AL-TABARI BIOGRAPHY 1.Abu Jafar Muhammad bin Jarir bin Kathir bin Ghalib at Tabari. 2.

He was born at Amul Tabaristan in the winter of 839M. But stayed in Baghdad 3.When he was 12(236 AH), he left his home town to study in Rayy and Baghdad. After that he travelled to the cities in Iraq, Syria and Egypt. And then he returned to Baghdad. 4.Tabaris teacher are named Ahmad bin Humayd adDaulabi (320 AH), Ahmad al-Bugha al-Hafiz al-Hujah and many more 5.At-tabari never married

reference, based on reports that he will be choosing the most logical act. 4. OTHER SOURCES

Al-Tabari also use references from the literature such as poems, speeches, debates and the like.

CONTRIBUTION 1.Tabari was a master of the highest authority in many various branches of knowledge, such as Quranic interpretation, Traditions, jurisprudence, history etc.

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Tabari died in Baghdad on 17th February,923 M in khalifah al-Mutad Billah.

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WORKS 1.Tarikh al-rusul wal al-muluk 2.Tafsir al-Tabari 3.Kitab al-Dhayl al-Mudhayyal 4.Kitab al-Qiraat wa Tanzil al-Quran AL-TABARI METHODOLOGY HISTORY 1.EVALUATION Al-Tabari take all reports of storytellers him. Then he let the reader assess the accuracy of the story itself is history.

He devoted himself also to grammar, ethics of which at the time of his death he was engaged on a great treatise similar in plan to the Ihya al-Ulum afterwards produced by al-Ghazali, and even mathematic and medicine. Kitab al-Fasl Bayna al-Qiraah, mentioned by Yaqut, in which Tabari mentions names of the reciters of the Quran from various cities, and their differences concerning the recitations and letters of the Quran accompanied with his comments and explanations on each recitation taken by each recite and his choice of the one which he argued to be correct. This work is also regarded as one of the best.

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4.As for jurisprudence, Tabari had profoundly studied all the doctrines of the Islamic law, especially the doctrine of the Shafie HISTOGRAPHY METHODOLOGY 1.Historiography concerning the writing of news material. This comprises the following topics,for example,narratives, battles, events, commands and orders, biographies and wars. 2. Historiography concerning the writing of chronologies.This genre was adopted since the 3rd century of the hijrah. It was considered a positive development in this regard.With reference to this method, events were recorded based on dates and chronology,whereas the first method was strictly for the collection.For example the collection of narrations and discrete political,administrative, and cultural events.Some were intermingled with poems and arranged like a dairy 3. Historiography concerning general writings.This represents a method of writing surrounding events and occasions in Islamic states in a

2.ISNAD

He wrote to tell isnad (periwayatan history). For example: when he wrote the book, he always wrote the name of the author rather than the name of the book. If only he who hears the history of a person, he wrote "X, who tells me" that is to tell the name of the notification or if he heard the story with other orag, he would write "X told us." If not, the fact that he heard from the actual not storyteller, he wrote in his book, without referring to the name of the historical storytellers as "someone told .."

3.LOGIC

Analyse of writing. For example, al-Tabari refers to the fact that the book can be accepted or something to be considered fact. From the

chronological manner.These were generally done following the Islamic golden era without the influence of national and geographical concerns but on the basic of almanacs and annual records.For example,the work of Ibn Ishaq,a historian is considered to be the first writings of this genre.His book in this regard was entitled the al-Mubtada wa al-Mabath wa al-Magazi. 4.Historiographical writings with reference to the various centuries.In historiography,this type is considered biographical.It was something familiar since the 7th century of the hijrah.It has also taken on a general element written in alphabetical order,and focusing on figures of a certain century.Two such examples are the books Insan al-Uyun fi Mashahir Sadis al-Qurun written by Ibn Abi Udhaybah al-Asqalani and al-Durar al-Kaminah fi Ayan al-Miah al-Thaminah written by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. 5.Historiographical writings concerning periodization and generation. This method of historical writing was considered the oldest method employed by Muslim historians.This method discusses history from the point of view of religions,the sciences,and politics,particulary belonging to certain generations over certain periods.The writing is usually done discretely or following the chronology of each event or occasion.For example,the al-Tabaqat alKubra was the first book to follow this method and was compiled by Muhammad b.Sad,also known as alWaqidi.