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Communications Model
Some material from www.wikipedia.com & http://aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm/page1662.htm#31
Communication
Is a process that allows beings - in particular humans - to exchange information by several methods. Communication requires that some kinds of symbols from a kind of language are exchanged. There are auditory means and nonverbal, physical means.
Nonverbal is
of all Communications
Definition of Nonverbal
Nonverbal communication (NVC) is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. "
Such messages can be communicated through gesture; body language or posture; facial expression and eye contact; object communication such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture; symbols and infographics; prosodic features of speech such as intonation and stress and other paralinguistic features of speech such as voice quality, emotion and speaking style."
Nonverbal continued
Sign languages and writing are generally understood as forms of verbal communication, as both make use of words, although like speech, both may contain paralinguistic elements and often occur alongside nonverbal messages. Nonverbal communication can occur through any sensory channel: sight, sound, smell, touch or taste.!
Haptics
Haptics is the study of touching as nonverbal communication. "
Touches that can be dened as communication include: Handshakes, holding hands, kissing (cheek, lips, hand), back slap, high ve, shoulder pat, brushing arm, etc. Each of these give off nonverbal messages as to the touching person's intentions/feelings. They also cause feelings in the receiver, whether positive or negative."
Facial expressions
Facial expressions are dynamic features which communicate the speakers attitude, emotions, intentions, and so on. The face is the primary source of emotions. During oral communication, facial expressions change continually and are constantly monitored and interpreted by the receiver.
Oculesics
Oculesics is the study of the role of eyes in nonverbal communication. "
Studies have found that people use their eyes to indicate their interest. This can be done through eye contact. For example, when a professor is giving a lecture, a student may communicate disinterest by reading a magazine instead of looking at the professor's presentation. Left sided gestures may indicate negative affect while right sided gestures indicate positive affect." The frequency of eye contact may suggest either interest or boredom or may even betray dishonesty. The direct stare of the speaker can show candour or openness. Downward glances are generally associated with modesty; eyes rolled upwards are conveyed as a sign of fatigue."
Chronemics
Chronemics is the study of the use of time in nonverbal communication. "
The way we perceive time, structure our time and react to time is a powerful communication tool, and helps set the stage for communication. Across cultures, time perception has played a large role in the nonverbal communication process. Time perceptions include punctuality, willingness to wait, and interactions. The use of time affects lifestyles, daily agendas, speed of speech and movements and how long people are willing to listen."
Proxemics
Proxemics
Intimate distance for embracing, touching or whisperingless than 6 inches " Personal distance for interactions among good friends1.5 to 2.5 feet " Social distance for interactions among acquaintances5 to 7 feet" Public distance used for public speaking12 to 25 feet"
Nonverbals in class
When you walked in, did you say hi? Where did you immediately sit when you walked in? Close to door? Back of the room? Slouching or straight up Pointing in toward me or away from me Writing???
Types of Communication
Intrapersonal: The individual becomes his or her own sender and receiver, providing feedback to him or herself in an ongoing internal process. It can be useful to envision
intrapersonal communication occurring in the mind of the individual in a model which contains a sender, receiver, and feedback loop."
Interpersonal: Communication between two people (dyadic). It can also include public
speaking (speaking to a group) and small group communication (group dynamics)."
Equal space gives spatial equalityeveryone has an opportunity to participate in the group
My expectations
You show up every day to learn Nonverbals show that you are part of the class
Pencil/pen/paper Writing down information Body language and answers indicate you are part of the discussion
Verbals are that you can answer and ask questions [handouts]
And that you stay in the class conversation