I Q.

1 x~o
(c) 2.

Q. 30 carry one mark each

sin2 x . Lt -IS equal to

x (b)
OCJ

(a) 0

(d) -1

The accuracy of Simpson's rule quadrature for a step size h is

(a) O(h2) (c) O(h
4 )

(b) O(h3) (d) O(h5)

3.

For the matrix

(a) 3 and-3 (c)

[i ~]

the eigen values are

(b) (d) - 3 and - 5

3 and 5

5 and 0

5.

A concentrated load of P acts on a simply supported beam of span L at a distance

L 3 from the

left support. The bending moment at the point of application of the load is given by 2PL 3 2PL
9

6.

Two identical circular rods of same diameter and same length are subjected to same magnitude of axial tensile force. One of the rods is made out of mild steel having the modulus of elasticity of 206 GPa. The other rod is made out of cast iron having the modulus of elasticity of 100GPa. Assume both the materials to be homogeneous and isotropic and the axial force causes the same amount of uniform stress in both the rods. The stresses developed are withn the proportional limit of the respective materials. Which of the following observations is correct? (a) Both rods elongate by the same amount
(b) Mild steel rod elongates more than the cast iron rod (c) Cast iron rod elongates more than the mild steel rod (d) As the stresses are equal strains are also equal in both the rods

7.

Two beams, one having square cross sectiQ...nnd another circular cross-section, are subjected a to the same amount of bending moment. If the cross sectional area as well as the material of both the beams are the same then . (a) maximum bending stress developed in both the beams is the same (b) the circular beam experiences more bending stress than the square one (c) the square beam experiences more bending stress than the circular one (d) as the material is same both the beams will expt::rience same deformation The mechanism used in a shaping machine is (a) a closed 4-bar chain having 4 revolute pairs (b) a closed 6-bar chain having 6 revolute pairs (c) a closed 4-bar chain having 2 revolute and 2 sliding pairs (d) an inversion of the single slider-crank chain The lengths of the links of a 4-bar linkage with revolute pairs only are p, q, r, and s units. Given that p < q < r < s. Which of these links should be the fixed one, for obtaining a "double crank" mechanism? (a) link of length p (b) link of length q (c) link of length r (d) link of length s

8.

9.

10. Consider the arrangement shown in the figure below where J is the combined polar mass moment of inertia of the disc and the shafts. K1, K2, K3 are the torsional stiffness of the respective shafts. The natural ftequency of torsional ~scillation of the disc is given by

Fixed end
(a) ~KI + K/ + 1<3 K1K2K3 J(K1K2 +K2K3 +K3K1) (b) K1K2 +K2K3 +K3K1

Fixed end
J(K1 + K2) K1 K2 + K2K3 + K3K1 J(K2 + K3)

(c)

(d)

11. Maximum shear stress developed on the surface of a solid circular shaft under pure torsion is 240 MPa. If the shaft diameter is doubled then the maximum shear stress developed corresponding to the same torque will be (a) 120 MPa (b) 60 MPa (c) 30 MPa (d) '15 MPa 12. A wire rope is designated as 6 x 19 standard hoisting. The numbers 6 (a) diameter in millimeter x length in meter (b) diameter in centimeter x length in meter (c) number of strands x number of wires in each strand (d) number of wires in each strand x number of strands
x

9 represent

13. A cylindrical body of cross-sectional area A, height H and density Ps' is immersed to a depth h in a liquid of density p, and tied to the bottom with a string. The tension in the string is

-r--H

/'

-'-string
(a) pghA (c) 14. (b) (ps - p) ghA (d) (ph - Ps H) gA

(p - ps) ghA

A 2 kW, 40 litre water heater is switched on for 20 minutes. The heat capacity Cp for water is 4.2 kJlkg K. Assuming all the electrical energy has gone into heating the water, increase of the water temperature in degree centrgrade is
(a) 2.7 (c) 14.3 (b) 4.0 (d) 25.25
0

15.

An industrial heat pump operates between the temperatures of 27C and -l3 C. The rates of heat addition and heat rejection are 750 Wand 1000 W, respectively. The COP for the heat pump is (a) 7.5 (b) 6.5
(c) 4.0 (d) 3.0

16.

A plate having 10 cm2 area each side is hanging in the middle of a room of 100 m2 total surface area. The plate temperature and emissivity are respectively 800 K and 0.6. The temperature and emissivity values for the surfaces of the room are 300 K and 0.3 respectively. Boltzmann's constant cr = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2 K4. The total heat loss from the two surfaces of the plate is
(a) 13.66 W (c) 27.87 W (b) 27.32 W (d) 13.66 MW

17. For air with a relative humidity of 80% (a) the dry bulb temperature is less than the wet bulb temperature (b) the dew point temperature is less than wet bulb temperature (c) the dew point and wet bulb temperatures are equal (d) the dry bulb and dew point temperatures are equal 18. For a spark ignition engine, the equivalence ratio (<j of mixture entering the combustion chamber has values (a) <j> < 1 for idling and <j> > 1 for peak power conditions (b) <j> > 1 for both idling and peak power conditions (c) <j> > 1 for idling and <j> < 1 for peak power conditions (d) <j> < 1 for both idling and peak power conditions

19. A diesel engine is usually more efficient than a spark ignition engine because (a) diesel being a heavier hydrocarbon, releases more heat per kg than gasoline (b) the air standard efficiency of diesel cycle is higher than the Otto cycle, at a fixed compression ratio (c) the compression ratio of a diesel engine is higher than that of an 51 engine (d) self ignition temperature of diesel is higher than that of gasoline 20. In a Rankine cycle, regeneration results in higher efficiency because (a) pressure inside the boiler increases (b) heat is added before stearn enters the low pressure turbine (c) average temperature of heat addition in the boiler increases (d) total work delivered by the turbine increases 21. Considering the variation of static pressure and absolute velocity in an impulse stream turbine, across one row of moving blades (a) both pressure and velocity decrease (b) pressure decreases but velocity increases (c) pressure remains constant, while velocity increases (d) pressure remains constant, while velocity d~creases of various structures in increasing order is spherodite martensite spherodite martensite

22. During heat treatment of steel, the hardness (a) martensite, fine pearlite, coarse pearlite, (b) fine pearlite, coarse pearlite, spherodite, (c) martensite, coarse pearlite, fine pearlite, (d) spherodite, coarse pearlite, fine pearlite, 23. Hardness of (a) increase (b) increase (c) decrease (d) increase

green sand mould increases with in moisture content beyond 6 percent in permeability in permeability in both moisture content and permeability

