NAME OF THE DRUG Generic Name: Phenytoin y

DOSAGE/ROUTE

Adult Initially 100 mg tid. Maintenance: 300400 mg daily. Children 6 yr Initially 100 mg tid, subsequent dosage should be adjusted according to therapeutic response, <6 yr 30 mg bid, may be increased to 30 mg tid or qid. Pedia 5 mg/kg/day Initially in 2-3 equally divided doses. Max: 300 mg daily. Maintenance: 4-8 mg/kg/day

Brand Name: Dilantin

INDICATION/ CONTRAINDICATI ONS Action Indication May stabilize neuronal Tonic-clonic & membranes and limit complex partial seizure activity by (psychomotor, either by increasing temporal lobe), efflux or decreasing prevention & influx of Na ions across treatment of seizures cell membrane in the occurring during or motor cortex during following generation of nerve neurosurgery impulses . Contraindication Classification Anticonvulsants

ACTION/CLASSIFI CATION

ADVERSE EFFECTS/ SIDE EFFECTS Adverse Effect GI disturbances; ataxia, slurred speech; diplopia, nystagmus & mental confusion w/ headache, dizziness, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, hyperglycemia, osteomalacia

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIE S y Assess location, duration, frequency, and characteristics of seizure activity. EEG may be onitored periodically throughout therapy, Assess oral hygiene. Vigorous oral cleaning beginning within 10 days of initiation of phenytoin therapy may help control gingival hyperplasia

NAME OF THE DRUG

Generic Name: Protamine Sulfate

DOSAGE/ROUTE

ACTION/CLASSIFI CATION
Action Protamine Sulfate is aweak anticoagulant which acts as a heparin antagonists. Classification Heparin Antagonist

Brand name:

Adults IV 1 mg for each 90 units of heparin derived from lung tissue or 115 units of heparin derived from intestinal mucosa. Because heparin disappears rapidly from circulation, the dose of protamine required decreases rapidly with time following IV injection of heparin. For example, if protamine is administered 30 min after heparin, the usual dose may be sufficient. The dose of protamine should be determined by blood coagulation studies.

INDICATION/ CONTRAINDICATI ONS Indication Protamine Sulfate (protamine (protamines) s) Injection, USP is indicated in the treatment of heparin overdosage.
Contraindication Protamine sulfate (protamine (protamines) s) is contraindicated in patients who have shown previous intolerance to the drug.

ADVERSE EFFECTS/ SIDE EFFECTS Adverse Effect Cardiovascular Hypotension; bradycardia; circulatory collapse. CNS Lassitude. GI Nausea; vomiting. Respiratory Shortness of breath; pulmonary edema; acute pulmonary hypertension. Miscellaneous Anaphylaxis (severe respiratory distress, circulatory collapse, capillary leak, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema); transient flushing and feeling of warmth; back pain.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIE S y Instruct patient to notify health care provider immediately if any bleeding occurs. y Tell patient to report the following symptoms to health care provider: Shortness of breath, dizziness, or swelling. y Advise patient to avoid activities that could damage blood vessels or precipitate bleeding (eg, shaving, vigorous brushing of teeth, ambulation) until risk of hemorrhage has passed