History Revision Website Links

Introduction The IGCSE Germany History section of the paper requires students to study events during 1918 1945. In this revision site, you will be able to learn about the end of World War One, the Treaty of Versailles and how many other events affected and leaded to Hitler becoming the Fhrer of Germany. This revision site will also enable students to learn more about how to answer questions during the exam the timing and the essential points needed in each answer. A visual timeline will also be available on the website. Last but not lease, good luck on your exam!

Germany is now Europes largest economy and second most populous nation. Much technological a However, during the 20th century, European power struggles have led Germany into fighting in t Germany (hyperlink)

The First World War left Germany as a poor county with no strong state of government or any leading powers. However, the Weimar Republic and Hitlers rule had changed Germany, transforming it into a powerful state. However, the Second World War left the country occupied by the Allies (US, UK, France, USSR). Because of the Cold War between the USSR and the US, Germany was split into two states West Germany and East Germany. The Berlin Wall separated the two states. The western federal republic was democratic, and promised its people social security and a rising economy, whilst the leaders of East Germany became a state under Communist rule. After the end of the Cold War, Germany was allowed to unify in 1990. After German unification, the country has expanded and tried to bring up Eastern Germanys productivity so that it could be similar to West Germany. Germanys global impact is immense. Nowadays, it is not only one of the worlds leading economies, but its culture has also produced Beethoven, Drer, Goethe, Luther, Marx-as well as the brothers Grimm. Its architecture encompasses mountainside castles, timbered Bavarian villages, Roman ruins, Gothic cathedrals and the most modern skyscrapers. Yet with so much cultural diversity,

German citizens are almost uniformly mannerly, law abiding and frank in expressing their own opinions. Munich Putsch(hyperlink) Causes: Hyperinflation was making lives terrible Hitler wanted to make a great impact internationally Hitler knew that Stresemann was going to improve Germanys economy greatly, gaining the Weimar Republic more support Stresemanns government was already fighting opposition parties. Hitler was afraid that he would also get rid of the Nazi party. Events: 8 November 1923 meeting of 3000 officials in a beer hall in Munich. Marched into Munich and claimed that he was in control Hitler burst in with the SA and claimed that he was taking control over Munich scared government officials gave into Hitlers threat Government officials changed their minds captured Hitler All Nazi Officials were arrested and were to stand trial in 1924. Effects: Nazi officials were trailed and Hitler was sentenced to jail Hitler used his trail to get national publicity about his views The NSDAP was banned but later got many votes in the 1924 elections Hitler was released after 9 months In jail, Hitler wrote his book Mein Kampf or My Struggle mapped out political and economic ideas in the Nazi Party Reichstag Fire 27 February 1933 Reichstag building burned down the Nazis blamed the Communist they said that it was the beginning of their uprising. There was evidence that the communists burned down the Reichstag - van der Lubbe, a Dutch communist was in the building with matchs The Nazis could have burned down the Reichstag use to get rid of opposition and to pass the Enabling Act. Hitler said that the Reichstag Fire was a communist conspiracy. He declared a state of emergency so that Hitler can use decrees to govern the country Enabling Act

The Enabling Act 23 March 1933 Passing of the Enabling Act change constitution Opposition parties intimidated by the SA and SS Hitler allowed to make laws for 4 years without consulting Reichstag This is the end of democracy and the end of the Weimar Republics rule Hitler passed laws that turned Germany into a totalitarian state there was no more democracy Hitler (not the Reichstag) made all the laws Some opponents included trade unions they were a potential source of oppositions because communists would have control over workers May 1933 Hitler banned trade unions, striking was illegal. Another opponent would be the Political Parties. July 1933 Law Against Establishment of Parties- make the NSDAP the only political party in Germany. Another opponent would be the Local Government Hitler wanted to strengthen the government in Berlin and wanted to weaken the Weimar Republic Regions (Lnder) had own Parliament abolished Lnder and declared Nazis ran every region