24. In Oxyacetylene gas welding, temperature at the inner cone of the flame is around (a) 3500C (b) 3200C (c) 2900 C (d) 2550 C 25. Cold working of steel is defined as working (a) at its recrystallisation temperature (b) above its recrystallisation temperature (c) below its recrystallisation temperature (d) at two thirds of the melting temperature of the metal 26. Quality screw threads are produced by (a) thread milling (b) thread chasing (c) thread cutting with single point tool (d) thread casting

27. As tool and work are not in contact in EDM process (a) no relative motion occurs between them (b) no water of tool occurs (c) no power is consumed during metal cutting (d) no force between tool and work occurs 28. The dimensional limits on a shaft of 25h7 are (b) 25.000, 24,979 mm (a) 25.000, 25.021 mm (d) 25.000, 24,993 mm (c) 25.000, 25.007 rnrn 29. When a cylinder is located in a Vee-block, then number of degrees of freedom which are arrested
is (a)

2 (c) 7
(a) ~ (c)

(b) 4 (d) 8

30. The symbol used for Transport in work study is

(b) T (d)

t:J

\l

I Q. 31 to Q. 90 carry two marks each I

31. Consider the system of simultaneous equations x + 2y + Z = 6
2x+y+2z x+y+z =6 =5 (b) infinite number of solutions (d) exactly two solutions

This system has (a) unique solution (c) no solution

32. The area enclosed between the parabola y = x2 and the straight line y = x is (a) 1/8 (b) 1/6 (c) 1/3 (d) 1/2 33. The solution of the differential equation ~~ + y2
(a) 1 y=_x3

= 0 is

x+c

(b)

y=-+c 3

(c) ceX (d) unsolvable as equation is non-linear

--. -+....... -+-)-

34. The vector field F

=x

i - Y j (where i and j are unit vectors) is

(a) divergence free, but not irrotational (b) irrotational, but not divergence free (c) divergence free and irrotational (d) neither divergence free nor irrotational

35. Laplace transform of the function sin rot is

5

(a)

52

+ro2

36. A box contains 5 black and 5 red balls. Two balls are randomly picked one after another from the box, without replacement. The probability for both balls being red is
(a) 1/90 (c) 19/90

(b) 1/5
(d) 2/9

37. A truss consists of horizontal members (AC; CO, DB and EF) and vertical members (CE and DE) having length I each. The members AE, DE and BF are inclined at 45 to the horizontal. For the uniformly distributed load "P" per unit length on the member EF of the truss shown in figure given below, the force in the member CD is
(a)

pi

2
(b) pi (c) -(d)

0
2 pi

3 38. A bullet of mass "m" travels at a very high velocity v (as shown in the figure) and gets embedded inside the block of mass "M" initially at rest on a rough horizontal floor. The block with the bullet is seen to move a distance "5" along the floor. Assuming Jl to be the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the floor and "gH the acceleration due to gravity what is the velocity v of the bullet?
I

(a)

--,,2Jl gs
m

M+m~

(b)

M-m -m

J2;"iS 2Jlgs

----.
V

(c)

Jl(M+m) ~2gs

(d) M ~2Jl gs m
39. A simply supported laterally loaded beam was found to deflect more than a specified value. Which of the following measures will reduce the deflection?
(a) Increase the area moment of inertia (b) Increase the span of the beam (c) Select a different material having lesser modulus of elasticity (d) Magnitude of the load to be increased

40.

A shaft subjected to torsion experiences a pure shear stress t on the surface. The maximum principal stress on the surface which is at 45 to the axis will have a value
(a) t cos 45 (c)
l' cos2

(b) 21'cos 45 (d) 2 l' sin 45 cos 45

45

41. For a certain engine having an average speed of 1200 rpm, a flywheel approximated as a solid disc, is required for keeping the fluctuation of speed within 2% about the average speed. The fluctuation of kinetic energy per cycle is found to be 2kJ. What is the least possible mass of the flywheel if its diameter is not to exceed 1m ?
(a) 40 kg (c) (b) (d)

51 kg 73 kg

62 kg

42. A flexible rotor-shaft system comprises of a 10 kg rotor disc placed in the middle of a mass-less shaft of diameter 30mm and length 500 mm between bearings (shaft is being taken mass-less as the equivalent mass of the shaft is included in the rotor mass) mounted at the ends. The bearings are assumed to simulate simply supported boundary conditions. The shaft is made of steel for which the value of E is 2.1 x 1011Pa. What is the critical speed of rotation of the shaft?
(a) 60 Hz (c) (b) 90 Hz (d) 180 Hz

135 Hz

43. Square key of side "d/4" each and length I is used to transmit torque "T" from the shaft of diameter "d" to the hub of a pulley. Assuming the length of the key to be equal to the thickness of the pulley, the average shear stress developed in the key is given by
(b) 8T 'Zd2 16T Zd2 " 16T
(d) nd3

(c)

44. In a band brake the ratio of tight side band tension to the tension on the slack side is 3. If the angle of overlap of band on the drum is 180 the coefficient of friction required between drum and the band is
0

(a) 0.20 (c) 0.30

(b) 0.25 (d) 0.35

45. A water container is kept on a weighing balance. Water from a tap is falling vertically into the container with a volume flow rate of Q; the velocity of the water when it hits the water surface is U. At a particular instant of time the total mass of the container and water is m. The force registered by the weighing balance at this instant of time is
(a) (c) mg

+ p QU

(b) mg + 2 p QU (d) p QU2/2

mg + p QU2/2

46. In a counter flow heat exchanger, for the hot fluid the heat capacity = 2 k]/kg K, mass flow rate = 5 kg/s, inlet temperature = 150C, outlet temperature = 100 0c. For the cold fluid, heat capacity = 4 k]/kg K, mass flow rate = 10 kg/s, inlet temperature = 20C. Neglecting heat transfer to the surroundings, the outlet temperature of the cold fluid in C is
(a) 7.5 (c) 45.5 (b) 32.5 (d) 70.0
to

47. Air flows through a venturi and into atmosphere. Air density is p; atmospheric pressure is Pa; throat diameter is 0/; exit diameter is 0 and exit velocity is V. The throat is connected to a cylinder containing a frictionless piston attached to a spring. The spring constant is k. The bottom surface of the piston is exposed to atmosphere. Due to the flow, the piston moves by distance x. Assuming incompressible frictionless flow, x is

48. Consider a laminar boundary layer over a heated flat plate. The free stream velocity is V"" At some distance x from the leading edge the velocity boundary layer thickness is v and the thermai boundary layer thickness is &r. If the Prandtl number is greater than 1, then

