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Panchayats
SDMC
Education under Gram Panchayat Grama Panchayat ( As per the Activity Mapping): 1. Ensure full enrollment of school age children 2. Maintain school buildings and play grounds 3. Exercise vigilance on regular attendance of teachers and students and report to the concerned 4. Campaign for full enrollment and reduction of dropouts 5. Assess the drop out position and initiate appropriate action to reduce it
Allocation to Education
As per 2010-11 link document, plan allocation: Head of Account 2202 For education ( both state and central) Rs. 86,499.58 lakhs ; 17.76 percent of the total allocation For ZP Rs. 71,554.30; 82.72 percent; for TP- Rs.14,945.28 lakhs; 17.28 percent For GPs no allocation has been made
Recent data show that Enrolment of students has declined in rural India,
across all states Even well-performing states such as Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu experiencing this
Table 1- Enrolment in all govt. schools and govt. schools in rural India- Select states (in lakhs)
2007-08
All Govt. Schools All India Rural Govt. Schools
2008-09
All Govt. Schools Rural Govt. Schools
2009-10
All Govt. Schools Rural Govt. Schools
736.33
There is a decline in the reading levels of students in Govt. schools in rural areas
Table 2- Percentage of students in primary classes in Govt. schools who are unable to read- Select states
2008
All India Karnataka Kerala Himachal Pradesh Tamil Nadu 8 5.04 5.6 2.54 10.82
2009
6.9 4.12 1.06 2.11 8.43
2010
7.9 5.8 0.75 2.04 9.5
This decline is due to drawbacks in governance of the different institutions Access to schools is no more a problem in rural areas Main task now is retention of students in school and ensuring learning
Stakeholder Involvement
Stakeholder involvement at the lowest level will generate awareness and interest towards education Existing stakeholders in education
Government/ Panchayat SDMC Teachers
Enhanced stakeholder involvement will help in providing synergy between government and society
Parents Community Members Self-help Groups Civil Society groups and institutions
Stakeholder Involvement
Stakeholder Input To create a learning environment by bringing awareness among the parents and through Makkala Grama Sabhas Scholarships to poor students especially to children belonging to disadvantage groups To create necessary infrastructure by providing drinking water facility, construction of toilets, approach roads, school compound, play ground and security Outcome Motivates parents to send their children to school Good infrastructure encourages students to attend school regularly
Panchayats
SDMC
Train and make aware of duties; Increase role in decision-making for school; not only limit role to monitoring
Give practical and local level solutions to problems faced by the school since they are the most aware of the village level problems/ weaknesses Employ creative methods of teaching; Keep students motivated to learn; Keep parents informed and involved in school system; Should not view parents/ SDMC as threat to their functioning
Teachers
Govt. administration could keep syllabus updated and interesting for students; Civil society institutions could provide training in new methods of teaching;
Parents
Weekly/ monthly involvement of mothers/ one member of group to attend school and observe education process; Sit in classes to see what goes on within the school; so that school system is not elusive anymore Organise campaigns to increase awareness of education in rural areas; Select local representatives from villages to work with community members/ parents; Organise fairs, workshops, sports events to increase awareness in villages
Some Suggestions
As per by-law 2006, SDMC should submit its annual report to Amenities Committee of the Grama Panchayat. There is need to ensure that SDMCs meet regularly, at least once in a month, to discuss school development and monitoring activities There is also need to ensure the tri-monthly meetings of Parents Council SDMCs must present their progress reports in tri-monthly meetings of the Parents Council More importantly, it is also necessary that the Grama Panchayats must constitute Amenities Committee and to hold its meetings regularly
Some Suggestions
Grama Panchayats must organise Makkala Grama Sabhas to discuss problems faced by the students especially to protect their rights. Presence of effective institutional and functional linkages, both horizontally and vertically, would certainly strengthen institutional process to deliver and attain goals such as cent percent enrolment, retention and quality education. All this should result in ensuring transparency and accountability in governing primary education.