UJ

iRA
 ST. BASIL THE GREAT
TO STUDENTS

ON GREEK LITERATURE

WITH NOTES AND VOCABULARY

BY

EDWARD R. MALONEY

oJ*Cc

NEW YORK •:• CINCINNATI •:• CHICAGO

AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY
 19 1952

Copyright, 1901, by

EDWAKD R. MALONET.

Entered at Stationers' Hall, London.

61. BASIL THE GBEAT.

w. p, 6
 PREFACE

In this edition of St. Basil's Address an effort has

been made to make the notes of such a character as to

enable the student to begin the study of Christian Greek
classicswith pleasure and profit, and, at the same time, to
furnish advanced students with resources of interest and

knowledge. Grammar references to difficulties in syntax

have been given, and attention called to the exact shades
of meaning in St. Basil's expressions. Just suggestions
are given toward the solution of difficulties rather than
the solution itself. An attempt has been made to illus-

trate St. Basil's meaning by quotations from other

writers.

The text is Migne's. The references are to the gram-

mars of Hadley and Allen, Yenni, and Goodwin.
£. R. M.
Cambridge, Mass.
 CONTENTS

PAGE
Introduction 7

Text 15

Notes 39

Vocabulary 59
 INTRODUCTION

I. Biographical Sketch of St. Basil

St. Basil the Great, the eloquent preacher and foremost

was born at Caesarea,
classical scholar of the patristic age,
the capital of Cappadocia and the metropolitan See of
Palestine, in the year 329. The seeds of divine truth
were sown in his mind by his mother, Emmelia, and his
Basil owns
grandmother, Macrina, and in his writings
with gratitude how much he owed to their love and care.
Basil studied rhetoric at Byzantium, now Constantinople,
under the pagan Libanius, the most celebrated sophist of
his age. Having become familiar with the imperishable
masterpieces of ancient eloquence and style, he proceeded
to Athens, then the center of learning. To her institu-
tions came all the youth of Europe and Asia ;
Christians
and pagans met and studied together in the same classes.
Among the most eloquent and intellectual of the young
men in the Athenian schools were Basil and Gregory of
Nazianzus. They were both Cappadocians they had been
;

schoolfellows at Caesarea at Athens, where they led a life

;

of self-restraint amidst many temptations, they became as

one soul, having all things in common. Julian — after-
ward Emperor and Apostate — was a frequent partner in
their studies.
Basil, on his return to Caesarea, began his career as
orator, teacher of rhetoric, and pleader at the bar but ;

the quibbling and excitement of a public life soon disgusted

7
» INTRODUCTION

him. He resolved to devote himself to a religious life.

Leaving Caesarea, he visited Egypt and became acquainted

with the hermit saints of that country. On his return,
he took up his abode in the mountains of Pontus, and
after some delay Gregory joined him. But their simple
peaceful life did not last long. Gregory was recalled by
his father to Nazianzus, and Basil returned to Caesarea.
In 361 Julian became Emperor, and invited his old
friend Basil to his court. Basil was preparing to go, when
he learned that the cross of Constantine had been replaced,
on the standards of the army, by pagan images. The
apostasy of Julian was manifest, and Basil relinquished all

thought of repairing to the court. Julian was angered at

this slight, and the destruction by fire of the Temple of
Fortune at Caesarea increased his resentment, the Chris-
tians being regarded by him as the incendiaries. He had
already resolved to restore paganism now determined
; he
to degrade Christianity. The schools were closed to the
followers of Christ, and the study of Greek was forbidden.
The death of Julian (363), however, ended the brief
struggle of dying heathenism against the Church of Christ.
In the following year Basil Avas ordained a priest by
Eusebius ;
but his popularity excited the jealousy of Euse-
bius, and Basil retired to the mountains of Pontus. He
was recalled at the end of three years to defend the faith
against the Arian heretics. Basil's wisdom and deference
removed the jealousy of Eusebius, and he praised Basil
as " the staff of his old age, and the support of the faith."
On the death of Eusebius, Basil was consecrated bishop.
By his patience and firmness he overcame the great diffi-
culties which surrounded him. The Emperor Valens, a
weak, cowardly heretic, was awed by Basil's open repu-
diation of Arianism.
 INTRODUCTION 9

Many trials arose to sadden the last years of Basil's life.

An estrangement between himself and Gregory took place.

His orthodoxy was assailed, but he crushed his accusers

by that lucid treatise on the Holy Ghost which gives an

explicit declaration of the faith he held dear.
Thwarted in his efforts to obtain unity, foiled in his
work of reform, assailed by the machinations of heretics
and pagans, the great Eastern prelate passed away (379),
honored and lamented by all men, Jews and pagans sor-
rowing with Christians for the loss of their benefactor.

II. St. BasiVs Style

" His
style of writing is admirable and almost inimi-
table ;
it is proper, perspicuous, significant, soft, smooth,

and easy,and yet persuasive and powerful, and flow-

ing from him with a natural and unaffected grace and
sweetness. His accuracy in philosophy did not vitiate
the terseness and fluency of his style, nor the soft-
ness and elegancy of his expressions weaken the nervous
force and conviction of his arguments. Philotheus,
patriarch of Constantinople, tells us, it was observed as
peculiar to him, that he so subtly penetrates, searches,
adjusts, and treats of the most sublime and intricate
speculations of theology as at once both to inform the
mind, and to move the passions that he seems to speak
;

nothing but life, and to breathe a soul into the dullest

argument he discourses of. And Photius, one of Philo-
theus's predecessors in that see, a man, if any other, able
to pass sentence in these matters, says of him, that for the

persuasive and panegyrical way of discoursing, no other

pattern need be set ; no, not that of Plato or Demosthenes
themselves, though so much admired and magnified by the
10 INTRODUCTION

ancients. Erasmus prefers him before the most famed

orators of Greece, in whom he finds something short of
him. Pericles spake like thunder, but it was without art ;

Lysias evaporated into emptiness and subtlety Phalareus ;

was pleasant, but wanted gravity ; Isocrates lost the native

grace of speech by too affected periods and Demosthenes
;

himself, besides other things, had this fault, that his com-
positions were too forced and elaborate. Whereas in this
great man, neither art nor nature, neither study nor exer-
cise, were wanting to render him most accomplished. Nay,
he sticks not to give him the preeminence of all the great
ecclesiastic worthies of his time Athanasius was excellent
:

at teaching, but defective in human

learning Nazianzen ;

a great man, but too greedy of a smart period, and a florid

style ;Nyssen was content with a pious simplicity ;

Chrysostom, eloquent indeed, but diffusive and luxuriant,

and overapt to run into needless digressions.
" But now in Basil, the nicest palate could not find that
which might distaste. His way of expressing himself
simple and natural, he spake with all the advantages of
art, and yet made no ostentation of anything elaborate and
artificial he showed himself master of philosophy at every
;

turn, and yet without any affectation, nor ever made use
of foreign arts, but when they might be subservient to
piety and religion. In expounding Scripture, he is wary
and cautious, and yet plain and perspicuous in his enco-
;

miastic way, he so admirably accommodated himself to

popular auditories that he spake nothing but what the
people understood, and yet the learned admired. What-
ever argument he manages, it is always attended with a
chaste and pleasant eloquence, that falls naturally from
him. His discourses lose much of their native grace and
beauty when derived into any other language. And there-
 INTRODUCTION 11

fore George Trapezuntius, though a learned man, and a

Greek born, undertaking the translation of his works, was
forced to give over, and confess the Roman tongue wanted
something to reach the elegancy and ornaments of Basil's
language. The truth is, if in one thing he excelled more
than in another, it was eloquence. It was this principally
that endeared him to Libanius, the great professor and
master of eloquence at that time, who magnifies him upon
this account as the wonder of the age. And when once, in
an assembly of great and honorable persons, a letter from
Basil was delivered to him, he had no sooner read it, but
in a kind of triumph he cried out, We are overcome.' The
'

assembly wondered at the passage, and inquired the reason ;

'
We are overcome,' said he, in the elegancy of epistles
'
;

it is Basil that is conqueror, who is my friend, and for that

reason I rejoice.' The company, not satisfied, commanded

the letter to be read, and then unanimously gave sentence
that it was so indeed nor would Alypius, who had read
;

the letter, part with it, till some time after he was hardly
prevailed with to restore it. And indeed Libanius, not-
withstanding the prejudices of his pagan religion, and the
common emulations of learned men, admired the eloquence
of this great man for that these were something more
;

than compliments Libanius bestowed upon Basil is abun-

dantly evident from the epistles still extant that passed
between them." —
W. Cave, D.D.

IIL The Address to Students on the Right Use of Pagan

Literature

When this work was written,

of St. Basil the exact —
date is uncertain, — the
conflict between Christianity and

paganism had not ceased. The former was victorious

12 INTRODUCTION

amid the masses; her bishops were in kings' courts while ;

the latter, with its stronghold in the institutions of learn-

ing, exerted itself to stem the current of the Gospel.
AChristian student in those days was placed in a
peculiar position either he must attend a school teeming
:

with false ideals and given to the teaching of pagan doc-

trines, or sacrifice his desire for higher instruction. There
was no compromise Christianity had a recognized posi-
;

tion,but despite the efforts of the Christian Emperors, —

Constantine, Constantius, Jovian, and Valentinian, it —
had been unable to loosen the grasj) which dying paganism
had laid upon the institutions of culture.
" The professorships were exclusively pagan," writes
A. T. Drane " the works
; they read," St. Gregory assures
us, "were too often the vilest efforts of pagan authors."
What better place to smother the flame of faith or incul-
cate a perverse doctrine than the schools of a nation ?
The brilliant powers of the eminent pagan instructors,
with their firm belief in the mythology and religion of
heathenism, the dazzling achievements of pagan heroes,
which are exhibited on the classic page in a light more
interesting than pure, could not but possess fascinations
for the youthful Christian mind.
Made conscious by personal experience of the infection
which might thus be drawn, St. Basil wrote the present
address. The time and occasion demanded it, so to speak,
and it came neither as a defense nor a condemnation, but
as a mere guide, by the help of which Christian youth was
enabled to imbibe the honey and reject the poison in pagan
literature. Its value is well attested by the general use
that has been made of it, from the seventeenth century
down to our own day. The large number of separate
editions and translations, and the just encomiums of his-
 INTRODUCTION 13

torians, patrologists, and educators, have proven it to

be a solid and sensible treatise on the subject of pagan
literature.
The notes and observations of its many editors, its
brevity, moderation, and literary purity,
make it a spe-
cially desirable text-book for Christian youth engaged in
studying the pagan literature of Greece and Rome.
 TOT MEFAAOT BA2IAEI0T
AOTOS
nP02 T0\2 NE0Y2,
OnfiS AN E2 EAAHNIKQN fi'i'EAOINTO AOFfiN

I. Exordium. St. Basil clahns the right to address the young conferred
upon him by his age, by the many experiences of his eventful life, and
a loving care for their interests second only to that of their parents.
He hopes that they loill be able to claim the second place in Hesiod's
classification, icho sets, first, those
who of themselves know what is
right, second, those who are
able to folloio the good advice of others.
He asks them not to leave the entire guidance of their lives to heathen
teachers.

rioXXct fxe ra TTapaKokovPTa eVrt ^vfx/3ovXevcraL vixlu,

o) TJ-atSe?, a /SekTLcrTa eli^ai Kpivcj, /cat a ^vvoicreLV -ufxlu
eXo/xeVot? TreniCTTevKa. To re yap r]\LKLa<; ovt(o<; e^^eii',
Kol TO hia ttoXXmu 17817 y eyvixvdcr 6 at Trpayixarcjv,
/cat

5 jxrjv /cat TO Trj<; navTa TratS^uoucny? eV a/x(/)a> [X€Ta^o\y]<;

LKavct)'; eti^at ra)-'
ixeTaa)(elp, epneipop /xe avOpcoirivcov

TreTToCrjKev, axTTe rot? dpri KadLo-TafxepoL'^ tov piov

€)(eLu axrnep oScop rr]P d(r(j)a\€(TTdTr}p vTTOoeLKvvvaL.

Trj re trapd Trj<; (fyvaecj'; otfcetdri^rt €vdv<; /utera tov;

10
yoP€a<; vpXv Tvy^d"(o, axTTe jxrjTe avro? eXaTTOP tl
'

TTaTepcov evpoiaq pe/xetp vfXiP u/aa? 8e pofxi^d), et /X17

rt

Vfxa)v hiOLixapTavo) Ty]<; yvdijxrj^, fxr]

noOeLP tov<; TeKOPTa<;,

7rpo9 ipe /3X€TroPTa<;. Et pep ovv irpoOvpoi^ oi\oicrde.

rd Xeyopepa, ecreaue
Trjq SeuTe/ja? rait' iTraiPovpepoiv
15
 16 Aoros npos tots neots

-nap 'Ho-io8w ra^ew?

•
el Se ovhev av
fXTj, e'yw /xei/

€L7TOiixL Svcrx€p€<;, avTol Se p-e^jLvrjo-Oe roov inoju St^Xovotl,

iv oU iK€lv6<; (fiTja-Lp
•

apiaTou fxh elvat tou nap' iavTov

TO. heovTa ^vvopojvTa •
ia6\ov Se KaKelvov tou TOL<i Trap'
'
5 hipoiv vTToSeLxOelaLu inofxevou tou Se Trpo?
ovheTepou
iTTLTifjSeLOu, dxpelou duai irpo^ anauTa. Mrj davjjLdCere
Se, el /cat Ka6' eKaaTrju r)fiepau ek StSacr/caXov?
JjoitCjcti,
/cat rot? iWoyifxoL^ twu TraXaiwu St' cju /cara-
duSpcou,
XeXotTiacrt Xoycou, avTo'^ tl
ovyyiuoixeuoi<^ vp.lu, nap'
lo
ifxavTov XvcTLTekeaTepou i^evpy^Keuai (/jr^/xt. Touro piku
ovu avTo /cat
ivp^ovXevaoju -qKco, to prj Seti/ et? aTj-a^
rot? du8pd(JL TouVotg,
coanep ttKolov ra nrjSdXta tt}^
Stat'ota? vpcou napahouTa';, rjtrep du dycocxL, TavT-q
'
crvueTT€(T0aL dXX' ocrou e'crrt
XRV^i-H-ou avrwu Sexope-
15 uovg, etSeVat rt /cat TtVa ov^^ e'crrt
)(/Dr) napiSe'iu.
/cat
ravra, oVco? StaKpiuovpeu, tovto Stj /cat StSa^w
euOeu iXd)u.

II. r/ie necessity is established of subordinating everything to a

future
life ;the future life can gain luster from the literature which adorns
the present. The study of profane authors is a useful preparation for
that of the Scriptures. As dyers dispose by certain preparations the
tissue which is destined for the dye, and then steep it in the
purple,
so must the idea of good be traced ineffaceably in our souls.

H^et?, oj TratSe?, ovSeu et/'at XPVH-'^ rrauTdiraaL tou

dudpcoTTLuou ^tou TovTov vTToXap/3dt^op€u, ovT dyaOou
2o rt uopit,opeu 6Xco<5 our'
6uopd(,opeu, o ttju avureXetau
Tjpiu axpt TovTov napex^Tai. Ovkovu npoyoucou neptcfyd-
ueiau, ovK iax^u crw/xaro?, ov /cctXXo?, ov peyedo<;, ov
ra? napa naurcou dudpconcou rt/xa?, ov /^aaiXeiau avTtju,
 Aoros npos tots neots 17

ou^ o Tt av etrroL rt? Ta)v avdpoiTTivoiv, /xeya, dW ouSe

€v)(rjq a^Lov KpLuofxeu. r) tov<; e)(pvTa.<; dTTO^XeTTOjxeVf

dXA.' eVl fiaKpoTepou rrpoLfjieu rat? eX.7rtcrt, /cat
Tipo?
krepov /3lov irapacrKevrju airavra TrpaTTop.ev. 'A ^et*
5 oS^' av crwTeXfj 71/309 tovtov rjfjilv, ayairav re /cat
'
Stco/cett' TTOLVTi aOevet '^prjvaC (fyafxep to, 3e ovk i^LKuov-

jjieua TT^o? eKelvov, 0*9 ou8ei'09 d^ta Trapopap. Tt9 S17

ouj^ 0^X09 o jBio<;, /cat 07n7 /cat o77a;9 avTov (SLCoaofxeda,
/caret Tr}v
paKpoTepov pkv 7] irapovcrav opp,r)v i<^iK€cr9ai,
10
peil^ovwv Se •^
/ca^' vpa<; aKpoarcou d/covcrat. Tocrourof
ye prju eLTTcoi', t/cai'&i? dv tcr6J9 v^ati^ iuSeL^aijxrju on
iracrav d/>to{; d^' ou yeyoVao^tP' avOpcDuoi tw \6y(o
717^'

TL<; crvXXa^cov /cat et? eu aOpoicra'; evSaLpovlap, ovSe

TToXkocrTO) jxepet tcou ayadcou iKeCucou evprjcrei irapicrov-

15 fxeu-qu, dXXa TrXeiov tov iv e/cetVot9 eXa^tcrrov ra avp-

TTauTa TMu Tr]Se KaXwu Kara Tr)v d^Lav di^eaTr^KOTa,

rj
KaO* ocrou crKia /cat
ovap tcou dXrjOwv dnoXeLTreraL.
MdWoi^ Se, iV oiKeiojipoj -^pyjcroipaL tw TrapaSetyjuart, _
ocrco
i//v^r/ Tor9 Trdcrt rLfXLcorepa cra)paTO<;, foaovTO)
20 /cat Tcov ^ioiv eKarepoju iarl to Sidcjiopou. Et9 S>)
TOVToi' dyovcrt peu lepol Xoyot, St'
dTTopprjTOiv rfpd^
€KTTaLoevovTe<;. ''Eai9 ye p,riv vtto Trj<; rjXiKLa'; inaKoveiv
TOV I3d0ov<i Trjq 8ta^'ota9 avTUiv ov)( olov re, iv eTepoL<i
ov TrdpTTj OLecrrriKocnv, axmep iv o'/ciat9 rtcrt /cat
roj r^9 Ofxpari Teco^
25 /caro7rr/3ot9j i/zu^tJ^ TTpoyvpvat,6-
Heoa, rov9 et* rot9 TaKTiKol^ rd9 /xeXe'ra9 TToiovpdvov^
'
OL ye, ef /cat
fXLfJiovfxevoi ^eipovojxiai'^ op^Tjcrecn ttjv

epTTeipiav /crrycra/xei^ot, eVt rajt*

dyoji'a)!/ rov e'/c
r';79

TratStd? d77oX.avouo"t Kephov;. Kat i^/xti^ S-^

ow dycoi^a
ST. BASIL 2
 18 Aoros npos tots neots

TrpoKelcrOaL ttolvtcov dycoucou fxeyLCTTou i^o/xt^etv ^peoiv,

vnep ov TTOLVTa TTonqreov rjfjui'
/cat TTOviqTeov et? hvvix^iu
inl Tr)v TovTov TrapacTKevrjU, /cal Trotr^rat? /cat koyonoLol^
oOei' av
/cat
pyjTopaL /cat Traaiv di^0pco7TOL<i OfXLXyjTeou,
5 fji€\kr) 77/009 ^^X^'^ eiTijxeXeiav co^eXeta rt9 ecr-
Trju rrj?
eaOat. "^cnrep ovu ol SevcroTTOLOL, TTapacrKevdcraPTe<?

npoTepov OepaneLai^ Tcalv o tl ttot du r) to Se^ojxeuou

TO au9o<; iTrdyovav, av re akovpyoy,
TTjv (^a^Yjv, oTJTco
dv re Tt eTepov y tou avTov hr) /cat r)[jLel<; Tponov, el
'

lo
peWec dpeKTrXvTO<; rfpuv dna-Ta tov ^povov r) tov
Kakov TTapap.eve.iv Sd^a, rot? e^cn hrj tovtol<; irpoTeke-
crOevTe^, TiqviKavTa t<ov lepojv /cat
dTTopprjTOiv enaKovao-
'

fxeda TraL^evjxdTcjv /cat olov ev voart tov rjXiov upai-'

e9ia6evTe<^, ovTco<; avT(o Trpoa^akovpev tco (/xujrt Ta<;

IS Ol//€t9.

III. Profane knowledge is an ornament to the mind. The real property

of trees is to bear fruit, still they clothe themselves with foliage ; so
the fruit of the soul is truth, yet there is some merit in clothing it
with external vjisdom. Moses and Daniel trained their minds in

secular knowledge before arriving at the contemplation of higher

things.

Et pev ovv ecTTL Tt9 oiKeL6Tr]<^ Trpo<; ak\r)Xov^ Tot9 Xo-

yoL<i, Trpovpyov
dv rjplv avrcjv r) yi^wcrt? yevoiTO
'

el oe

prj, aXXa to ye, napdWrjXa ^eVra?, KaTapadelo to oid-

(f)opov, ov pLKpov et? f^e/SoLLcocrLv TOV l3eXTLovo<;.

Tlvl
2o pevTOi Kal napeLKaaa^; tcov naiSevcreayu eKaTepav, Trjq
et/cd/^o9 dv TV)(OL<i 'Httov Kaddirep (f)VTOv ot/ceta pev
;

T(o 8e' rti^a Kocrpov

dpeTTf], KapTTO) l^pveLV ajpaio), (fyepet
'

/cat (fjvWa Tols /cXctSots irepicreLopeva ovto) St)

/cat
 Aoros npos tots neots 19

^v)(rj 7rpor/yovixeuoj<; fieu Kapiro^ tj aXrjdeia, ovk a^api

ye fxrju ovSe rrju OvpaOev ap(f)iau 77epi/3e/3Xr;cr^at, olou
TLua (f)vXXa (TKenrju re rw Kapno) /cat oxJjlu ovk aw pou

irape^opieva. Aeyerat toluvu Kai M.ojva-q<; e/ceivo? 6

5 TToi'^v, ov ixeyLCTTou icTTLV iirl ao(f)ia -napa nacnu dudpco-

TTOts ovofxa, rot? KlyviTTiwv [xadrjfxacTLu iyyvfxpaaafjievo^
T7]i' SLoivoLau, ovTu) irpoaekdelv rrj Oecopua tov Ovro?.

Ila/)a77Xi7crtai9
Se tovto), kolu rot? Kctrco
^^wot?, tov
crofjioi' AauLrjX i-rrl Ba/SfXojt'o? (j)acrL ttjv croc^ta" XaXSat-
10 (i)i>
KaTafxaOofTa, rore twv deiwp dxfjacrdai TTaioevjxaTwv.

IV. The true way of studying the pari an authors: When they tell us the
words and deeds of the good, let us follow their lessons; hut lohen
they tell us of evil, let us stop our lai-s, as Ulysses did. We must visit
them as the bee visits the flowers : they enjoy scent and color, and'gather
honey, but carry away only what helps their loork.

'AX-X' oTi [xeu OVK d)(prjcrT0v xjjvy^alq fxaOrJixara rd

'

e^wdeu Si] ravra, LKai'(o<; eiprjTai oVoj? ye [xrju avrdtv

pedeKTeov v/xif, e^r}'^ dv ei-q Xeyeiv. Il/^coro^' fxev ovv

TOLS TTapd T(x)v TToirfTwv, Iv evrevBev ap^cjixat, irrel Trav-

is ToSaTTOL TLue<i el(TL /caret tov'^ koyov;, jxr) Trdcriv

i(f)e$rj<;
'

Trpocre'veiv tov vovv dXX' orat' fxev ret? tcov dyaOcov

dvSpcov Trpd^ei<; 7) Xoyov^ vjxlv Sie^ioicnv, dyanav re

'
/cat l^rjXovv, /cat ort jU-ctXtcrra Treipdardai tolovtov^ elvau

oTav Se eVt fJiO)(6r)pov^ dvSpa<; eXdcucri Trj ixtixTJcreL,

20 raOra Set (f)evyeu', eTTi(j)pa(Tcroixevovfi ret wra, ov;^ tittov

Tj
TOJ^ 'OSucrcrea (^acrtf eKelvoi rd tcov XeLprjvcov fxeXr).
'H ydp TTjOO'? Toi}^ (f)avkov<; tCjv \6yo)v crvvrfdeia ooo^; rt?
icTTLV irrl rd Trpdyp.aTa. Ato St) ndcrr) (f)v\aKfj rrjv

\pv)(y]v TrjprjTeov, [xr]

Sta rrjs rwv koycov rjSovrj'g -napa'
 20 Aoros npos tots neots

Se^djxevoi tl Xddajfxeu roiv )(eip6ua)u, axnrep ol to, 817-

Xr]TT]pLa fieTOL tov /xeXtrq? irpoaUixevoL. Ov roivvv

inaLvecroixeOa tov^ TroLrjToi'^,

ov XoLoopov[X€uov<?, ov

(TK(i)TTTOvTa<;, ovK ipcjvTaq rj /xe^uotra? /xt/xov/xeVou?,

5 ovY oTau Tpanel^T) 7r\r]6ovar) kol ojSat? dcei^eVai? ttju

evSaLpouLav opil,(DVTai. YldvTojv be rjKiara irepX Oecou

TL StaXeyo/oteVot? irpoae^oixev, /cat fxdXiaO' orau w? irepL
TToXXcov re avrwv hie^ioion /cat tovtcop ovSe op.oi'oovuTcou.
i.Kelvoi<i Stacrracrta^et
'AScXc^os yap ^rj Trap Trpo?
10
dhiX(^6v, /cat yovev<; iTpo<; TratSa?, /cat TOVTOL<i au^t?