(a) (c)

av > aT

(b)

aT

> av
aT -

av""

aT -

(Vex> xt

l12

(d)

av""

.r112

49. Considering the relationship TdS = dU + pdV between the entropy (S), internal energy (U), pressure (p), temperature (T) and volume (V), which of the following statements is correct?
(a) It is applicable only for a reversible process

(b) For an irreversible process, TdS > dU + pdV

(c) It is valid only for an ideal gas (d) It is equivalent to 1 law, for a reversible process

50. In a gas turbine, hot combustion products with the specific heats CI' = 0.98 kJlkgK, and Cv = 0.7538 kJlkg K enter the turbine at 20 bar, 1500 K and exit at 1 bar. The isoentropic efficiency of the turbine is 0.94. The work developed by the turbine per kg of gas flow is (a) 689.64 kJ/kg (b) 794.66 kJlkg (c) 1009.72 kJ/kg (d) 1312.00 kJ/kg 51. An automobile engine operates at a fuel air ratio of 0.05, volumetric efficiency of 90% and indicated thermal efficiency of 30%. Given that the calorific value of the fuel is 45 MJ/kg and the density of air at intake is 1 kg/m3, the indicated mean effective pressure for the engine is (n) 6.075 bar (b) 6.75 bar (c) 67.5 bar (d) 243 bar 52. For an engine operating on air standard Otto cycle, the clearance volume is 10% of the swept volume. The specific heat ratio of air is 1.4 The air standard cycle efficiency is
(a) 38.3% (c) 60.2% (b) 39.8% (d) 61.7%

53. A centrifugal pump running at 500 rpm and at its maximum efficiency is delivering a head of 30 m at a flow rate of 60 litres per minute. If the rpm is changed to 1000, then the head H in metres and flow rate Q in litres per minute at maximum efficiency are estimated to be
(n) (c) H H

= =

60, Q 60,

120

(b) H

120, Q

120

Q = 480

(d) H = 120,

Q = 30

54. Hardness of steel greatly improves with (a) annealing (c) normalising 55. With a solidification factor of 0.97 casting of 200 mm diameter is
(a) 539 (c)
x 976

(b) cyaniding (d) tempering

s/m2, the solidification time (in seconds) for a spherical (b) 1078
(d) 3233

4311

56. A shell of 100 mm diameter and 100 mm height with the corner radius of 0.4 mm is to be produced by cup drawing. The required blank diameter is (a) 118 mm (b) 161 mm (c) 224 mm (d) 312 mm 57. A brass billet is to be extruded from its initial diameter of 100 mm to a final diameter of 50 mm. The working temperature of 700C and the extrusion constant is 250 MPa. The force required for extrusion is
(a) (c) 5.44 MN 1.36 MN (b) 2.72 MN (d) 0.36 MN

58. A metal disc of 20 mm diameter is to be punched from a sheet of 2 mm thickness. The punch and the die clearance is 3%. The required punch diameter is (a) 19.88 mm (b) 19.94 mm (c) 20.06 mm (d) 20.12 mm

59. A batch of 10 cutting tools could produce 500 components while working at 50 rpm with a tool feed of 0.25 mm/rev and depth of cut of 1 mm. A similar batch of 10 tools of the same specification could produce 122 components while working at 80 rpm with a feed of 0.25 mm/rev and 1 rom depth of cut. How many components can be produced with one cutting tool at 60 rpm ? (b) 31 (a) 29 (d) 42 (c) 37 60. A threaded nut of M16, ISO metric type, having 2 rom pitch with a pitch diameter of 14.701 rom is to be checked for its pitch diameter using two or three numbers of balls or rollers of the following sizes (a) Rollers of 2 rom <p (c) Balls of 2 rom <p
(b) Rollers of 1.155 rom <p (d) Balls of 1.155 rom <p

61. Two slip gauges of 10 rom width measuring 1.000 rom and 1.002 rom are kept side by side in contact with each other lengthwise. An optical flat is kept resting on the slip gauges as shown in the figure. Monochromatic light of wavelength 0.0058928 rom is used in the inspection. The total number of straight fringes that can be observed on both slip gauges is
(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 8

.-J

Optical Flat

Slip gauges

(d) 13
62. A part shown in the figure is machined to the sizes given below

R = 13.00~:g~ rom

With 100% confidence, the resultant dimension W will have the specification (a) 9.99:i: 0.03 rom (b) 9.99 0.13 rom (c) 10.00 0.03 rom (d) 10.00 0.13 rom 63. Two machines of the same production rate are available for use. On machine 1, the fixed cost is Rs. 100 and the variable cost is Rs. 2 per piece produced. The corresponding numbers for the machine 2 are Rs. 200 and Re. 1 respectively. For certain strategic reasons both the machines are to be used concurrently. The sale price of the first 800 units is Rs. 3.50 per unit and subsequently it is only Rs. 3.00. The breakeven production rate for each machine is
(a) (c)

75
150

(b) 100 (d) 600

64. A residential school stipulates the study hours as 8.00 pm to 10.30 pm. Warden makes random checks on a certain student 11 occasions a day during the study hours over a period of 10 days and observes that he is studying on 71 occasions. Using 95% confidence interval, the estimated minimum hours of his study during that 10 day period is
(a) 8.5 hours (c) (b) 13.9 hours (d) 18.4 hours

16.1 hours

65. The sale of cycles in a shop in four consecutive months are given as 70, 68, 82, 95. Exponentially smoothing average method with a smoothing factor of 0.4 is used in forecasting. The expected number of sales in the next month is
(a)

59

(b) 72 (d) 136

(c) 86

66. Market demand for springs isB,OO,OOO annum. A company purchases these springs in lots per and sells them. The cost of making a purchase order is Rs. 1,200. The cost of storage of springs is Rs. 120 per stored piece per annum. The economic order quantity is
(a) 400 (c) 4,000 (b) 2,828 (d) 8,000
Xl

67. A manufacturer produces two types of products, 1 and 2, at production levels of respectively. The profit is given is 2xI + 5x2. The production constraints are + 3x2s 40 3xI + x2s 24 Xl + x2s 10 Xl > 0, x2 > 0 The maximum profit which can meet the constraints is
Xl

and x

~) ~
(c) 44

(d) 75

68. A Project consists of activities A to M shown in the net in the following figure with the duration of the activities marked in days

The project can be completed

(a) between 18, 19 days (c) between 24, 26 days (b) between 20,22 days (d) between 60, 70 days

MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING

69. Match the following P Curtis Q Rateau R. Kaplan S Francis

1.....Reaction steam turbine 2 Gas turbine 3 Velocity compounding 4 Pressure compounding 5 Impulse water turbine 6 Axial turbine 7 Mixed flow turbine 8 Centrifugal pump
(b) (c)

(a)

P-2
Q-l

P-3
Q-l

P-l
Q-3

(d) P-3
Q-4

R-7 S-6
70. Match the following Work material P Aluminium Q Die Steel R Copper Wire S Titanium sheet

R-5 S-7

R-l
S-5

R-7 S-6
Type of joining Submerged Arc Welding Soldering Thermit Welding Atomic Hydrogen Welding Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Laser Beam Welding

1 2 3 4
5 6

(a)

(b)

P-2
Q-5

P-6
Q-3

(c) P-4
Q-l

(d) P-5
Q-4

R-l S-3

R-4

R-6
S-2

R-2
S-6

S-4

Data for Q. 71 - 72 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. A reel of mass '1m" and radius of gyration "lC' is rolling down smoothly from rest with one end of the thread wound on it held in the ceiling as depicted in the figure. Consider the thickness of the thread and its mass negligible in comparison with the radius 'IT" of the hub and the reel mass '1m". Symboll'g" represents the acceleration due to gravity.

/.

,. (hub radius)

GATE: 2003 - 14

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

71. The linear acceleration of the reel is gr2

(a)

gk2
(b)

(r2 +k2) grk

(r2+k2) mgr2 (r2+k2)

(c)

(r2

+ k2)

(d)

72. The tension in the thread is mgr2

(a)

mgrk
(b)

(r2 +k2) mgk2

(r2

+k2) mg

(c)

(r2

+k2)

(d) (r2 +k2)

Data for Q. 73 - 74 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. The state of stress at a point "P" in a two dimensional loading is such that the Mohr's circle is a point located at 175 MPa on the positive normal stress axis. 73. Determine the maximum and minimum principal stresses respectively from the Mohr's circle
(a)

+ 175 MPa, -175MPa

(b)

+175 MPa, + 175 MPa

(c) 0, -175 MPa

(d) 0,0

74. Determine the directions of maximum and minimum principal stresses at the point "P" from he Mohr's circle
(a) 0,90 (c) (b) 90,0 (d) all directions

45, 135

The circular disc shown in its plan view in the figure rotates in a plane parallel to the horizontal plane about the point 0 at a uniform angular velocity CJ). Two other points A and B are located on the line OZ at distances rA and rB from 0 respectively. 75. The velocity of point B with respect to point A is a vector of magnitude
(a) 0 (b) 00 (r B - r A) and direction opposite to the direction of motion of point B (c) 00 (r B - r A) and direction same as the direction of motion of point B (d) 00 (rB - rA) and direction being from 0 to Z.

76. The acceleration of point B with respect to point A is a vector of magnitude (a) 0 (b) 00 (r B - r A) and direction same as the direction of motion of point B (c) 00 2 (r B - r A) and direction opposite to be direction of motion of point B (d) 002 (r B - rA) and direction being from Z to O.

Data for Q. 77 - 78 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. A uniform rigid slenderbar of mass 10 kg, hinged at the left end is suspended with the help of spring and damper arrangement as shown in the figure where K = 2 kN/m, C = 500 Ns/m and the stiffness of the torsional spring I<eis 1 kN/m/rad. Ignore the hinge dimensions.

77. The un-damped natural frequency of oscillations of the bar about the hinge point is
(a) 42.43 rad/s (c) (b) 30 rad/s (d) 14.14 rad/s

17.32 rad/s

Data for 'Q. 79 - 80 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. 78. The damping coefficient in the vibration equation is given by
(a) 500 Nms/rad (c) 80 Nms/rad , (b) 500 N/(m/s) (d) 80 N/(m/s)

The overall gear ratio in a 2 stage speed reduction gear box (with all spur gears) is 12. The input and output shafts of the gear box are collinear. The countershaft which is parallel to the input and output shafts has a gear (Z2 teeth) and pinion (Z3 = 15 teeth) to mesh with pinion (Zl = 16 teeth) on the input shaft and gear (Z4 teeth) on the outputshaft respectively. It was decided to use a gear ratio of 4 with 3 module in the first stage and 4 module in the second stage.
79.. Z2 and Z4 are (a) 64 and 45 (c) 48 and 60 80. (b) 45 and 64

(d) 60 and 48
(b)

The centre distance in the second stage is

(a) 90 mm (c) 160 mm

120 mm

(d) 240mm

Data for Q. 81 - 82 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. A syringe with a frictionless plunger contains water and has at its end a 100 mm long needle of 1 mm diameter. The internal diameter of the syringe is 10 mm. Water density is 1000 kglm3. The plunger is pushed in at 10 mm/s and the water comes out as a jet

-+0

lOmmls

35~r
Syringe

; Imm
Needle
(b) 0.04 (d) 1.15

l---------
--------_.

81. Assuming ideal flow, the force F in newtons required on the plunger to push out the water is
(a) 0 (c) 0.13

82. Neglect losses in the cylinder and assume fully developed laminar viscous flow throughout the needle; the Darcy friction factor is 64IRe. Where Re is the Reynolds number. Given that the viscosity of water is 1.0 x 10-3 kgls m, the force F in newtons required on the plunger is
(a) 0.13 (c) (b) 0.16 (d) 4.4

0.3

Data for Q. 83 - 84 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. Heat is being transferred by convection from water at 48C to a glass plate whose surface that is exposed to the water is at 40C. The thermal conductivity of water is 0.6 W/mK and the thermal conductivity of glass is 1.2 W/mK. The spatial gradient of temperature in the water at the water-glass inerface is dT/dy =1 x 104 Kim. 83. The value of the temperature
(a) - 2 (c) 0.5
x 104

Y
Water Glass

gradient in the glass at the water-glass interface in Kim is

(b) 0.0 (d) 2 x 104

x 104

(a) 0.0 (c) 6

(b) 4.8 (d) 750

Data for Q. 85 - 86 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. Nitrogen gas (molecular weight 28) is enclosed in a cylinder by a piston, at the initial condition of 2 bar, 298 K and 1 m3. In a particular process, the gas slowly expands under isotheT'nal condition, until the volume becomes 2m3. Heat exchang42occurs with the atmosphere at 298 K during this process. 85. The work interaction for the Nitrogen gas is
(a) 200 kJ (c) 2 kJ (b)

