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CHAPTER 8: STATISTICS I AND II

8.1 Pie chart - used for illustration and comparison of different categories of data. For a quantity P, the angle of the sector representing P is Angle of sector = Which data has the highest frequency!!! Mode = 3 8.3 MEDIAN

Frequency of P 360 Total frequency Frequency of P 360

Example 1. The table below shows the number of students living in 4 villages. Village A B C D No. of students 84 112 56 28 Construct a pie chart to show the distribution of students living in the four villages. Answer: Total number of students = 84+112+56+28 = 280 Angle of the sector for village A = Pie Chart
B C

The median is the value which is located in the middle of the set of values that has been arranged in increasing or decreasing order. Example Determine the median from the following sets of data. a. 2, 6, 9, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Re-arrange the numbers in sequence

2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 9 Median = 5 8.4 MEAN

84 360 = 108 280

D

Mean is the sum of all the values divided by the number of data

Mean =

sum of all the values total number of values

When a set of data is given in a frequency table,

Mean = sum of (class mark corresponding frequency) total frequency

Example 8.2. MODE The mode is the most common value or the item with the highest frequency Example Find the mode for the following set of data. a. 2, 1, 3, 2, 5, 3, 2, 5, 6, 3, 3, 4 a. 5, 2, 6, 3, 4, 6, 5, 2, 3
Mean = 5+ 2+ 6+3+ 4+ 6+5+ 2+3 9 36 = 9

= 4

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Subjective Questions I : Example A) A Mathematics quiz is done in a class. Below are the marks obtained by the students from that class. Objective Questions I : 1. How many students are there in that class? A. 12 C. 20 B. 18 D. 24 State the number of students who scored 3 marks only. A. 2 C. 5 B. 4 D. 6 How many students scored the highest marks? A. 4 C. 6 B. 5 D. 7 How many students scored less than 3 marks? A. 2 C. 8 B. 4 D. 12 How many students scored 4 marks and above? A. 5 C. 10 B. 7 D. 12 State the mode of the data. A. 2 C. B. 5 D. 6 7

3 4 2 5 4 2
1.

2 5 1 3 2 5

5 4 5 4 5 3

4 2 3 5 2 1
3. 2.

Complete the frequency table below based on the data above. Mark 1 2 3 4 5 Frequency

4.

5.

6.

2. 3.

How many students scored 4 marks? Draw a pie chart based on the above data.

7.

State the percentage of students who scored 2 marks. A. 3.3 C. 15 B. 8.3 D. 25 How many percent of the students scored more than 3 marks? A. 2 C. 50 B. 5 D. 67 If the passing mark is 3, how many students failed? A. 2 C. 8 B. 6 D. 12

8. 4. Calculate the mean marks.

5.

Construct a bar chart based on the data above. State the median of the above marks.

9.

6.

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10.

State the percentage of failure. A. 10 C. B. 25 D.

A. B. 33 50

2 3

C. D.

4 5

3.

B) Below are the amounts of daily allowance of 10 Students, in RM.

4.

1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2,
Subjective Questions II: 1. 2. 3. State the lowest value in the data. State the mode of the data. Construct a bar chart based on the data. 7. 6.

How many students brought more than RM1 to school? A. 2 C. 5 B. 4 D. 6 Calculate the total allowance brought by all students. A. 6 C. 13 B. 10 D. 17 State the percentage of students who brought RM2. A. 30% C. 50% B. 40% D. 60% State the percentage of students who brought less than RM 2. A. 40% C. 60% B. 50% D. 90% State the percentage of students who brought RM1. 1 A. C. 5 3 5 2 B. D. 5

5.

4.

Calculate the average brought by the students.

allowance

4 5

8.
5. Find the median data.

What is the difference between the mode and the mean of the data above, in RM.

A. B.
Objective Questions II : 1. How many students brought RM 1 to school? A. 1 C. 3 B. 2 D. 4 What is the highest value of the data?

1.5 1.7

C. D.

2.3 4.0

9.

If there is an additional 2 students who brought RM3 each, calculate the new mean, in RM.

A. B. 10.

1.50 1.70

C. D.

1.86 1.92

If the data above is represented in a pie chart, calculate the angle for the RM1 sector.

2.

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A. B.

