ! 7B'%:( Highlight the DataStore Object =6%.'6;; From the right hand mouse context menu select &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ DBW70E 6-123
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A pop-up box &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ appears. Specify Object Type:'DWD6RXUFH DataSource: =),B'6B;; Source System: ,B(;7(51 Map the fields of the flat file to the corresponding InfoObjects of the DataStore Object, as follows (Note that not all of the target structure fields need to be addressed): &$55,' ! $LUOLQH &RGH &211,' ! )OLJKW &RQQHFWLRQ )/'$7( ! )OLJKW 'DWH %22.,' ! %RRNLQJ 1R &86720,' ! &XVWRPHU 1R &8677<3( ! &XVWRPHU 7\SH 602.(5 ! 6PRNHU /8**:(,*+7 ! :HLJKW RI /XJJDJH :81,7 ! 8QLW RI 0HDVXUH ,192,&( ! ,QYRLFH )ODJ &/$66 ! )OLJKW &ODVV )25&85$0 ! %RRNLQJ 3ULFH LQ )& )25&85.(< ! &XUUHQF\ .H\ /2&&85$0 ! 3ULFH RI %RRNLQJ /2&&85.(< ! &XUUHQF\ .H\ IRU 7UDQVDFWLRQ &XUUHQF\ 25'(5B'$7( ! %RRNLQJ 'DWH
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Note that the transformation appears below the DataStore Object. Also a new folder for 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV has been created,
Press 6DYH. Press $FWLYDWH. Press %DFN to return to the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ
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Create the Data Transfer Process for the DataStore Object for a full extraction. Do not execute just Save and Activate. (We will execute later within a process chain). Then return to the Modeling screen and note the entries now in the tree. 1-3-1 1-3-2 Highlight the DataStore Object =6%.'6;;. Select &UHDWH 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV from the right-hand mouse context menu. In the pop-up box &UHDWLRQ 2I 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV select Source of DTP Object Type: 'DWD 6RXUFH DataSource: =),B'6B;; Source System: ,B(;7(51. Press &RQWLQXH (QWHU
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Within the DTP, click into the tabstrip ([WUDFWLRQ and set the Extraction mode to )XOO. Accept other defaults. Click into each of the tabstrips 8SGDWH and ([HFXWH, and accept the given defaults. Do not execute, as we will do this later in a process chain. Press 6DYH and $FWLYDWH.
Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your DTP screen is in fullscreen mode.
Press %DFN to return to the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVH :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ. Expand the 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV to view the new entries.
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We will now create a Process Chain in order to process the InfoPackage and the Data Transfer Process in one go. Leave Modeling and call the Process Chain Definition Menu (563&). Here create a new process chain =7B3&B;; Long Description: /RDG )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;; and enter a Start Process =7B67$57B;; Long description: 6WDUW /RDGLQJ ;; IRU ,PPHGLDWH 6WDUW. 2-1-1 2-1-2 2-1-3 2-1-4 2-1-5 2-1-6 2-1-7 2-1-8 2-1-9 2-1-10 2-1-11 2-1-12 In the command box enter transaction code 563& Press ([LW to leave the Data Warehousing Workbench
In the screen 0DLQWDLQ 6WDUW 3URFHVV press pushbutton &KDQJH 6HOHFWLRQV Back in the screen ,QVHUW 6WDUW 3URFHVV press 6DYH and then %DFN
Specify Process Variants =7B67$57B;; Long description: 6WDUW /RDGLQJ ;;. Press (QWHU. In the pop-up box 6WDUW 7LPH press pushbutton ,PPHGLDWH and then press 6DYH
In the pop-up box ,QVHUW 6WDUW 3URFHVV press &UHDWH
In the pop-up box specify Process Chain: =7B3&B;; Long Description: /RDG )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;;
Now, within the Process Chain Display Planning View, press &UHDWH )
A pop-up box offers you the choice between Network and Tree display. You will already be familiar with 1HWZRUN GLVSOD\.