77/30? Tov<; reKovTa^; rroXepiO^ icmu dKrjpvKTo<;. Mot-

;^eta9 8e Oecov koI epcoTU'^, koL raura? ye paXiara rov

Kopvcpaiov TrdvToiv
/cat vvdrov Aids, w» awrot Xeyovcrcu,
a Kav Trepl /SoaKrjpdTcov rt? Xeycov epvOpidcreie, roZ<^
IS €7rt cTKrjvrjf; KaTaXeixfjojJLeu.
Tavra Sr) ravra Xeyeiv koll

TTepl crvyy pacf)ecov €X(i), /cat pdXLcrO' orav i//u)(ayajyta<?

eueKa tcju aKovovTcov Xoyoiroioi tl. Kat prjropcou oe
Ti7t' TTcpt
TO xjjevSeadoLL Te)(vrji> ov pLjxr^o-opeOa. Ovre
eV SLKacrT-qpLOL^;, ovr iu rat? aXXat? vpa^ecTLu euL-
yap
20 T>^'8etoi^ T7|ati' TO i/zevSo?, Tot-; t-17^' opOrjv ohov /cat dXr]6rj
tov ^tou, ot9 to /xt) ^LKdl^ecrOaL uo/xa)
7r/3oeXo/;teVot9
earw. 'AXX' e'/ceti^a avTcov p.aXXou
rrpocrrerayixivov
8te-
aTTohe^Ofxeda, iv of? dpeTrjv eTTrjvecrav, t) Trourjpiap
ySaXot'. 'n? yap twi^ avdewv toI^ pev Xolttol<; a^pL Trjq
25 euwSta? -^ Ti^9 xpoa^ iarlu rj aTrdXavcrt'?, Tat? /txeXtTTat?
'

8' /cat avr' avroiv virap^eL ovtcd

apa /xeXt Xap^dveLv
Sy) KavravOa Tot? p-i^ 1781)
Kat iniy^apL povov tu)v
to
TOLOvriiiv Xoyoiv hLOiKovdLv ecTTL TLvd /cat (x)(f)€XeLai' an
KaTO, ovv
avTOiv €ts T'r)v ^v^-qv dTToOeadaL. 7rao-ai^ hr)
 Aoros npos tot2 neots 21

TOiv fJieXiTTcou
tmv \6yo)v rjixlu fieueKTeov.
TTjv ecKova,
'EKelvai re yap ovre aTracn rot? dvOecn Trapan\r)(TL(t)<;
ovre fxrjv oh av eViTrrwo-iv oXa (f)epeLV eVt-
i-rrepxovTaL,

XeipovcTLv, ctXX'
oaov avTOJV eVtrr^'Setov tt/oos Tr)v ipya-
5 aiau ka^ovcrai, to XoLTrov xo-'^/^ett' d(f)rJKav. H/xets re,

-^f (Toj(f)poi'(x)ix€v,
oaov OLKelov rjfxli'
kcll avyyeve<; r^
avrcov KoixLaajxevoL, vTrep^rjcrofxeOa to
dX-qOeia nap"
XeLTTOfxevov. poScovid^ tov av0ov<;
Kai Kaddirep Trj<;

SpexfjafxeuoL ra?
dKdv9a<; eKKXCvoixev, ovtcj Kai eVt tcov
lo ToiovTOiv Xoycou oaov )(p7]aLjxov KapTTOjadp-evoL, to pXa-
imaKOTreiv
^epov (jivXa^opeOa. Ev9v<; ovv ef dpxV'^
eKaaTov t(ov koI avvappo^eiv toj reXet
padrjpaTcov,
AojpLKrjv TrapoLpCav, tov
Xidov ttoti
TrpoarJKe, KOLTa ttjv
Tav andpTOV ayovTa<;.

V. Many of the poets are teachers of virtue : Hesiod encourages those

who are traveling the narrow path of rectitude; Homer shores that
virtue and honor may be retained ichen all material possessions are

lost; Solon values moral goodness above riches; Theognis despises

wealth; Prodicus tells how Hercules chose between Virtue and Vice.

15 Kat ineiSiQTrep 8t'

dpeTrj'^ eVt tov ^lov KaOelvai oei

TOV rjpeTepov, et? TavTrjv Se voXXd pkv TToirjToi^, noXXa

av-
8e avyypacfievat, ttoXXco Se ert irXeLco ^tXocro'^ot?
toI^ tolovtol<; tcov Xoycov paXtaTa
Spdaiv vpvTjTai,
npoaeKTeov. Ov piKpov yap to 6(f)eXo<;, olKetOTrjTa TLva
2o /cat avvrjdeiav rat? tojv veoju r/zv^^ai? Trj<; dpeTrj<; iyye-
viaOai
'

irreLirep dpeTdaTaTa TrecfiVKev elvaL ra tojv tol-

ovTcov paOrjpaTa, St' diraXoTrjTa tcov xfjv-^^ojv

et? l3ddo<;

ivarj pacvopeva. *H rt ttotcdXXo SiavorjdevTa tov

'HcrtoSol' v7roXd(3a)pLCv raurt TTOirjaat ra eTrr), d iravTes
 22 Aoros npos tots neots

> > 5

aSoucrt/', rj ov)(l TrpoTpenouTa tov<^ v€ov<; en aperrju ;

"Otl rpa^eta fxeu npajTov /cat ov(T/3aro9, /cat

tSpairo'?

crv^roC /cat ttovov 7r\r]pr)<;, r) irpo^; apeTrju (jiepovcra /cat

dpoLPTrj^ dSog.
AtOTiep ou
TTpoa^T)vai Trai^ro?, oure
5 avr^ opdiov, ovre rrpocr^dpTL, paSCcoq em to
8ta to
"
aKpov e\9elv. Kvoi 8e yevopivco opav VTrdp-^eL, wg ^ei'
Xeta T€ /cat Kokrj, w? Se paSia re /cat ev7ropo<;, /cat ttJ?

erepa^ tjSlcou Trj<; ivl Tr)v KaKiai/ dyovcrr)'^, fju dOpoov

eXvai Xa/Belp Ik tov crvv€.yyv<i 6 avTos ovto'^ 7TOLrjTrj<i

lo
'E/xot peu yap 8o/cet ouSei' erepou, ^ irporpe-
€cl)r]aei>.

TTcop T7/J.a<?
eV dpeTrju, Kal npoKaXovfJievoi; aTTavTa<?

dyadovq elvat, ravra hceXdelp '

/cat axTTe jxr] KarafxaXa-
Ki<T6evTa<^ TT/oo? Tov<i ttovov; poaTToarrjvai tov reXov^.
tt

Kat fxepTOL, /cat et Tt? erepo'; ioiKora toijtol'; ttju aperrju

15 vpprjcrei', (jj<; et? ravTou rjixiv (f)epovTa<; rov<; Xoyov^ ano-

Se^'oj/xe^a.
'n? 8'
iyo) TLvo<; 'r]Kovcra 8eti^ov KarajxaOelp dvopo<;

TTOLTjTov hidvoiav, Trdaa [xev tj TToirjCTi^ toj Op.y]p(o

dpeTT]'? icTTLV e7rati/09,

Kat irdpTa avroj TTpo<; tovto (f)€peL,

20 o Tt [XT) Trdpepyov
'

ovy '^kkxtol 8e ei^ ot? tw aTpaTTjyov

roiv Ke^aXXrjvoiP TTenoirjKe, yvp^vov e'/c tov vavayiov

7T€pLcr(x)dePTa, TrpoiTov p-eu alSecrOrjuai Tr)v ^acnXioa

'

(jiavevTa povov ToaovTov 8eti^

alcr^vvqv 6(f)XrjaaL yvp-
vov ofjidivTa povov, eTreihrjTTep avTov dpeTrj avTi IpaTiwv
'

25 KeKocrprjpepop iTToirjcre eireiTa pepToi /cat Tot9 Xot77ot9

<I>ata^t ToaovTov d^LOP poptcrd-fjpaL, axTTe a^ei'Ta<; Trfv

Tpv^r^v fj (7Vpet,(op, iKelvop dno/SXeTTeLP Kat tpqXovv

dTTaPTa<;, /cat prjhepa <I>ata/cwi^ ip Tco tote elpat aXXo tl

UP eu^acrdaL pdXXoi/ -^
'Obvaaea yevdaOai, kol tuvtu
 Aoroz npo2 tots neots 23

CK 'Ei^ tovtol^ yap eXcyev o

vavayiov Trepiaoidevra.
Tov TTOLrjTOv Trj<; Siavota? i^rjyrjTT]'^ p.ovovov}(^i ^oiovtci

Xeyetu tov "Oix-qpov on

'
o)
'A/5erry9 vplv eTTLfxe'krjTeop,
Kol /cat eVt
auOpoinoi, fj vavayrjaavTL crvveKvrjy(eTai,
TOiv
5
Tri<;)(€pcTov yevofxeuop yvfjcvou TipnoiTepov aTTOoetgei
evSaLfMOucou Oatafcwi'. Kat yap oura»? ^X^'" ^'^ 1^^^

dkXa Tii)v KTrjfxaTcov ov rwu i)(6vT(tJp tj Kat ovtl-

paWou
vocrovv ro)v i-mTv^ovTCDV icTTCP, wanep iv Tratota kv^cov
'

KOLKeLcre pera/3a\\6peva poviq 8e KTrj[xdrcoi' -q

TrjSe
lo
dperrj di>a(f)aipeToi', Kal l^atPTi Kat reXevTrjcravTL rrapa-

fxevovcra. "OOev Sr) SoXcou jjlol

SoKel Trpo<g Tov^;
eviro-

pov<i elirelv to
•

'AAA.' r/zxet? avTots ov Sia/xenj/ofJieOa

"

T^S aperr]^ tov irXovTov CTrei to fxtv I/atteSov alei,

15 Xpr;/xara 8' avOpwTroyv oAAore dAAo? e)^€L.

HapaTrXrjaLa Se tovtol'? Kal rd ©edyi^iSo?,

eV ot? (fyrjcTL

TOV 9e6v, ovTiva Si] Kal (fyrjCTL, rot? dv6p(i)-noi'^ to Takav-

Tov i-mppeiTeiv dWoTe aWoj?, aWoTe pueu tt\ovt€iv,
dkXore Se fxr]h€i> e)(eiv.

20 Kat jXTju
Kal 6 Ketd? ttov ao(f)LaTrj<i IlpdSt/co? tcou
eavTov (TvyypafXjJLdTCJU dheX(f)d Tourot? et? dpeTrjV Kat
KaKiav i(fiLXoa6(f)r]aev, co Srj Kal aura) Tr]v otduoLav
^X^'' "^ ovtcj
'

TrpoaeKTeov ov ydp dTTo/SXrjTO^ 6 durjp.

TTco'i 6 Xoyo^ avrw, dcra iyoj tov duhpo'^ Trj^ otai'Ota?
25 [jLefiprjiJiaL,
eVet ra ye prj/xaTa ovk iirLaTafxaL, ttXtjv ye

St) on 0,77X0)'? ovTO)'^ elprjKev

dvev perpov. Ort veto
ouTL T(o 'HpaKXel KopL^jj, Kal (TX^Sov TavTr]p ayovTi Trju

r^XiKLav, r)v Kal v/xets vvv, ^ovXevopeuoj TvoTepav Tpa-

 24 Aoro2 nP02 totz neots

T(t)u oto, T(siv TTOPOiu

TTTjTaL 6o(i)i', Trjv ayovcTav 7rpo5
apeTTjV, pdaTrjv, TrpocrekOeiv hvo yvvaiKa<;, rav-
7] rrjv
Tas Se eluaL 'ApeT-qu /cat KaKtap evOvq fxeu ovp /cat
'

crtaj77ajcra9 e/x<^atVetv oltto tov a)(rjjj,aTo<;

to hid^opov.
5 Ett^at ydp Tiqv fxeu vtto /co/x/xwri/c]^? hieaKevaaixdviqv et?
Kak\o<;, /cat vtto rpv(f)rjq Siappelu, /cat TTavra icrfxov
r]Sopr]<i i^TjpTrjixeurjv dyeiv' ravT-d re ovu ^eiKvvvai, /cat

ert TrXetw rovrcoz^ vTTL(T}(i'ovp.4u-qv, eX/cett' tov

iTTi^eipeiv
'

Hpa/cXea Trpo? iavTrjp 8'

tyju eTepap KaTecTKXrjKei'a.i,
lo /cat
av^/xetz^, /cat cruiroi^o^' ^XeVeti^, /cat Xeyetu rotaura
€Tepa' vTTL(T)(ueLcr9aL ycip ovhep dveip.evov ovhe y)^v,
dW lop(i)Ta<; pLvpiov; koX ttovov^ /cat /cti^Svt'ov? 8ta
'

TTaarj<i rjTTeipov re /cat

Oakdcrcrri^. Xd\ov he tovtcou

eluat, ueou yeveaOat, w9 6 eKeivov \6yo<; '

fjTTep Sr)
/cat

15 reXeuroji^ra tou Hyoa/cXe'a ^vveneaOai.

VI. 7i( IS hypocrisy to have

only the appearance of virtue; it is not only
necessary to read these good and wise precepts, but toe must put them
into practice.

Kat (Ty(eoov aTTavTeq, a)u Sr) /cat Xoyo^ rt? Icttlv IttX

croffiLa, rj puKpov rf ^eil^ov et? 8i;ra^tz^ eKa(TTO<^ ev rot?

kavTOiu avyypdfXfxacTLu dp€Trj<; eTTaivov hte^rjXOov, ot?
TTeidTeov /cat TretpaTeov ^.ttI tov /Slov SeLKuvvat tov'?
20
\6yov<;. n? o ye T-qv d^pi pr]ixdT(iiV irapd rot? aXXot?
<^iko(TO(^iav epyco /3e/3aLcou,

'
Otos TriirvvTai toi Sc (tklol aifxTcrovcri.

Kat (xoL ooKel to tolovtov TrapaTrXijcrLou elpai, cocnrep

av et l(oypd(f)ov davfiacTTou tl oIop /cctXXo? dvBpdiTTOV
 Aoros npos tots neots 25

6 Se avro? elr] tolovto<; inl Trj<? aXrj6eia<;,

lxLfir]o-aiJi€uov,
oXov inl Tcou mvoLKOiv eKeivo^ eSet^eu. 'ETiet ro ye

XajJLTTpcix; ixkv iiTaivicrai ttjv aperiju et? to ixecrov, /cat

avTrj<; aiTOTeiveiv \6yov<i,

ISla 8e to rjhv
jxaKoov^ v7T€p
5 npo ttJ? aa)(f)po(Tvurj<;,
/cat to nXeov e^eiv npo tov ol-

Kaiov Tipav, eot/ceVai (fyairji'

ap eycoye rot? inl crKr)vrj<;
ol w? ^acrtX-et? /cat owd-
'

TOL SpdpaTa
VTroKpivop.ivoi<i
crrat ttoWolkl^ elcrip^ovrai, ovTe ySacrtXet? ovTe<;, ovTe

SwdaTat, ovhe p.kv ovv, tv}(6v, iXevOepoi to Trapdnav.

10 Etra iJL0V(TLK0<^ p-ev ovk av ekcop Se^atro dvdppLOCTTOv
*

avTco eti/at /cat ort

Tr]u Xvpav )(opov Kopv(()ouo<;, jxr)

pdXiGTa (Tvvd^ovTa tov yopov e\eiv. Avro? oe rt?

e/cacrro9 Stao-racrtacret TTpo<; kavTov, /cat

ov)(^i to'l<; Xo-
'
dXX'
yoL^ opoXoyovvTa tov ^iov nape^eTai rj yXwrra
15 pev opcopoKev, 17
8e (f)pr]v dva)poTo<;, /car' EvpLTriSyjp

ipel,
/cat TO SoKelv dyadoq npo tov elvau 8tw^erat.
'AXX' oi!to9 eVrtt' 6 i(T^aTo<^ Trj<; dSt/cta? opo?, et rt Set
nXctrwi^t neiOecrOaL, to SoKelv StKaiou eluai, prj ovTa.

VII. Examples of pagan virtue are numerous: Pericles is patient under

insult; Alexander affords an example of modesty of the eyes and
self-control; Clinias shoics respect for commandment which forbids
swearing.

Tou? pev ovv Tcov Xoycov, ot ra? rwv KaXcjv e^ovcnv

20 vno9'r]Ka<;, ovto)<; dno^e^wpeOa. 'EnetSr) Se /cat npa-
^et? CTTTouSatat tcjv TraXatojt' duSpcov 7] pvT]p7j<; d/coXou-

^ta 77/309 r]pd<; Stacrw^oi^rat, r] crvyypa<^4oiV

rj notrjTcov
ivTevOev dx^eXeta? 0.770-
(pvXaTTopevaL Xoyot?, prjSe Trjq
XetncopeOa. Olov, iXoiSopei top Ilept/cXea twv i^ dyo-
'
6 he ov npo(rel)(e
*
/cat ets nacrav
25 pa's rt? dv6p(ono)P
 26 Aoros npos tots neots

hit^pKecrav ttju y)n.epav, 6 fxev ac^etSw? ttXvucdu avTov

rot? opeiSecTLi^, 6 8e, ov fxeXov avTco. Elra, icnrepaq
rjSrj
/cat ctkotov;, dnaWaTTOfx^uou /xdXt<? vtto (f)CDTl na-
peVe/xi/ze IIepLKXrj<^, otto)'^ avTO) p-q hi,a(^dapeiiq to 77/309
5 (f)i\ocro(^iav yvpvdcriov. IlaXti^ rt? KvKXeiSr) t(o Meya-
poOev irapo^wdel'^ ddvarov 'qir^iXiqcrev koI iiT(i)po(Tev'
6 06 dvTwpocrep, ~q pr^v iXeaxrecrdaL avrov, /cat Travaeiv

^aXeTTW? 77/30? avTov €)(ouTa. ndcrov d^iov tcou tolov-

T(ov TL TrapaSeLypaTcov elcreXOelv ttju pprjprjv, dvhpo<; viro
10
6pyrj<i rj^Tj /care^i^o/xeVou ;
Tfj rpaycohia yap ov inaTev-
'
reou aTrA-w? Xeyovcrr], 'Ett'
e'^^pov? Ovpo^ onXii^eL X^P^
dXXd pdXicTTa pkv prjSe oiaviaraardai npo^ Ovpov to
TTapdirai'. Et 3e pr) pdhiov tovto, dXX' cocnrep ^^^dXivov
avTw TOP Xoyiapov ip^dXXovTa<;, iav eK^epeaOai pr)
15 TTepaLTepcj. 'EnapaydyMpeu 8e top Xoyov au^t? 77/309
ra Tiov aTTOvSaLOJU Trpd^eou napaSeiypara. "ETvnTe
Tt? TOP "^(ocfypouLCTKOv SoiKpdjrjv et? avTo to Trpocrcoirov
ipneo'cji' d(^etSaj?
'
6 Se ovk dvTrjpev, dXXd irap€L}(€ tco

TTapoivovvTi Trp; 6pyr]<? eptfyopeladai, oi(JTe i^oiSelv yjSr)

20 /catvTTOvXov avTO) to rrpocroiTTov vtto twv vXrjywv euat.
'n? o' ovu eVaiJcraro tvtttmp, dXXo pev ovSep 6 Sw-
KpdTt]^ TTOLTJcraL, iTTLypdrpaL 8e rw peTcoTTOJ Xeyerat, axnrep
'

dpSptdpTL TOP SrjpLovpyop, 'O Sett'a iiroLei /cat toctovtop

apvpacrdai. Tavra (x^eSot' et? TavTOP toI^ -qpeTepOt^
25 <f)epoPTa TToXXov a^LOP elpat pupyjaaaOai row? tyjXlkov-
Tov^ (f)r)pL. Tourt pep yap to tov XcoKpdrov? dSeX(f)6p
eKeivco Tcp napayyeXpaTL, otl tco tvtttovti /cara tt)';

crtayd/^o? ttjp eTepap TTap4)(eip npoarJKe, toctovtov

/cat

Seti/ dirapvpaadaL. To Se tov n€/3t/cXeou? ^ to Eu-

 Aoro2 npos tots neots 27

/cXeioou, TO), Tov<; ot&jKovra? vTrojxeu€LU, koL Trpdoi<^ avTcov

'

Trj<; 6pyrj<; ave^eadai kol tco, toI^; e^6poZ<^ eu^ecr^at to.

dyadd, ak\d fxrj irrapdcrOai' '^1'^ o ye iv tovtol<? irpo-

TratSev^et?, ovk er au a>g aSu^'ctrot? ^LamcrTiq-

eKeivoL<^

5 (Tueu. Ovk au TrapiXdoiiii to tov 'Ake^dvSpov, 09, ra?

dvyaripa'^ Aapecov at^jOtaXwroug Xaf^uiv, davfxacrTov tl
otou TO /cctWog irape^euv p.apTvpovjx4va<;, ouSe npocTL-
'

Selp Tjqiciiorev alcr^pov eluac Kplvcov, tov dp8pa<; kXovTa,

yvvaiKOiv r)TTr)drji'aL. Tovrl ydp et? TavTov eKeivco
10
(pepec, OTL 6 ifJL^Xexjjaq 7Tpo<; rjOovy]u yvvaLKi, kol'^ jxr]

TO)
epyto Tr)v ixoL^eiav iuLTekiar], dXXd toJ ye tt]' im-
dvpiau TTj^vxy TTapaSe^aadaL, ovk ac^terat tov iyKXij-
/jaro?. To oe tov KXeLuiov, tcov HvOayopov yvoip'uxuiv
evoq, y^aXeiTov TncTTevcrai diro TavTOfxdTov crvfjilSrji'aL

15 rot? TjpeTepoL'?, dXX* ov^t fJLLixrjcrajxei'OV cnrovSfj. Tt oe

rju o eTTOLtjaeu iKe7po<; ; 'Fj^ov St' opKov Tpiojv TaXdvTOiv

t^rjjXLav aTTOcfivyelp, 6 8e dneTia-e fxaXXov 77 copioae, /cat

ravra evopKeZv jxeWcov '

dKovaa^, ijxoX hoKeZv, tov npo-

aTdyjxciTO'^ tov opKov rjpXv d7TayopevovTO<;.

VIII. We mnst distinguish between useful and worthless knowledge.

Our must be consunaut %oHh the
efforts best minds of the pofts and

philnsopJiers. We must not succumb to idleness, but should aspire,

like theGrecian athletes, after a crown, which can be won only by long
and severe tnals in self-denial.

20 *AX\', oirep i^ dp^^rj'^ eXeyov, ndXiv ei? tuvtov inavL-

(ofiev ov ndvTa €^rj<i napaSeKTeov r][xlv, dXX* oaa
•

XpTJcLfxa. Kat ydp al(T')(pov tojv fxev aiTiMV ra ^Xa-

^epd hLcoOela-OaL, tcov Se pa0rjjxdTa)v, d Trjv xfjv^rfv
rjixcjv TpecfteL, p-qheva Xoyov e)(eiv, dXX' axnrep ^eipdp-
 28 Aoros npo2 tots neots

povv 7rapaa'upovTa<; airav to 7rpo(TTV)(ov ifx^dWecrdaL.

KaiTOL Tiva e^ei \6yov, Kv^epvrjTTjv fxey ovk eiK-q tois

TTvevixacriv i^iivaii, aXka 7rpo<^ opfjiovi; evOvueiv to (tko.-

^09* KOLi TO^OTiqv Kara (tkottov ^aXkeiV kol [xeu Sr) kcu

5 ^(^akKevTLKOP Tiva rj
TeKTOviKov oVra tov Kara Tr)v T€)(yy^ v
'

iipCecrdaL TeXov; i^/xa? oe Kal tcov tolo}jto)V SrjfjiLovp-

ycou OLTroXeiTrecrOaL, 77^09 ye to avvopav hvvaaOaL to.

TjfjiiTepa; Ov yap Sr) tcov fxkv y^eipoivaKTOiv ecrrt rt

Trepan r^9 epyacrta?, tov 8e avOpoi-nivov /3tov aKoiro^;

to OVK ecTTL, 77po9 OV acjiopcovTa navTa TroLelv koI Xeyeiv

Xprj TOV ye fxr) rot9 aXoyot9 TravToinacrL TrpoaeoiKevai

fxeXXovTa ; H ovr6;9 av eirjixev are^t'OJ? Kara tojv

ttXoloov to, oLvepixciTiaTa, ovSevo<5 y^ixlv vov inl to)v Trj<;

xl)V)(rj<;
olaKcov KaOel^ofxevov, elKrj Kara tov J^'lov dvoj kol

15 Karoj TrepL(f)epoixevoi
'
aXX ojarrep iv toI<; yvixviKol'^

dycoatv, el oe ySouXet, rot9 ^ovctikyj^, eKetvcov elal tcov

ayciivcov at /xeXerat, ojvnep ol aTecpavoL TrpoKewTai, kcu

ovSei? ye iroiXrjv dcTKcov rj irayKpcxTiov eira KLOapit^eiv r)

avXelv [xeXeTa. Ovkovv 6 Ilo\v^dfxa<; ye, aXX' €^£11^09

20 npo TOV aycovo<; tov OXv/xTrtctcrt ra dpfiaTa IcrTt] Tpe-

-^ovTa, KOL Sid TOVTcov TTjv lcr)(vv eKpdTvve. Kai o ye

MtXwi' arro Trj<; dXr)XeLfxiJievrj<; a(r77tSo9 ovk i^co$elTo.
aXX' dvTel^ev coOov/xevo^ ou^ tJttov, rj
ol dvSptdvTe^; ol

TO) fioXv/BSco crvvSehefxevoL. Kat d-rra^aTrXcoq at jxeXeTai

25 avTo2<; TTapaaKeval Tcjiu ddXcov rjaav. Et 8e ra Map-

(Tvov Tj
ra OXvfjLTTOv TCOV ^l>pvya)v nepLeipyd^ovTO Kpov-

ju.ara, KaraXtTTOi^re? Tr]v kovlv kol ra yvjjLvdaia, ra^v y

av CTTecfidvcov rj 80^7^9 eTv^ov, -q Siecfjvyov to fxr) Kara-
yeXacTTOL elvai Kara to <jai/xa ; 'AXX' ov fxevroL ovSe 6
 Aoros npo2 tots neots 29

TifioOeo'^, TTjv /jLtXcpStau oi(f)eL<;,

iv rai? TraXatcrrpat?
hiTiyev. Ov yap av roaovTou vnrjp^ep avTco SuepeyKeiu
airavTcov rfj fxovaLKrj, a» ye ToaovTou TTepLrjv T7J<; Te)(vr)<;,
atare kol Ovpov iyeipeiv ota ctvvtovov koI avcrrrjpa^
rxj^

5 apjxovia<;, /cat fxevTOL Kai ^akav koL paXaTreiv ttoXiv

OLo, Trj<; dveip.ii'rj<;, oiroTe /BovXolto. TaurTy rot kol

AXe^dvSpcp TTore to (t'pvyLOf i-nravXyjcravTa, i^ava-

CTTrjcraL avToi' era rd OTrXa Xeyerat fxeTa^v SetTrvovpra,
Kal inapayayelu irakiv 7rpo<; rov^ crvjXTT6ra<^, rrjv dppo-
lo uCav ^oKaaavTa. Tocravrrjp Icr^vp ep re fjiova-LKr] Kat
TOt? yvfiPLKOL^ dyaxTL, 7rpo<5 ttjp tov t€\ov<; KTrjcrLP r)

jxeXerr] Trapi^eTai.
'EttcI Se arecfidpMp kol dOXiqrwp ijxPTjaOrjp, i.Keivoi

fxvpCa TTaOovTe^ iirl fxvpioL<;, kul 7roXXa)(60ep ttjp fxofxrjp

15 eavTot? crvpav^TJcraPTe';, TToXXd fxep yvixva<TTLKol<; ivt-

hp(i)<TOLPTe<; TTOPOi^, TToXXd^

be TrXrjyd^ ip naiSoTpifiov

Xal36pTe<;, hiaLrap 8e ov Tr)P rjSicrTrjp, dXXd Tr)p rrapd

Tcop yvfJipacrTcop alpo-vfjiepoL, kol raXXa, tVa prj hiarpi^oi

Xeycjp, ovTO) ^idyopTe^, a»? top npo rr)? dyoipiaq (^iop

20 p^eXeTTjp eipai ttj^ dycopi.a'^, TTjviKavTa diTOOTjopTai 7Tpo<;
TO aTdSiOP, Kol ndpTa ttopovcfl Kal KipSvpe-uovcTLP, axTTe
KOTLPOV Xa/Selp crTe(f)apop, 7) creXupov, rj dXXov tlpo<; t(x)p
TOLOvTcop, Kol PLK(oPTe<5 apappiqOrjpai napd tov KTjpvKo^.