120 180 144 210

C. D.

8.5 Questions Based on the Examination Format 1. The bar chart shows the number of books sold in 6 months at a book store.
Bilangan Buku 240 200 160 120 80 40 Jan Feb Mac Apr May June

Given that a piece of chocolate cake costs RM0.60, calculate the sale of chocolate cakes on Saturday Number of books Frequency 2 4 3 6 4 5 5 a 6 8

and Sunday. A. RM60 C. RM96 B. RM100 D. RM160 4. The frequency table shows the number of books in

the bags of a group of students. Given that the mode is 6 books, find the greatest possible value of a. A. 5 C. 6 B. 7 D. 8 5. The pictogram shows the number of students who obtained grade A in three history tests. January Mac May represents 6 students The average number of students who scored A in a month is A. 10 C. 18 B. 16 D. 26 6. The pictogram shows the number of pencils owned by Ali, Lim and Bala. Ali

Calculate the percentage of books sold in April. A. 20 C. 24 B. 22 D. 26 2. The table shows the marks obtained by 50 students in a Geography test. Marks No. of Students 0 39 5 40 49 8 50 59 9 60 79 21 80 100 7 Calculate the percentage of students who obtained more than 49 marks. A. 40 C. 60 B. 56 D. 74 3. The line graph shows the sale of chocolate cakes in a week. 100
Sale of chocolate cakes 80 60 40 20 0 M T W T F S S

Statistics I and II

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Lim Bala represents x pencils Find the value of x if the total number of pencils is 36. A. 3 C. 5 B. 4 D. 6 For questions 7 and 8, please refer to the following frequency table. Mass (kg) 50 52 54 56 58 60 Frequency 2 2 6 2 3 5

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7. The median, in kg, is A. 54 C. 56 B. 55 D. 58 8. The mean, in kg, is A. 55.8 C. 56.2 B. 55.7 D. 57.5 9. The bar chart shows the number of coconuts sold by Ahmad in five days.
250 200 150 100 50 0

10.

The total number of boys and girls in the 3 schools is A. 1800 C. 1200 B. 2000 D. 3000

11. The difference in the number of boys and girls in the 3 schools is A. 300 C. 500 B. 400 D. 600 12. The table above shows the scores and their respective frequencies in a match. Scores Frequency 1 2 3 4 5 3 5 8 4 6

What is the mode scores? A. 2 C. 4 B. 3 D. 5 13.

Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri

The pie chart above shows the number of colored balls in a store.
GreenWhite 8 Purple 12 6 10 Black

Calculate the mean number of coconuts sold per day. A. 150 B. 200 C. 240 D. 300

For questions 10 and 11, please refer to the bar chart below.
1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

Calculate the angle of the sector which represents black balls. A. 110 C. 125 B. 100 D. 150 14. Given that the mean for 3, 4, p, 7, 5, 6, 4 and 3 is 5. Find the value of p. A. 5 C. 7 B. 6 D. 8
A B Represents boys Represents girls C Schools

15. The table above shows the scores obtained by a group of students in a match.

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Scores Number of students Find the median score. A. 5 C. 6 B. 5.5 D. 7

2 4 6 8 3 2 3 4

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8.6 Past Year SPM Questions Paper 1

3. The pictograph which shows the number of visitors at an Expo on three particular days. Monday

November 2003 1. The pictograph shows the sale of magazines in a particular week. The number of sports magazines sold is not shown. Fashion Entertainment Sports represents 12 copies of magazines Entertainment magazines make up 25% of the total the sales that week. Calculate the number of sports magazines sold. A B 26 39 C D 84 94

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Represents 150 visitors A total of 5400 visitors were at the Expo over the five days. The number of visitors on Friday was twice the number of visitors on Wednesday. How many visitors were there on Tuesday? A. 1050 C. 1500 B. 1450 D. 2175 4. The table shows the heights of samples of seedlings.
Heights (in cm) No. of seedlings 9 11 5 12 14 6 15 17 10 1820 4

2. The pie chart shows the amount spent on five types of groceries in a shop on a particular day.

40

Calculate the mean height, in cm, of the seedlings. A. 13.06 C. 14.56 B. 13.56 D. 15.56 5.