138.6 kJ

(d) - 200 kJ

86. The entropy change for the Universe during the process in kJIK is
(a) 0.4652 (c) 0 (b) 0.0067 (d) - 0.6711

Data for Q. 87 - 88 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. A refrigerator based on ideal vapour compression cycle operates between the temperature limits of -20C and 40C. The refrigerant enters the condenser as saturated vapour and leaves as saturated liquid. The enthalpy and entropyvalues for saturated liquid and vapour at these temperatures are given in the table below. T(C) -20 40
(a) (c)

hI (kJ/kg) 20 80

hg(kJ/kg) 180 200

sfkJ/kg K) 0.07 0.3

sikJ/kg K) 0.7366 0.67

87. If refrierant circulation rate is 0.025 kg/s, the refrigeration, effect is equal to

2.1 kW 3.0 kW

(b)

2.5 kW

(d) 4.0 kW (b) 2.33 (d) 6.0

88. The COP of the refrigerator is (a) 2.0 (c) 5.0

Data for Q. 89 - 90 are given below. Solve the problems and choose correct answers. A cylinder is turned on a lathe with orthogonal machining principle. Spindle rotates at 200 rpm. The axial feed rate is 0.25 mm per revolution. Depth of cut is 0.4 mm. The rake angle is 10. In the analysis it is found that the shear angle is 27.75. 89. The thickness of the produced chip is (a) 0.511 mm (c) 0.818 mm
(b) 0.528 mm (d) 0.846 mm

90. In the above problem, the coefficient of friction at the chip tool interface obained using Earnest and Merchant theory is (b) 0.36 (a) 0.18 (d) 0.908 (c) 0.71

I ANSWERS I
1. (c) 9. (d) 17. (b) 25. (c) 33. (a) 41. (b) 49. (d) 57. (b) 65. (b) 73. (b) 81. (b) 89. (c) 2. (d) 10. (b) 18. (b) 26. (b) 3. (c) 11. (c) 19. (c) 27. (d) 35. (b) 4. (d) 12. (c) 20. (c) 28. (b) 36. (d) 44. (d) 52. (d) 60. (b) 68. (c) 76. (d) 84. (d) 5. (d) 13. (d) 21. (d) 29. (c) 37. (a) 45. (a) 53. (b) 61. (c) 69. (d) 77. (a) 85. (b) 6. (c) 14. (c) 22. (d) 30. (a) 38. (a) 46. (b) 54. (d) 62. (a) 70. (d) 78. (c) 86. (a) 7. (b)

8. (*)
16. (b) 24. (b) 32. (b) 40. (d) 48. (a) 56. (c) 64. (c) 72. (c) 80. (b) 88. (b)

15. (c)
23. (c) 31. (c) 39. (a) 47. (d) 55. (b) 63. (a) 71. (a) 79. (a) 87. (a)

34. (c)
42. (b) 50. (a) 58. (a) 66. (c) 74. (d) 82. (c) 90. (d)

43. (c)
51. (a) 59. (a) 67. (c) 75. (c) 83. (c)

Lt -x--+o

sin2 x
X

x--+o

Lt

smx (.-- )2 x x (Applying

X

L'Hospital's rule)

A =

[i lJ
0 0

A-A.I = 0,

4- A. 1]
1 (4 - 11.)2 -

4-11.

= 1 =
= =

(4-11.)2-(1)2 (4-11.-1)(4-11.+1) 11.=5

0
0

Also "Summation of Eigen values is equal to the sum of diagonal elements of the MATRIX" Polar Moment of Inestia perpendicular to the plane of paper,
Ip

Now, applying "Perpendicular => =>

nD4 32 Axes" Theorem.

= -= =

Ix + Iy
21x

Ip Ip

Ix

= ~2

5.

For horizontal equilibrium

R1 + Rz

Taking moment about R1, we have R2 x L

= P x L/3
P

R2 = 3

= -x-=--

2P L 339

2PL

6.

Emiid steel = 206 GPa Eeast iron = 100 GPa Now, Eleongation in cost iron,
A-I '-'C (~) AE c.1.

Eleongation in mild steel, flm.s.

(~)

AE MS.

PI
flC.I flM.S.

AECI.

EM.S.
=

206
=

PI AEM.S.

-ECI.

100

2.06

flC1

> flM,s.

7.

Since cross-sectional area of square and circular cross-sections are equal Let d

= diameter

of circular cross-section
7t 2

a2

= side

of square -d 4

= a2
M.C.
1

----;(f
M4
6 M.C.
(j

d M'2:

32M 1t d3
a

for square crosshy section

= -1- =

7
12

M2:
=

6M

32M
(j

for circular cross - section (j for square cross - section

1td3

6M d3 32M
a3 6M

=--x1t d3

a = -d 4

1t

=7

9.

To obtain a "DOUBLE CRANK MECHANISM", shortest link is always fixed. While obtaining a "DOUBLE LEVER MECHANISM", the link opposite to the "SHORTEST LINK" is fixed.
Keg

10.

1 1 -+K1 1 K2 K

+-

1 K1 K3

K3
K2
Disc

K1K2 = --+K K1 2 =

K1K2 +K1K3 +K2K3

K1 +K2 K1K2 + K1K3 + K2K3 J (Kf+K2)

00

Natural frequency
tl

11.

= 240 MPa

when staff diameter is doubled maximum share stress Let d be the original diameter

= t2

.!l
t2

(Trt

/IPJ

(Tr2/Ip

J
1t

.... (since torque in both the cases is constant)

d =

2X(

n;'f 32X~
240

(2d)4

= ---=8 1td4. d. 2

1td x 16d4

T
'1

'I

= -

=30MPa

Tension in string

T 1 + Mg = Buoyancy force
+ Ps H.A. g = p.

h A.g
'I

= g.A (ph - Ps.H)

Heat supplied, Q = mcp,1 T

= 2 x 1000 x 20 x 60

2400 x 1000 W

2400 x 1000 -----=14.3 40 x 4.2 x 1000

15.

Heat addition,Qz

= 750 W

Heat rejected, Q} = 1000 W [CO,P]H.P.

QI W

Ql QI -Q2

1000
,1000-750 1000 = 4 250 [CO,P.]H.P = T

TI
1-

T
2

300 300 -30-0---2-6-0 = -4-0 For better design we take minimum 16. CO.P of heat pump.

= 7.5

Heal loss from one surface of the plate, a (TI4 - Ti) PI 1 P2 ---+-+--Al EI Al AZ EZ

A}
E}

=
=
=:

10
0.6

10-4 mZ, T} = 800 Tz=300

Az

100

mZ

:. Heat loss from both the surfaces

= 2 Qnet

= 2 x 13.66 = 27.32 W.