The pop-up box ,QVHUW 6WDUW 3URFHVV appears with your Start Process name shown. Press &RQWLQXH (QWHU The Start Process appears on the canvas
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We will now complete the steps to build the Process Chain. From the Start process make a connection to Load Data (InfoPackage *HW )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;;) -> your 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV -> $FWLYDWH 'DWD6WRUH 'DWD. Also bring in an option to &OHDU WKH 36$ 5HTXHVW GDWD and include this at the beginning of the Process Chain. Activate the process chain. 2-2-1 2-2-2 2-2-3 Switch to the Process Step Overview by pressing the pushbutton 3URFHVV 7\SHV. Expand the node /RDG 3URFHVV DQG 3RVW3URFHVVLQJ. Highlight ([HFXWH ,QIR3DFNDJH and drag and drop it onto the canvas. When the pop-up ,QVHUW ([HFXWH ,QIR3DFNDJH appears select your InfoPackage. You can search by entering your InfoPackage text *HW )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;; in the find dialog (Binoculars icon). When you see the InfoPackage appear in the list select it with &RS\ (QWHU. The InfoPackage name will then appear in the Insert Execute InfoPackage pop-up. Press &RQWLQXH (QWHU The system offers the InfoPackage and the Data Transfer Process execution in combination, which makes sense in this case. Arrange the steps on the canvas in sequence in order to design the start of the load. Link the 6WDUW process to /RDG 'DWD via the right-hand mouse context menu from Start, so you have a series like this: 6WDUW ! /RDG 'DWD ! 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URF
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From the menu on the left expand the node 'DWD 7DUJHW $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ, and choose $FWLYDWH 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW 'DWD to drag and drop it onto the canvas. The system offers you the chance to select or create such a step. Press Create. Enter $&7,9$7(B2'6B'%:(B;; as the Process Variant and Description. You will be taken into the screen 3URFHVV 0DLQWHQDQFH $FWLYDWH 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW 'DWD. In here use the selector (F4) to select 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW as the Object Type. Then in the field Object name use the selector (F4) to select DataStore Object =6%.'6;; (Single Flight Bookings XX) and press Enter (Transfer Selections). Back in the screen 3URFHVV 0DLQWHQDQFH $FWLYDWH 'DWD6WRUH 2EMHFW 'DWD now press 6DYH and %DFN. In the pop-up window Insert Activate DataStore Object Data press &RQWLQXH (QWHU to accept the inserted value ($&7,9$7(B2'6B'%:(B;;). If a pop-up 'LVSOD\ 0RUH &KDLQV is offered where you are asked if you want other chains to be displayed on the maintenance screen too, press 1R. DBW70E 6-125
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If a pop-up appears for you to select an InfoPackage, search for yours by entering your InfoPackage text *HW )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;; in the find dialog (Binoculars icon) and double-click the line to select it. Connect the new step to activate the DataStore data to the predecessor step - the Data Transfer Process. On the 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URF step use the right-hand mouse context menu and select &RQQHFW :LWK ! 'DWD6WRUH GDWD ! $&7,9$7(B2'6B'%:(B;;. An $FWLRQ pop-up appears select the option VXFFHVVIXO, and press 7UDQVIHU (QWHU We will also include the option to clear the PSA at the very beginning of the Process Chain. Under 2WKHU %: 3URFHVVHV from the left-hand menu, choose 'HOHWLRQ RI 5HTXHVWV IURP WKH 36$ and drag and drop this onto the canvas. The pop-up box appears ,QVHUW 'HOHWLRQ RI 5HTXHVWV IURP 36$. Press &UHDWH. Specify - Process Variants: 36$B'(/B;; Long Description: 'HOHWH 6)/,*+7 36$ *URXS ;;. Press &RQWLQXH (QWHU. By using the VHOHFWRU ), specify Object Type: 36$ 7DEOH Object Name: select the PSA table for your DataSource by entering and then selecting from the subsequent window your DataSource name =),B'6B;; The PSA technical name will be provided by the system and shown as the Object Name is visible in the cell on the main screen. Now press 6DYH and then %DFN. The pop-up ,QVHUW 'HOHWLRQ RI 5HTXHVWV IURP 36$ is offered with your deletion process step name. Press &RQWLQXH (QWHU.
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Ensure that the Load Data step follows on from the PSA Deletion. On the link between the 6WDUW process and the /RDG 'DWD process, select the context menu option 5HPRYH /LQN to remove any link from the Start process to Load Data process. Via the 'HOHWH 36$ 5HTXHVW context menu select &RQQHFW :LWK ! /RDG 'DWD ! *HW )OLJKW 'DWD IRU *URXS ;;. Select the option VXFFHVVIXO in the $FWLRQ IRU pop-up. Your sequence of process steps should be as follows: Start -> Delete PSA Request -> Load Data -> Data Transfer Process -> Activate DataStore Data. Now press $FWLYDWH to activate the process chain.
Insert the PSA Deletion at the beginning of your Process Chain. Click on the 6WDUW process, and select using the right-hand mouse context menu &RQQHFW :LWK ! 'HOHWH 36$ 5HTXHVW ! 'HOHWH 6)/,*+7 36$ *URXS ;; If the $FWLRQ IRU pop-up box appears select the option VXFFHVVIXO
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Now execute the Process Chain in order to execute the load of your flat file data into the DataStore object in one go. Then switch to the log view to see the details of the run. 2-3-1 2-3-2 2-3-3 Press 6FKHGXOH ). Assign Priority: 6WDQGDUG 3ULRULW\ &. Press 7UDQVIHU (QWHU. Press /RJ 9LHZ (scroll icon) to see the details of the run. In the date selection pop-up choose 7RGD\, and press 7UDQVIHU (QWHU. If a pop-up appears concerning Status Change press <HV. Your process will appear on the list as not yet finalized. Press the Refresh (F2) button from time to time, until finally the process is finished successfully.