120

flour m argarine salt sugar

Fishing Reading 72o 144o Drawing Swimming

32

rice

Given that the total spent on these groceries is RM400. The amount spent on margarine is RM 80. Find the ratio of the amount spent on margarine to the amount spent on sugar. A B 1:5 3:4 C D 3: 10 4: 15

Jun 2004

The pie chart shows the hobbies of a group of teenagers. The number of teenagers whose hobby is drawing is 50% of the number whose hobby is swimming. Calculate the ratio of the number of teenagers whose hobby is swimming to the number whose hobby is fishing. A. 2 : 1 C. 3 : 1 B. 2 : 3 D. 4 : 3

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November 2004 6. The bar chart shows the scores of a group of pupils in a test. Number of pupils

July 2005 8. The table shows the marks obtained by a group of 40 pupils in a test.
Marks No. of pupils 50 59 2 60 69 8 70 79 19 80- 89 11

If the pass mark is 60, calculate the percentage of these pupils who passed. A. 20 C. 80 B. 75 D. 95 9. The pictograph shows the number of books sold in three particular days. 1 2 3 4 5 Score Thursday Friday C D 3 2 Saturday Represents x books The mean number of books sold per day is 60 books. Calculate the number of books sold on Saturday. A. 20 C. 105 B. 28 D. 140 10. The table is a cumulative frequency table which shows the height of 50 young plants.
Height (cm) Cumulative Frequency 10 12 4 13 15 16 16 18 34 19 21 44 22 24 50

State the modal score. A B 6 5

7. The pie chart shows the combined results of a test taken by two groups of students. The table shows the results of the groups, but it is incomplete.

FAIL 280
Group Aman Bestari TOTAL

pass

fail

No. of passes 160 420

No. of failures 70

Which of the following is the correct calculation for the mean height of the 50 young plants? A. 340 380

Calculate the number of students in the Bestari Group. A B 300 310 C D

10(4) + 13(12) + 16(18) + 19(10) + 22(6) 50

B. 10 (4) +13 (16 ) +16 (34 ) +19 (44 ) + 22 (50 ) 50 C.

11(4) + 14(12) + 17(18) + 20(10) + 23(6) 50

D. 12 (4) +15 (16 ) +18 (34 ) + 21( 44 ) + 24 (50 ) 50

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November 2005 11. Diagram below is a pictograph which shows the number of fruit trees in an orchard. Durian Rambutan Mangosteen represents 25 trees The ratio of rambutan trees to mangosteen trees is 3 : 2 . Find the number of durian trees and mangosteen trees altogether. A. 225 B. 275 C. 300 D. 400

If 2 is the modal score, the minimum value of k is A. 11 C. 9 B. 10 D. 6 14. Diagram is a bar chart showing the number of candidates who obtained scores 1 to 5 in an achievement test.
Number of Candidates 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 Score

Calculate the mean score. A. 3.0 B. 3.1 November 2006 15. The table below shows the distribution of the scores of a group of pupils in a quiz. Score Frequency 0 2 1 6 2 1 3 1 4 5 5 1 C. 3.5 D. 4.0

12. The frequency table shows the mass of fish caught by 20 fishermen. Mass of fish caught (kg) 11 13 14 16 17 19 20 22 23 - 25 Frequency 7 4 2 2 5

Calculate the mean mass, in kg, of fish caught by a fisherman. A. 16.1 B. 17.1 Jun 2006 13. The frequency distribution shows the scores obtained by a group of pupils in a game. Score Frequency 1 6 2 k 3 9 4 9 5 8 6 6 C. 18.1 D. 20.0

The median score of the distribution is A 1 B 1.5 C 2 D 2.5

16. The diagram below is a pictograph showing the number of eggs sold in January and February. The number of eggs sold in March and April are not shown

January February March April

000000 000000000 0 represents 200 eggs

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A total of 5000 eggs were sold in those four months. The number of eggs sold in March was three times the number of eggs sold in April. The number of eggs sold in March was A 1500 B 2000 C 2250 D 3000

19. SPM Jun 2007, Q28 Diagram 14 is a pie chart showing how Adam uses his income each month. Adams income is RM 3500 per month. Adams saving is RM 350 and he spends 40% of his income on miscellaneous.
Miscellaneous

17. The diagram shows a set of six pieces of data where x represents an integer.

x House
Rent Savings

3, 3, 6, x, x, 3
The mode for the data is 3 and the median is 4. Two new pieces of data, 4 and 7, were put into the set. Calculate the mean for those eight pieces of data. A 4.00 B 4.13 C 4.25 D 4.50

y
Car

Diagram 14

It is given that x : y = 2 : 3 . Find the value of x. A. 72 B. 108 C. 144 D. 216 20. SPM Jun 2007, Q29 Table 2 shows the time duration, in minutes, to colour drawing. Time(minutes) 6 10 11 15 16 20 21 25 26- 30 Frequency 21 60 24 40 55