4~80"...

dpl < wbl

ROCKWELL HARDNESS RC15 RC25 RC65 28. Since 25 lines between 18230, therefore Coarse Pearlite Fine peralite Martensite

~ =

.J18 x 30

= 23.24
+ 0.001 x 23.24

Tolerance, i = 0.45 f5 + 0.011 D

= 0.45 ~23.24

= 1.31 micron

For Shaft Quality 7, Fundamental Tolerance = 162 = 20.9 Microns Shaft Tolerance

= (25 - 20.9 x 10-3) mm = 24.979 mm

x + 2y + Z = 6
2x+y+2z x+y+z

= 5

Given 'y,tem can be written a, [~

1 ~W]~[i]

a [a

-3
-1

a -3 [a a
Since the rank of co-efficient matrix is 2 and rank of argument matrix is 3, which is not equal. Hence system has no solution. 32. Given equations are

= x2 Y = X
y From equations (i) and (ii)

...(i) ...(ii)

x2-x
=> =>
x (x -1)

= a
=
0 x

0, 1

Area enclosed =

f f dy dx = f dx f dy
x=o y=x
1

y=x2

y=x2 y=x

x=O
1

f [y]:2dx = f (x
x=O x=o

-x)dx

Enclosed area =
33.

1-7; I
0

= -

1 6

Given differential equation is dy -+Y dx2 =>

2

dy

7
fdy 2"
Y
== --

==

-dx

On integration, we get

f dx
-- = x-c
1 y

where c is a constant => 1 Y Y= 1 x+c = - (x + c)

..

grad F = VF =

(i ~+ J~+ ax ay

k~). (xi - yJ)

az - a ) x(xi-yj) az

= 1-1=0

CurlF=VxF=

- a - a ( i-+j-+k- ay ax

a a a ax ay ()z
x

-y 0 _ 8(-Y)]_7[O(0)
8z

i[O(O)

oY

ox
=0

_ O(X)]+k[O(-Y)
i3z

ax

_ O(Xl]
oy

]XO-]xO+kxO

36.

The probability of drawing a red ball

16

If the ball is'not replaced, the box will have a baIt so probability of drawing the red ball in next chance

= -

4
9

Hence probability of drawing 2 balls

37.

10 x"9 = "9

Total load on EF member where 1 = length of EF For horizontal equilibrium

= PI

RA + RB

= PI

Taking moment about A., we have PI

x

31
2

Considemig a point A. For horizontal equilibrium FAC + FAE cas 45 For vertical equilibrium

= 0

PI 1 2xFAC =-FAE -PI

cas 45 1

PI

=12

J2

=J2.J2-

-PI 2

-ve sign shows that the force on member AC is opposite of assumed~ Now considering a point C For horizontal equilibrium

FEC

--~~-FAc=FcD = m = P[ FAC C FCD

mass of the bullet velocity of bullet

v M
==

mass of the block

c::>
m

-v

u = final velocity of system (block + bullet) Form conservation of linear momentum

mv = (M + m) u

mv For horizontal equilibrium of body

(M+m)g

=N
= u(M

Fr

= Frictional force = pN =

+ m) g

Jl(M+m)g

Frictional retardation

(M + m)

= - pg
=

(-ve sign shows that acceleration is opposite to motion) Let

2

vf =

final velocity of system

vj
u + 2as
11 2

+ 2as

2pgs

= 0 = a

(Mm:mf
mv
M+m --v""Jlgs

M+m m

~.

where y As the

deflection of beam.

J = Area moment increases, the deflection will reduce

40.

Force on plane Be is clockwise and is taken as positive. Thus the maximum principal stress on the surface which is at 45 to the axis
2t sin 45 cos 45

41.

Since angle in Mohr's circle is taken as double of the required a angle. Average speed, N = 1200 rpm
Wl-W2 Co-efficient of fluctuation of speed = Cs = ~--

= 2% = 0.02

Fluctuation of kinetic energy Now

= ~E = 2 x 103 J

1 2 1. 2 ~E = 21wI -21w2
= -

1 2 2 I (WI -(2) 2

Smce

wI +w2

=W
=

I(
2

wI :(2)
(WI -(2) W

(W -W ) 1 2

= Iw ----.

= Iw
2
X

cs.
2 .

10

2 MR

w2

2 .C5 ,

where R = Radius of disc

fMx(fY x(21:~200)xO.02
2 x 10 3 x 60 x 60 x 8

M = 0.02 x (2 x 1r x 1200)2 = 50.65 ~ 51 kg.

m = 10 kg = mass of rotar = diameter of shaft = 30 x 105 m

I = length of shaft = 500 x 10-3 m E for steel = 2.1 x 1011 N/m2

~ = deflection of shaft = _

mgl3 4gEI

= 3.976 !\ = mgl 48EI

3

10-8 m4

10 x 9.81 x (500 x 10-3)3

48 x 2.1 x 1011 x 3.976 x 10-8

9.81

3.06 x 10-5

= 566.24 rad/s

In

_roll
=
21t

566.24
= 2 X 3.142 = 90 Hz.

T P = d/2

P shearing area

2T d width x length
~ x

I = Id

4
Average shear stress

d=_=_~
I . ---\

shearing area
-

2T d 4

W =

8T

Id2

Tension in tight side Tension is slack side

T - 1 =e"e
T2
where,

e = angle of overlap
.

= 180 = 1t radians

3 = e"e
In(3) =
}l }l1t.

1 -In (3) = 0.35

1t

45.

Volume flow rate Mass of water strike

pQ

Velocity of the water when it hit the water surface Force on weighing balance due to water strike

=U

Initial momentum - final momentum = pQU-O

=

=pQU (since final velocity is perpendicular to initial velocity)

46.

Now total force on weighing balance = mg + pQU For hot fluid 2 kJ/kg K Mass flow rate, mh 5 kg/s Inlet temperature = T Pu = 150 e
ch
0

Heat capacity,

TPl2

1000e

Similarly for cold fluid Heat capacity Mass flow rate Inlet temperature Outlet temperature ce

= 4 KJIkg.K
0

me = 10 kg/s = TCl = 20 e
TC2 = ?
=

Since heat gain

2 x 5 x (150 - 100)

Heat loss
4 x 10 x (T 2x5x
C2

x 20)

20+--4xlO

50

20 +

2 = 32.5e
o

25

Applying Bernoulli's equation at points (1) and (2), we have

PI -+-+ZI

Vf

Since venturi is horizontal

Pg

2g

P v2 -1.+-1.+Z2

Pg

2g

(p

I -

P) 2 -

pg (V22 - V12) == . (V22 - VI2 ) 2g 2

(P I - Pa) == Applying continuity

P V2 "2 (2

- VI

2)

... (i)

equation at points (i) and (ii), we have Aivi

= A2v2 = (~:)
V2

=>

VI

since

V2

=U

2
1t PU -kx = -D 2 x-4 s 2

4 [ 1-- ] D

D4
t

. Prandtl number

==

Molecular Molecular

diffusivity
.

of mom

dlffuSIVlty of heat 1 thickness

From question, since prandtl number> .. Velocity boundry

thickness (8v) > thermal boundary

Cp Cv

= 0.98 kJjkg k.