'H/xti/ he, ot? dOXa tov /3lov TrpoKeiTai ovtoj Oav/xacTTd

25 TrXyjOeL re kol fxeyeOeL^ axjTe dSvpaTa eluai prjBrjPai

Xoyw, in aii(f)a) KaOevoovcTL, kol Kara ttoXXt^p hiaiToipie-

vot? doeiap, Trj ^repa Xa/Belu tcop ^etpwp vrrdp^ei ; IloX.-

Xov fJLevT
OLi^ d^LOP rjv r) paOvfxia tco /3ta;? x^^^ o yc

^aphapdnaXof; ra TrpdiTa irdpTcop ets evSatpopiap e'^e-

 30 Aoro2 npos tots neots

peTOj 7]
Kai 6 MapyLTr)<;, el ^ovkeu, ov ovt* dpoTrjpa,
ovTe (TKaTTTrjpa, ovre aWo tl tcou Kara tov ^lou eTTLTr}-
Setfui/ eluaL 'Opiqpo<; e^rjcrev, el
otj 'Ofxijpov raura.
'AXXa fxr] aX-/]^/)? [xaWou 6 tov UiTTaKov Xoyo9, 69
5 ^aXeTTOt" e(f)r]crei'
icrdX.oi' eppevat ; Ata 7roW(t)i> yo.p Srj

Tco ovTi TTOucov OLegeXOovcTL /xo'Xt? au r(DV

dyaOcju eKei-

voiv TV^elv TjpLv TTeptyeroLTO, cjv eu rot? avoi Xoyot?

ovoev elvai irapdoeiypa tcju dvOpaiTrivoiv eXiyopev. Ov
St) ovi^ paOvp-QTeov rjpiv, ovSe eV
^pa^el paaTOiurjq
T179
10 peydXa<; eXTitSa? dvTaWaKTeov, elnep pr) peWoipeu
oveiorj re egetp Koi Tipcopiaq ov tl irapd rot?
v(f)e^eLi>,

dvdp(i)7T0i'=; evOdhe [KalroL tovto ov piKpov to) ye

/cat

uovu e^ovTi), aXX' ev rot?, elre vtto yrjv, etre koX ottov

Sr] TOV TTavTo<^ ovTa Tvy^dvei, SiKaL(OTr]pLOL<;. 'H? rw

15 peu tov TrpocnJKovTO'? dpapTOvri Kau avy-
dKovai(si<i

ypcopr) 719 Laojq napd tov ©eov yevoiro T(p 8e i^eni-

'

Tr]Se<; ra X^^P^ irpoeXopeuo} ovhep'ia 7TapaLTr)cn<;, to pr)

ov)(i TToWaTrkacTLa) Trfv KoXacriu uTrocr^ett'.

IX. TTie ancients favored fnif/ality. They condemned all inordinate care
of the body; we must prize the soul above the body. Pythagoras
condemned voluptuous music. In fine, tee must mortify oiir affections
toward sensual plea'sures, toward loealth, and toward fame.

Tt ovp TTOLajpef rt? dp.

;
Ti aXXo ye r) Til's
(fyaCr)

20
^v)(rj<; eTTipeXeiov exeuv,
Trdaav axoXrjv 0,770 tcov aXXwt'
dyouTaq ; Ou 817 ovv T(o acopaTL SovXevTeov, otl pr)
irdcra dvdyKTj
'
aXXa
^v^fj Td /BeXna-Ta TTopiorTeou,
rfj

coanep eK SeorpcoTrjpiov, Trjq 7rpo9 ra tov crdiparoq naur)

KOivoiviaq avTTjV 8ta Xuoi^Ta9, apa oe Kat
(^tXoo"0(^ta9
35 70 croj/xa tcop naOwu KpelrTou direpyalfipevovf;, yaaTpi
 Aoros npos tots neots 31

fxeu ye ra avayKaia vTTrjpeTovvTa<;, ^^X^'^^ ^SccrTa, cu?

OL T
ye paTTet^oTToiov'^ rtra? /cat
[xayeCpovs TTepLi^oovvTe<;,
/cat iracrav SLepevvcofxeuoL yrju re /cat OaXacrcravy oXov

TLUL ^aXeTTOJ oeaTTOTT) cfyopovi aTrdyovre^, ekeeivol Trj<;

5 dcr^oXta?, tcou iv aSov Ko\at,op.eucov ovSev nda-^ovTeq

dveKTOTepov, dreyviof; et? irvp ^aivovTes, /cat KoaKivoi

vS(op, /cat et? dvT\ovvTe<^ ttWov,

(j)epovTe<^ Terpiqixivov
ovSeu TTepa'i roiv ttovojv e}(pvTe<^. Kou/oa? Se /cat dpne-
^dfas e^&> Toil/
dvayKaiajv Trepiepydt^ecrd ai, t] Svarv-
lo
^^ovvTwv i(TTL, KaTo. Tov ALoyepovq \6yov, rj dSiKowTOJi'.
Tt yap ai^ 8ta<^epot, toI ye i/oui^
e^ovTL, ^vcTTiSa dva-
/Se/BXrjcrOaL, -q
tl twv (f)av\cou IfxaTLov (f)€peLv, eoj? cti^

fxr]hep iuSey tov Trpo? ^et/xwi^ct re eti^at /cat 0d\7TO<;

d\e^r]Trjpiov ; Kat rdXXa Sr) tov avTov Tpoirov prj

15 irepLTTOTepop ttJ? ^peta<> KaTecrKevdcrOaL, prjSk nepteTTeLU
TO (Tcofxa TrXeou, rj cus ajxeivov ttj xjjv^fj. Ov^ rJTTOu
ydp ot'etSo? dpSpi, tco ye a»? dXrj9(x)<; T-qq 7rpo(rr)yopLa<;

TavTTj's d^Lcp, KaXXcoTTLCTTrjp /cat (f)LXocra>fjiaTOP eluai, ^

17/309 aXXo Tt TOJt' TTaOoiv dyevvio<; Sta/cetcr^at. To yap
20 Ti^t' Trdaav cnTovSrfu elacfiepecrOaL ottco'? w? KoXXiaTa
avTio TO cro)p.a egot, ov otayti/wcr/cofTO? ecTiv iavTOP,
ovSe (TVPL€PTo<i TOV (ro(f)Ov 7rapayyeXfxaTo<;, otl ov to

opcopei'ou icTTLv 6 apdpa)Tro<;

'
dXXd tlvo^ Set Treptrro-

repa? (TO(^ia<;, 8t' 179 e/cao^ro? rjpiaiv, 6(ttl<s 77ore icTTLU,

25 iavTov eTnyvcoaeTai. ToOro Se p.?) KaOrjpafxivoL^ tov

vovv dSvvaTCJTepov rj XrjpicovTL Trpoq tov tjXlov dva^Xe-
xjjaL.

KdOapcTL^ Se i/zuy^?, cu? d9p6o}<^ re eLnelv /cat vpti'

Ttts Sto. rail'
alcrOTJcrecov -qSovd^
t/cai'ais, artpct^etf* p.17
 32 Aoros npos toxs neotz

o<f>9aXfxov^ ecTTLav rat? oltottol^s tcou OavfJLaTonoLCJU eVt-

oetfecrtf, -q crcoixaTCJu Oeaiq r]Sovrj<; KevTpov ivafjuivTwv
fXT)
Ota Tcov a)Ta)v SLe(f)9apixivr]u fjLeXcoSiau tcop
xJw^cju
KaTa)(€.iv. AvekevOepia.'^ yap /cat e/c-
Srj raTTewoTrjTo^;
5 yova irdOr) Ik tov rotoCSe ttJ? [xovcTLKrjq etSou? iyyi-
vecrdai iriijiVKev. 'AXXa Tr]v irepav peraSicoKTeov r]fup,

rrjv afX€Li>a) re /cat eU ap-eivov cfyepovcrav, fj

/cat Aa/3t8
Xpajpepog, 6 TroLr}Tr]<; tcou lepchv acrpdTwv, Ik Trj<; juaz^ta?,
co<; <^ao"t, TOP ySacrtXe'a
KaOiaTr). Aeyerat Se /cat IIv-
lo /ceXeucrat
uayopav, /cw/xacrrat? TTepiTV)(6vra pedvovcn,
Toi^ avXrjTiTjv rov tov Kcopov KaTap^ovTa, peTa/SaXovTa
'

rrjv appovLav, eTravXrjcrai acfucrt to AcopLou Tov<i 8e

ovTO)<; dvacfypoprjaai vtto tov peXov?, ata-Te tov'^ aTe(j)d-

pov? pi\\}apTa<^, alcr^vvopevov^ evaveXOelp. "Erepot 8e
IS Trpo? avXop Kopv^avTioicri /cat
e/c^a/c^j^evot'rat. Tocrov-
TOJ^ eVrt TO SLOL(f)opop vyLov<i rj po^6iqpd<^ /xeXojSta?
dpanXrjcrOrjpaL. 'flcTTe t% i^vt'
817 KpaTovcrrjq TavTrjs
r]TTOP vplp pe0€KTeop, r)
ovtlpoctovp T(op alcr^iaTwv.
*Ar/iov? ye p-qp Trai/roSaTTov? r]Sopr]p oacppyjaeL (pepop-
20 rag t(o dipi KaTaptypvpat, rj pvpoL<i eaurou? dpa)(pcop-
pvcrdai, /cat
dirayopeveip ala)(ypopai. Tt o' at' rt?

etTTOt TTcpt TOV pT) ^pTjvaL Tct? cV y€va"€t StwKeti' r)hopd<;,

•^
ort KaTapayKdt,ovcTip avTai tov<? irepi ttjp kavTwv

drjpap eo^^oXa/cdra?, cocnrep Ta OpeppaTa, 77/309 r^i^

25 yacTTepa avppepevK6Ta<^ i,fjp ;

'EipI Se
Xdyoj, 7raPT0<; vTrepoirTeop tov (T(i)paTo<? tco prj

a»? fiop^opcp Tat9 ')78ovat<? avroC KaTopoipv)(Oai peX-

ei/

XopTL, 7] TocrovTou dpOeKTeop avTov, octop, cftrjcn UXdTOjp,

VTTiqpeatap (fiiXocrocfiCa KTcopepov;,

ioLKora ttov Xeycop ro)
 Aoros npo2 tots neots 3b

YlavXo), 09 TTapavei jx-qhefxiav ^prjvai tov cr(i)jxaTO^

Trpovoiav €)(€lu et? eTnOvixichv dffyopfj.rji'.

H tl Stac^e-

povcTLV ot TOV fxev (TcofjLaTO'?, 0)9 au /caXXtcrra €)(ol, <^pov-

tlC^ovctl, T-qu Se ^p'qaop.eviqv avTco ipv^^rju oj? ovSeuo^
5 d^iav TTepLopcoaL, tcov rrepi rd opyava cnrovSal,6ura)r,
Trj^ 8e 8t' avrojp ivepyovcriq'i Te^-q<^ KaTafxeXovuTcop ;

Udv jxev ovv TovvavTiov Ko\(il,eLV avro Kai Kare^et^,

/cat Tovg dn avTov
oicnrep d-qpiov ra? opfid'?, TrpocrrJKe,
6op}j/3ov<5 iyyivojxivov'; rfj ^v)(rj oiovel /xctcrrtyt tco

lo
XoyLcrfJi<^ K(xdiKvovjxivov<; Koiixil^eLv, dXXd prj, irdvTa

^oXlvov Tj^ovrj^ dvei>Ta<;, irepiopdv tov vovv, axxnep

y]vio^ov, vno ovcrrjviaiv lttttoju
v^pei (f)epop€ua>i> napa-
'

crvpofxepov ayecrOai /cat tov HvOayopov ixefivrjaOai, 09

Toju (TvvovTOiv Tiva KaTUfxadoju yvpva(Tioi<; re /cat crvrioi^

IS eavTov ev fxaXa KaTacrapKoviTa' Ouro?, e^yy, ov rravcry]

^aXenoiTepov creavTco KaTacrKevdt,oov to SecrpcoTTJpLov ;

Ato St) /cat UXdrcoi'd (fjaat, ttju e/c crcopaTo<; jSXd^rjv

7Tpoeib6ixevov,To vocrtooe'i ^^copCov Trj'^'ATTiKrj<; rr)v 'AKa-

87^/u.tW KaTaXa/3eLP i^enLTrj^eq, iva ttjv dyav evirdd eiav
20 TOV ad)iJiaTo<;, otou dpLTreXov ttjv et9 ra irepiTTa (f)opdp,

nepLKOTTTOL. 'Eyw oe /cat (T(f)aXepdp elvai Tr)v en aKpov

eve^iav laTpoiv rjKovcra.
"Ore Toivvv rj ayav avTiq tov (T(i)p.aT0<; eVt/xeXeta avTco
re d\ucrtreXT79 tco croijaart, /cat 7rpo9 ri^i' xjjv)^^]^ ipLTTO-

25 8toi^ eVrt, ro ye vTTOTTeTTTOiKevai tovtco /cat Oepaneveiv,

fiavCa cra(f)y]<;.
'AXXa
rourov ye virepopdv fieXe-
/z-]^!^
et

TtjcraLixev, cr)(oXfj y au aXXo rt tcou dv 6 poiTriv oiv davfxd-

(Taifxei^.
Tt yap ert ^py)(j6}xe6a ttXovtco, ra9 8ta tov

cr(u/xaro9 r]'^oi'dq aTLfxal^ovTes ; 'Eya> /^ez^ ov^ opco, TrXrjv

ST. BASIL 3
 34 Aoroz npos tots neots

et fiT], Kara tov<; eV rot? iJiv6oL<; hpaKovra^;, rjSovijv Tiva

(pepoL Orjcravpoi'^ KaropoopvypepoL'; iiraypynveLU. ^O ye

pr)v iXevOepio)'^ irpo'i to. rotavra hiaKelcrOai vreTratSev-
piuo^, TToWov au oeoi TajreLvov tl /cat
alcr^pov epyco rj

5
Xoyo) TTOTe irpoekeadai. To yap T'rj<; -^peia<; TTeptTTO-

Tepov, KOLf AvSlop y i/zr^y/xa, kclu roiv pvppiqKoiv epyov

ToaovTCi) tt\4ov art/xctcret,
oacoTrep au
TCiiv
')(pv(ro(f)6p(i)v,
'

rJTTOv Trpo(TO€r)TaL avrrjv oe SryVou Trfv -vpetap rot? Trj<s

<^vcrea>? ai^ay/caiot?, dW ov rat? -qSoual'; opulraL. 'Xl?
lo ot TOiv
ye avayKaioiv opcop e^oi yevopevoL, 7Tapa7rXr)(TCo)<s
rot? Kara tov Trpavov^; (j)epopevoi<;, 77^00? ovhev ardaLpou

e^ovTe<; dTTo/SrjuaL, ovSapov Tyjq et? ro Trpocroj (f)opd<;

icrravrai
'
aXX occoTrep av TrXeioi
TrpocnrepLjSdXcopTaL,
TOV L(Tov SeovTac Tj
/cat irXeiopoq tt/jo? ty}p rrjq eVt^u/xta?

eKTrXrjpcocnv, /caret top ^[L^yjKecrTLSov SoXcopa, o? <^7^o-t

'
IS

UXovTOV o ovolv Tipfxa Tve^aafJiivov dvSpacrt /ccirat.

Tft) oe ©eoyi^tSt TT/ao? raura StSacr/caXw -^prjcTTeop,

'

XeyoPTL

OvK tpa/xai TrXovTELV, oct eu^o/Aai, dAAa /xot €tr]

so Z/yv aTTo TtiJv

oXiywV) fx-qSiv e)(0VTi kukov.

Eyoj oe /cat
AtoyeVov? dyapai ttjp ndpTOiP opov to>p
dv6 pcDnlucDV vnepoxfjCap, 0? ye Kat /SainXeajq tov peydXov
eavTOP a7T€(f)r)pe nXovcncoTepop, tco iXaTTOPCop t] iKelpo<;
KaTOL TOP /Slop vpoa^elaOai. 'Hplp Se apa et
prj ra
''S Uvdiov TOV Mvcrov npoo-eLT) TdXaPTa, /cat irXedpa yi^?
roo-a /cat roo^a, /cat
^oaKrjpdTojp icrpol TrXetov? -^

dpi,6jX7Jaai, ovSep e'^ap/ce'crei. 'AXX', olpat, irpocnqKei

 Aoros npos tots neots 35

anoura re fxrf TroBeiv tou ttXovtoi', Kai 7rap6vTO<5, jxr)

rw KeKTTjcrOai fxaWov (ftpopelv r) rw etSeVat avTov ev
hiaTideaBai. To yap tov XcoKpaTov^ eu e'x^'' *^'^' /xeya
(jypovovvTO'i rrXovacov dpSpo<; inl rots xprj^xaaiv, ov
5 TTpojepov avTov Oavpidcreiv €(f>7], rrpiv av Ka\ otl Ke)(p'i]-
crOat, TovTOi<; eVtcrrarat
Treipadrjvai. *H <l>etStas jitet'
/cat noXvK:XetT09, et rw ^pvcrico peya ippovovv Kai rw
i\€(f)auTL, (hv 6 p.kv 'HXetot? tov Ata, 6 8e ri^i^ "Wpav

ApyetoL^ inoLr]<TdTr]v, KaTayeXdcrTco au rjcrTrfv aXXo-

lo
rpCo) ttXovto) KaXXojTTt^o'/xei^ot, d(^evTe<^ rrju Te^vrjv, v(j>
'

179 /cat 6 'xpvab^ rjSicou kol TijXLcoTepo^ dTTeSei^Or) r]ixeL<;

he, TTju dvdpoineiav dpeTrjv ovk i^apKeiv iavrfj 7rpo<;

KocTjJLou vTToXajx^di'ouTe';, eXctrroi'os aL(T)(vur]<; d^ia ttol-

elu olofxeOa ;

15 'AXXa hrjTa ttXovtov fxeu v7Tepo\\f6ixe0a, kou tcl^ Sia

T(t)i>
ala0T]cre(t)u rjSopd<; dTiixd(Top.ev, /coXa/ceta? Se /cat

6(iiTTeia<; Sico^ofxeOa, /cat r^*? 'A/o)(tXo^ov dXw7re/co? ro

KepoaXeop re /cat ttolk'iXov t,rjX(ii(Topev ;
'AXX' ov/c ecmv
o fxdXXop (f)evKT€oi> TO)
aoj(f)popovPTL TOV 77/309 So^av
2°
C??^? '^'ct'' '^^ '''o'-? TT-oXXot? So/coC^ra TrepicFKOTreiv, /cat /at)

TOi' opOov Xoyov rjyefJLOva TTOieicrOai tov /Slov, cocTTe,

Kav Trdcriu dv9pMiroi^ dvTiX4yeLV, Kav dSo^etf /cat klv^v-
veveip vTrep tov KaXov Sery, jjLrjSep alpelcrdaL tcop opOo)^
iyuMcrpeuojp TrapaKtvelv. *H tov p-q ovtco'; e^ovTa tl

25 TOV AtyvTrTLov ao(f)LcrTov cf)yj<Top€v dTroXeiTreiv, os (f)VTov

diqpiop, oiroTe ^ovXolto, /cat TTvp

/cat /cat vocop
iyiyveTo
Kai ndvTa -^pyjpaTa ; elirep Srj /cat avro? z^ut' pev to
OiKatov inaLvecreTat irapd rot? tovto TLpcocn, vvv ok
Tovs ivavTLOvs d^r/cret Xoyov^, oTav ttjv dStKiav evSo-
 36 Aoros npos tots neots

Kiixovcrav aldOrjTaa, oTrep Slkt] eVrt KoXaKcoi^. Kat,

axrirep cfyacrl tov TroXvTroSa ri^v -^poav TTyOo? Tr)v vnoKei-

fxeurju yrjv, ovto)<5 avTo? tyju Stctz^oiai/ Trpo? ras tcou

crvvovTOiv ypcofxaq /xera^aXetrai.

X. Let us gather up all the wise precepts of the pagans xohich may assist
us on our loay to eternity; store up knowledge for the future ; open
our ears to the maxims of reason, and retain whatever tends to elevate
the human mind.

5 'A\Xa ravra jneV ttov kolv rot? r)fjLeTepoL<g A.oyoi9

'

TeXeLorepoi' ixaOrjaojxeda ocrov oe crKLaypa(f)Lau tluo.

Trjq dperrj^;, to ye vvv elvai, e/c rwv e^oidev iraihevjxdTcov

TrepLypaxfjcofxeOa. Toig yap eTTt/xeXw? e^ eKoicrTov ttjv

dx^dXeiav ddpoi^ovcnv, (ocnrep rot? [xeyaXoL<; tcou irora-

lo
p,o)v, TToXXal yivecrOai iroXXay^oOev
at npocrOrJKaL irecpv-

KacTL. To yoLp /cat aixiKpov inl (Tp,iKpa> KaTariOecrOai,

ov jxaXXou et9 dpyvplov rrpocrOrJKrju, tj
/cat et? rjVTiva-
ovv eTTLCTTrjix'qv, opOax; e^'^iv -qyela-Oat rw TroLr)Trj npo-
crrJKeu. 'O fxev ovv Bta? roJ vtet, irpo^ AlyvTrriov^
15 a.TTaipovTL, /cat TTVvOavojxeuco
tl av 7TOLa)i> avrw fxaXicrra
"
/ce^a/3tcr/xeVa Trparrot, 'Ec^dStot', e^>7, vrpo? yrjpaq
'
"
KTiq<rdpevo% ri^v dperr]v Srj to e^dStoi^ Xeycju, p.i-

Kpol^; opoL^ avTTjv TTepLypoiff)^^, 09 ye

dvO poiTrivw /Sico

TTjp o-tt'
avTr]<; oj^iXeiav otpil^eTo. 'Eya> Se /cctf to
20 TiOoivov rt9 yy^paq, kolv to 'ApyavOcjinov Xeyrj, Kau
TO TOV ixaKpo/SicoToiTov TTap' rjjxlv MaOovcrdXa, 09
*

^tXta £Tr), TpidKovTa heovTOiv, /StaJuaL Xeyerat Kav

(T'vpiTTavTa TOV d(^' ov yeyovasv' duOpwiroL ^povov
dvapeTprj, a»9 eVt TTatSiou 8tar'ota9 yeXdcropat, €t9 tw
25
fiaKpov dTTOCTKOTToiv /cttt
dyrjpo) alcoua, ov irepa'; ovheu
 Aoros npo2 tots neots 37

icTTL rfi
inLuoCa Xa/Selv, ov fxaWop ye r) Tekevrrjv
VTTodicrdaL rrj^ aOavoLTov i/n^^^s. Hpo? ovnep KTacrOai
au ret e<^d8ta, -navTa Xidov. Kara. tt)V
rrapaLvecraLfx
TTapoLfJiLau, KLVovi/Ta<;,
odev av fxeWrj rt? vfxlu in avrov
5 o)(j)eXeLa y evrj a ea 6 at. Mt^S' oti ^a\e-a. Tavra koi
TTOvov Seo/xe^'a, Sta Tovr^ a-OKvy^aioixev
"

aXX at-a-

ixvy^adeura^ rov TrapaLveaavTO'^, on Seot fi'iov p-kv

oe
apiCTTov avrov eKacrrov TrpoaLpeicrO at, rjovi' irpoa-
hoKau Trj crvvr^Oeia yevijcrecrOaL, iyy;eipeiv rot? ^eKri-
ic (jTOL<;. Alcrxpov yo-p. top -rrapovTa Kaipov irpoepevov^;,
varepou ttot avaKokelcrOai to napeXdoi', ore ovoei^
ecrrat nXeou avitopdvoi^;.

'Eyoj pev ovu a KpaTLcrra elvai Kpivco, ra pev vvv

elprjKa, to. Se napa troiVTa rw /Slop vplv ^vp/SovXevcrco'

Se, rcu auLaTco
15 vpeL<; rpLOJu appcocrT-qparcov ovtchv, pr]
prjhe r-qv vocrop
npoaeoiKivai So^rjTe, Trj<; ypa)pr]<;

TTapaTrX-qcriap rfj eU ra awpara SvarvxTjcrdpTcop

tojp

SeL^rjre. Ot pep yap ra piKpa tojp rraOwp Kappopre<;,

'

avrol rovq larpoix; ep\oprai ol 8e vtto pet^opcop

napa
20
KaTaX-q(^6epre<; appcoarrjpdrcop, ecj)
eaurou? KaXovcn
'

Tov-i Be parr ever OPT a<; 01 Se et? dprjKecrrop TrapreXui^

peXay^oXia^ TTapepe^9ePTe<;. ovhe rrpocriepTai. O pr)

tcop
rrddrire pvv vpeZq, rov^ 6p6a)q e')(0PTa'; XoyicrpoiP

oiTTO(^eTjyoPTe^.
 NOTES
CHAPTER I

" The work is full of kindliness and wisdom, and forms a good example
mind by which Basil, ascetic though he was, could
of the flexibility of
throw himself with sympathy into the feelings of those whom a narrower
spirit or an attempt at dictation would doubtless have repelled."
R. Travers Smith, Life of St. Basil. —

Page 15, 1. 1. TO.: "the motives," "the reasons."

irapaKaXovvra to-riv periphrase for Trapo/caXe?. As in all languages,
:

so in Greek, the participle serves for various periphrases of the

simple tenses. These periphrases are employed to introduce em-
phatic or unusual turns of expression. For the number of ijTii/,
r. 101. 3 H. 604 G. 899.
; ;

<rv|xpov\€vo-ai : Y. 51. 2 ;
H. 851 ;
G. 1291.
xijiiv: Y. l;J9. 3; H. 775 ;
G. 1179.
3. tXofiei-ois: Y. 148 H. 9()9 d G. 15G3.
; ;
5.
ireir-io-TtuKa has a present meaning.
To T« "y^P Tl^iKias :
—
Iam an old man . . . and
Know the jarring wheels of this great world,
Its jealousies, it.s discords, and its strife.
— LoNGKELLOw, M. Angelo.

T|\iKCas oijTus t'xeiv: used with adverbs of place, time,

the genitive is

condition, degree, and separation, especially with exw. H. 757 ;

G. 1092.
To 'i\t\.v ... TO "yeYviivdo-Gai to (leTacrxetv these infinitives are used :

substantively, and serve for subjects to 7re7roir;Kev. Y. 146; H. 959 ;

G. 1510.
5. TTjs irdvTa iraiStvovo-ris [itTaPoXiis "The all-teaching vicissitude-" :

|x€TaPo\iis: Y. 138. 3; H. 737 G. 1097. ;

6. €(iir€ipov rStv dvOpwirivwv Y. 129 H. 754 a :

; ;
G. 1097.
7. a)o-T€ €X€iv : Y. 115. 3 H. 953 G. 1139.
; ;

(<a0to-Ta(i£'vois :
supply et's after this word.
39
40 Aoros npos tots neots

8. oSwv adjectives which have a partitive genitive usu-

d<r<j>aXe(rTdTTiv :

ally conform to it in gender, often appearing in the feminine or

masculine, where we might expect the neuter.
9. Y. 123; H. 776 G. 1181.
TTJ olKetoiiTi: ;

irapd '"By the bond (which comes) from nature."

Tfis <|)vcr€a)s :

10. eXttTTOv iraTtpwv Y. 133; H. 755; G. 1153.