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Go back to the Modeling tree in the Data Warehousing Workbench. Find the DataStore object and via the Manage function check to find the active data. 2-4-1 2-4-2 Press ([LW to return to the 6$3 (DV\ $FFHVV PHQX. Select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ. Select ,QIR3URYLGHU. Find your DataStore object under 7B%:( which is under 7B%:B&867 within 7B%:. Highlight the DataStore Object =6%.'6;; and select 0DQDJH. Keep pressing ([LW until you return to the 6$3 (DV\ $FFHVV menu. Under the Contents tab press pushbutton $FWLYH GDWD and then press ([HFXWH to find the data.
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Create a VirtualProvider Based on Data Transfer Process for Direct Access, and read the remote data via the VirtualProvider
InfoProviders may be created where the structure is created in the BI system but the data is remote. You may still read this data via the InfoProvider on the BI. You will learn how to build the appropriate type of InfoProvider and the other necessary steps to achieve this
1RWH ,Q WKH LQVWUXFWLRQV EHORZ UHSODFH ;; ZLWK WKH JURXS QXPEHU JLYHQ E\ WKH LQVWUXFWRU 1-1 Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the InfoProvider tree. Create a new InfoCube within the InfoArea 7B'%:( which is under 7B%:B&867 (under 7B%:). The InfoCube should be named 5$,&B;; and copied from existing InfoCube 30B5$,&. It should be a 9LUWXDO3URYLGHU %DVHG RQ 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV IRU 'LUHFW $FFHVV :LWK ,QIR6RXUFH [ 30B5$,6. Have a look at the structure of the InfoCube, which you will leave unchanged. Activate the InfoCube. Then find it in the InfoProvider Tree with all related objects. Create a transformation for the new InfoCube 5$,&B;;. The Source of the transformation should be InfoSource 30B5$,6. A transformation is proposed which meets your needs, so you will leave it unchanged. Check, Save and Activate the transformation. Then find it in the InfoProvider tree with the related objects. Create a data transfer process (for Direct Access) for the InfoCube and accept the defaults Now activate direct access Check data belonging to your InfoCube
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1RWH ,Q WKH LQVWUXFWLRQV EHORZ UHSODFH ;; ZLWK WKH JURXS QXPEHU JLYHQ E\ WKH LQVWUXFWRU 1-1 Go to the Data Warehousing Workbench for Modeling and find the InfoProvider tree. Create a new InfoCube within the InfoArea 7B'%:( which is under 7B%:B&867 (under 7B%:). The InfoCube should be named 5$,&B;; and copied from existing InfoCube 30B5$,&. It should be a 9LUWXDO3URYLGHU %DVHG RQ 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV IRU 'LUHFW $FFHVV :LWK ,QIR6RXUFH [ 30B5$,6. Have a look at the structure of the InfoCube, which you will leave unchanged. Activate the InfoCube. Then find it in the InfoProvider Tree with all related objects. 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-1-3 1-1-4 1-1-5 1-1-6 1-1-7 1-1-8 From the SAP Easy Access menu select 0RGHOLQJ ! 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK ! 0RGHOLQJ If you get a pop-up message about documentation select the check box to not show the question again and press <HV Expand the nodes 7B%: ! 7B%:B&867 Highlight the InfoArea 7B'%:(
Specify InfoCube: 5$,&B;; Description: 5HPRWH $FFHVV ,QIR&XEH *URXS ;; From: 30B5$,& Type: 9LUWXDO3URYLGHU %DVHG RQ 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV IRU 'LUHFW $FFHVV
The pop-up window (GLW ,QIR&XEH appears
On right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH ,QIR&XEH Copy
:LWK ,QIR6RXUFH [ 30B5$,6 Press &UHDWH ) 1-1-9 1-1-10 1-1-11 1-1-12
Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your (GLW ,QIR&XEH screen is in fullscreen mode Press Back to return to the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ Note that the InfoCube appears in the tree display with related objects Look at the structure, make no changes, then press $FWLYDWH
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Create a transformation for the new InfoCube RAIC_XX. The Source of the transformation should be InfoSource 30B5$,6. A transformation is proposed which meets your needs, so you will leave it unchanged. Activate the transformation. Then find it in the InfoProvider tree with the related objects. 1-2-1 1-2-2 1-2-3 Highlight your new InfoCube 5$,&B;;
On right-hand mouse context menu choose &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ
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Select +LGH6KRZ 1DYLJDWRU so that your transformation screen is in
A pop-up window appears &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ . Specify - Source of the Transformation Object Type: ,QIR6RXUFH Name: 30B5$,6 Press &UHDWH 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ (QWHU fullscreen mode
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Press Back to return to the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ Note that the transformation appears in the tree display with related objects.