= 0.7538 kJ/kg

P3

= 20 bar = 20 x 105N/m2

T3 = 1500K P4 hturbine

= 1 bar = 1 x lo5N/m

= 0.94

For process, 3 - 45

(::5)
Cp

where, q =

Cv

0.98
= 0.7538 = 1.3
1.3-1

1500 T4s

(20 10 )--0x 5

1 x 105

1500 T4s = --0.3

(20)1.3

T4S = 75L37K turbine efficiency, '11

= ---3-T4 T
3

T -T

4s

1500-T4 1500-75L37 T4 = 796.3K turbine work, W,

=
=

h3
cp

h4

(T3 - T4)

= 0.08 (1500 - 796.3) = 698.64 kJ/kg

Fuel Air
'lvolumetric

= 90%

'1thermal = 30%

Calorific value = 45 MJ/kg

mf

ma

= 0.05

Pair =

1 kg/m3 actual volume swept volume

Volumetric efficiency, 'lv

Vae = 0.9 Vs ma =
Pair

Vae
x

1 X 0.9

Vs

= 0.9Vs mf = 0.05 x 0.9 Vs

= 3.045 Vs
PilleI'

x x

'1thermal

mj

LAN C. V Pmcp x Vs

0.3 =
PilleI'

....

0.0215Vs x45 x 10
= 0.3 x 0.045 x 45 x 106

since LAN = Vs

Vc

= clearance volum~ = 10% of swept volume

Ve = 10% Vs
0.1 Vs

Vc + Vs

Vc
O.IVs + Vs 0.1 Vs IV!
c

Now standard circle efficiency, '1

1- --q(r)q
-1

= 1-

14 1 = (11) . -

61.7%

53.

N1 = 500 rpm,

HI

= 30m

QI = 60l/minute H2 =?

N2 = 1000 rpm,

Q2 = ?

1000)2 x 30= 120m ( -500

Q1 = (1000)

500

60 = 120 l/minute

55.

Solidification factor = q = 0.97 According to Caine's relation

106 S/m2

Diameter of spherical casting = 200 mm = 0.2 m

Solidification time = q.
_

(~r
6

- 0.97 x 10 .

[4/37t(0.1)3]2
47t(O.1)

= 0.97 x 106 (~

= 1077.78""1078 see. d = diameter of shell = 100 mm h = height of shell = 100 mm

r = comer radius = 0.4 mm

Black diameter =

.J d 2 + 4dh
~(100)2 + 4 x 100 x 100

= 223.6 :::.224mm

57.

Force required for extrusion where k Ao

A

= k.Ao

In [~; )

= extrusion constant = 250 x 106 N/m2 = initial area = 2:. x (.1)2

4

= final area = 2:. x (0.05)2

4

= 250 X 106 x-x (.1)2 In _4 __

4

TC

r ~ (.1)21
x

~ x (0.05)2 4

= 2.72 x

ID6N/m

= 2.72MN

20- 2x-x2

100

20 - 0.1

19.88mm
VI

= 50 x 0.25
=

12.5 mm/min

V2

= 0.25 x 80 = 20mm/min

Smce tool life

= number of component produce x tool constant

Tool life for first tool = T 1 = 500 Tool life for second tool
x

T2

= 122 x k

12.5 (500 k)11 =

500 kJI1 ( 122 k ::::

C~~5)

500)11 ( 122

nln (500) 122

Hence number of components produced by one cutting tool at 60 rpm

500 k)0.3332
::::>

12.5 x ( --

10

= 60 x 0.25 x (nk)0.332

12.5 = (nk )0.332 60 x 0.25 50k

n = 0.5786
SO n = 0.5786 x 50

= 28.92 ""29. P = 35.00 0.08 mm Q = 12.00 0.02 mm R = 13.00~8:g~mm P=Q+W+R Now

::::>

35.00 0.08 = 12.00 0.02 + W + 13.00~8:8~ W = 35.00 0.08 - (12 0.02 + 13.00~8:8~ ]
= (35 -12
_13)+0.08-0.02-0.04 -0.08+0.02+0.03

10.00~8:g~ = 9.99 0.03 mm 63. Let n quantities are produced by each machine. The total cost in production = 100 + 2 x n + 200 + 1 x n = 300 + 3n For the first 300 units, selling price is 3.50 Rs/units Hence far breakeven point 300 + 3n =3.5 x 2n
::::> ::::>

7n = 300 + 3n n=~

64.

Number of total observations in 10 days = 11 x 10 = 110 Number of observation when studying = 71 71

p = probability of studying = 110 = 0.6455

Total studying hour in 10 days = (2.5 hr) x 10 = 25hrs Hence, minimum number of hours of studying in 10 days
= (25 hr) x p

= 25 x 0.6455
=

16.13 hrs

65.

Let expected number of sales in the next month = tit .. tit = a 51 + a (1 - a) 5t-1 + a (1 - a)2 5t-2 + 2 (1 - a)3 5t-3 where
~ St

= sales for the t period and so on. tit = 0.4 x 95 + 0.4 x 0.6 x 82 + 0.4 x (0.6)2 68 + 0.4 x (0.6)370 = 73.52 EOQ= ~2NA

where, N = 8,00,000, A= 1200Rsm CI = 120 Rs /stored piece/annum EOQ= 2 x 8 x 105 x 1200 ----120

= ~16 x 106 = 4000 67. Given system are

Xl

---

+ 3X2 ~ 40 3XI + X2 ~ 24 Xl + X2 ~ 10
Xl>

...(0 ...(ii) ...(iU)

(0.20)

t X2
(0.~0) 0.10)

0,

x2>0

Form equation

(i),

-+-40 From equation (ii),

xl

X2

(~)

~+
8 From equation (iii),

x2

24

Xl
X2

= 3

Profit :: 2x1 + 5 X2 =2x7+5x3=29

Project completd == Activity C + Activity F + Activity K + Activity M ==4+9+3+8

== 24 m ==

k ,

mass of the reel radius of gyration radius of the hub

For vertical translational motion mg-T == mat where T == tension in thread at == tangential acceleration of the piont of confact of thread and hub. T x, ==In T== In

For rotation motion

,
at

T== 1,2 T ==m12.2"" From equations (ii) and (iii), we get

at

...(ii)

mg-

mk2at
--2-

mg

==

mat

[1+ ::)

g ,2
af==

(k2+r2)

Mohr's Circle equation

(IT IT, :ITy

where cr
t

+(,)'

==

principal stress shear stress

==

74.