:

13. El Sixoia-Qi Y. 144. 4 :H. 900 G. 1387. IV. ; ;

P. 16, 1. 1. 'Ho-ioSo) Hesiod, the father of the Boeotian school of

:

poetry. Born 735 b.c. His important works are Theogony, an

account of the origin of the world and the birth of the gods, and
Wo7-ks and Bays, a collection of precepts on rural economy and
maxims of morality.
2. |i€|xviio-9£ tS>v Ittwv : Y. 138. 4 H. 742 ;
G. 1102.
—
;

3. dpiCTTOV [Jl«V
K.T.X. :

OvTos fj.iv iravdpKTTOs, os avrf Travra vorjcrri,

^paacd/jLevos rd k fireira Kal es tAos fjcriv dfielvu).
'
'Eff^Xds 5' a'v KaKeivos, os eu elwivri irLdriTai
*0s 5^ Ke /xttjt' avrbs vo^rj uriT &Wov aKOViov
'El' dv/xtf pdWrjrai, 6 5' a^ir dxP'ffio^ dvqp.

Far best is he whom

conscious wisdom guides,
Who first and last the right and fit decides,
He too is good that to the wiser friend
His docile reason can submissive bend ;

But worthless be that wisdom's voice defies,

Nor wise himself, nor duteous to the wise.
— Hesiod, Works and Days, 285 et seq.

Virgil imitates this in his Georgics, Livy in Book XXII. Chap. 29,

Herodotus, Book VII. Ki, and Sophocles in Antigone, line 722.

4. tAv Tois €Tr6>j.€vov Y. 130. 3 H. 772 G. 1175.
:
; ;

7. 4>oiTto(ri is governed by v/xiv.

8. Tois eXXovCfiois: Y. 139. 4 ;

H. 775; G. 1179.
9. viiiv depends on XvaiTeXecxTepov.
11. •JiKw <rvHiPovX€vo-a)v
: Y. 149, N. 4 ;
H. 969 c ;
G. 1563.4,

CHAPTER II

18. T][i€is,
" we "= Christians.
" omnino.
Xpfifia gives ovd^v special emphasis. Nothing at all," nihil
19. Tov dvOpuirivov Piov tovtov "This life of ours." :

ovT d-yaGo'v k.t.X.: "Mind the things that are above and not the
things that are upon the earth."— Paul, Col. iii. 3.
21. dxpi TOVTOV supply ^iov.
:

OuKovv : word has a different meaning according to the way

this it

is accented ovkow = " not-tfierBfej-e." ovkovv = " therefore."

:
 NOTES 41

" the
^po^dvcov irepi<t>dv€tav :
parade of ancestry."

The noble blood of Gothic fame.

Heroes emblazoned high to fame
In long array. — Longfellow.
P. 17, 1. 1. av tiiroi : H. 872 G. 1328.
Y. 141 ; ;

2. o|iov Kpivonev : H. 72t5 G. 1077.

Y. 140. 3 ; ;

" Nor look with envious

T| diro|3\€iTO[iev tovs t'xovTas eyes on those
:

pos.sessing these advantages."

4. "A (i€v ovv
in this sentence XRV""-!-
:
depends on (pafj.^v, and the two
words are translated first.
iravxl o-Oe'vei
" With all our
6. :
might."
€|iKvov|x€va. €^i.Kvci(r6ai stands with ei's
— fTri — irp6s with the accusa-
tive or with the simple genitive.
8. avTov Piwo-6|i€0a this construction is more common in Greek than
:

in any other language. An accusative allied in stem or meaning

is joined with verbs of every sort.

9. (xaKpoTcpov TJ '£<j>iK£'or0ai sc. eanv. The infinitive after the compara-

:

tive. We have the same construction in Latin, except that we use

the subjunctive in Latin and the infinitive in Greek Longius est :

quam lit praesenti sermone aggrediamur. Y. 133, N. 3 H. 954 ; ;

G.1474.
rj
Kard
6p|iT|v r\
ko0' i|ids the particle rj followed by /card or
. . . :

with an accusative corresiJonds to the Latin quam pro with the

7rp6s
" in
ablative, and is rendered by proportion to."
10. [jiei^ovwv is in contrast with fiaKpSrepov.
"
14. Toiv d-yaGaiv tKcCvwv possessions of the other life." :

17. Twv dXrieiv diroXtiirtTai Y. 138; H. 749 G. 1120. :

;

18. MdWov Si 8id<j)opov

. "Or rather, to use a more suitable ex-
. . :

ample, inasmuch as the soul is superior to the body in every respect,

in so much is the difference between the two lives."

21.
"
Upol koyoi :
Holy Scriptures."
22. €iraKov€iv is governed by oUf re. Y. 145. N. 2 ;
H. 1000 ;
G. 1024.
23. €v «T€pois sc. X67ots.
:

24. wcrircp ev o-Kiais k.t.\. :

Informing them by types and shadows.

— Milton, P. L. XII. 232.
27. €v x£ipovo|ACais Kal opxTjo-eo-iv :
among the Lacedaemonians gym-
nastics and dancing were military exercises. Ducaeus remarks
of this passage : Basilius hoc dixit : Christianum ita adjuvari
profana ])oetarum et oratorum doctrina, ut milites gesticulandi
saltandique arte in suis exercitationibus adjuvantiir.
P. 18, 1. 2.
iroiTireov rifjiiv Kal iroviiTeov the verbal in t^os : is used fre-

quently throughout this address. For its construction, see Y. 132 ;

H. 988-992; G. 1173: 1594.

42 Aoros npos tots neots

tovtov (a-ycivos) " In

3. Iirl Ttiv irapao-K€vriv .
preparation for this
. . :

struggle." In explanation of this passage Ozanani writes "In :

tliis way the Greek Church accepted in part the literature of old,

as both a preparation for Christianity and as its proof as a ;

preparation, because philosophy had acted as a schoolmaster to

the heathen world, and it was fit, according to St. Basil, to steep
in the science of antiquity the young souls that aspired to become
Christian, that they might be imbued with the principle of the
Faith; as a means of proof, because Faith, its mistress, would act
herself upon the intellect which sought the light that it had per-
ceived afar off in the bosom of the Almighty." Civilization in —
the Fifth Century.
(Is Sxivajiiv, quoad possumus, pro viribus.
av ,i€\\xi «o-€o-eai : Y. 149. N. 6 ;
H. 846 ;
G. 1278. Note.
"i2a-n-tp ovv :
by some inferior composition
as dyers prepare the cloth
before they infuse the purple, so would St. Basil have the minds
of youth first initiated in pagan learning before they apply to the
sacred mysteries.
Tois «£w : sc. Traideij/jLaai. Y. 109 ;
H. 666 a ;
G. 962.
= "
TO, i^ut pagan teachings." St. Basil uses several
(iraiStvji.oTa)
expressions for pagan knowledge and pagan literature. In Chap.
III. we find dvpadev crocpia Chap. IV., nadrjuaTa to. e^c^dev. ;

01 j'^o) = pagan philosophers.

"
Kal olov iv vSari k.t.X. They should contemplate the Sun of Truth
:

as it is reflected on the waters of human literature, and then lift

their eyes to gaze on it in its full effulgence in the heavens."
A. T. Drane, Ch. Schools and Scholars. —
Mark Dryden's very close imitation of this figure :
—
For how can mortal eyes sustain immortal light ?
But a.s the sun in water we can bear.
Yet not the sun but its reflection there,
So let us view her here . . .

And take her image in this watery glass. Eleonora. —

CHAPTER III

18, 1. 16. El |jL€v: "If, then, there is any affinity between the two
literatures, the knowledge of them should be useful to us (in our
search after truth) if not, the comparison, in making us see the
;

contrast, will be very serviceable in strengthening (our opinion of)

the better one."
ti eo-Ti av yevoiTo the form of the conclusion does not always
. . . :

correspond to that of the condition. This happens especially when

 NOTES 43^

an indicative with el in tlie condition is followed in the conclusion

by an optative with dv and frequently the potential optative.
17. el Be jiVj when two hypothetical statements are contrasted and the
:

second negatives the first, it is introduced by ei 8i ht).

this whole proposition is the subject of
18. irapd.\\T|Xa ... to 8i.d4>opov :

i(TTi, which must

be supplied wiih ov tnKpdv.
19. t(vi is neuter.
20. TTjs tlKovos av Tvxois rvyx'i'"^ is a verb with many meanings and :

uses it is both transitive and intransitive. Here it means "to ob-

;

tain
" and takes the For the mood consult Y. 141 (1)
genitive. :
;

H. 872; G. 1328.
22. Kapir^: Y. 123; H. 776; G. 1181.

<{>epci
has for its subject the neuter plural 0y\Xo.
Koo-fiov Y. 124: H. 718 G. 10r,8. ; ;

23. Tois kXoLSois irepio-eiofieva Lit. " Which wave around the branches." :

P. 19, 1. 1. Kapiros (eo-rlv) rj d\T|9«ia k.t.X. " Let us be Catholics in this :

great matter, and burn our candles at many shrines. In the pleas-
ant realms of poesy, no liveries are worn, no patlis prescribed you ;

may wander where you will, stop where you like, and worship
whom you love. Nothing is demanded of you, save this, that in
all your wanderings and worships you keep two objects steadily
in view —
two, and two only, truth and beauty."
Aug. Birrell, Essay on Browning. —
2. GvpaOev <ro<}>£av : cf. 2 ;
toIs efw.
4. Mwiicnis «K£ivos : iKetvos placed after a proper name is emphatic like
ille in Latin.

6 irdvu = ^iya.% : Y. 109 ;

H. 600 ;
G. 938.
0. Tois Alyvvrioiv p,a8r|(iao-iv : "And Moses was instructed in all the
wisdom of the Egyptians. ." Acts ch. vii. 22. . .
—
" trained his intellect."
€-yYvjivao-d|i€vos ttiv Sidvoiav :

7. 01JT&) irpoo-cXSeiv rare, (ira firecra and ovtw are often used with the
:

principal verb after participles.

To« "OvTos the highest heathen philosophy strove to reach the neuter,
:

t6 6v. The revelation of Jehovah is of the masculine, 6 iliv.

8. Kal «v TOIS KdTw xpovois " So in later

:
days."
9. cirl BaPuXuvos "At Babylon." :

TTiv (ro(|>CavXaXSaiuv " And the king said to Asphenez, the master :

of the eunuchs, that he should bring in some of the children of

Israel that he might teach them the learning and the tongue
. . .

of the Chaldeans. Now there were among them of the children

. . .

of Juda, Daniel, Ananias. ." Dan. ch. i. 3, 4, 6. . .

—
10. TOTc, see oiiru;, line 7.

a»|/ao-eat irai8£«(idTwv : Y. 138. 3 ;

H. 738; G. 1112.
44 Aoros npos tots neots

CHAPTER IV
" He raaxiiiis in considering how much
(St. Basil) then applies these
of the old learning could be received, and how much must be cast away,
as with the poets the pictures of vice and of the nature of the false
gods, the voluptuous sentiments which too often formed the essence
of

the work, the fierce Paganism which knew neither sister nor mother, nor
any loving influence at the same time separating and prizing whatevi
;
i-

might tend to virtue in them."

— Ozanam.
11. *AXXo oTi, K.T.X. : but granting that such heathen learning is not
useless to the soul, the question remains, how are you to participate
in it?
(laGrj^aTa to, c^coBev see Chap.
ii. tois e^w. :

12. airwv : H. 737 G. 1097. 2.

Y. 138. 3. N. ; ;

15. irao-iv e(j>€|fis : "To

apply the mind to all without omitting a single
word." St. Basil does not mean to read some works and avoid
others, but to avoid certain passages.
17. aYairav t€ Kal ^ilXovv : sc. Set.

" Let us
type them in our own lives." — Tennyson, Prin. vii.
in. Srav . . . ^Xewo-i,: Y. 142. 2 ;
H. 8G0 ;
G. 1299. 2.
21. €K€ivoi : "the poets.''
I. to Eustathius St. Basil says: "The city on
: in Letter
2eipT|vo>v
the Hellespont passed by, more unmoved than any Ulysses pass-
I

Siren'' s songs.'''' Odyssey, XII, 158-200.

The Sirens were sea-nymphs who, by the sweetness of their voices and
the harmony of their songs, drew all who had the curiosity to
hear them, into a precipice. For which reason the poet Martial
" the
calls them pleasing pain," "the cruel joy," and "the agree-
•able destruction of travelers."
"There are no other means of escaping the allurements of pleasure
and ease, those dangerous Sirens to youth, than by stopping the
ears and flying from them, like the companions of Ulysses, or by
being tied down, like Ulysses himself." —Rollin, Belles Lcttres.
22. irpos Toiis 4>avXous tS>v Xo^tov for wpbs robs ^aijXovs X670US
: "For
familiarity with evil words is a sure road to evil deeds."
23. Aio 8ti irao-Ti k.t.X.:
wherefore every precaution must be taken to
prevent our souls from unconsciously imbibing evil influences
through literary gratification.
24. TT]pT]T^ov see troiTiTeov, Chap. ii.
:

8id, TTis Tuv Xo^cov Ti8ovfis

" I condemn not the
(itl words," says St. :

Augustine, speaking of Terence, "they are choice and precious

vessels but I condemn the wine of error, which is given us to
;

drink in those vessels by inebriated masters."

 NOTES 45

•irapa8€5d[j.evoi. Xd0w|x«v : Y. 148. 5 ;

H. 984 ;
G. 1586.
P. 20, 1. 1.
x^'^P"""" • from kukSs.
2. ov roLvvv k.t.X.: we shall not therefore praise the poets when they
revile or mock, or when they describe licentious, intoxicated per-
sons, when they define happiness as consisting in a laden table and
dissolute ditties.
6. IldvTwv St TiKicrTa least of all shall we attend to the poets when they
:

are talking about the gods, especially when their task is of many
gods, and those in mutual disagreement.
7. supply avrols.
8i.a\6"yo(A€'vois :

supply rbv vodv "We may as.sume it as a principle of the

irpoo-e'^oiitv : :

ancient languages, that as soon as a person or thing has been once

mentioned, and the reference to the same is sufficiently clear from
the verb itself, the object is not expressed. Buttman. —
"
8. ov8€ ojiovoovvTwv Nothing is more proper to convince us into what
:

extravagancies the mind of man is capable of falling, when estranged

from the true religion, than the description Homer gives of the
gods of paganism. It must be owned he gives us a strange idea of
them. They fall together by the ears, reproach and scandalously
abuse one another. They enter into leagues, and engage in oppo-
site parties. Adultery, incest, and other detestable crimes lose all
their blackness in heaven, and are held in honor there."
— RoLLiN, Belles Lett res.
9. 'AS€X<j>os "ydp k.t.X. : for among them brother is at variance with

brother, parent against children, and children wage a truceless war

against parents.
11. MoixeCas .
KaTaX.€i\|/o(i€v
. .
" shall leave to actors on the stage
: We
the gods' adulteries and amours, and specially those of Jupiter,
whom they describe as the chief and highest of them all things —
which could not be told without a blush, even of brutes." 'i'his
shows that the shameless and cruel theatrical exhibitions of earlier

days had not died out even in the fourth century.

17. Kal pi^Topcov K.T.X. : "And
we certainly shall not follow the example
of rhetoricians in the art of lying."
21. v6|iu) by the law of the Gospel.
:

22. *AXX.* €KEiva K.T.X. : but we shall rather take those passages of them
inwhich they praise virtue or condemn vice. "This was but saying
what Plato and Cicero had said before him, and it cannot be
charged to the account of a Christian prelate as narrow bigotry,
that he should insist on at least as much reserve in the use of
profane writers as had been required by the pagan moralists
themselves."— A. T. Dbane, Ch. Schools, Vol. I., p. 25.
29. Kara irdo-av k.t.X. Lucretius {de reriim Natura) has
: :
—
Floriferis ut apes in saltibus omnia bibant,
Omnia nos itidem depascimur aurea dicta.
46 AOrOS EPOS tots NE0T2

Just as the bee in flowery meads from ev'ry blossom sips,

E'eu so we feed ou every word that falls from goldeu lips.

Cowper says :
—
But they whom truth and wisdom lead
Can gather honey from a weed.

Gleim, the German poet :

—
With care the poisoned bloom I flee
And leave uncuUed behind.

P. 21, 1. 5. xaLptiv d(j>TiKav : Y. 51. 2 ;

H. 840 ;
G. 1292.
'Hfieis T€, K.T.X. : "The truest spirit of the Church is a spirit of
eclecticism and adoption. Believing herself the heir of all the
ages, she appropriates whatever is best in paganism or heresy,
assimilating it, as bees suck honey from poisonous plants, and
adapting it to her own pressing wants and necessities."
—
Rev. p. p. Sheehan, Triumph of Failure, p. 345.
11. Ev0vs oviv K.T.X. St. Basil says here that we must affix and adopt
:

all that we so collect to one great object, namely, the attaining of a

heavenly felicity according to the Doric proverb, we must make
;

fast our line to the stone that is to be raised. St. Gregory Nazianzen
cites this proverb in Letter XXXVIII., and St. John Chrysostom
in Homily XXV.
13. "irpoo-fiKt for wpocrriKei : aorist with present meaning.
ttotI is Doric for irpbs and rdi' for rrjv.

CHAPTER V
15. Ka\ tirtiSTJirep k.t.X. :
literally, "And since it is necessary for us to
advance ourselves to the future life by means of virtue." Supply
aiiTotJs with KadeXvai.
"H " What other
23. tC TTOTt aXXo k.t.X. meaning, may we suppose,
:

Hesiod had in mind in making thosp very verses which are on

"
evt-rybody's tongue, if not to exhort youth to virtue ?
24. ravrl the demonstrative pronouns append i and thus receive special
:

emphasis.
P. 22, 1. 2. "On Tpax€ia(j.€v : the verses are from Heslod's Works and
Days, line 285 ct seq. :
—
Ttjc fiiv Toi KaKdTrjTa Kat iXaSbv fcmv eX^adai
'Pri'iSlios XcIt] fji^v 656s, fxdXa 5' iyyiidi valei.
T^s 5 dpeTTJi tSpuJTa 6eoi irpoirdpoidev (drjKav
'
AddvaTOi fxaKpbi 5^ Kai 6pdios olfxos is avTTjv,
Kal Tprix^s Tb irpCiTov iir7)v 5' tls &Kpov iKTjTai,
'Ffl'idlT] 5ri fTreiTa wiXfi, xa^fTTj wep (ovffa.
 NOTES 47

Where Virtue dwells the gods have placed before

The dropping sweat that springs from every pore,
And, ere the foot can reach her high abode.
Long, rugged, steep th' ascent aud rough the road.
Tlie ridge once gained, the path so hard of late
Runs easy on, and level to tlie gate.

"It not granted to ' Not in the

i. o« iravTo's. HC. i^riv : is all men," or,

power of,"' etc.

" Nor is it
5. oiire Trpoo-pdvTi. granted to the one having set out."
:

"Avu " But to one who has reached the summit."

hi Y€vo(j.€vu)
6. :

" It is
virdpx*!. is used impersonally: possible."
11. irpoKaXovtievos future participle expressing purpose.
:

14. toiKOTa TovTois Y. 132; H. 773; G. 1175.

:

1-5. ets TavTov r^fxiv to the same end as with us.

:

17. 'i2s 8' kyij) K.T.X. "I have heard from one well able to interpret a
:

poet's mind that all Homer's poetry is a praise of virtue, and that
with him all that is not mere accessory tends to this end."
Tivos iiKOixra: Y. 138. 4 H. 742 G. 1102. ; ;

Seivov Karaiiaeeiv Y. 145. 3 H. 952 G. 1526. :

; ;
St. Basil refers here
eminent pagan rhetorician Libanius, under whom he studied
to the
rhetoric at Constantinople. For a full account of Libanius, see
Gibbon's Dpcline and FaU, Vol. III.
19. irpos TOVTO Y. 102. 3
: H. 632 G. 925, ; ;

20. o Ti [IT] supply ecrri.

irdpep-yov :

ov\ -qKio-Ttt Ozauani, commenting on this passage, says: "Homer

:

was, according to St. Basil, to be looked upon less as the narrator

of the fabulous loves of the gods, than as the learned oracle who
covered in allegoric form the wisest doctrines of antiquity, and
showed, under Ulysses, the symbol of worth for what could be ;

grander than the idea of that noble man arriving naked on the
Phaeacian shore, but enveloped, as in a cloak, by his courage, virtue,
and wisdom, so that the young princess, daughter of Alcinous, could
not look upon him without respect then appearing in their popular ;

assembly to confound it by his heroic aspect, all battered as he was

by battle and shipwreck, so that there was not one among them
but longed to be Ulysses even in his piteous plight."
£v ols in the verses in which.
:

Tov (TTpaTti-yov twv K64)a\Xif|vwv this leader of the Kephallenians :

is Ulysses, who led them to the siege of Troy. The island of

Kephallenia, or Cephallenia, is the largest in the Ionian Sea. It
is now under the protection of Great Britain.

22. Ttiv Pao-iXiSa Odyssey, Book VI. 135.

:

23. agrees with ffTparrtyov.

<)>ave'vTa
Too-ovTov 8€iv Y. 147, note H.
: ;
9-56 ;
G. 1534.
26. itroLi\irt has for its subject "O^cpos understood.
48 Aoros npos tots neots

26. #aCa|i. a fabulous people, spoken of in the Odysseij, inhabiting the

:

ishxnd Scheria, the modern Corfu. They are described as an effemi-

nate race, whence Horace uses the expression pinguis Phcea.
27. €K£ivov =" Ulysses."
28. 6v Tu t6t€elvai Y. 147, note H. 956 a G. 1535.
:
; ;

P. 23, 1. oTi often introduces a direct quotation.

'3. find it occasion- We
ally in St. Luke.
'ApTiTfjs K.T.X. "Be virtue your care, O men, which alone swims to
:

land with shipwrecked possessor, and renders him, when cast

its

naked on the shore, more noble than the prosperous Phaeacians.

6. Kal 7dp ovTtos e'x"' ^^'^ *^ hahe.t, " And truly this is so."
'

Td |x£v aXX.a k.t.X. "In fact, other possessions are not more the
:

X)roperty of the possessors than of any one else they are like dice ;

thrown hither and thither in a game. Virtue alone of all posses-

sions is the one thing that cannot be taken away, and remains with
us alive and dead."
9. \\ dptTTi dvtt<j>aCp€Tov : Y. 102. 3 ;
H. 633 ;
G. 924 a.

11. SoXiov : the great Athenian lawgiver, 638-559 b.c.

(ioi 8oK€i
"I think." :

12. to: "that expression."

13. 'AW' T)n€is ovTois ; these lines are attributed to Solon by Plutarch
in the tract irQi^ civ ns vv ix^pQv (bcpfXoTro, but tliey occur among
the elegiac Gnomae of Theognis, lines 316-318. The lines in

verse :
—
Some wicked men are rich, some good are poor,
We change our virtue for their store.
will not
Virtue's a thing that none can take away,
But money changes owners all the day.

14. TO p.ev : i.e. aper-f].

15. dvepw-irwv is governed by axXos.

16. napa-irX^o-itt . tov'tois Y. 131
. . : 11. 773 G. 1176.
—
; ;

Td 0e6-yvi8os : the original lines are :

Zei)s 7ap rot rb rdXavTov ewippeirei dWore dWus

"AXXore fji^v TrXovreXv, dWore piTjd^v ex^"'-

Theognis was born at Megara in Achaea, in the fifth century b.c.

" Whatever he means
17. ovTiva 8ii Kal 4>tio-iv by God." :

TO TaXavTov " Inclines the scales for men."

Tois dvOpio-n-ois tiripp€ir€iv :

Homer (//. XXI\'. -".27) describes the same idea by the ingenious
fiction of two urns :
—
Two urns by Jove's high throne have ever stood,
The source of evil one, and one of good ;

From thence the cup of mortal men he fills,

Blessings to these, to those distributes ills. Pope. —
 NOTES 49

The figure of the scales is also used in the Iliad, Book VIII. 69
and Book XXII. 209. The Scripture says The judgments of the :

Lord are a weight and balance. — Prov. xvi. 11.

20. npoSiKos Prodicus, the celebrated sophist, was a native of Jnlis in
:

the island of Ceos, and lived about four hundred and twenty years
before our era.
irow . . . Twv . . .
<rvy7pa|i|idTa)v : "Somewhere in his writings."
Genitive after wov.
23. "Ex€i 8e ovtw k.t.\. : "so far as I recollect his sentiments they are

something to I do not remember the exact words, but

this effect.
the sense in plain prose is as follows."
26. "On vto) K.T.X. this story of the choice of Hercules is used in the
:

following authors Xenophon's Memorab. II. 1. § 22 Cicero, De :

;

officiis, 1. § 32 Silius Italicus, De Bel. Fun. XIV. 23 Dion ; ;

Chrysnstom's liegnum ; and in the Somnhim of Lucian.

28. Pov\«vofi6va) :
"deliberating."
" The one
P. 24, 1. 1. K.T.X.
TT^v Sitt leading through toil to virtue."
Tuv :

3. €v&vs \i-iv "though they said not a word, their difference

K.T.X. :

appeared straightway from their mien."

5. KO(ji|Aa)TiKTis : SC. rix^n^-
sis KdUos: "With a view to beauty." Y. 99; H. 796 c; G.
1222. 2.
6. viro Siappeiv : deliciis defluere.
Kal irdvTa
Tp\)<}>Tis

eo-jiov k.t.X. : Grotius has :

—
Et huhnisse ex se pendentem totum voluptatis apparatum.
8. 'i\Kiiv K.T.X.: "Endeavored to draw Hercules to her side."
9. TTjv 8' €T€pav K.T.X.
emaciated and squalid i "The other (Virtue) all

looked earnestly at the lad, and spoke in quite another tone."

13. 'AeXov K.T.X. (She told him) that as a reward for all these (suffer-
:

ings) he would become a god, so Prodicus

tells us. The latter
Hercules finally followed.
14. rfirep Y. 139. 3 H. 772 G. 1175.
:
; ;

15. T€\£VT(ovTa the present participle of TeXeindu} is used with verbs in

:

"
an adverbial sense " at last," "at the end," finally." :

CHAPTER VI
19. Tois Xo-yoDS :
supply ai^TtDc.

20. axpi pTi|i.dTwv : no farther than words.

21. f'p-yio PePaiwv : confirms in act.
22. Olos ire'irvvTai k.t.X. : this verse is taken from the Odyssey, Book X.
494, where it is said of Tiresias :
—
T^J Kai TeOvrjOiTL v6ov irbpe Ylepjerpdveia.
01(2 weiTvucrdai toI di (XKial aicrffovffi.

ST. BASIL 4 .
50 Aoros npo2 tot2 neots

The rest are forms of empty ether made,

Impassive semblance and a flitting shade.
— Pope.
Tol : Homeric form of ol.

23. Kal |ioi 8oK€i K.T.X. : the sense of this sentence is as follows and the :

case seems to me as though a painter had represented a sitter as a

marvel of manly beauty, and then he proved to be in reality what
the artist had painted on the canvas. avr6s = person painted ;

eKeivos = painter.
" in
P. 25, 1. 3. els TO J1.60-0V
:
public."
" to stretch out
Kal ixaKpovs virtp atiTiis diroreCveiv \6yovs : long speeches
about it." Lucian {Bis. Ace, .".o)
lias :
eyw di, di AfSpes SiKaffral,
diTOTelveiv ovk &v e^ov\oixr)v rovs \6yovs irpbs vp.as dXXd
fiaKpovs fj.iv

Karot fiiKpov wcnrep e'lwda.