Create a data transfer process (for Direct Access) for the InfoCube and accept the defaults 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-3-3 1-3-4 1-3-5 1-3-6 1-3-7 Highlight the folder 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV that appears below your InfoCube 5$,&B;; in the tree. Note that the DTP Type is set to '73 IRU 'LUHFW $FFHVV Select from the context menu &UHDWH 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVV
Accept the following defaults Target Object type: ,QIR&XEH Name: 5$,&B;; Source of DTP Object Type: 'DWD6RXUFH DataSource: =066B'6B Source System: =066B. In the Change Data Transfer Process screen look at the details under each of the tabstrips ([WUDFWLRQ, 8SGDWH and ([HFXWH Press %DFN to return to the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ. Note that details of the Data Transfer Process are visible now in the tree. Press $FWLYDWH
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Now activate direct access 1-4-1 1-4-2 Highlight the InfoCube 5$,&B;;. On the context menu select $FWLYDWH 'LUHFW $FFHVV. In the pop-up window that appears check under the tabstrip 'DWD 7UDQVIHU 3URFHVVHV to see that your Data Transfer Process is assigned. Select this line by pressing the leftmost cell and then press 6DYH $VVLJQPHQWV.
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The window will close, returning you to the screen 'DWD :DUHKRXVLQJ :RUNEHQFK 0RGHOLQJ
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Check data belonging to your InfoCube 1-5-1 1-5-2 1-5-3 1-5-4 1-5-5 1-5-6 Highlight the InfoCube 5$,&B;;. On the context menu select Display Data. In the main data target browser screen select the pushbutton Field Selection for Output Choose several fields from the list, eg &XVWRPHU 0DWHULDO &DOHQGDU 'D\. Press ([HFXWH. Then press ([HFXWH again when back in the main data target browser screen. Accept any system pop-up messages. Data should now be displayed. Keep pressing %DFN until you return to the 6$3 (DV\ $FFHVV menu.
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The BI Administration Cockpit supports system administration with regard to status monitoring and performance optimization. You can use the new technical Content, on which the BI Administration Cockpit is based, to create additional evaluations and reports. The technical Content has been enhanced in the following areas: Complete redesign of query runtime statistics Enhancement of data-load statistics to include statistics for process chains and data transfer processes Current data-load status of process chains and processes Current status of loaded requests
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The information as to whether statistic data is collected for an object no longer depends on the InfoProvider. Instead, it depends on those objects for which the data is collected, which means on a query, a workbook or a Web template. The associated settings are maintained in the RSDDSTAT transaction.
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The query runtime statistics are updated to other detailed tables, offering a more exact evaluation. As a result, the following InfoCubes for statistics are obsolete as of NW 2004s: 0BWTC_C02 and 0BWTC_C03. Statistics that you created before the upgrade can still be evaluated with these InfoCubes, while the new InfoProviders are only available for query-runtime statistics that are generated afterupgrading to NW 2004s. There is no provision for migrating old statistics into the new InfoCubes.
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The new InfoProviders are: For more highly aggregated query-runtime statistics: 0TCT_C01, 0TCT_VC01 and 0TCT_MC01 (These replace InfoCube 0BWTC_C02) For more detailed query-runtime statistics: 0TCT_C02, 0TCT_VC02 and 0TCT_MC02 (These replace InfoCube 0BWTC_C02) For data manager statistics: 0TCT_C03, 0TCT_VC03 and 0TCT_MC03 (These replace InfoCube 0BWTC_C03) For data-load statistics of process chains and processes: 0TCT_C21, 0TCT_VC21 and 0TCT_MC21 For data-load statistics of data transfer processes: 0TCT_C22, 0TCT_VC22 and 0TCT_MC22 For data-load statistics of InfoPackages: 0TCT_C23, 0TCT_VC23 and 0TCT_MC23 These deliver essentially the same information as InfoCube 0BWTC_C05 but they use the new InfoObjects. The remaining new InfoProviders also use the new InfoObjects. For the current data-load status of process chains and processes: 0TCT_VC11 and 0TCT_MC11 For the current status of requests loaded to InfoProviders, InfoObjects that have been updated flexibly, and PSA tables: 0TCT_VC11 and 0TCT_MC11
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For data-load statistics of process chains and processes: 0TCT_C21, 0TCT_VC21 and 0TCT_MC21 For data-load statistics of data transfer processes: 0TCT_C22, 0TCT_VC22 and 0TCT_MC22 For data-load statistics of InfoPackages: 0TCT_C23, 0TCT_VC23 and 0TCT_MC23 These deliver essentially the same information as InfoCube 0BWTC_C05 but they use the new InfoObjects. The remaining new InfoProviders also use the new InfoObjects.
