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SYSTEM of the l_ychotomimeticNERVOUSby varying agents overlap in some respects, but Effects of Scopolamine, Lysefgic Acid Diethylamide and that characteristic alterations in mood, thought IN-ethyl-3-pipmldyl Benzylate (JB 318) and behavior are induced by structurany different
Adrian M. Ost#dd, Harold M. Visot,ky and 8tnyamin Z. Lebov/t*. Departments of Prevenlye Medicine and Psychiatry, Researchand ]F, ucational Hospitals, University of lllinois d tege of Medicine, Chicago. This study was undertaken to examine the _otropic effects of these agents and to cornthem. Ten medical students received orally _nistered scopolamine in doses of .5 to 4.5 m_., 25 to 100 t_g. LSD and 5 to 20 mg. JB 318. M each agent were randomly administered _doubb-blind fashion. Effects on mood, thought behavior were assessed by the subjects and I i_yehiala'ist, a psychologist and an internist. technics used to assess these effects were _orded serial interviews, standard sympquestionnaire, Clyde Mood Scale and two _ological tests, the Rorschach and the MinneMultiphasic Personality Inventory. (MMPI), _[ich were administered before, during and after period of drug effect, The most predictable psychotomimetic effect the induction of illusions. "EDto" for this was 3 rag. scopolamine, 100 /_g. LSD and rag. JB 318. At this dose, LSD induced visual in but one subject. Anxiety, sushyperactivity, deep tendon hyperreand slight diminution in recent recall preoccurred. Ten mg. of JB 318 induced and auditory hallucinations in 5 subjects, su_ieionr, ness and hyporretlexia aLso oebut to a lesser degree than following LSD. _ess and diminished recent recall were more pronounced than after l-qD. Three mg. of Nepohmine induced somnolence or sleep. Confusion and disorientation were prominent, with viand hallucinations occurring in 3 subjects, The changes in psychological test performmtce after LSD were compatible with an increase ia isolation, fantasy and bizarre ideation. The mine trends were present but to a lesser extent following JB 318. After scopolamine, there was marked reduction in attention span and recent recall which made for inadequate test performaDce. It is concluded that toxic psychoses induced compounds. Some Effects of Quiaettn on Natural Behavior By Alfred B. IUqstofferson and Robert H. Cormack. Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati. Two experiments are reported concerning the effects of moderate doses of Quiactin on O behavioral variables involved in complex acts such as driving. The behavior measures are similar to those employed by Marquis et al. and include: (1) steadin_s, or total lime off target in a Whippie-type apparatus; (2} rate of tapping during a 5-minute period; (3) accuracy of steering, slow speed; (4) accuracy of steering, fast speed; (5) brake reaction time, slow speed, and (8) brake reaction time, fast speed. The last 4 measures were made with the A.A.A. Autotrainer in two 15-minute periods. Experiment I used 16 subjects in a donbleblind design, with a single 800 mg. dose of Quiactin versus placebo. Each subject served as his own control, counterbalanced, and tests began 50 minutes after taking the tablets. Four conditions comprised Experiment II: (1) no treatment; (9.) 2 oz., 100 proof bourbon whiskey; (3) 400 rag. QuiaclSn 4 times a day for 2 days, last dose 1 hour before testing; and (4) phcebo control on condition(3). Each of the 24 possible _quences of the 4 conditions was assigned at randora to 1 subject. No significant differmaces were obtained in Experiment I, and no trend was found in the pattern of differences. In Experiment 1"1, f the o 6 scores, 4 were "poorer" for alcohol than no treatment, 1 poorer for drug than no treatment and 1 poorer for alcohol than placebo, at a probability level less than .05. As in Experiment I, no trend appeared in the dit_erencm between drug and placebo and no difference approached significance. Under the conditions described herein, performance is impaired no more by Quiaettn than by placebo, while alcohol produces greater impairment than both.