" in
4. I8((j: private."
5. TO . . .
€x«iv is governed by Tifj.q.v.
" in this sentence.
6. Ti[«.(jv
means " to prefer
9. Tvxov Y. 140. 2. 1 H. 973 G. 1569.
: ; ;

10. dvttp(jio<rTov auTw not matching his voice. ;

11. Kal xopo^ Kopv<|)aios k.t.X. nor would the leader of a chorus (tolerate :

willingly) a chorus that did not chant

in tune.

12. AvTos Be Tis k.t.X. ipse vero a se ipso quisque dissidebit nee vitam :

ejusinodi exhibehit quae sermoni congruat.

— Migne.
\]. ToisXovois: Y. 139. 2; H. 773; G. 1175.
14. dXX' -yXwTTa k.t.X. this is from the tragedy Hippoh/tus of Euripides
:
:

T)
"
"My tongue hath sworn, but my mind is unsworn or, "I have ;

said it, but don't mean it." This is what the Scripture calls hav-
locuti sunt. Os
ing two tongues or two hearts, in corde et corde
bilingue destestor,
" I hate a double
tongue," says Solomon. Homer
has —
Who dare think one thing and another tell.
—
My heart detests him as the gates of Hell. Pope, II. IX. 142.

Justin Martyr quotes the verse in his First Apoiogi/. § 39. Cicero's
version runs: Juravi lingua, mentem injuratam gero {De Off.
3. 29. 108).
" The mouth has spoken,
Cooper in Chap. XXIX., Last of Mohicans :

wliile the heart said nothing."

17. aSiKtas opos :
" the extreme of iniquity."
TTjs
Tt :
literally, "as
to anything."
18. nXATUvi ircteto-eai Y. 139. 2 :
;
IT. 704. 2 ;
G. 1159: 1100.
TO SoKtiv K.T.X. Cicero has imitated this in the De Offiriis. I. § 13
:
:

2'otius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior est qnnm eornm qniquum

maxime fallunt, id agunt, iit viri boni esse videantur. St. Gregory
Nazianzen, in his funeral oration over St. Basil, says
"He strove :

not to seem good, but to be so in reality."

 NOTES 61

CHAPTER VII
" this then is tlie
19. Toils |J.£v K.T.\. way we are to receive the passages
:

of those discourses which contain suggestions of good deeds."

20. 'EireiSri . . .
StacrtotovTai : in causal clauses, iireidii takes the indicative.
"
21. T] fi.vT|(nis
dKoXou9la :
by tradition."
23. <|»jXaTT6|A€vai : refers to Trpd^ets.

«(j)eX«Cas : Y. 138. 1 ;
H. 748 ;
G. 1117.
dTro\€nrciHi€0a : Y. 141 (1); H. 800; G. 1344.
24. Olov '"as for example," "for instance."
—
:

" taunted him in loud derision." Hiawatha.

6\oi86p€i :

UipiKXia this story is from Plutarch's Life of PerirJps^, Chap. V.

:

Pericles was the greatest of Athenian statesmen. He died 429 b.c.

Tu)v «| d-yopds Tis dvOpw-irwv
" a man in the street." :

" Pericles
25. 6 8e oi irpoo-eix€ sc. rbv vovv paid no attention."
:
;

P. 26, 1. 1. irXvvwv ovtov wXivui literally means "to wash," but here :

" to
"revile," corresponding to our colloquial expression give any
one a dressing," and in French, laver la tete a qnelqu''un.
2. OX) p'Xov aviTw Y. 149. 2. 1 H. 973 G. 1509.:
; ;

lo-n-epas ti5t] Kal (tkotovs

Y. 120 H. 759; G. 1130. :
;

4. oirws aviTtp |j,tj 8ia4>6ap€iTi ai)ra3 refers to Pericles. Y. 115 H. 881 :

; ;

G. 1302.
5. EvkXcCSti Euclid of Megara, disciple of Socrates. Euclid the mathe-
:

matician was an Alexandrian.

M€Yap60£v Y. 127, N. H. 217 G. 292.
:
; ;

0. -irapo^Dv0€ls Y. 1.39. 2 H. 704. 2 G. 1158.

:
; ;

7. f\ (J171V
is the usual formula in oaths and strong affirmations. It may
" in
be translated "by all means" or very truth."
•iravo-siv
" make him cease."
:

8. i'xovra has a passive meaning. Y. 148. 3 H. 981 G. 1580. (x<^ ; ;

with an adverb, as we saw before, means "to be."

9. el(r£\6€iv ttjv nvrjiAiiv we find the same expression in Latin, in :

mentem venire.
10. ov Kia-nvriov dirXws : non temere credenchim.
11. Xiyovcrr^: Y. 148; 980; G. 1503. 1.
II.

'Ett' €x'epovs : Sommer observes that St. Basil does not give the exact
words of Euripides :
—
'AttXoOs iir' ix^poh OTrXl^eLV x^pa.
The charge against foes is simple ;
arm thy hand !

Horace has in the Ars Poetica :

—
Rabies armavit Archilochum propria iambo.
12. Siavio-Tao-eai : sc. ov dei. Y. 41. 1 ;
H. 812 ;
G. 1244.
TO irapd-irav : in 2inirersnm.
52 Aoros npos tots neots

14. verbs signifying "to permit" are accompanied

iq,v €K<|)€'p€o-eai
: all

by a idco, which takes the infinitive.

participle except
P. 26, 1. 15. 'EiravaYwjxev St tov \6-yov av6is k.t.X.: Grotius has: Sed
ad alia laudihilUer factorum cxempla uiide abierat redeat oratio.
Cicero De Divinat. I. 49 Sed unde hue digressa est, eodem redeat :

oratio.
2<o4)povCo-Kow :
Patronymic.
SwKpdTTiv : Emerson says of Socrates : "He was a cool fellow, add-
ing to his humor a perfect temper."
18. «(j.ir€o-iov
: from ifnrlirTuj.

dvTfiptv x^W- Socrates made no resistance, but allowed

: sc. T7]v
the drunken fellow to take his fill of frenzy, so that his face was
swollen and wounded from the blows.
19. Tfjs op-yfjs €(ji4>op€i<r9oi
: Y. 138 ;
II. 743 ;
G. 1113.
23. 6 8eiva : Y. 38, N. 2 H. 279 ; ;
G. 420.
tiToCti : like hoc fecit in Latin.
24. Tols TUJieTtpois :
supply irapayy^'KiJ.aa-i.
26. TO : "the example."
" is akin."
d8£\<j>6v :

P. 27, 1. 1. T(p Tovs SitoKovras :

supply ddeXtpdv icm vapayy^Xixari.
WTTOfitveiv : sc. 5e?.

2. TTis op^ris dv€xeo-eai

the genitive is used with verbs which contain :

the idea of subjection or endurance.

" in these
3. tv TovTois pagan examples.":

4. ovK en k.t.X. : " We'll no longer regard Christian precepts as im-

practicable."
8. alo-xpov K.T.X. "for he thought it shameful that a conqueror of
:

men should be conquered by women."

9. Y. 138; II. 749; G. 1120. The same story is :
YwvaiKoiv ^iTTTiefivai
told of Cyrus in the Cyropaedia.
" that
€K6ivtp :
precept."
10. irpos TiSovTiv : i.e. impurely.
" Even but
Kdv (I'll though he did not actually commit adultery,
:

he is not free from

by having received the desire into his mind
guilt."
12. TOV l7KXf||xaTos : Y. 1.38. 3; II. 746; G. 1129.
13. TO TOV KXeivCov : "The action of Clinias."
17. dirtTicrt solvere maluit. :

18. dKovo-as K.T.X.: "Having heard, it appears to me, of the precept

which forbids us to swear." St. Basil probably refers to Deut.
V. 11, or Lev. xix. 12.

19. TiHiiv
Y. 139. 2
: U. 7G4. 2 ; G. 1159. ;
 NOTES 53

CHAPTER VIII

20. ds TavTov: "to the same subject." For the form tcxvtov, see Y. 36.
N. 2 ;
11. 265 ;
G. 400.
" We must not take
21. ou irdvTo e^fjs k.t.\. everything indiscrimi-
:

nately,but only what is profitable." irdvTa e^rjs Cicero {De :

" Vendit Italiae

Lege Agrar. I. 2. 4) has: possessiones ex ordine
omnes.''^
22. Kal 7dp at<rxp6v "As it would be shameful to neglect nourishing
:

food, so in the case of lessons (it would be shameful) to take no

account of what keeps the soul alive, but like a mountain torrent
to sweep in everything which happens to be in our way."
P. 28, 1. 2. KvP€pvT|Tt]v K.T.X. : "The pilot does not trust himself rashly
to the winds."
8. rd :
" Our interests."
T)|jicTepa
11. aXo-iois: Y. 139. 3; H. 773; G. 1175.
" Were no
13. Tiiiiv vov Ka9«to|J.evow
. . .
intelligence sitting at the tiller :

of our souls, we should be dashed up and down in the voyage of

life like boats without ballast."
15. 'AW* uo-irep k.t.X. " It is just as in athletic competitions, or, if you
:

like, in music."
"
22. MCX.WV Milo, too, could not be pushed off his greased shield, but,
:

pushed as he was, held on as tightly as statues fastened by

lead."
Milo was a native of Crotona and a celebrated athlete. He was six
times victor in wrestling at the Olympic games and as often at the
Pythian. Passing through a forest, in his old age, he saw the trunk
of a tree which had been partially split open by wood-cutters and
attempted to rend it further. The wood closed upon his hands
and thus held him fast, in which state he was devoured by wolves.
He died at the end of the sixth century b.c.
19. Kal dira^airXws"And in one word." :

25. Mapo-vov Marsyas. A satyr of Phrygia, who, having found the flute
:

which Minerva had thrown away on account of its distorting her

features, discovered that it emitted, of its own accord, most beautiful
strains. He challenged Apollo to a contest, and the Muses gave
the decision to Apollo. As a punishment for his presumption
Apollo bound him to a tree and flayed him alive.
26. Elir«pi€ipYatovTO av 'irv^ov Y. 144. 2 H. 895 G. 1397.
. . . :
; ;

28. o-T64)dva)v ^ So^Tjs Y. 138. 3 H. 739 G. 1099. :

; ;

" Nor
t) 8i€4>vyov
K.T.X. escaped ridicule for their bodily incapacity."
:

29. 6 Ti|x<59eos an Athenian musician, died 357 b.c.

:

P. 29, 1. 2. 8iTi-Y«v "spend his time." :

Ow -yap " for (had he done so) it would not have been his lot to sur-
:

pass all the world in music."

54 Aoros npos tots neot2

4. cImttc Kal 6v|a6v k.t.X. :

Dryden says in " Alexander's Feast" :
—
"
Timotheus, to his breathing flute
And sounding lyre
Could swell the soul to rage or kindle soft desire."
" this skill when once he played in
6. TavTT) (Tt'xvT)) K.T.X. :
by Phrygian
strains to Alexander, he is said to have roused the king to arms in
the midst of a banquet and then by gentler music to have restored
him to his boon companions."
Dryden has :
—
" Soothed with the sound the
king grew vain,
Fought all his battles o'er again.

The king seized a flambeau with zeal to destroy."

Then
Softly sweet in Lydian measures,
'

Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures."

7. TO ^piyiov the Greeks had four modes in music

:
The Phrygian, :

which was solemn and used to inspire those going to war the ;

Doric, for religious and martial purposes the Lydian, plaintive ; ;

the Ionic, gay, flowery, and brilliant.

" Ih vlew of the
11. irpos TTiv Tov Tc'Xovs KTTjo-iv object to be attained."
:

13. 'Eirel <rTe4)dva>v Kal deXtiTuiv In letter CI. St. Basil says: "Just as :

athletes win crowns by their struggles in the arena, so are Chris-

tians brought to perfection by the trial of their temptations."
16. tv iraiBoTpCpov ware kotLvov Xa^eiv k.t.X. These crowns
: sc. yv/xvacrlip
were designedly of small value in themselves, in order that the
competitors might be stimulated by hopes of fame and glory,
which, indeed, always attended those who were victorious. The
crowns were of four kinds The olive, parsley, pine, and laurel. :

24. 'Hfj.iv 8€ K.T.X. i]/xiv is governed by virdp^ei

:
"will it be possible for :

us, to whom are held out prizes whereof the marvellous

number
and splendor are beyond the power of words to tell who are fast —
asleep, and live a life of indulgence, to seize them without effort."
Literally, "to sleep on both ears to seize with one hand
" — —
proverbial expressions implying the indifference of those
who use
no effort to seize opportunities.
29. rd TTpwra . Would carry off the first prize."
. . :
"
€(j)6'peTo
P. 30, 1. 1. Aristotle speaks of this satirical poem, and
Kal 6 MapYtrris :

does not seem to doubt that Homer is its author. According to

St. Clement of Alexandria these are the verses of which St. Basil

speaks :

Tbv d'ovT &f-) ffKairTTJpa deal 6^<Ta.v. ovt dpoTTJpa.

OvT ctXXa^s TL co(p6v wda-qs 5' rip-dpTavt t^x^V^-
 NOTES 55

4. AXXd |iTi d\Ti0TJs: "is there not rather truth in the expression of
Pittacus, who
said, It is hard to be good." e/x^tewt, Epic for
elvai. Pittacus of Mitylene in Lesbos, was one of the seven wise
men of Greece, b.c. 606.
'^
5. Aid iroXXwv: Horace, Satij-e I. 9: Nil sine magno vita labore dedit
mortalihus.''''
6. TwovTi: "mdeed," '-really," "actually."
8. Ov ij\ ovv K.T.X. : To
discern the immortality and dignity of the
soul, and to make a suitable provision for it in this short state of
probation ;
not to lose those great hopes on account of the brief
indulgences of sloth, not to expose ourselves to reproach and pun-
ishment under the earth, or whatever part of the universe is the —
scene of God's righteous judgments such, to sum up what St. Basil ;

says in this chapter, is our tremendous stake in this present life.

CHAPTER IX
19. -iroidifjiev : Y. 141. 3 ;
H. 866. 3 ;
G. 1358.
Ti aWo 7« K.T.X.says that our best provision must be for
: St. Basil
the soul that we ought by means of philosophy to release her from
;

fellowship with all bodily appetites as we might from a dungeon,

and, at the same time, make our bodies superior to our appetites.
25. Tuv iraGuv Kpeirrov Y. 133 H. 643 G. 1153. :
; ;

•yao-Tpi |JL€V -ye rd dva-yKaia viT-T]pToiivTas :

"supplying of necessaries
for our stomachs."'
P. 31, 1. 1. oix\ Ttt TiSicrra : '"but not dainties."
4. olov Tivi x*^*'"''? Sto-iroTTj «{>6poDS dira-yovrcs : "Like those bearing
tribute to some stern tyrant."
5. do-xoXias causal genitive.
:

6. irvp ^a£vovT€s «ls this does not mean "flogging fire," as Erasmus,
:

Schottus, and others have interpreted it, but simply "carding," or

"combing wool into the fire."
7. Kal (is T€TpTi(i€'vov dvTXovvT€s iTiOov the allusion is to the Danaides, :

who, for the murder of their husbands, were condemned to draw

water in sieves.
Or the false pails which often being filled with pain,
Received the water, but retained it not. Sir John — Da vies.
8. Kovpds 86 K.T.X. : to pay more than necessary attention to our hair
and dress as Diogenes phrases
is, it, the part either of the unfor-
tunate or of the wicked.
9. €|(i)
Toiv dva-yKaiwv : Y. 99 ;
H. 757 ;
G. 1148.
Svo-TuxovvTtov . . . dSiKotivTuv : Y. 138. 2 H. 732 c ;
;
G. 1094. 1.

Ti -ydp K.T.X. " What does it matter to a man with

11. :
any sense
whether he wears a grand state robe, or wears a common one, so
"
long as it serves to keep off heat and cold ?
56 Aoros npos tots neots

14. Kal TcLXXo K.T.X. in other matters necessity is to be the rule, and :

the body is only to be so far regarded as is good for the soul.

15. KaT£<rK«vacr9ai iripUirnv are governed by (p-n/xi deTv understood.
. . . :

" to be a
18. KaWcoTricTTTiv slvat :
fop."
" a body pamperer."
<|>i\oo-«|AaTov :

23. oTi ov TO 6pco(A€v6v icTriv 6 avGpwTTos this sentence is taken from :

and the same idea is developed in the first part of St. BasiPs
Plato,
Third Homily "That which is seen is not the man we need a : ;

superior degree of wisdom to attain the knowledge of ourselves."

" The
25. ToOto k.t.X. St. Synesius says something to the same effect
:
:

untrained mind cannot endure the full blaze of truth any more
than the eye can behold the mid-day sun.''
28. ws cliretv: the infinitive with ws is used somewhat like the
. .

adverbial accusative. Y. 147, N. H. 956 G. 1534. ; ;

P. 32, 1. 3. Twv tl/vx"" Karaxeiv with the genitive Karax^'iv means "to :

occupy," ''to possess."

4. 'AvaX6u9€pias Y. 138 2; H. 750; G. 1094. : 1.

5. eY7iv€o-eai: Y. 145; II. 948; G. 1519.

6. €Tepav sc. novaLKTjv. :

7. tJ Y. 139. 3; H. 777; G. 1181.

:

" And e'en fierce

8. «K TTis |iavias anger's furious rage disarms."
:

— KiRKE White.
"
12. TO Awpiov according to the Doric mode.":

KopuPavTioio-i the Corybantes were priests of Cybele in Phrygia,

:

who celebrated her worship with wild dances.

" I am ashamed to defend "
15. atcrxvvofiai with an infinitive means, (and
therefore do not) with a participle, " I defend with shame." ;

20. dt'pi : Y. 139. 3 ;

H. 772 ;
G. 1175.
24. irpos TT]v yo.o'Te'pa propensa in ventrem ac Ubidine vivere cogant.
:

COMBESIS. —
P. 33, 1. 7. KoXd^€Lv Kal KaTe'xetv Y. 145 H. 949 G. 1517. :
; ;

'•
avPTO : the body."
Koi|Ai5«iv
= consoplre, scdare.
12.
" with violence" dative of manner.
ijppei :
;

14. KaTaHLaGtiv Y. 148. 1 H. 982 G. 1582. :

; ;

•yviivao-Cois Kal o-itCois Y. 123 M. 776 G. 1181. :

; ;

" outos is often used as a vocative or exclamation.

15. Ovtos '• Alas :
;

TO -yt
Ei submittere se et obsequi manifesta fuerit insania.
K.T.\. :

tt)v 'AKa8ii|iCav: an unhealthy tract of land six miles from Athens,

where Plato and his followers met.
18. iravo-Ti KaTao-Keva^wv : Y. 148. 3 ;
H. 981 G. 1580.
;

19. I'vtt . '.

irepuKoirToi
. : Y. 115. 1 ;
H. 881 G. 1369.
;

21. €lvai : Y. 110. 1 H. ;

946 ;
G. 1481.
25. TovTu : the body.
27. tl |A€X€Tfio-ai|j.£v : Hv 0avfj.d<raiiJ.€v : Y. 144. 4; II. 900; G. 1408.
 NOTES 57

P. 34, 1. 1. SpdKovras the Arimasi^i. a one-eyed race of northern Scythia,

:

who fought with the griffins for tlie possession of the gold in the
neigliborhood.
4. iroWov ov St'oi: Y. 138. 1 ;
H. 743 b. ;
G. 1115.
5. TO yap rf[s xpeias irtpiTTOTepov :
Quidquid usum excedet.
Av8iov "
6. Lydian gold."
\|/Ti-y|Aa Pactolus, a small but celebrated
:

river of Lydia, whose golden sands have passed into a proverb,

and were one of the sources of ancient Lydia's wealth.
|ivp^f)K(uv xpv(ro(|)6pajv ''Or the work of the gold-gathering ants."
:

The ancients believed that there were ants in India that extracted
gold from the earth.
15. 'E|tik€o-ti8ov :
Tatronymic.
P. 35, 1. 1. iroGeiv 1. N. H. 742 b G. 1108.
: Y. 138. ; ;

5. irpoTspov av TrtipaGrivai Y. 142. N. 1

. . .
irpiv H. 955 a G. 1474. :
; ;

6. "H 4>€i8[as K.T.X. If riiidias and Polycletus had been very proud of
:

the gold and ivory which had served to make the statue of Jupiter
of Elis and Juno of Argos, they would have been laughed at, since
they would have been forgetting their art, which added beauty and
value to the gold, and boasting of a richness not their own.
Phidias, the greatest sculptor of Greece, was born at Athens b.c. 490.
Polycletus flourished b.c. 452-412.
15. 'AX\d SfjTa K.T.X. Of fame and glory, St. Basil observes in this
:

passage, that nothing is more unworthy of a wise man than to

make popularity the main endeavor of his life for he must pos- ;

sess the craft and subtlety of Archilochus's Fox. St. Basil refers
to the fable invented by Archilochus of Paros, satiric poet, who
was the first to write iambic verses.
19. Tov . .
^fj" infinitive used as substantive
. : in genitive governed ;

by /xdWov.
25. Al-yv-iTTtov (ro<}>i(rTov : the allusion is to the fable of Menelaus and
Proteus in the Odyssey (Book IV. 455) and is imitated by Virgil in
the Georgics (Book IV. 386). Proteus, the Egyptian sophist, was
wont to assume every possible shape in order to avoid prophesying,
but whenever he saw his endeavors were vain, he told the truth.
P. 36, 1. 1. Kal, oio-irep k.t.X. "as they say the polypus changes its color
:

according to the ground it lies upon, so he will change his mind

according to the opinion of those who are with him."
Pliny says of the polypus (IX. 29) Colorem mutat ad similitudinum :

loci : maxime in metu.

CHAPTER X
"To sum up all in a few words, reason, then, after having graced
the understanding of a student with the knowledge of all human
sciences, and strengthened his heart with all the moral virtues,
58 Aoros npos tots neots

must at length resign him into the hands of religion, that he may
learn from thence how to make a right use of all that has been
taught him, and be consecrated for eternity. Reason should inform
him that without the instruction of this new master, all his labor
would be but a vain amusement, as it would be confined to earth,
to time, to a trifling glory, and a frail happiness that this guide ;

can lead man up to his beginning, carry him back to the bosom of
the divinity, put him in possession of the sovereign good he aims
at, and satisfy his immense desires with a boundless felicity."
—
RoLLiN, Belle.t Lettres.
5. irov with an accent = " where. " — irov without an accent, "
assuredly."
Kdv : Kal ii>. Kal "also."
:

7. TO vvv (Ivai : Y. 147. N.

G. 1535. H. 956 a ; ;

8. Tois yap k.t.X. Qid enim cliligenter ex quacitnque re xttilitatem col-

:

ligunt Us quasi magnis fluminihus solent undecunque fieri acces-

siones multae.
11. To " the maxim," which is from Hesiod, Works and Days, 359
: :
—
Et yap Kev Kal cfiLKphv eiri fffxiKpiii Karadeio
Kal dafia tovt tpdois ra-xa Kev /x^ya Kal rb yivoiro.
If with a little thou a little blend

Continual, might shall the heap ascend.

KaTarCOco-Sai and Tj-ycio-Oai are governed by irpoa-TJKev.

14. Bias : Bias of Priene, in Ionia, one of the seven sages of Greece,
flourished b.c. 550.
16. K6xapio-lA«va airw : Y. 131 ;
H. 765; G. 1174.
17. TTjv dpeTTiv : SC. eivai.

Xe'Ycov :
"meaning."
Tiewvov Y'Hpas "The old age of Tithonus." Tithonus obtained
:

immortality from the gods, but not eternal youth, and withered
in his old age. Aurora mercifully metamorphosed him into a
grasshopper.
20. 'Ap^avOtovCou :
Arganthonius, king of Tartessus in Spain. According
to Herodotus, he ascended the throne at the age of forty, and
reigned eighty yeai's.
21. Maeovo-d\a Gen. V. 27: "All the days of Mathusala were nine
:

hundred and sixty-nine years."

P. 37, 1. 2. IIpos ovirep .sc. aidva. :

3. irdvTa Xi9ov Kivovvras the .same proverb : is found in Latin : Omnem

lapidem movere. And in English :
—
New crimes invented, left unturned no stone,
To make my guilt appear and liide his own.
—
Dkyden, Aeneid, II 133.

14. Td 8€ : "but the others."

15. Tpiwv d^ptoo-TTjfidTwv 6'vTwv :
genitive absolute.
 VOCABULARY

d8vpvaT09, -ov, weak, impracticable.,

difficult, impossible.
d-ya9os, ->?, -6v, good, nnhle, virtuous ; mL, ever, aJumys, firever.
TO. dyat/d, the goods of fortune, dcCScu ur dSo), delcroixoLi., ^ei.aa, to sing.
loealth. dTJp, depos, i), air; hence vapor,
o.'yaixai, dydcro/jiai, ijydadrjv, to ad- mist.
mire, to wonder at. dSdvaros, -t), -ov, imperishable, im-
a-yav, very, very much. mortal.
a.yaiTa.0), -rjcro}, ijydir-qcra, to be fond aB\y]rr\s, -oO, 6, athlete, fighter.
of, entertain a liking for, to love. d6Xov, -01', t6, a prize, recompense,
d7€vvo»s, basely, poorly. reward.
d-yT|paos, -o;', free from old age, not dOXos, -01;, 6,a contest for a prize, a
growing old, undying, undecaying. conflict ;
hence a wrestling match.
d-yopd, -as, ij, an assembly, market- dOpoi^o), -aoj, rfdpoLcra., to gather in, to
place. collect, to condense.
t; (Aeol.
d-yvpis, -io?, form of dyopa), dOpoos, -a, -ov, assembled in crowds,
a gathering, crowd, assembly. collected together.

o-yo), a^u), iiyayov, ^xo-, ijTM"'. VxCv, d9p6a)s, at once, suddenly.

to lead ;
hence to jyilot. Al-ytPTTTLos, -a, -ov, Egyptian.
d-yciv, -Qvos, 6, a combat, fight, al8eo|xat, al5e<rofj.ai, rjdeadfjiriv, to re-
battle, game. spect, reverence.
d-ywvCo, -as, 17, gymnastic exercise, alii (Ion. for del), ever, always.
wrestling. alpc'w, -TjfTCt), rjpTjKa, elXov, r]pT],uai,

dScCa, -as, ^, safety, security. rip4d7)v, act., to seize ; mid., to take

dSeX.(|>o's, -oO, 6, brother. for oneself, take in preference,
d5€\<j>6s, -V, -(>v, brotherly, kindred choose; hence to take up as a
to. course of study, to choose or adopt.
a'Si^s
or "AiSt^s, -ov, 6, Hades, IMl, atcrOdvo)iai, alffO-^crofxai, ricrd6nr]v,
the loiver xoorld. Xiffdrjadfxrjv, to perceive, ere.

dSiKe'co, d5iKr)(rw, TjoiK-qcra, to do lorong, ato-Giio-Ls, -fws, ri, perception by the

sin, err. senses.
dSiKia, -as, ri, injustice, wrong. dto-o-o), dt^u!, rfi^oL, to flutter about,

d8o^«'oi), -TjcTuj, tostand in ill repute, run about.

have a bad name. al'(rx.i(rTos, -i;, -ov, super, of arcrx/sos.
59
60 Aoros npo2 tots neots

ato-xpo's, a-, -6v, disgraceful, shame- oXovp^os, -l>v, purple-wrought, dyed

ful, base. with purple.
ala-xvvt], -77s, 17, shame, disgrace, dXvo-iTtXiqs, -h, useless, hence hurt-
di^h(»ior. ful.
al<r\vvo]x.ai, aiaxud-rjaotxai, rjcrx^fOv^ aXdiTTt]^, -e/cos, 7], fox.
to be ashamed, to feel ashamed. afia, at the same time.
al\[ia,\(iiros, -ov, captured, taken ap.apTdv(i>, d^apTTjcro/uoi, ijfxdpTrja-a,

prisoner. i]fjidpTriKa, i]iJ,dpTT}nai, i]fxapTTjdr]v,

attov, -Qvos, 6, duration, limit, time. to fail, do wrong, sin.