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For the current data-load status of process chains and processes: 0TCT_VC11 and 0TCT_MC11 For the current status of requests loaded to InfoProviders, InfoObjects that have been updated flexibly, and PSA tables: 0TCT_VC11 and 0TCT_MC11
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When data volumes increase, when numbers and sophistication of users increases, the challenges to maintaining consistently good query performance can be daunting. There are several factors naturally contributing to the accelerating growth of data: Enterprise Data Warehousing, where often very detailed historical data is stored on a long-term basis Retail, Point-of-Sale data flowing into SAP systems RFID (Radio Frequency technologies), large data volumes The mass deployment of SAP BI web applications as content in corporate portals
Maintaining Consistently good query performance is an ongoing challenge: Administration costs can be high: performance and administration team time and effort, as well as expertise required. Also, the processing costs for performance-related maintenance jobs can be high in some cases as well.
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These methods are all known from earlier BI releases.
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Aggregates use the same Star Schema design that cubes use Aggregates do not contain ALL data from InfoCubes, thus they cannot replace InfoCubes. Aggregates are for InfoCubes what indexes are for database tables When a query is executed or query navigation takes place, the OLAP Engine splits the request into several database queries. The system then looks for the best possible aggregate for each of the database queries. An easy way to conceptualize an aggregate is to think of it as providing a similar benefit as adding an additional index to a database table. Aggregates require no special knowledge by the end-user, as they are completely transparent. The only way an end-user might recognize the existence of an aggregate is by the performance gain that is observed. You can only create aggregates for BasicCubes. You do not have to create aggregates for MultiProviders because the system splits up a MultiProvider query into subqueries for the individual sub-InfoCubes. How many aggregates do you need? You have to decide which aggregates you need. To ensure good performance: Pre-calculate aggregates for main queries and reports; Restrict scope and frequency of reporting. This is a trade-off between flexibility and performance. You cannot create aggregates for all possible queries. Thus, the typical strategy is to build somewhat general aggregates that more queries can utilize, but the performance benefit per query is less significant
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Terminology: 75(; DQG %, $FFHOHUDWRU y TREX : Search and classification engine, mainly for unstructured data y BI Accelerator is built using TREX technology (indexing, retrieving, compression ...) to handle structured data y Note: BI Accelerator and TREX are two different installations - The BI Accelerator cannot be used for standard KMC functionality - A TREX installation cannot be used as a BI accelerator - Inside info: technically there is a lot of commonality but TREX-BI Accelerator role switching is not supported ,QGH[ y BI Accelerator index: Structure containing replicated data and indexes (one index per table) that represents the BI star schema for the BI Accelerator y Indexing: Transfer of InfoCube data to the BI Accelerator server and processing and compressing it into the BI Accelerator index
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Only one BI Accelerator server can be used for each BI system. This is because the master data tables stored in the BI Accelerator server can be used by multiple BI Accelerator indexes. However, this does not work if the data is distributed across various BI Accelerator servers. However, various BI systems can store their data on the same BI Accelerator server and access it there as long as there is enough room on the server. It is thus not necessary for each BI system in the productive landscape to have its own BI Accelerator server. The system ID is used to keep the indexes separate. %, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[ A BI accelerator index contains all the data of a BI InfoCube in a compressed but not aggregated format. The BI accelerator index stores the data at the same level of granularity as the InfoCube. It consists of several, possibly split indexes that correspond to the tables of the enhanced star schema and a logical index which, depending on the star schema description, contains the metadata of the BI accelerator index.
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BI accelerator is used to improve the read performance of BI queries on InfoCubes. It enables quick access to any data with a low amount of administrative effort and is especially useful for sophisticated scenarios with unpredictable query types, high data volume and high frequency of queries.
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The benefits of the approach may be summarised as being scalable, fast and predictable.
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The administrator in the background will be able to switch servers on or off at will to scale the landscape to suit the current load. The BI Accelerator is predictable in that any requests that you send for data will get a response back in a reasonable time and in a time that is very similar each time you make the same request. This is in contrast to previous BI releases running on a relational database, where response times varied strongly depending omn whether a pre-existing aggregate was available for that query or not or whether the attribute had been cached etc.