18. Jun 2007, Q27 Diagram 13 is a pictograph showing the car sales of three companies, R,S and T , in January. R S T represents 5 cars Diagram 13

The total sales in February were an increase of 40% from the total sales in January. In February, 8 cars were sold by company R and the sales by company S were twice that of company R. Calculate the number of cars sold in February by company T. A. 14 B. 18 C. 24 D. 46

Calculate the mean time to colour a drawing A. 16.7 B. 17.2 C. 19.2 D. 21.2

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21. SPM Nov 2007, Q26

Diagram 12 is a bar chart which shows the sales of hand phones. The sales in August are not shown.
Number of students

P
Girls

R School

May

June

July

Aug

Month

Boys

The sales in August are 40% of the total sales during the four months, from May to August. How many hand phones are sold in August? A. 60 B. 72 C. 120 D. 140 22. SPM Nov 2007, Q27 Diagram 13(i) is a bar chart showing the number of students from three schools, P, Q and R, who participate in the Program Latihan Khidmat Negara. Diagram 13(ii) is a pie chart showing the number of these students, according to gender.

Diagram 13(i)

Boys xo Girls

Diagram 13 (ii)
Calculate the value of x. A. 120 B. 150 C. 200 D. 210

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23. SPM Jun 2008 Q25 Diagram 10 is a pie chart which shows the type of drink commonly ordered by the customers in a cafe. Calculate the number of remaining washing that the company has in stock at the end of June. 25. SPM Jun 2008, Q27 Scores obtained by a group of students in a game are as follows: 4,5,2,3,2,1,5,2,4,8 Find the median score of the distribution. A. B. C. D. 1.5 2 3 3.5

Tea
120o 100

Fruit juice
70o
o

70o

Syrup

Coffee
Diagram 10 Determine the mode of the types of drink. A. Fruit juice B. Coffee C. Syrup D. Tea 24. SPM Jun 2008, Q26 Diagram 11 is a bar chart showing the total sales of washing machines for a company in June. The company has a total of 400 washing machines of brands, K, L and M in stock at the beginning of June.

26. SPM Jun 2008, Q28 Table 1 shows the distribution of the scores of 30 students in a quiz. Score 0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 Find the mean score. A. 21.67 B. 25.67 C. 26.17 D. 26.67 Number of students 3 5 11 6 5

Number of washing Machines sold

Brand of washing machines

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27. SPM Nov 2008, Q26 Diagram 12 is a bar chart showing the number of medals obtained by a school in a sport championship in the year 2007.

Number of medals
If a

Gold Silver Bronze Medals pie chart is drawn to represent the given information, calculate the difference of the angle sector which represents the bronze and silver medals. A.100 B. 300 C. 400 D. 600 28. SPM Nov 2008 Q27. Table 1 shows the sale of four types of gifts. Gifts Flowers Toys Books Pens Frequency 18 10 Table 1 Given that the mode of the gifts is flower, find the maximum value of x. A.16 B. 17 C. 18 D. 19 5 x

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ANSWERS
Chapter 8: Statistics I and II A) Subjective Questions I 1. Marks 1 2 3 4 5 2. 5 Frequency 2 6 4 5 7

B) Subjective Questions II 1. 2. Lowest = RM 1 Mod = RM 2 RM 1.70 RM 2 Objective Questions (II) 1D 6A 2B 7B 3D 8C 4D 9D 5C 10B

3.
4. 5.

8.5 Questions according to Exam Format 1. C 5. D 9. B 13. B 2. D 6. A 10. D 14. D 3. C 7. B 11. D 15. C 4. B 8. B 12. B

3. Draw a pie chart with angles of sectors

Measuring 30, 90, 60, 75, 105 corresponding to the mark 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. 4. 3.3 5. 6. 3.5 Objective Questions I: 1 2 3 4 5 D B D C D 6 7 8 9 10 B D C C C

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8.6 SPM Past Year Questions 2003 2004J 2004 2005J 2005 2006J 2006 2007J 2007N
2008 J

2008N

1. C 3. A 6. D 8. D 11. B 13. B 15. B 18. B 21. B 23. D 27. D

2. B 4. C 7. B 9.C 12. B 14. B 16. A 19. A 22. C 24. A 28. B

5. D 10. C 17. D 20. C 25. D 26. C

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