'AKaST]|iia, -as, i], Academy, near d|A€iva>v, -ov (irreg. comparative of

Athens, where Plato taught. dya6b%), better.
aKavOa, -rjs, r), thorn, prickle, diffi- d|i£TcurTaTos, -17, -ov, unalterable, in-
cidty. delible.

a.KT|pvKTos, -ov, without a herald, un- dfjiire'Xos, -ov, ij, vine.

announced, sudden, truceless. d(Air€x6vT], -rjs, rj, garment, vestment.
d.Ko\ou0ta, -as, the following, at-
17, dfjivvo), dp-vvu), T]iJ.vva, to defend,
tendance, retimie, train. avenge.
a^(|>(o, both {of twoy, in
dKovo-£ws, unwillingly. iirl Hp-cpw,
ciKovw, -(Tu, TfKovffa, to hcar, xinder- utramque partem.
sta nd. dv, conditional particle.
oiKpoaTTis, -ov, 6, a hearer, pupil. dvaPaXXw, -/3aXcD, to put back, lift up.
aKpov, -ov, t6, the summit, highest dvapXe'iro), -\po}, to look up to, to look
point ; hence excess. bark upon.
dX€i<{>to, -'/'w, d\Tj\c<pa, d\ri\ifj.f^.ai, dva-yKaios, -a, -ov, necessary.
Tl\ei<pdr]v, ri\lcj>7)v, to anoint or be- dvd-yKT), -r;s, ij, need, necessity.
smear tcith oil. dvaKaXe'oj, -iaij, to recall, call back.
*AXe^av8pos, -01^, 6, Alexander. dva|ji€Tpea), -rj<Tw, to measure, iceigh.
dX€^T]TT|piov, -01', t6, a remedy, pro- dva(Ain.vT|0-Kw, dvap.vqo'uj, dv^p^v-qaa, to
tection. remember, recollect, call to mem-
dXriOeia, -as, 17, truth. ory.
a,\i\Q-(]s, -^s, real, true, sincere. dvajAviio-GeCs, -daa, -iv, part. aor. I.

dXT]0us, reallij. truly. pass, of dva/jLiiiivrjCTKU}.

dXiiXeijijAtvos, -y), -ov, peri. pass. part, dvdvTTis. -es, steep, difficult.
of d\ei<p(i}. dvairC|iirXT)p.t, -TrXrjtro), dv^TrXrjaa, to
dXXd, hut (distinguished from dWa, fill up, finish, make harmonious.
neut. plural of &\\os, by the dvdpiAoo-Tos, -ov, unfit, absurd, dis-
accent). cordant, inharmonious.
dXXT|Xwv, reciprocal pron., of one dvappT]0fivai, from dvenreTv.
another. dva4>a(p£Tos, -0;', visible, open to

aXXos, another, other.

-77, -0, sight, manifest.
aWoTi, at another time ; AWore . . .
dva<j>av86v, visibly, openly.
a\\oT€, at one time at another. . . .
dva<j)pove(i>, -Tj(rw, come back to one^s

dXXorpios, foreign, strange.

-a, -ov, senses, come
to one^s self.
dXXios, in another iray, otherwise. dvaxpwvvvfii, -xpw(7aj, to dye, color,
dXo-yos, -ov, speechless, irrational. paint.
 VOCABULARY 61

dvSpids, -avTos, 6, a statue. dvT£, prep, governs gen., over,

d.v€ip.€vos, -17, -ov, perf. pass. part, of against.
a.vi-qij.1.. dvTiXt'Yw (V. Xf7a;), to speak against,
dwiireiv, aor. II. inf., with no pies. gainsay.
in use; aor. I. pass., avepp-qdrjv ; dvrXeco, -yjcno, to draw up, bale out,
pf. av€lpT]iuLai, to speak, say, pro- drain.
claim. dvT6pivv|ii, -opAffdi, -cb/ioiTa, to swear in
dveCs, -eiVo, -ev, aor. II. part, of turn.
aviriixi.. dvw, adv., Mj!), upwards.
dv€Kir\uTos, -ov, unalterable, indeli- dvujioTos, -ov, unsworn, notbound by
ble. oat)I.
dvtKTos, -ri, -6v, bearable, tolerable. d^Ca, -as, ri, loorth, value.
dvcXevOcpCa, -a?, 17, illiherality. d^ios, -a, -ov, worthy.
dvepfidrtcTTos, -ov, without ballast, d|i,6<a, -wcrw, to deem, think, be
nut loaded (said only of ships). worthy.
dv€u, prep, governs the genitive (Lat. dira-yopeuo), -aui, to forbid, defend,
sine), without ; away from, besides, renounce, protect.
except. dird-yco (v. d-yw), to lead back, bring
a.vi\o>, dvefw, to endure, hold out, back.
last. diraipu, dxapQ), dwrjpa, to depart, set
dvT|K«crTos, -ov, incurable. out.

dvT|p, (iv5p6s, 6, man. diraXXdrTO), -^cu, -TjXXala, --qWaxa, to

dv0tKT€ov, verb. adj. of avr^x^^ one remove, exile, depart, go away.

must h(dd to. dTraXoTr^s, -77x0$, i], tenderness, soft-
dv9os, -eos, rb, a floiver. ness.
dv6pioiT€ios, -ov, human. d-irap.vvd), dira/xvvci), dtrrjixvva, to
dv6p(din.vo$, -7?, -01'. human ; radvOpc!)- avenge, punish.
TTiva, human affairs ov fortunes. dira|, once, once for all; et's dira^,
dvOpuTTos, -on, 6, man. without exception.
dviaros, -ov, incurable ;
of men, in- dira^airXdis, in general, on the whole.
corrigible. diras, dwacra, dirav {strengthened
dvidw, -daw, dvlaffa, to grieve; pas- form of n-as), all, quite all, all
sive, to be afflicted. together ; a-rravTa, every single
a,vir\\ii, dv7](Tii}, dviJKa, dvcLKa, dveifiai, thing.
dveldrjv, to Send up, reduce, bear, direiXew, --qaui, to threaten, boast.

permit. dTreiiii, eao/xai, to be away from, be

dvraipo), dvrapQ, to raise against; absent.
intrans. to resist., direpYd^ofiat, -dcrofxai, aTrelpyafffiai^
dvraXXaKTtov, verb, adj., one must -€ipyaad/j.r)v, to create, make, finish.
give in exchange. Q-irXdis, simply, plainly, in a word.
dvTtiirov, to ,^peak against. diro, prep, governs genitive, from,
dvTcpu, f ut. from dvTeXTrov, to speak
, away from ; of time, since.

against, to oppose. diroPaivw, -priaofiai, -i^rfv, -^i^rjica,

dvT€'xw, to hold out against, to hold -^;i^y}fxai, -€^d6r]v, to go or come out,

on to (v. ex*^)- go away.
62 Aoroz npo2 tots neots

gaze upon, look at 'ApYavGtovCos, -ov, 6, Arganthius.

ttiropXe'iru, -i/'w,
loith admiration, to regard with dp'yvpiov, -01/, Tb, silver, money, cash.
envy. aptri], -rjs, ij, virtue; 'Aperri, Virtue.
dTr6p\r]Tos, -ov, thrown away as dpi6}j.€(o, -Tjo-uj, to count, reckon.
wnrthh'ss. dpio-Tos, -17, -ov (irreg. superlative of

diroS6iKvv)j.i, -Se/^o), -^5eifa, -S^Seix^. d-yados), best.

-5^5eiyiJiai, -edeix^rip, to point out, &pp.a, -aros, t6, chariot.
shoio, teach. dp|i.ov(a, -as, ij, harmony.
dir68€i^is, -ea»s, i}, proof, demonstra- dpoTTip, -Tjpos, 6, husbandman, la-
tion. borer.

diro5€'xo(j.ai, -5^|o/uat, aireSe^dix-qv, -5^- dpp(d(rTT]|ia, -aros, t6, sickness.

Sty/xai, to receive, welcome. dpTi, adv., just nou\ lately, recently.
diroSvb), -crw, airiSvaa, to Strip, un- dpx'^, -v^i Vi the beginning, origin,
dress, take off. cause.
diTOKvt'w, -ijtroj, to shiink from, hesi- 'ApxiXoxos, -ov, Archilochus.
tate. apx", Sip^w. f/p^a, fjpxa-, ^P7Ma»,
diroKTECvco, -revdi, dw^KTet.i'a, to kill, ripxOrjv, to ride, commence, begin.
slay. do-K^cd, -Tjcro}, fi(TKr)<Ta, to instruct,
diroXauo-is, -ews, 17, the possession, practice, exercise.
enjoyment. do-Kds, -ov, 6, a leathern bag, a ivine-
diroXavb), airo\aiJiTOiJ,ai, dir^Xavcra, to skiii.

enjoy, to have, possess. dcr|xa, -aros, t6, a song, lay.

diroXciirco, -'/'w, -iXnTov, to leave be- do-ir(s, -l5os, 7), a round shield.
hind, lose, to remain behind. d(r4>aXT|s, -^s, sia'e, safe.
airoXoTT]?, -'?7"os, 77, wholeness, en- d<rxoX(a, -as, 17, occupation, indus-
tireness. try, labor, fatigue.
diro|xi|ivTJ(rKOp.ai,, -fiv/icrofxai, dirifj-v-q- drcxvws, rudely, really, truly.
ffd^-qv, aTrofj.iiJ.vriiJ.ai, to remember, dTifxd^u, -dau), to scorn, slight, under-
recollect. value.
d-iropptiTos, -01', forbidden ;
hence smoke, vapor.
drfjios, -ov, 6,

mystical, sacred. nut of place.

eiToiros, -ov, adj.,

diroerKO-ircto), -crx^i/'o/iai, to look to, 'Attikos, -Vi -^"^ Attic, Athenian.

gaze at. av6is, adv., somewhere else, back
diroTcCvw, -TivCj, to Stretch out, to again.
extend, explain. avXt'o), -riaw, to play ou the flute.
dirorCGtifii, -driauj, to put away, put avXTiTT|s, -ov, 0, a flute player.
aside. avXos, -ov, b, any xoind instrument ;
dirortvo), -Icroj, to pay back, repay. hence ajlute.
d-iro()>aCvu, -(pavu), diricprfva, to shoic, avo-TT]p6s, -a, -bv, rough, harsh.
di-^'play. avTOfiaros, -ov, tinbidden, self-mov-
diro<j>€V'Y«, -(pfv^oijai, diricpvyov, to es- ing.
cape, flee from ; hence shun, avoid. avTo's, air-fi, avrb, this, self same;

dlTTO), ii\p(jj, ri\pa, ^/Lijuai, ii(pdr]v, to oblique cases, liim, her, them.
touch, reach, gain. a.vwLiit>, -i/iffu, to be squalid, grow

&pa, then, indeed, according, so. tliin, lean.

 VOCABULARY 63

a4)6i8if|s, -h, unsparing, cruel. pxdpi], -Tjs, i), harm, dangerous influ-
adv., lavishly. ence.
a.<j>€i.8us,

dcprjjw. acpiJKa^ d(pe2Ka, acpeTfx- pXsiro), -\pui, (i3\e\f/a, /3e/3\e0a, iSXe-

d(l>-i'r]p.i,

yuai, go away, he. away,

d.(peid-nv, to (pd-rjv, to look, gaze at, see.

absent; also, to put forth, emit, Podb), -TjCTw, ij36i](ra, cry out, shout,
scream.
express.
d(j>-i(rTTi[ii, -a-TTiau) (v. iVTij^t),
to put PopPopos, -ov, 6, slime, mud, mire.
away, remove, to weigh out. Po(rKT||j.a, -aros, to, animal, beast,
brute.
u(t>-opd(o, -6\pofj.ai, ei5ov, iopaKa. Hxpdrjv,
to look away, look at, regard. povXevw. -<T0}. to advise, counsel.

d4)op(jiTJ. -^5, i], means, resource. PovXop.ai., j3ov\ricrofJ.ai, il3ov\rja-djJir]v,

to wish, desire.
capital.
axapis, axapt, unpleasant, wretched. PpaxvSi -eia, -v, short; hence shoi't
time.
dxp«ios, -a, -ov, useless, improper,
unfit. ppvw, e^pvov, to be full, ripen, burst.
axpT|o-Tos, -01', unprofitable.
dxpi (before a vowel, ctxP'0> prep.,
with gen., until, as far as ; &xpi-
ToijTo, for this life only. yajjios, -ov, 6, wedding, marriage.
dwpos, -ov, untimely. yoLp. for.
•yacTTTip, -Tp6s, i], belly, stomach.
ys, euclilic particle, at least, icell,
B then, even.
Ba^vXwv, -Qvos, i}, Babylon. 'ycXdb), yeKdcoixai, ey^Xaaa, to laugh.
pdOos. -€os, t6, the depth, or height. y(va-is, -eojs, i], the taste.

paOvs, -eta, -v, deep, high, large. 'ycvo), -ffw, to taste.

pdWw, /3a\w, f^aXov, to dart, throw, y^i yv^' V^ earth, land.

hurl. •yfjpas, y^paos, to, old age.

(Jao-iXeia, -as, 17, a kingdom, royalty. yiYvofiai, yevrjaofj-aL. iyevopLTjv.yeyivr}-

PatriXevs, -iios, 6, king. fiai, and yiyova, eyev-qd-qv, to be,

Pao-iXts, -l5os, rj, queen, princess. become, happen, occur.

PaijjT). -^s, r;, dye, color, tincture, im- •yi'yvtoo'Ka), yvixiaop-ai, eyviijv, eyvwKa,
jyression. iyvw(Tp.a.i, iyvJiffd-qv, to decide upon,

Pe|3aio(d, -wcrw, to make firm, to es- decree, know, p>erceive.

tablish. •y(vo|Aai,old form of yiyvo/Mai.

(Jtpaiuo-is, -ews, 17, establishment, •yXuioro-a, -7;?. ij, the tongue, language.

support. Yva)p.T). -7JS. 17, opinion.

known; 6 yvuipi-
P«Xtio-tos, -v, -0" (super, of ayadds) .
•Yva)pip.os, -ov, icell
best. acquaintance, friend, follower.
/JMS,

PeXriwv, -ov (compar. of dyad6i), yv(t)pi\i(a%. adv.. familiarly.

better. Yvwo-is. -ews, Vi idea, knowledge,
wis-
B(as. -ttfTos, 6, Bias. dom,
Pios, -ov, 6, lift', mode of living. yovfvs, -^ws, 6, a father, ancestor;
Pidu>, PLUKTo/xat, ijiicocra. i^iuv, to live. in plural, parents.
to exercise, train.
pXaPcpo's, -d, -iv, hurtful, noxious. yujivdjw, -dffoj,
64 Aoros npo2 tots neots

yvjivao-iov, -ov, t6, srhool, gymnastic Stj, noic, already.

school; in plural, Oadily exercises. 8tiXt|tt|pios, -ov, mortal, deadly, per-
yvjivao-TTis, -ou, 6, a trainer of ath- ishahh.
letes. 8tjXovo'ti, adv., it is plain that,
yufivao-TiKos. -V, -6v, fond of gym- clearly, of course.
7iastics ; wdvoi yv/xvacmKo'c, labors 8T)tiiovpYo's, -bv, adj., working for the
of the gynuiasiitm. people ; 6 drifxiovpybs, a workman,
yviJiviKos, -rj, -ov, of or for gymnas- artisan, an author.
tic exercises; with dy^bv, a gym- Btittov, adv., perhaps.
nastic contest. 8TiTa, adv., certainly, of course.
-yuiivo's, -7?, -bv, naked, plain. 8ia, prep., c. gen. and ace, through ;

yvvTJ, -aiKbs, 17, woman, wife. Sid TToWCbv, through, by means of

many things.
SiaPoXXco, -jSaXu! (v. /3dX\cu) to throio ,

away, to accuse, to blame.

Aa^iS, indecl., David. SiayiyviSxTKO}, -yviIjcro/j.ai (v. yiyvui-
AavLT|\, 6, Daniel the prophet. o-Koj), to discern, distinguish be-

Aapeios. -ov, 6, Darius. tween.

Be, but, and. hio-yta, -d^w, diTjyayov, to carry over
(impers. from
8«i, eSei, Se'/jaei, id^r](Te or across ; (of time), to spend or
Sfw), one must, ought, it is neces- pass.
sary. 8iaipa), -apQ, to raise up, lift up, per-
8eiKvvp.i, Set^w, eSei^a, d^Seixa, dedeiy- severe.
edeixOvi to shO'W, point out,
fjLaL, 8iaiTa, -Tjs, 7], way of living, mode of
bring to light. life.

Scica, deivos (sometimes indecl.), Siairdu), -rjffoj, to support, maintain ;

such a one, so and so. pass., to live.
Seivo's, -rj, -6v, aicfitl, dangerous, ter- 8iaK€t)i,ai, -KeLao/xai, to be disposed
rible, vjonderful. of, or affected.
Seiirveu), -tjctoj, BedelTrvrjKa, to eat, make 8iaKpCva>, -KpLvu), to separate, discern,
(I,
meal, dine. distinguish.
Seofxai, Serjcrofxai, eSerjdrjv, ded^rjfjLai, SiaXiym, -^w (v. \fyu), relate, con-
dep., to stand in need of, to ivant, verse, talk with.
wish, desire. Siafxapravco, -rjffopiaL. -qp.aprov, -rifxap-
Se'ov, -oi'Tos (neut. part, from dei), TTjKa. to miss, lose, fail.
necessary, proper. SiafieCPaj, -^j/w, to exchange; mid ,

Seo-fitoTTipiov, -ov, t6, prison. to cliange one''s self from one placi-
8€o-trdTT)s, -ov, 6, a despot, an abso- to another.
lute ruler. [dyer. 8iavC<rTT|[ii. -<Tri^(Tw (v. l<TTrip.L), act.,
Sevo-o-iroio's, -ov, b, one who dyes, a to set Up; pass., to depart from,
hivTipos, -a, -ov, second. to change from.
Sc'xoixai, d^^onai, iSe^d/jiriv, and i8^- 8iavoe'o^ai, -vo-^crofiai, -evorjOrjv, to in-
X^Vi to welcome, to receive. tend, purpose, have in view.
8«w, SeTjcrw, eSiyjcra, SeS^rjKa, want, Sidvoia, -as, i), intellect, mind, imagi-
lack, stand in need of. nation.
 VOCABULARY 65

Siairiorew, -Tjcrw, to mistrust. 8iKa<rTT]p(ov, -ov, to, court of justice.

8iapK€w, -e(7w, to endure, hold out, 8iKT|, -T}s. 17, right, custom, manner,
prevail. justice.
8iapp«u, -pevcroixai, to Jlov^ throJtgh. 8i6, conj., therefore, on ichich ac-
SiacTKevd^w, -do-oj, to set in order; count.
pass, and mid., to prepare one''s Aio-yevTJs, -ovs, 6, Diogenes.
self. Sioirep, conj., icherefore, therefore,
Siao-Tacrid^w, -daw, to rebel, quarrel, on what account.
dispute, divide. 8ito0€'w, didriaia (v. didiui), to push
SidcTTao-is, -ews, t], disagreement, dis- aside, atvay, reject, refuse.
sension. 8noK&), -^w or -fo/iat, to pursue, prose-

8ia(rio5'^, -auao}, to keep safe, pre- cute, follow ; hence seek.

serve. 8oK€o>, So^oj, eSo|a, Se'Soxa, 5e5o7/xai,

SiaTiQr]\i.i, -driaw (v. rld-qixC), to place, idoxOvi trans., to think, have the
to arrangepass., to he disposed of.
;
intention ; intrans., to seem.
SiarpiPw, -\pw (v. Tpi^u}), to put off, 86|a, -77s, 17. opinion, sentiment.
delay. So\)X€VT€ov, verbal adj. (from Sov-
8ia<{>epa), dioiau), dir/veyKa, dtrjveyKov, Xei'u}), one must obey, serve.
to carry over or across, to differ, 8paK(ov, -ovTos, 6, dragon.

disagree. 8pd|xa, -dros, t6, drama, deed, act.

Sia^tvyoi, -^ofjLai (v. (pevyo}), to flee, 8p€ira», -i/'u), to pluck.

'ji't away, escape. 8vva|xai, 5vvr]ijop.ai, idvvijffdiJ.rjv, 5e5i)-

8ia<{>9eipa>, -tpOepw, -itpdapKa, to spoil, vriixai, i5vvf}d7]v, to be able or capa-

damage, injnre, hurt. ble to do a thing.
8id4)opos, -ov, different, unlike; as Svva|j.is, -^ws, i), strength, might,
subst., TO 5Ld.(popov, difference, dis- power, ability.
agreement. 8vvd(rTT]s, -ov, 6, a lord, ruler; ot

8i8dcrKaXo$, -ov, 6 or ij, master, bvvd(TTaL, the chief men.

teacher. 8vo-paTos, -ov, inaccessible.
8i8dcrKa>, didd^u), to teach, instruct. 8vo-T|VLos, -a., -ov. ungovernable by the
8ie^epX^op,ai, iXevaofiai (v. epxoiJ.a.i), bridle, hard to check.
to go through, to recount in full. Svo-Tvxe'w, -i7ffw, to be unlucky, un-
h\.i^ii]^i. discuss, examine,
-Tjfftii, to happy ; of things, to fail.
rernunt, go through, pass over. Zv(r\epr\s, -es, painful, unpleasant.
Si€peuvd«, -Tjo-o), to search through, Awpios, -a. -ov, Doric.
to examine closely. AwpiKo's, -77. -ov, Doric.

8i€pxo|j.ai,, eXe'jffojj.aL (v. epxofJ.ai), to

pass through, narrate.
8iio-TTip,i, -(TTrjCTfj], to di_/er, quarrel. E
SiKd^u, -dffw, to decide; mid., to Idv, conj. , if.

plead, speak before the judges; Idu, idffiii, to permit.

hence to go to law. eavTov. -^s, -ov, of himself, herself,
SiKaios, -a, -ov, righteous, Icmful, itsf'If.

just. t'Y-'Yi'Yvop.ai, yevriffopiai (v. yiyvoiKxi).

SiKaiwTcptov. -ov, t6, court of justice. dep. ,

to be produced in, to grow in.

ST. BASIL 5
66 Aoros npos tots neots

€Y-yv|iva5ft), -daw, to exercise, train. i^Kao-Tos, -77, -ov, every, each (Lat.
kytipa), (yepuj, ijyeipa, eyrjyepKa, iyf)- quis<iue).
y€p/j.aL, riyipdr^v, to rouse, to stir £Kd.Tcpos, -a, -ov, each of two, each
up, to excite. singly.
€YK\T)(j.a, -aros, to, accusation, £K|3aKxcv(o, -(Toj, to excite to Bacchic
rhur(jr, offense, crime. frenzy, to make frantic ; mid. and
iy\iipii>>, --fjffw, to touch, handle, un- pass,, to be frenzied, to rage.
dertake. &C70VOS, -ov, sprung or descended
e-yx^P^'wi -'Jew, to yield, concede, al- from any one; as substantive, 6
low ; impers. iyxi^pei, it is possi- fKyovos, descendant, son.
ble, permitted. €K£ivos, -77, -0, that, that famous
eya, ifxov, I. one.

'iyotyt (strengthened form of eyd)), eK£io-6, adv. (Attic Kfiae), to that

I for my part. place, thither.
eOi^b), -i(Tu, eidiaa, eWiKa, eidiapLaL, iKKkLvm, -K/Xti'ui, to bend from, turn
eldicrdrjv, accustom, to use ; pass.,
to away from, shun, avoid.
be accustomed, he used. £KTrai8£vu), -aco, to bring up, teach,
(I, conj., with opt. and ind. expresses educate.
a condition, if. iKTT\r\p6o). -uicrw, to fill up, fulfill.
tl'Stvai, inf. of ol5a, pf. of eidui (q.v.). 4kitXt)p«o-is, -ews, 77, an accomplish-
elSos, eos, t6, class, kind, sort, shape. ment, completion.
ellSw, to see ; act. pres. ,
not used, but £K-({>£p<o, i^oLaw (v. (p^pij}), to bear or
instead, opdu, etaop-ai, oi5a, I know, carry out (.of).
is used as a present. £Kwv, -ovo-a, -6v, willing, voluntary,
eUfj, adv., without plan, rashly, of free will.
heedlessly. tXaxTov, Att. neut. for fXatraov, as
tlKiiv, -6vos, r;, image, statue, like- adv., less.
ness hence, a simile. £\dxio-TOs, -•>;,
-ov (super, of fXaaa-oiv),
;

ct|i,i, 6(Top.aL, Jjv, to he (Lat. sum). fewest, smallest, least, worst;

el'irep, if, indeed. neut., as adv., at the least.
elirov, aor., 2d from an obsolete £X££iv6s (in Attic poets, iXcLvds. -tj,

pres., etVw (v. <l>y)p.i), I spoke, said. -6v), adj., pitiable, wretched,
tls, prep, with accusative, towards, M'nrthy of pity.
to, or into. £\£v9epnos, adv., generously, liber-

els, M^a, fv, one (Lat. iinus). ally, freely.

£\£v9£pos, -a, -ov, free; neut., as
cL(r-€pxop.ai, iXetJcronai (v. (pxafxai),
to come into, to enter. subst., freedom.
tW^ipoi, -oitTd) (v. <pipw), to bring or £X.Kco, eX|w, efXfa, to draw, to drag.
hear in, introduce £X£4>as. -avTos, 6, the elephant, ivory.
ttra, adv. of time, then, after, there- £XXo-yi(jLos, -ov, notable, eloquent,
upon. learned.
tin . . .
ilrt, either . . .
or, whether fXoiSopovv, imperf. ind. of XoiSop^io
. . . or (Lat. sive . . .
sive). (q.v.).
CK, prep, (before a vowel i^) with ij, hope, icish,
iXirLs, -Idos, ideal.

gen. from, away from, out of. i\&v, 2d aor. part, from alpiio (q v.).
 VOCABULARY 67

cfiPdWw (v. /3aXXw), to thi'oiv, lay, mid., to give notice, intimate;

put in, cast at, rush at. hence, to imprint, to impress.

cptpXciro), -i/'w, to look, look at. evrdvOa, there, to that place.
€|xfj.«vai, Epic inf. of eifj.1, to be. €vTeii6«v, adv. (of place), thence ; (of
€fi6s, rj-, -dv, my, mine. time), thereupon, henceforth.
€(xire8os, -oc, sure, stable, steadfast. e|avC(rTTifii (v. 'icyrtjixi.), to rise and
efi-rreipia, -os, 17, experience, acquaint- depart from a place, to emigrate,
ance with a thing, skill, ability. to depopulate, destroy.