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The BI Accelerator server is a specific part of the server for the SAP NetWeaver Search and Aggregation Engine (TREX). The data from the BI InfoCube is located in the BI Accelerator index in a compressed but not aggregated form. This means that the BI Accelerator index contains the data in the same granularity as the InfoCube. With an active BI Accelerator index, BI queries do not read the data from the database; instead they read it from the BI Accelerator server. Thus strategies for faster reads of data such as those in the first part of the slide will not normally be so essential. You can continue to also have relational aggregates for an InfoCube for which you have created a BI accelerator index. However, since queries always access the BI accelerator index first, this modeling is not worthwhile.
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A BI Accelerator index is a redundant data store of a BI InfoCube on the BI Accelerator server. The BI Accelerator server is a specific part of the server for the SAP NetWeaver Search and Aggregation Engine (TREX). With the new %,$ LQGH[ PDLQWHQDQFH ZL]DUG you can create, activate, fill and delete BI Accelerator indexes.
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,QLWLDO 6HWWLQJV Communication between the BI system and the BI accelerator server takes place using RFC modules. In order to connect a BI accelerator server to the BI system, first you have to maintain the following settings for the RFC destination: Set up the RFC destination for the BI accelerator server (transaction SM59) Set the RFC destination for the BI accelerator server (transaction RSADMIN, the parameter HPA RFC Destination has to correspond to the above RFC destination)
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Roll-up and change run procedures will be involved with the BI Accelerator and there are similarities to those processes concerning aggregates on the relational database. With BI accelerator indexes you do not have to compress after rolling up data packages. The data on the BI accelerator server already exists in a read-optimized format. Because, like aggregates, BI accelerator indexes are affected by changes to master data, they are also affected by hierarchy/attribute change runs. If an InfoCube that forms the basis of a BI accelerator index is later compressed or data is deleted from it, we recommend that you rebuild the BI accelerator index.
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The goal for BI Accelerator is zero administration!
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The BI Accelerator monitor is used for technical administration and maintenance of the BI Accelerator. It provides an overview of the current status of the BI accelerator. The results of the consistency checks are displayed. These checks run periodically on the BI accelerator. If problems occur, the system automatically suggests appropriate actions. These actions involve BI Accelerator repair functions, which can be used to solve problems. To be able to estimate the status of the BI Accelerator quickly, there is a TXLFN RYHUYLHZ IXQFWLRQ for the BI Accelerator monitor that summarizes the most important check results. The detailed BI Accelerator monitor offers a detailed, technical overview of the hardware, BI Accelerator services, any trace files that may exist and the BI Accelerator indexes. You are in the Administration functional area of the Data Warehousing Workbench. In the navigation window, choose Monitors BI Accelerator Monitor. The quick overview of the BI accelerator monitor appears. Or You are in transaction RSDDV, in the BI accelerator index maintenance. From the menu, choose *RWR %,$ 0RQLWRU. The quick overview of the BI accelerator monitor appears.
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A query on a MultiProvider is deconstructed internally into sub-queries. These are processed in parallel by default. In most cases parallel processing has benefits in terms of performance. However, in some cases sequential processing can be more advantageous for query performance. You are able to switch parallel processing for a MultiProvider off in the RSADMIN table. You can switch off parallel processing for a query on a MultiProvider in the 4XHU\ 0RQLWRU. Settings can be made for the field partitioning type: 0 No Partitioning 1 Partitioning in Groups 2 Partitioning in Groups BasicCubes separate 3 Every Provider separate
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The change run, rollup, condensing and checking up multiple aggregates can be executed in parallel. Parallelization takes place using the aggregates. The parallel processes are continually executed in the background, even when the main process is executed in the dialog. This can considerably decrease execution time for these processes. You can determine the degree of parallelization and determine the server on which the processes are to run and with which priority. Parallelization of the change run according to SAP Note 534630 is obsolete and is no longer being supported.
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Selective Deletion Deleting in partitions System automatically detects a database partition which matches a subset of the records to be deleted Scenario: you archive a group of records and expect performance improvement by dropping complete partitions Recommendation: use this flag for large data sets; for small sets the selective deletion might work faster than the initial check for partitions
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Repartitioning - with SAP NetWeaver 2004s, the repartitioning of InfoCubes and DataStore objects on the database that are already filled is supported. Scenario: after the initial partitioning, you require additional partitions and you want to merge early partitions after archiving data
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This lesson will cover the following topics: Lifecycles of data and information Archiving requirements in the data warehousing area Benefits of modern near-line storage concepts in the data warehouse environment Enhanced archive solutions for the new SAP NW releases using specific linking of partner
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ILM is mentioned very often nowadays. Everyone is talking about ILM. What is the definition? A number of people have only a partial view. Some say it is not only a product, some say it is not only software, a tool.