Since Mohr's circle is a point, hence the direction of maximum and minimum principal stresses of point P is in all direction. Bhas the linear velocity A has the linear velocity Obviously, because
..
{o

BI'8

{OAI' A {OIJI'IJ > {OArA {O8 {OrB>

{OIJ {OrA

= {O and

1'8> l' A

So relative velocity = OJ (I'IJ - l' A) in the direction of motion of point B and, it will experience a centripetal acceleration of OJ2 (1'8 - l' A) towards "0" 76. Accleration of piont B with respect to point A
aB/A

= = =

(j)

x VB/A

(0. (0 (1'6 - I'A) (02 (1'6 - l'A)

Xl

=11 Q
=Q.l2

X2

For small deflection, after equilibrium. Taking momentum about 0 C-.11 dt

dXl

+ kxz1z + lex + ko.Q

'

wn

=f1~ +kw
11/1 2

2xl03

x (0.5)2 xlxl03 10 x (0.05)2 ---3

1.5 x 103 x 3 10 x (.5)2

= 42.43 rad/sec.
For staic equilibrium
~ 2

kt 8s + kt . 8s L' = mgl (: _ For additional deflection 8, equation will be. tes .. mgl 2 2 1.8 =-2- -kt (8s + 8) - Cl18 -k1 (8s + 8) => where, I = 1.8 + C1l 8 + (kt + k1 ) 8
.. 2 2

l-I~

V2

=a
(kt + k12) x 3 m12
(1000 + 2000 x 0.5)2 x 3 10xO.52

mf /3

= =

42.426 42.43 rad/see.

and, Equivalent

damping

coefficient

= Cl12 Nm/rad

= =
. GIven N - 1 :::;12 , N '
4
1111

500 x (0.04)2 80 Nms/rad

3,

1112 =

1
ZI

2
Z2
r
--------1

~ Z2

01 N2 02 = N1

f
x

="4

22
N1 N4

= = =

21 x 4

= 64

02 x 04 01 x03

12

4 0
3

D3 D4
Z3'

4 = 2 D
3

3 x

3 = 15 x 3

4 = 3 = Z4 Z3
04 = 180, 2
Pwater

03 = 60

180 +60

= 1000 kg/m

Celocity at points 1 Applying Bernoulli's

= velocity
equation

of plunger

= 10 mm/s = 0.01

m/s

at points 1 and 2, we have P2 v~ -+-+z2 10 mm/s

PI vf -+-+21

pq

Since

21

22

2g and Pz = 0
P1

pq

2g

pq

Applying continuity equation at points

(i)

and

(ii),

we have

A1Vl

= Azvz

~ x (0.01)2

4 4

vI

~x (0.001)2

100

VI

= 100 x 0.01 = 1 m/ s

PI

2 = -p[ V2 -VI 2] 2

=
Force required on plunger

1000 [(1)2 -(0,01)2]

2
499.95 N/m2

= =

PIx

VI

= 499.95 x
V

11 4"

x (0,01) = 0.04 N.

= =

velocity of water
p 2
V

10 x 10-3 kg/ sm

Re

\)

1000 x 1 x 0,001

1 x 10-3
1000 64 64 = -=0.064

Re

1000

Head loss in needle

flv2
ht = 2gD 0.064 x 0.1 x (1)2 2 x 9.8 x 0.001

Applying Bernoulli's equation at points 1 and 2, we have -+-+ZI pg 2g

PI
VI

2 -+-+Z2 +h1 pg 2g

V2

PI = (V~ -vf)+pghf 2

1000 -2-[(1)

-(0.01)

]+1000x9.8x0.3265

= 499.95 + 3199.7 = 3699.65 Now force required on plunger = PI X Al 3699.65 x

0.3N

"4

1t

x (0.01?

83.

Temperature of water = 48C Temperature of glass plate = 40C Thermal conductivity of water Thermal conductivity of glass

= kw = 0.6 wlmK = kG = 1.2 wlmK

The spatial gradient of temeprature in water at the water-glass interface At water glass interface q

(~TJ y w

1 x 105 Kim

= =

kw

(~~

(~~t:~~x(~~Jw
=~x1x104
1.1

kG (~~

=0.5 x 104 Kim

= kw
q

(~~

Jw
=

= 0.6 x 1 x 104
h

6000 W1m

(Tt - Ti)

6000 8 = 750 Wlm2K

---

v,
W

v,
PdV

J~

dV

VI

VI

2 x 105 105

In (2)

= 2x

x 0.693

= 1.386 x 105 J = 138.6 kJ dQ

= =

dU +dW

dU = 0
dQ dW dQ dW =-

d5=

138.6 x 103 298

= 0.4652 kJ /K.

h1

= h4 = 80 kJ/kg
= 20 kJ /kg
52

53
52

= 0.67 = 0.67 = 0.7366 = 0.07

(52' - 51')

h3 =200 kJ /kg h1' h2' = 180 kJ /kg

52' 51'

= 51' + X

= 0.07 + x + (0.7366 - 0.07) 0.67 = 0.07

+ x + 0.6666

0.067 -0.07 0.6666

h2

h1' + X

(h2'

h1')

=
Refrigerifing Hence refrigerating effect per kg

20 + 0.9 (180 - 20)

= 20 + 0.9 x 160

165 kJ/kg

= h2

h1

= 164 - 80 = 84 kJ/kg
effect for 0.025 kg/see

= 84

circulation x 0.025

= 2.1

kW.

h2 -hI h3 - h2
164- 80 200-164

84
= 36

= 2.33

89.

Given,

rakeang:E,a

:= 100

shear angle, <I> 27.75 := depth of cut, Let

t1 := 0.4 mm
sin <I> cos (<I> a) t1 cos(<I>-a) sin <I>

t2 :=thickness of chip produced

t2:=

-----

:=

0.4 cos (27.75 -10) sin (27.75) 0.4 cos 17.75

:=

sin 27.75

90.

hom

Earnest and Merchant

theory 2<1>+ Aa := 90

where 11 := co-efficient

of friction:=

tan A

A := 90 + 10 - 2 x 27.75
:=

44.5

11 := tan (44.5)
:= 0.98