€|iir€ipios, -a, -ov, experienced in. c^apK€w, -4cro}, to be enough, suffi-

tfiirtipos, -ov, experienced, acquainted cient, to suffice; also i^apKei, im-
or conversant with. pers., it is sufficient ; with fxol, I
tjAirCirTto, -TrecroOiUat, iviirecrov, to fall am satisfied.
upon ; to break or burst in. c^apTdci), -Tjo-w, to hang from or upo7i ;
€)iir68iov, -01', t6, obstruction, hin- pass., to be hung upon, to be
drance. fastened to.

€|x4>a(vw, -(pav^, ivi<priva, to show, €|eiTtTTi8«s. adv., on purpose, care-

display; mid., to appear; pass., fully, purposely.
to be seen. t^cvpCcTKu, fvprjcrw, evpov, evprjKa, to

c|j,(|>op€(i>,
bear or bring in; mid.
to find, discover.
and pass., to take one'^s Jill of a e^Tj-YTiTTis, -ov, 6, an interpreter, guide.
thing, satisfy. 'E|TlKeo-Ti8T]s, -ov, 6, son of Execes-
€v, prep, witla dative, in (Lat. in, tides.
with abl.); place, in, at, on. €|t)s, adv., one after another, in
fvavrtos, -a, -oi', opposite, contrary; order, in time, next.
as subst. adversary, enemy.
, «|kKV€0|xai, i^l^o/xaL, e^LKd/xriv, to reach,
«va4>CT]p.t, -<pT)<T(j3 (v. Ttj^i), <o fZrop arrive at, attain.
into, let drop. €|oi8c'(D, -Tjcroj, -(^5r]Ka, to be swollen
tv'yC'yvoiJLai (v. ylyuo/xai), to be pro- up, puffed up. proud.
duced in, to arise in or among. i^ov, from i^iiTTt., impers., it is al-

ivSilKvv\>.i (v. deiKw/xi), act., to mark lowed, it is

possible.
out; mid., <o show, display. €|w, adv., on the outside, without;
cvSem (v. 5^tu), to be in want of, to oi e^w, those without, pagans, gen-

fail; irapers. there is need or ,

tiles.

want of. €'|u0ev, adv., external, from without,

KvfKa, prep, governs gen., for the heathen, pagan.
sake of, for. t^wGe'w, -i3, €^u}9rj(r(x}, to push from.
ivtpyia, -ri(Tu, to work iipon, exert toiKO, pf. with pros, sense, to be like,
oneself, to operate. resemble.
€v-€pxo|jiai (v. epxofiai), to come in, EoiKus, -v'la, -OS, like, similar, fit.
to enter. EiraYpvirvew, -rjcru}, to watch or brood
Iv6d8€, adv., thither, there; (of over.
time), here, now. kir-dym (v. dyoj), to bring or lead
Zv0€v, hence, from here. to, direct, pilot.

€vi8p6i», -tio-o), to sweat, labor at. eiratv^ft), -iffu (Attic €<70/xai) , to praise,

4vo-T)(iaCv(i>, -<rr]/j.avio, to mean, imply ; applaud.

68 Aoros npos tots neots

tTraivos, -ou, 6, approval, commenda- liriir€'TO|iai, -TTTi^tTOfiai,, iirrburjv. to fly

tion, praise. to, to fly upon.
c-iraKOVb), -aKOVcrofiai, iirriKovcra, to CiriiTTOv. from irlirTw.

listen to, attend to. €irnrTw<riv, 2 aor. subj. from iimr^To-

«Trav-a7(i) (v. S.yoo), to bring back, p-ai, to fly.
refer to. -^w, to lean towards; with
€iripp€''ir«,

€7ravcpxo|xai (v. epxoixai), to go back, t6 TaXdvTov, to force down one

return. scale pan ; hence to weigh out, to
to go back, to re- allot.
«iravCr]|jii, -ai'^^crw,
turn again. €iricrKO'ir€'w (v. (TKoniw). to look at,
€irapao|xai, -dcrofxaL, iw^pafiai, dep., til inspect, to examine.
to curse, to imprecate; also to €irio"Tan,ai, iiricTTricrofjLai, riiri<rT-^0r]v,

abandon. dep., to know how, to know, to be

ciravXcw, -•^(tw, to play (he flute, to icetl versed in.

accompany on the flute. (•Kia-rrwir], -tjs, ^, science, learning,

fini, con j. (of time) after that, when
, ; knowledge.
(of cause), since. €iri<rTTi|ii, Ionic for itplffrripLi (g.v.).

conj. (of time), since, after tiriTcXtoj, -^(Tw, to accomjilish, com-

l-ireiSTJ,

that; (of cause), since, because. plete, to finish.

*ir«i8T|ir€p, since. necessary,
€iriTT|8€ios, -a, -Of, i(seful,

seeing that.
tireCirep, conj., since, proper, convenient, serviceable.
sTTciTa, adv., afterwards, then, sec- £TriTU7xdvw, -Tejj^ofiai, to meet, find,
ondly (Lat. deinde). reach, obtain.
cirepxoiiai (v. epxo/xai.), approach, €'7ri4>patw, -o-w, to say after or be-
come upon, attack. sides; mid. and pass., to reflect
iiri, prep, with gen., dat. ,
and ace: upon, devise, contrive.
c. gen., on, at, by, near; c. dat., €'Tr£xapis, -tTos, iwlxtipi; pleasing,
on, upon, opposite, against; c. agreeable.
ace, to, toicards, about. t-trixtipt'w. -77<raj. to
attempt, to set to
€iriPov\evci), -eiKTU), to plot against; loork at. endeavor, attack, strive.
lience lay a snare for. Iirofxai, i\pofjiai, €iir6fjir]v, ia-irdfiTiv, to

€"irfyi"yvw<rKW jiyvwcrKu), to ob-

(v. follow, to pursue.
.<<i'rrp, recognize, discover, knoio. swear
cir-o)ivv|ii, eirop.oviJ.aL, -tvpoaa, to

C7ri-ypd<{>b> (v. ypd(f>oj), to mark the to or upon, take an oath.

snrfticp, icrite upon, inscribe. Iiros, -ovs, t6, a word, sentence, line,

€iri0v(x(a, -aj, ij, a desire, passion; verse.

also lust. cpafjiai,, ipaffdriffopai, -^pdffdrjv, to de-

€irifj,6X.€ia, -as, t], care, atten- sire, long for.

(i<i)i. cpoui), used only
in pres. and impf.,

€inp.e\€Te'ov, verbal adj. of iirifxe\4o- akin to tpa/xai (q.v.), to love, long

fiai, one must take care of, one for.
must pay attention to. cpYa(r(a, -as, ^7, work, toil, labor.
€in(ji.eXws.adv., carefully. cp-yov, -01;, t6, work, labor, occupa-
firlvoia, -as, rj, thought, itnderstand- tion.

ing. cpvOpioLw, -dau, to be apt to blush.

 VOCABULARY 69

(p^ofiai, iXeijffOfxai, TjXdov, iXi/jXvda, tv\o)iai, ev^o/j.ai, ev^dfirjv, Tjliyfxai, to

i\Tfi\vfj.ai, e\v9r]v, to arrive, to pray for, to wish, to desire.
come, return, go. €vw8ia, -as, i], a sweet smell, a fra-
6 (dat. eptjj, ace. ipwv), grance.
epws, -wTos,
love, desire for a thing ; "Epws, 6, «<j>*5^s? adv., in order, one after an-
god of Love, Eros, Amor. other, without exception.
to send out, to
€cr6X6s, -»?, good, nohle, brave.
-ov, e(t>iT])xi., i(pri(Tuj, icpiJKa,

£(r|i6s, -ov, 6, a stream, a simrm of launch, to let go, to abandon.

hres, flock, crowd. C()>i.KV£0|xai, -1^0/j.ai, -K6/xr}v, -y/J-ai, to

6a-ir€pa, -as, i], the evening, at eve, come up, to reach, to attain.
the west. €4)68ios, -a. -ov, ofov for a journey,
lo-Tieutf, -do-co, to entertain, to feast; wa;/.'^ and means, expenses.
pass. ,
to be a guest, to feast. «xOp6s, -d, -6v, hated, hateful, hos-
co-xttTos, the furthest, ex-
-T?, -01', tile ; as subst., enemy.

treme, highest, lowest. 'i\o>, efcj or crx'^o''^, ^<^X°^i ^'^XV'^"-!

iraipiti), -^cru), to be a courtesan, to effx^Sv^ have, hold,

i'^
ea-xv/^o-h

keep company with a courtesan. possess, to be.

trepos, -a, -ov, the other, one of two ; i(ws, conj., ivhile, as long as, till,

6 irepos jSi'os, the future life. until, in order that.

en, adv., still, besides, moreover.
€i8at(j.ovia, -as, r), prosperity, haj)pi-
nrss.
to live,
€u8ai|Awv, -ov, gen. -ovos, happy, pros- Jaw, f^trw, f^rj(Ta, f^rjKa,

perous. breathe.

iiioKi\iaX,(a, -acrw, to enjoy a good Zevs, Mos, Zeus, Jupiter, father and
name, be in good repute. king of gods and men.
tvt^ia, -as, 7], a good habit or state lr]K6(a, -dia-ix}, to rival, vie with, emu-

of body, good health. late, admire, to imitate, to admire.

€vp9vvw, -uvuj, to guide or steer straight, |t|v, fiyvos, 6, poetic form for Zeus
to direct. (q.V.).
tOGvs, adv., immediately, presently. lr\\i.ia, -as, 17, loss, damage, penalty,
Euk\€i8t]s, -ous, 6, Euclides. fine.
eijvoia, -as, good will, kindness.
ri, J<d-ypa(t>os, -ov, 0, a painter.
euopKt'w, to swear truly, to take
-rj<xcj,

a true oath ; hence to keep an oath

or promise.
€UTra0€ta, -as, i], the enjoyment of •fi, adv., to strengthen or confirm, in
good things. truth, verily ; (2) interrog., to/ia^
€i}iropos, -a, -ov, easy, possible, prac- pray?
ticable ; also rich, abounding in; rj, conj., either . . .
or, whether . . .

(of persons), toealthy. or, than, as.

EupiirC8-qs, -ov, 6, Euripides. f)-Y€|xwv, -6wos. 6,
a leader, guide.
€vipCa-K(o, evprjcu, evprjKa, to find, dis- T)-Yeop.ai, TT/rjcrofxai, i]yrio-ap.r]v, rjyrjiJ.ai,
cover. to lead, guide, think, believe, re-

evx^, -i}?, 17, vow, prayer, wish, desire. gard.

70 Aoros npos tots neots

1^811, adv., already, now, presently. ^OM^oXfi), -<TU), iOavfiaffa, to wonder,

i^SicTTos, -»;, -ov (super, of ^Si^s), best, to marvel at, admire.
sweetest, most agreeable. Oavfiao-Tos, -r], -6v, wonderful, excel-
TjSCiDv,
-ov (compar. of TJStJs), more lent, admirable.
agreeable, sweeter. OavfxaTO'iroi6s, -a, -bv, iconder-work-
f|5ovT|, -175, ^, pleasure, charm. ing ;
6 ^ai//xaT07roi6$, as subst., a
TiSvs, -eta., -i, sweet, pleasant, agree- conjurer, a juggler.
able. 6ea, -as, i), view, sight, spectacle.

qKio-Ttt, adv., at least, least. Otis, -€i(Ta, -iv, aor. II. part, of rldfjui.
f\Ki<noi, -rj, -Of (super, of KdKos), 9«ios, -o, -OK, sacred, holy.
least, worst, meanest. 0€'oYvis, -i5os, 6, Theognis.
'HXclosi -a, of Elis, Elean
-ov, ,'
oi 0€6s, -OV, 6, Grid.
'HXeioi, the Eleans. OcpaircCa, -as, 17, treatment, nurtur-
T)\iKCa, -as, 17, age, time of life. ing, medical treatment.
T]\ios, -ov, 6, the sun. Ocpatrcvw, -o-w, to wait on, attend,
T))icis, ^Mwi', we, us. serve, nurse, cure.

T]\iipa. -as, 7], day. 0((i>p[a, -as, ij, a viewing, sight, con-
T|)j.€Tepos< -a, -ov, adj., our,' to, rini- templation.
Tepa, our affairs, our our 6^pa, -as, i), htinting, chase, pursuit,
interests,
possessions. any pursuit.
TjvCoxos. -ov. 6, a charioteer, driver, OtjpCov, -OV, rb, animal, wild beast,
one holding the reins. brute.

T)VTivaovv, from offTicrovv. 9T]<ravp6s, -ov. 6. treasure, booty.

T|Tr€iXTi<ra, aor. I. act. of dweiX^w BdpvPos. -ov, 6, a noise, uproar, dis-
^'^•"^- turbance, disorder.
-
T|Tr€ipos, -ov, T], mainland, continent. Optjifia. -aros, rb, that which is reared

TJirep, than, than even. or tended, a creature, an animal,

certainly, in truth, surely.
tiirov,
beast.

"Hpa, -as, ij, Hera, queen of the 6vya.Tr]p, -rpbi, rj, daughter.
gods, wife and sister of Zeus, 9up.6s. -ov, 6, the soul, spirit, courage,
Juno. anger, wrath.
'HpaKXfjs, -ovs, 6, Hercules. OvpaOcv, adv., at the door; ol 6vpa-
'HerioSos, -ov, 6, Hesiod. 0€v, pagans, gentiles.
T|TTdo(jiai, riTTri<ToixaL, r]TTrifj,ai, rjTT-fi- OwireCa, -as, 17, flattery, adulation.
be less, inferior to another;
d-qv, to
hence to be beaten, conquered,
defeated.
rJTTcov, -ov (irreg. compar. of KdKOi), larpos, -ov, 6, a surgeon, physician.
wor.st, inferior, less, weaker. K810S, -a, -01', adj., one''s oicn, per-
sonal, private ; the dat. I5lg. is

used as adverb, privately.

ISpcis, -iros, 6, siceat, perspiration,
6dXao-(ra, the sea, xcater.
-77s, i), toil.

OeiXiros, -fos. rb, warmth, heat. i€p6s, -d,-bv, adj., holy, sacred, con-
Odvaros, -ov, 6, death. secrated.
 VOCABULARY 71

l^T))ii, r]ff(ii, rJKa, to send, let go, dis- KaKos, -Tj, -bv, bad, evil, worthless;
miss ; mid. ,
to long for, yearn after. rb KaKbv, evil, mischief.
iKavios, adv. sufficiently. KaXcca, -^crw, iKaXeaa, to call, name,
IXouTKOfiai, iXdcTOfjiai, l\aad)xriv, to summon.
reconcile to oneself to conciliate. K<iX\io-Ta, adv. (super, of KaXcDs),
l\{6(o, -w, to appease, to make propi- most beautifully, as beautiful as
tious. possible.
Ifxariov, -ov, t6, cloak, vestment, gar- KcxXXto-TOSi-^, -ov, adj. (super, of
ment. Ka\6s), most beautiful, best.
I'va, conj., to, in order that. KciXXos, -eos, rb, beauty.
I'lriros, -ov, 6 or 17, horse, mare. KaXXwirCJw, -Laui, to beautify, embel-
V<ros, -17, -ov, equal, like. lish ; mid., to pride oneself, be
t(rTT|ni, -o-ttJo-o), fCTT-qcra, fcrrrjv, to proud.
place in position, to stand; in- KaXXwTTKTT'^s, -ov, Tj, an embellish-
trans., to halt. ment, adornment, a fop, one who
iir\vs, -vos, 17, strength, force. adorns himself.
Ho-cos, adv., probably, perhaps, per- KaXos, -tJ, -bv, did}., good, brave, beau-
chance. tiful, fair ; rb Kd'Kov, beauty, moral
virtue.
be weary,
Ka|iva), Ka/jLoD/iai, eKap.ov, to
KaOaCpo), Kadapw, iKadripa, K€Kd0apKa, tired,exhausted ; ol Kd/jLvovres, those
KeKddapfj.ai, iKaddpdrfv, to make icho have finished their labors, the
pure, cleanse, purify. dead.
Ka6air€p, adv., even as, just as. Kapiro's, -ov, 6, fruit, returns or profit
Ka6ap<ris, -ews, r;, a cleansing, purifi- of anything.
cation. Kapiro'w, -wcroj, to bear fruit, reap
Ka6e^0|i.ai, KadeSovnai., Kadiudrfv, dep., fruit, enjoy.
to sit down, sit still, linger, tarry. Kara, prep, with gen. and ace. with ;

KaOcv'Sw, -T^eroj, to lay down to sleep, gen., down upon, doion toivards,
to sleep, to slumber. against ;
with ace, downwards,
KaOr^pa, Epic for iKddrjpa, aor. I. of against, toicards.
Kadaipu) (q.v.). KaTaY«Xa<rTOs, -ov, ridiculous.
Ka6(T]p.i, Kadrjaw, to send down, let KaTaXa|iPavw (v. Xa/j-^dvu), to seize,
down, let fall. occupy, take possessio7i of.
Ka6iKvco|xai, -i|o/iat, -LK6p.y}v, dep., to KaTaXcCiro) (v. Xe/7rw), ^0 leave behind,
come, come to, reach to. forsake, abandon.
KaO(o-TT]|j,i, KaTaaT7)(Tij3, set down, put KaTap,aXaKC^(i>, -1<tu}, to make soft or
down, establish. effeminate; pass., to be or become
KaC, a7id, also, even. effeminate.
Kaipiis, -ov, 6, due measure ;
of time, KaTap,av6avco (v. fiavddvoj), to learn
the right season, right time for well, understand, to consider well,
action, the present time. to remark, observe.
KaCroi, and indeed, and although.
yet, KarafjicX^u, -Tjffw, to neglect, be
KaK(a, -as, ,7, baseiiess, wickedness, heedless ; pass., to be neg-
vice. lected.
72 Aoros npos tots neots

KaTa)i.i-yvv|ii, -mi'|w, Kar^ixi^a, to mix, kCvSvvos, -01^, 6, danger, risk, hazard,

miz up, mingle, compound, hlcnd. venture.
KaravaYKa^b), -dcru), to force dnion, Kivito, -Tjcroj, to move, start, set in
overpower by force, constrain, con- motion, stir up, arouse.
fine. kXoiSos, -ov, 6, olive branch, young
Kara'pxto C^'- ^PX'^)^ '" 'make a begin- tree.

ning, to lead the way, lead the KXeivCas, -ov, 6, Clinias.

fashion. Koni.Lt,o>, -law, to put to sleep ; to

Karao-apKOb), -uxro;, to get fat, to in- appease.

crease in flesh. KoivtuvCa, -as, ?;, communion, felloiv-
KaracTKeWa), -cTKeXQi, to
parch, dry ship. intercourse.
up ; pass, (together with the pf. KoXa^o), KoXdaw, CKiXatra, KeKb\a.Ka,
act., KaT^ffKX-qKa), to wither away. to prune, chastise, correct, punish.
KaTao-KcvaJw, -dcrcj, to prepare, fur- KoXaKcia. -as, tJ, flattery, fawning,
nish, equip ; mid., to prepare one- adulation.
self; pa.ss., be furnished with KoXa|, -a/cos, 6, a flatterer, fawner.
something. KoXacris, -iws, t), a pruning, a pun-
KaTax«a), -xew, to pour upon, shed ishing, chastening.
lipan. KO|iiS^, adv., with care, carefully.
KaT€'x«, Kade^o}, keep back, restrain, KOp,C^b>, -i(7(j3, eK'6/Xl(Ta, KeKd/ULLKa, KSKd-

possess, hold, occupy. Hia-fj-ai, ^KOfxlcrdTjv, to take care of,

Kdro), adv., doiim, downward. carry off, bear away; hence re-
KaroTTTpov, -ov, t6, a mirror. treat, travel.
Karo pier (Tit), -^u, -|a, KaTopibpvxa, Ka- ko)1|1(i>tikV), -i]i, 7), the art of toilet,
TopvxOriv, to bury, inter, to hide in the toilet, the art of dressing
the ground. up.
Kcios. -o, -ov, Cean ; KeTos, -ov, 6, an Kovis, -tos, ii, dust, ashes.
inhabitant of the island of Ceos. KopvpavT^^w, -iffu, to purify by the
K€i(iai, Keiaofiai, used as pass, of rites of the Corybantes.

Tid-qfu, be set down, be offered, Kopv<j>aios, -a, -ov, adj., at the head,
proposed. leading ; with 6 as subst., a chief,
KcXevo), -o-w, to order, command. leader, ruler.
K€vTpov, -ov, t6, a point, prickle, a Ko'o-Kivov, -ov, t6, a sieve.

sling. Ko<r\i.i<ji, -r)uw, to arrange, to deck,

K6p5a\eos, -a, -oi', adj., crafty, cun- adorn, embellish.
ning, shreiod ; of things, profit- KoVjxos, -ov. 6, order, ornament, em-
able, gainful. ment. decoration.
bellish

KspSos, -eos, t6, gain, profit. KOTivos, -01', 6 or Tj, the wild olive.
K€4)a\\T|v, -ijvos, 6. a Cephallenian. Kovpa, -as, tJ, a clipping or cropping
KTipv^, -vKos, 6, the Jierald, pursuivant. if the hair.
KiOapC^o), -Lffw, to play on the lyre or Kparc'd), --flaw, to be Strong, rule over,
lute. be master of.

Kiv8uv€v<o, -<Tw, to be daring, venture Kpario-Tos, ->?, -ov (super, of d7a^(5s),

into danger, run a risk ; pass., to best, strongest, mightiest.
be exposed to danger. Kparvvw, -WW, to strengthen, affirm ;
 VOCABULARY 73

pass., to become strong, master of; Xo-yi<r|i6s, -ov. 6, a reasoning, reckon-

hence to conquer. ing, computation.
-ijffoj, to make words, in-
Kpiirroiv or KpeLo-o-cov, -ov, adj. (irreg. XoYOiroi€w,
coiupar. of dyados), stronger, bet- vent stories, fabricate reports, lie.
ter, braver. Xo-yoiroi.os, -ov, 6, a historiaji, writer

Kpivu, Kpivu), to separate ; to judge, of prose, a chronicler.

think, hold, suppose. Xd-yos. -ov, 6, icord, story, argument,
-aros, to, a beat, note, a narration, writing, lecture ;
also
Kpovfia.
sottnd produced by hitting a science.

string; also a strain. XoiSopib), --qau, i\oi56pr]cra, to rail at,

KTOLOJiai, KTT)(TOIXai., eKTTJffdfJiriV, K^KTYj- abuse, revile.
ixai, (iep. , to gain for oneself, ac- Xotiro's, -r,, -6v, the rest, remaining.
quire ;
hence to have, possess. Xvpa, -as, 77, the lyre.

KXT^jxa. -aros, v, a piece of property, Xvo-iTtXeerxepos, -a, -ov (compar. of

a possession. \v(TiTe\r)s), more profitable, more
KTf\(ris, -ii^s, 17, acquiring, purchase, advaiitagcous, cheaper.
possession. Xu(riTeXT)s, -^s, profitable, useful, ad-

KuP«pvT|Tris. -01', 6, a pilot, Steersman, vantageous, cheap.

helmsman. Xvw, \v(Tuo, to deliver, loosen, un-
Kv^os. -on, 6, solid, square, cube. bind, release, destroy.
Kajfiao-TT|s, -oO, 6, a reveler, merry-
maker.
-01;, 6, a revel, carousal, mer-
M
Ku^tos,
rymaking. fxa-yeipos, -ov, 6, a cook, butcher.
(idOTijia, -aros, t6, knowledge, lesson,
study; in plural, mathematics,
\a\i^a,v(a, Xifi^j/ofMai. fXa^ov, €(\r)<t>a, sciences.

£r\r?/x^ai, i\i<pdT)v, to take, receive, MaOovo-oXa, 6, indeclinable, Methu-

gain, icin, seize, grasp, get hold of. selah, son of Enoch.
X.a|nrpw9, adv., brilliantly, iii a bril- [xaKpoPicuTaros, -t), -ov, oldest, long-
liant manner. est-lived, most aged.
XavOavu, Xi^frw, eXa^oi', XAtj^o, to (laKpo's. -d, -bv, long, deep, high;
escape, avoid, escape notice, be with fTri. far away.
unseen. (xaKpoTcpos, -a, -ov, longer, higher;
\iyfii, \i^u), e\e^a, erXoxct, XA«7/ia(, with firl, farther away.
iXixSv"} to say, tell, relate, re- [laXaTTw, -^w, to make soft, soften,
count. alleviate.

Xcia, -OS, 17, booty, plunder, spoil. (laXio-ra, adv. (super, of /udXo),
XcCttu, -'^ii). e\nrov, XAotira, XAe(/.i- most, most of all, especially.
fj.ai, i\ei(pd7)v, to leave, abandon; fidXXov, adv. (compar. of /udXa),
mid. ,
to bequeath ; pass., to be more, rather.
left, abandoned. |iiav6dv(o. fxadrjcrouat. ffxadov, to learn,
Xtf^iou, -affw, to he bleared, purblind, ascertain, nnderstand, be ac-
have bleared eyes. quainted with, perceive, observe,
X(Oos, -ov,6, a stone, rock. remark.
74 Aoros npo2 tots neots

(lavCa, -aj, i), rage, madness, frenzy, H£Td, prep, with gen., in the midst
fury. of; Willi dat., among, with ; whh
Map-yixTjs, -ov, 6, Margites. ace., coming to, into, among.
Mapo-vas, -ov, 6, Marsyas. (icraPaXXu) (v. /SdXXo;), to turn
|iapTvp€(i>, -Tjo-w, to be a witness, tes- quickly or suddeiily, undergo a
tify- chaiiijp, be transported.
p.ao-Ti|, -470$, a whip, scourge.
77, |i{TaPoXT|, -^s, i], a change, vicissi-
Mc-yapo'Ocv, ailv., //-om Megara. tude.
(i^-yas, -ixeydXri, M^a, great, large, \k(TaS\.o)KTiov, verbal adj. of yuera-
high. 5tu)Kw, one must pursue, overtake,
(jL€-y60os. -eos, t6, greatness, grandeur. chase, strive after.
|j,{Y*-cTos, -7;, -ov, super, of /x^yas, |i€Ta^u, adv. (of place), beticeen ;

largest, greatest. (ol time), afterwards; as prep,

|i£0CKT€ov, verbal adj. of fier^x^i one with gen. (of place), between; (of
must share or participate in. time), driving.
)xc6v<o,used only in pres. and iinperf. ft^Twirov, -01;, t6, forehead, front.
(other tenses are supplied from ^iTi\fa, ixeBi^w (v. ^x'^)^ to have part
the pass, of fxedicKM), to be drunk, in, to share in.
intoxicated. (i^Tpov, -ov, t6, measure, beat, meter,
|u((wv, -ov (irreg. compar. of /xiya^), measured space.
greater, larger. )i'f\, adv., 7iot, lest.