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Other people as well as SAP are thinking the same thing. See the statement from the CEO of a major German bank. There is a distinction between information and data in this statement.
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Here we have a list of challenges/problem areas driving the ILM discussion. Amongst the technological innovations is NLS Near-Line Storage.
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Starting in ERP an entity, then change docs. Next layer is the extract layer we will need to extract data for BI. In BI the data model is different it is Multidimensional. The EDW layer consists of DSOs for example. There we see what is happening in ERP layer. Above that we can have operational reporting. Where we see Cubes we have multidimensional objects for strategic analysis. On top of that we could do data mining or business planning. As you go up, the aggregation level increases, and granularity decreases. This is what the information lifecycle is about. We need to understand which layers/models are affected? What is the typical data flow for a document ? for master data. etc?
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We see above the archiving requirements for the various layers. In the BI layer EDW is the persistent inbound horizon: data is highly granular. We want to have this data directly available for ad-hoc analysis, data mining purposes etc So we need archiving the data volume will increase very fast. Above that direct availability is required here as well an additional challenge for archiving processes.
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The findings such as the above are driving the ILM discussion very strongly.
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The increasing data volume is not only an issue of hardware costs consider memory, software too; but also environmental and personnel costs etc.
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With a fundamental ILM strategy it is possible to increase the volumes, reduce resource consumption, enable greater availability and speed up both data loading and querying.
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It is important to distinguish between frequently accessed data and infrequently accessed data.
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Think over and categorize your information according to its importance. For each category (frequency of data being read) we can suggest an appropriate storage.
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We will consider the latest NLS Strategies in SAP NW 2004s. The basic idea is that the access frequency for data decreases over time the older the data gets, the more infrequently used it is. Therefore NLS is aiming to fill the gap between online memory and classical offline archives. It will have direct SQL access, unlike classical offline archives which are not directly accessible. You must decide which are the appropriate device categories for your environment which performance quality do you want to accept?
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In SAP BW 3.x archived data had to be loaded into the BI database for analysis purposes. Note the red curve access frequency is at zerpo when in the archive. In the future data will always be accessible if it is in Online database or if in NLS. Consider the curve. Costs for storing historic data can be reduced. There is a physical decoupling of frequently and not so frequently accessed data.
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Frequently used data remains in the database. Rarely used data is brought to the NLS devices. In the slide above non-archived means data in the database. Archived is used here to mean in NLS. Intelligent data acess the data manager of BI must know where the data resides. The mentioned partners will certify their products against our NLS interface
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This is the entire story on NLS. The main feature of the NLS interface is that data archiving processes or data transfer processes can be defined to bring data from the BI database to teh NLS environment - or vice-versa. The data archiving process has split the data volume of the cube into two parts. If you run a query on it the data manager has to decide if the data that your query wants to see resides on the database or in the NLS environment. The high-level index is very important in this context. It works transparently as far as the user is concerned. Overall we reduce data volumes but we do not lose data accessibility.
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For both types of InfoProvider you define a data archiving process process steps that can be scheduled and be part of a process chain. You can choose an archive type. Which data is defined via the selection schema. When it is defined archive via this data archiving process using the process chain. Then when you run a query on the cube you can choose additional query properties ie Nearline Storage Should Be Read As Well . You should know that data in this cube has been archived and you must switch this flag on.
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We see the NLS Interface on right. There are two technical realizations for that the partner solution could be ABAP based. Web services should also be available . We see also there is a connection to SAP ADK. Bringing an ADK file to NLS will involve a compression mechanism. Special indices will be built up so that the SQL access can then be managed.
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The processes are very complex. Archiving and deletion from the database must run in one LUW. We do not want to have duplicate data hence need for roll-back.
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Now we know what a data archiving process is we can apply the policy. When implemented we know how to realize ie then connect BI to the partner system and schedule/monitor the data archiving processes.
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We will now consider archiving scenarios. Now the PSA is only to guarantee load quality the first persistent data layer is the EDW layer.It is the historical foundation for remodeling and reloading.
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How to define the data archiving process? The above slide shows the step to initiate it.
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How to define the query properties? As mentioned in an earlier slide this is a flag to set in the Query Properties.
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Here are the query properties provided by transaction RSRV note the flag Nearline Storage Should Be Read As Well .
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How can I load it to a Cube? Here we see the definition of a DTP. If parts of the data reside in an NLS environment and we want to take that data with the DTP as well, we define an Extraction mode Full with NLS. So that data is available for data load processes.
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Looking at the other persistent BI layers (analysis horizons) above the EDW layer we may be working with high-volume data sets. The three layers then are also candidates for ILM strategy resulting in a connection to NLS.
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So far we have given a recommendation to use MultiProviders. To use them efficiently we may have said as here - use 4 InfoCubes eg one cube holding data for a year. This is a form of logical partitioning. The oldest data (one on left shown here) could be a candidate for archive.
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So how might it look in SAP NW 2004s We could have more data in one cube

Via data archiving , and a NLS, everything older than 3 years is brought to NLS device at year end Therefore schedule this archiving every 1 Jan and everything older than 2 years is written to an archive Automatically the data for the new year is populated into the cube Data for three years in one cube should not be a problem with BI Accelerator Thus this could be a replacement for the logical partitioning working with MultiProviders as suggested previously.
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Have a look at your data growth. Your data volumes may be projected similar to those in the graph.
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As a summary these are the steps as to how we can achieve increasing volumes, more effective use of resources, increase of availability and performance optimization with the help of an Information Lifecycle Management strategy.
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An example to see which data records will be updated into the error stack. There is an assumption that one record is marked red in a custom-developed transformation routine and the key of the error stack is the order number. So if the second record is supposed to be incorrect, then the next record (03) which has the same key (order number=1000) as the second record, then the second and third records will be updated into the error stack.
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Another case where there are more requests. The example is the same as the first example - the second record will be updated into the error stack. The second request has all records correct, but because the first request is wrong, all records in the second request which have the order number 1000 will be updated into the error stack.
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After 3 minutes the daemon kicks in and checks to see ifg there is new data in the delta queue. There it finds records 4 and 5. The next data load cycle starts at 3:14. The data is processed in the same way in the PSA we see records 4 and 5 there. It is flagged in the source system and in the confirmation table.
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The request is closed either die to the number of records in the DSO (there are 5 records there in our example) or if a certain time has been exceeded. We could define in the InfoPackage that a request be closed every day. As the request is closed the confirmation table is cleared, and therefore step 1 is completed. The opening of the next request request 2 is not within this process. That will happen when the daemon initiates the next data load cycle and calculates that it needs a request to write the data to.
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In this Appendix further details are given of the BI Accelerator.
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To create a BI Accelerator index : Either Within the Data Warehousing Workbench in the 0RGHOLQJ functional area, in the navigation window, choose ,QIR3URYLGHU and in the InfoProvider tree, navigate to the InfoCube whose queries you want to optimize. In the context menu of the InfoCube choose 0DLQWDLQ %, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[. The %, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[ 0DLQWHQDQFHscreen appears.
Or (Access from Transaction RSDDV) On the $JJUHJDWH%, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[ 0DLQWHQDQFH 6HOHFW ,QIR&XEH screen (transaction RSDDV), choose the InfoCube you require. Choose %, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[. The %, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[ 0DLQWHQDQFH screen appears. The user interface draws on the maintenance of relational aggregates: In the left side of the screen, the system displays ,QIR&XEHV IRU %, $FFHOHUDWRU ,QGH[HV with dimensions, characteristics and navigation attributes in a tree structure. Unlike the procedure with aggregates, it is not necessary to make specific selections and restrictions for the definition of the BI accelerator index. Instead, there is only one BI accelerator index for each InfoCube. This BI accelerator index contains all the data from the InfoCube. Select the InfoCube you require and choose &UHDWH.
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To use a BI accelerator index for an InfoCube when you execute a query, you first have to activate it and then fill it with data The system performs the following steps in order to create an index on the BI accelerator server and make the data visible. The name of the index is generated from the 6\VWHP ,' and 7DEOH 1DPH: <<system ID>>_<<table name>>. The system deletes the first forward slash from the table name and replaces the second with a colon. &UHDWH: For a table, the system creates the index on the BI accelerator server in accordance with the table properties. The system also determines how many parts the index is to be split into, depending on the present size of the table. ,QGH[: The data is transferred and written to a temporary file on the BI Accelerator server. 3UHSDUH RSWLPL]H: The data in the temporary file is formatted (compressed, coded and so on) as required for search and aggregation. Depending on how the index is distributed, this step can take longer than the indexing step. &RPPLW RSWLPL]H: The previously optimized data is made visible. If you perform rollback for an index, the system rolls back the data to the last commit optimize.
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The %, $FFHOHUDWRU VHUYHU is a TREX system as an installation of a BI accelerator engine. The data of the BI InfoCube is kept and processed entirely in the main memory of the BI accelerator server. The %, $FFHOHUDWRU HQJLQH is the part of the analytics engine that manages the BI accelerator index. This software allows the system to read data from the BI accelerator index, add data to the BI accelerator index, or change data. The %, $FFHOHUDWRU RSWLPL]HU is the part of the BI accelerator engine that ensures the best possible read access to a BI accelerator index.
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