^t\a.yiyjo\La., -as, t}, melancholy, \t.r]SiLs, uijd^v, no one, none,

fi-nde/xia,
black bile, jaundice. nobody.
(liXcTaw, -7](TU), to care for, to train, jii^v,
a particle strengthening affir-
prepare. mation, yea, indeed, verily, truly.
(icX^TT], -ijj, 7), exercise, practice, care, (I'/JTC,
and not ; ixrjre . . .
nrjTe,
attention. neither . . . nor.
(icXi, -IT05, rb, honey. |i(a, fern. nom. sing, of e«'$, fj.la, iv.

[x^XiTTa, -7JS, r],a bee. fiiKpo's, -a, -bv, adj., small, little.

fi^XXu, ixeWriffw, ^/xAXTjcra, tO be MCXwv, -wvos, 6, Mill), the athlete.

aboxit to do; hence to intend, |i,i|Xc'o|iai, -^(To/iat, ejui/xTjcrd^nji/, jueyUt'/i?,-

purpose, design. (lai, dep., to imitate, mimic, copy.

a song, air, melody,
(icXos, -eof, t6, |ji(|iT]o-is, -eu>s, 17, imitation.

chant ; also a limb. remember, call

|xi.|ivT|o-Kw, -ij.v7)a-w, to

fxtXo), iJLe\r)(ru, to be
object of an to mind; mid. andpass., remind
care ;
also to take care of. tend. oneself and be reminded; hence
)i€X(>>8(a, -as, T), singing, melody. remember, recollect.
jifv, conj. part., and; with 5^, on fiCgis, -eojs, 7], intercourse, fornication.
the one hand, on the other. |ivV||iT], -17s. T), remembrance, memory,
|i^vTOi, certainly, however, still, recollection.
nevertheless. (ioix'Ca, -0$, t;, adultery, fornication,
|i^pos, -ovi, TO, a part, sha^-e, portion. debauchery.
n^o-os, -77, -ov, ill, the middle, middle, pLo'Xis. adv., hardly, scarcely.
center ; rb niaov, in the midst, in |jioXvpSos, -01;, 6, lead.

public. (lovovovx^, adv., solely, only, surely.

 VOCABULARY T5

alone, only, left see <rvn<f>ip(ji.

(iiivos, -V, -ov, adj., |v|i<{>ep(i),

alone, forsaken. 5wveirt(|ii, -rjaofxai., to follow, pursue,

|j.ov<riK^, -^s, 7], music, poetry. go against, attack.
|j.ovo-iKb$, -oO, 6, a musician, a poet. gvvopdw, ^vvb-^Ofxai, ^vvetSov (v. opaia),
-6v, adj., loretched, vil- to see all at once, take in all at a
p.ox8T]pos, -0.,

lainous; also toilsome, lahorious. glance ; hence to take a full view

|Av6os, -ov, 6, speech, myth, tale, story. of a thing.
(ivpios, -a, -01', adj., numberless ;
in Jvo-tCs, -/5os, ^, a robe loith a sweep-
plural, as definite number, ten ing train, a beautifid and costly
thousand (10,000). gown, a state robe.

fivpiiT}^, -rjKOi, 6, the ant.

p,vpov, -ov, t6, perfume, sweet oil,

halsain.
Mvo-o's, -ov, 6, a Mysian. 6, 7), t6, the.

Mb>v(r7]s, -ov, 6, Moses. oht, vSe. ride, this, this one here.
oSos, -ov, 7), a way, road, route,
means.
N '

OSvcra-fv's, -^ws, 6, Ulysses.

vava-y^w, -i)<Tu, to suffer shipwreck, 89«v, adv., whence, from whence.
be shipwrecked. ollag, -a/cos, 6, tiller, rudder, helm,

vavaY^ov, -ov, t6, a wreck, shipioreck. handle.

vefj.Q>, (veifjia, to make friends, oIkcios, -a, -01', adj., domestic; also
v€|iu),
to reconcile, manage, sicay. proper, suitable, fitting.
viKoLo), vLKrjffus, to conquer, vanquish, olKCkOTcpos, -a, -ov, couipar. of ot/ceios,
rule over, overpoiver. more proper, more suitable.
vo(iC^w, vo/xlffcj, ivbixiaa, to hold, oIkcioti^s, -17T05, 17, affinity, relation-

think, believe, esteem. ship.

0, a laio, custom, usage, olofiai, olriaofiat, i^i-fiBijv, to think,
vofios, -01',

rule. suppose, believe.

voos, v6ov (contracted, vovs, vov), 6, the olovci, as if.
mind, attention, thought, reason. olos, o'it), olov, such, of such sort,
votros, -ov, 17, malady, sickiiess, dis- manner, or kind; in ueut., ol6v
ease. iariv, it is possible ; ovx oUvia-riv,
-es, adj., sickly, ailing, it is impossible.
vo<r^ST]s,
diseased. 6\i-yos, -V' -Of, fete, little.
vvv, adv. of time, noio ; oi vOv, men oXos, ->?. -01', whole, entire, complete.

of the present day, contemporaries. 'OXv|imds, -aSos, 17, Olympian, the

Olympic games ; dat., at Olympus.
"OXvp,iros, -ov, 6. Olymptis.
oXws. adv., wholly, entirely, alto-

|a(v(d, ^avC), e^rjva, to comh, to card, gether.

clean, to lash, whip (generally of "0|ATipos, -ov, 6, Homer.
wool). 6|iiX€T€ov (verb, adj.), one must hold
|v(iPov\€V(», -<Tw, to advise, counsel, intercourse with, be friends, trade
recommend. with.
76 Aoros npos tots neots

6\i.\ia, -aroi, t6, anything seen, spec- opOus, adv., rightly, well, in a
tacle, the eye. righteous manner.
0|Jivv|xi, d/xdauj, &ixocra, d/xtLjjiOKa, ofxui- opi^co, bpiaw, ojptaa, mid. fut. optoO-
fj.oa/xaL. difioaOyji', to take an uath, to /xai, to mark off, bound, limit, de-
swear. termine.
6(Ao£o)s, adv., in like manner, alike, bpKos. -ov, b, an oath.
like. 6pp.T|, -?)s, 17, an assault, attack.
6|j.oXo-y€<o, -TTjcrw, wfj.o\6yT]iTa,
to speak opjios, -ov, 6, a haven, port, harbor;
tixji'ther, converse in the same also a chain.

language, agree. opos, -ou, b, a bounda}-y, limit, rule.

-rjffo}, to be of one mind, 6pxTl<ris, -eus, 7], the dance, dancing.
6|jLovoEb>,

agree together. opxos, -ov, 6, a row of trees.

o^ov, adv., altogether, at once. OS. r/, a, who, lohich.

ovap, t6 (used only in nom. and ace. oo-os, -y), -ov, such, each, every ;
and
case), a dream, a vision in sleep. also how great, how much.
6v€i8(^b>, -Icrw, (liveidiaa, to reproach, oo*o(rir€p, 6(jr]T€p. tiaovirep, as great
upbraid. as, as much as, how great, how
6v«i8os, -eos, rb, reproach, blame, much.
disgrace. 00-irep, T^Trfp, fiTrep, ivho, ivhich, the

6vo\i.a, -aros, t6, name. very man icho or the very thing
6vo|xd^(i>, -dcrw, ihv6/j.o(Ta, to name, ivhich.
call, address. ooTTis, iJTis, Sri, any one w,ho, who-
OTTT],
adv. of place, by which loay, soever.
lohither. 6<rTi(rouv, rjTiffovv, briovv, whosoever,
oirXiJw, -ifl-o), wTr\Lcra, to prepare, any one. wliatsoever.
train, get ready, equip, arm. 6{r(j)pT]Tis, -eojs, 17, the sense of smell,
oirXov, -ov, rb,armor, heavy shield. ."^melling.
oTTOTt, rel. conj., when, whenever; orav, ivhenever.
in causal sense, for that, because, 6t£, conj., that (used like our that
since. in quoting another's words).

oirov, xchere. ov (before a vowel with smooth

o'TTus, how, in lohat manner; as breathing, ovk before one with a ;

a final conj. to express purpose, rough breathing, ovx), neg. adv.,

that, in order that, so that. not ; ov . . . ov, neither . . . nor.

6pd(0, bipofj.aL, eidov, wcpdrjv, to see, ovSafxov, adv., noichere, not at all.
look, perceive. oiJSt, adv., and not; ovbe oiiSe, . . .

opYttvov, -ov, rb, an i)istrument, a tool. ncitlwr . . . nor.

opyr\, -1?!, Vj anger, wrath, impulse, ovSeis, -fpio^ ovbiv, no one, none,
feeling, temper. not any.

opOiov, -ov, rb, narrowness, rough- ovScT£pos, -a -ov, neither of two.

ness, steepness. ovKovv, adv., not therefore.
opOios, -a, -ov, steep, rising upwards, ovv, adv., then, therefore, conse-
uphill, inland. quently.
opOos, -ij, -bv, straight, right, true, ovs, u>r6s, rb, the ear, sense of hear-
exact, upright. ing.
 VOCABULARY 77

0VT6, adv., and not ; ovre . . .

ovre, iravToSairds, -v, -6v, adj., of every
neither . . . nur. kind, of all sorts, manifold.
OUTOS, aVTIJ, TOVTO, tlilS. •irdvv,adv., altogether, very much,
ouTws, adv. (before a consonant exceedingly.
ovrw), in this manner, thus. Trapa, prep. c. gen., dat., and ace. ;

OJX.I' '"^'l^'- (""^ °'^)- >'"^• with gen., from, beside (hence
6J)£\.os, -ovs, TO, usefulness, adcan- issuing from) with dat., with,
;

tagp, profit, help, aid. beside, near ; with ace, beside, to,
6(j)9a\(i6s, -0 6, the eye.', beyond, toward.
bt^Kia-KOLvo), 6p\)cr(i}, to owe, pay a rrapa.yyi\\ia, -aros, t6, an order, com-
debt, be cast out, convicted. mand, precept.
o\)/ts, ews, ij, appearance, sight, ap- 7rapd8ei7|j.a, -aros, t6, an example,
parition, vision. pattern, model.
irapaScKTtov. verbal adj., one must
admit, alloio.
n irapaS€x.o|xai, -8i^o/xai. (v. 5^x0^"*'))
ira-yKpariov, -ov, t6, a complete or full to receive, admit, welcome.

contest, the pancratium. irapaS(8(i>p,i. -Saxrw (v. 5/5a)/xi), give,

irdGos, -eos, t6, passion, suffering, hand an-r, give up, surroider.
misfortune. irapaiv6cd, -^cuj or -^crofj-ai, waprive<7a.,
ira[8€V|j.a, -aro';, t6, a lesson, instruc- irap-^veKa, to command, advise,
tion, precept ; a pupil. counsel, recommend.
iraCSevo-is, -eais, r), instruction, edu- irapaiTTio-is, -ews,i], an excuse, ear-
cation, rearing, training. nest supplication, deprecation.
iraiSeviw, -ito;, to bring up a child, to irapaKaXew, kuXQ (v. /caXew). to call
teach, train, instruct. to one, name, summon, to induce.
n-aiSid, -as, rj, sport, amusement, irapaKiv€<o, -tjctcj, to move aside, ex-
game. cite, disturb, displace.
•irai8oTpiPT]s, -01', 6, a training mas- irapdXXtiXos, -ov, adj., beside one
ter, a master of gymnastics. another, side by side, parallel.
irais, iratdds, 6, boy, young man, 7rapa)i€v<i>, -fj.evQi, Trapi/xeiua, to Stay
child. beside, remain, survive, stand
iraXaio's. -d, -6c, old, aged, ancient, fast.
venerable. n-apdirav, adv., on the whole, abso-
iraXatcTTpa, -as, i), the palaestra, lutely, altogether.
the ivrestling school. irapaTrefiirw.-iri/ji^pw, ewen^a, to send

irdXt), -7JS, r/, ivrestling, a struggle, a along, escort, convoy.

contest. •irapairXT|o-ios. -a, -ov, adj., like,
irdXiv, adv., back, backwards; of equal, similar.
time, again. irapairXTicrCws, adv., nearly, almost,
iravrdirao-i, adv., wholly, entirely, equally.
completely. irapao-KeDd^o), -diru), to get ready, pre-
iravTtXus, adv., entirely, absolutely. pare, make preparations.
irdvTii, adv., everywhere, on every irapao-KtuTJ, -^s, 17. a getting ready,
side, every ivay, by all means. practice, preparation.
78 Aoros npos totz neots

Trapao-^pci), -ffvpd, to drag or sweep ircipdofxai., -dcrofiai, -<T6.p.r)v,

mid. dep.,
away, hurry along. to attempt, undertake, try.

irapa(}>^p(tf, -oLaw (v. cp^pw), to bear, jreipareov (verbal adj. of Treipdw),

bring, or carry away, to turn one must attempt, try, or strive.
aside or aioay, avoid, shun. ir£ipdci>, -dffu, iirelpaaa, to attempt,
irapeiSov, aor. II. irapopdw (q.v,). undertake, try.

TrapeiKcLo-as, from TrapeiKa^u). •n-€i<rT«ov (verbal adj. of ireldw'), one

-irapeiKd^w, -dcrw, to compare, to place must persuade, one must obey.
side by side. irepaiTt'pw, ?lAv ., farther beyond. ,

be around, near ;
irap-€£p.t, -^(xoiJ,ai, to ire'pas, -aros, t6, end, extremity, ter-
also to excel, stirpass, conquer, be mination ;
as an adv. iripa's, at last.
,

present, at hand. irtpt, prep. c. around, near,

gen.,
irdpcpYos. -01/, adj., subordinate, ac- about, concerning ;c.(ia,t., around,
cessory, accomplice. near, on account of; c. ace,
irap^X"' hare beside, in readi-
^^'^' ^^ around, about, near by.
ness, furnish, supply; mid., to irepipdWw, -/3a\u> (v. /3d\\w), to
supply from one''s own means. throw around or about, build
irapi<r<«o, -(ruxrw, to make just like, be around, embrace.
equal to, to vie loith, to rival irepi(3epX.Tio-9ai, pf. inf. pass, of nepi-
with. /SdWo).
irapoifjiCa, -as, rj, proverb, adage, irepfyCYvoixai, -yevrja-ofiai (v. yiyvo-
parable, saying. /u,ai), to be over, superior,
to over-

irapoiv^w, -ijffw, iirapt^vTjcra, to mal- come, survive, get over, escape

treat, abuse, outrage. from.
irapo|vv(i), -^vvQ, irapi^^vva, to irri- ir€pfYpa(j)w, -i/'w, to draw, outline,
anger, sharpen one^s anger,
tate, trace, define, determine.
provoke. •ir€pi€i(ii, -i<Top.ai, to be about, present,

irapopdw, 6\po)j.ai (v. opdco), to make near; also to excel, surpass.

light of, overlook, scorn, disdain. irtpUiro), irepU^ui, to take good care
irds, Trdcra, ttoLv, all, every. of, tend diligently.
ird<rx<o, veicrofxai, eiradov, irivovda, to ir£pi€p'yd^o|xai, -dcop.ai, to labor icith,

suffer or be afflicted vnth or by being employed at; to overdo, spoil.

anything, to endure; with /ca/cais, ITtpiKXiis, -^ouj, 6, Pericles.
to suffer evil ;
witli eO, to receive a TTtpLKoiTTU), -^03, to cut all arouud,
favor. clip, mutilate, lay waste, plunder.
irar^p, iraTpos, 6, father ; in plural, irepivoeo). -tjo-w, to examine closely,
forefathers, ancestors. cinisidcr well, seek on all sides.
IlavXos, -ov, 6, *S'(. Paul. ircpiopao), 6\pop.ai (v. opdw), over-
iravw, Travcrw, eiravcra. to cease, to look, disregard, delay, neglect.
make to stop; mid. and pass., to trtpia-iiia, -(Toj, to shake all around
cease, desist, leave off. or about; pass., to be tossed all
irc(6(i>, Trelauj, iireiaa, veireiKa, iriireKT- around, float about.
p.a.1,iweic7dr)v, to persuade, win irtpicTKOir^w, -(TKiipop-OLi., iaK€\p6.p.t)v,
over ; mid. and pass., obey, yield, to examine closely, investigate on
comply. all sides, consider well.
 VOCABULARY 79

ircpio-w^u), -cTilxTU}, to save alive, res- irXovo-iuTSpos, -a. -ov (couip. of ttXou-
cue, save from death; pass., to (Ttos), richer, dearer, wealthier,
escape ivith one's life. more precious.
irepiTTos. -v, -6v. adj., superior, su- •7rXovT€to, -ricTw. to be rich, wealthy,
perfluous, more than sufficient. to abound in anything.

irepiTTOTtpos, -a, -ov, adj., more than irXovTos, -ov, 6, wealth, riches, money.

sufficient, more refined, superflu- irXviva), ttXuvw, iirXvva, to wash clean,

ous. to beat,
" to give one a dressing.''"'
'K(.p\.rv^yja.vii), -Tev^ofxac (v. rvyxdvoj), irv€V|io, -aros, wind, air, life,
t6,
to happen to be, encounter, hap- breath; a]so spirit ; ay lov llveO/ia,
pen, hefall. the Holy Ghost.
ir€pi()>dvcia, -as, i}, array, parade, irvc(i>, irvevcropLai, eirvevaa, ir^irvvfjiai,

notoriety, conspicuousness. iirve^ffdrjv, to breathe, live, hloio,

•ir«pi4>€p(o, (v. (pipw). to
-olcrco carry exhale, have life, be sensible to
umiind, to bear, endure. pain.
TTTjSaXiov, -ov, t6, a rudder. iroOcw, -Tjaui, to desire, long after,
a wine jar. receptacle.
"iriGos. -ov. 6, regret, lament.
iriva^, -oKos, 6, board, plank, a writ- iroie'w, -Tfjjw, to do, make, perform,
ing tablet. cause.
•mo-Tevw, -evcrw. to trust, believe in, TToiriTiov, verbal adj., one must do,
be confident. i/iake, perform.
IIiTTaKos. -ov. 6, Pittacus. n-oiT]TT|s, -ov, 6, a poet.
nXarwv, -wvos, 6, Plato. iroiK^Xos. -»?, -ov. adj.. various, va-
irXtOpov, -oi;, t6. a plethron, one- ried, changeful, changeable.
sixth of a stade. iroX€|i.6s, -ov, 6, war, fight, battle.
irXeios, -v- -ov, adj.. full, abundant, iroXXaKis, adv., many times, often,
numerous. very often.
Epic for
irXtiu), ttX^w. neut. plural of iroXXairXT|<rios, -a, -ov, adj., many
wX^wv (^q.v.). times more, very many.
irXibiv. -ov (compar. of ttoXi/s, q.v.). TTo\\a\66(v, adv., from many places
more, larger, greater, better. or sides, for many reasons.
TrXTTY^i. -77s. 7). a blow, stripe, stroke. iroXXoo-Tos, -1^, -6v, adj., 07ie out of
It found. many, very little, slight, trivial.

nr\r\6os. -eos, t6. a great number, a IIoXvSa)ji,as. -ov, 6, Polydames.

tnuUitude, a crowd. rEoXvKXeiTOs. -ov. 6, Polyclites.
TT\r\6}j<i), -tjffu, to be or become full, TToXvirovs, TToXvirodos, 6 or 17, a many-
abound in. footed creature, polypus.
iT\i\v, 2Ldy., except, besides; as prep., iroXvs, iroWi). Tro\v, many, numerous.
except. irovid). -7]<7w. eir(>v7)CTa. ireTrbvrjKa., to

irXrip^s, -^s. adj., /(/?/. complete, sat- toil, work hard, suffer pain.
isjied. n-ovT)pia. -as, i), badness, loickedness,
irXoiov, -ov, t6, a floating vessel, a cou-ardliness.
ship. TTovos, -01;, 6, labor, work, pain, dis-
irXov<rios, -a, -ov, adj., rich, wealthy, tress.

precious. iropi^w, -io-w, provide, supply.

80 Aoro2 npos tots neots

iropio-Tt'ov, verbal adj., from wopl^w, irpoKeifiai, Keiao/xai (v. to

Kel/xai),
one must furnish, provide, supply. lay before, be set before, be pro-
ir6<ros, -v, -0", adj., how great, how posed, be nominati'd.
m2(ch. irpovoia, -as, 17, attention, foresight,
•TroTa|io's, -oD, 6, a river. forethought.
iroTe, once, ever. irpoopdio, &\(joixa.L (v. opdoo) , to fore-
iroTcpos, -a, -ov, adj., ivhether, lohich see, have foresight.
of two. TTpoiraiScu'to, -aoo. to teach or i)istruct
•irov, somewhere, anywhere. beforehand.
irpd-yjia, -aros, to, an experience, a irpos, prep. c. gen., in front of,
deed, an action, thing. looking towards, from, on the part
•7rpavT|s, Doric and Attic for -rrp-qv-qs. of; c. dat., at, in addition to; c.
irpd^is, -eu3s, 17, an action, deed, doing, ace., to, towards, with a vieiv to.
transaction, affair. irpoo-paivw, -^ri(7afiai (v. ^alvw), to

irpaTTO), TTpd^w, to do, act, make, fin- board, monnt, ascend, attack.
ish, accomplish. irpoo-pdXXw (v. /3dXXw), to apply,
irpaws, adv., mildly, gently. attend to, look out for; also to
irpT)VT|s, -^?, adj., downhill, down- throir to or towards.
wards, sloping. •7rpocr8€0(Aai, -SeTjcrw (v. S^/uat), dep.,
irpLv, adv., before, until. to be in ivant of, to need, ask,
irpoaipEb), -y)<T<j3 (v. aipiti)), act., to hcg.
take away, seize; mid., to choose, irpOO-SoKdci), -b0KT)<TW, €56K7J(Ta (v,
prefer; pass., be chosen, captured, doKaw), to expect, look for, await.
taken. irpocr6KT€ov. verbal adj., from irpo-

•jrpoa<j>io"TT|(ii, irpoaTroaT7](ToiJ.ai, to re- (Tcxo:, must apply, attend to.

volt beforehand, to desist before. irpocrtoiKa, a perfect with a present
irpoYovos, -ov, adj., elder, older; ol meiniiii.i,\ to be like, resemble, to

Trpoyofoi, forefathers, ancestors. seem proper, fit.

•nrpo7u|j.va5<<>, -dec;, to exercise before- irpoo-e'px^op.ai (v. epxop.a.L), to come

hand. forward, approach, visit.
ITpoSiKos. -ov. Prodicus. Trpo<rt\o), -i^oj (v. exw). to have at
irpoiL\>.i. -eao/xai. to go forivard, ad- hand, near; c. rhv vovu, to turn
nnicc. oio'^s rjii}id or attention to a thing.

irpoefisvos, 2(1 aor., mid., part, of TTpocTTyopia, -as, ij, a name, friendly
irpoiri/j.L (q.r.). greeting, miming.
•7rpoTi7ov|i€v<os, adv. , antecedently, Trpoo-TJKo), -ri^ui. imperf. irpbariKov, to
chicjly, principally. ill'
uciir, (d lia)id,j)resent ; impers.,
7rpo0vfjLU)s, adv., readily, vnllingly, d is proper, befitting, right.
i[iiirkly, freely. •7rpo(rT|Ki«»v, -ovaa. -Of, adj., belonging

irpoiTjfii., Trporjaw (v. ir],ui), to let go to. /iriijier, beiitting.

or send foricard, to give up, de- irpoo-GriKT], -?;?, 77. an addition, ap-
liver, let fill, throw away. jieiidiige. aid, help.

irpoKaXe'co, -^aw. to rail forth, to call TTpocrLr\\ii, -rjacj (v. ir]/jLL), to send or
on; mid., to chcdlenge, defy, ex- come to; mid., to approve, admit,
cite, rouse, stir up. allow.
 VOCABULARY 81

irpoo-vpao) (v. opaai), to look at. paGvuia, -as, rj, carelessness, thought-
TTpoa-TTtpi^aXXu, -/3a\u) (v. /SdXXw), to lessness.
throw or put around, compass. pao-Tos, -r), -ov, adj. (irreg. super, of

•n-poo-Ta-yjia, an -aros, to, order, p4dwi), easiest, most easy.

commandment, command. pao-TuvT], -rjs, 7], easy temper, rest,
TrpotTTaTTo), -^w, give order's, com- indolence, leisure.
mand, appoint, place, arrange. puBiivai, inf. aor. I. pass, of (pTfi/xi.

irpoo-Tu-yxoivto, to proceed, surpass, f>f{\i,a, -aros, r6, a xoord, expression,

olitiiin ^first. phrase.
irpoo-Tvx^o'v, -ov, t6, anything near at pTjTojp, -opos, 6, orator, public speaker,
hand, the first thing one meets. rhetorician.
irpdcra), adv. , forward. piTTTw, pi^w, ippLfa. to throiv, hurl,
irpoo-wirov, -ov, Tb,face, visage, coun- cast out.
tenance, appearance. po5&)via, -as, -rj, a rose hed, garden
n-poTeXt'o), -^(Tw, to he initiated, to of vo.ses, rosary.
pay as a toll.
pt6|XTj, -7)s, 7], vigor, force, bodily
rrpoTepov, adv., before, sooner, ear- strength.
lier.

irporepos, -a, -ov, adj., before, sooner,

in front. SapSavairaXos, -ov, 6, Sardanapalus.
irpoTpe'-iro), -i/'u), to turn, urge, ex- o-€auTov, -Tjs, of thyself, nf your-
hort, persuade. self.
Trpovp-yov (contr. for irp6, epyou), SeipTJv, -rjvos, ij, a Siren; metaph.,
worth while, profitable ; adv. srr-
, a deceitful ivoman.
viceahly, conveniently. o-€'\ivov, -ov, t6, parsley.
jrpuTov, ^A.v., first, in the first place, o-Oe'vos, -eos, t6, strength, might,
firstly. force ;
navrl ffd^vei.. icith all one's
irpaJTos, -v, -ov, adj., first, foremost, might.
front, earliest; to. wpQiTa, the first (Tia-ywv, -ows, 6, the jaw bone, the jaw.
prize. (TiTiov, -01), TO, food, provision.
nxiOa-yo'pas, -ov, 6, Pythagoras. (TicoTrao), --qaop-ai, ecrLivmjcra., to be si-
iri- lent, to
7ruv6dvo(Aai, irevcrofiaL, iTrvOd/x-qu, keep still, keep silence.
vvaixaL, to ask, inquire, learn, un- cTKa-irTTip, -rjpos, 6, a vine dresser, a
derstand. digger.
rivGios. -a, -ov, adj., Pythian, Del- o-Kd<|>os. -eos, TO, trench, p)it.
phian. cTKeirT], -7;s, 17, a covering, shelter,
irvp, TTvpds, Tb,fire. cover.
irws, in some way, somehow. o-KTivT|, -11';, rj, a tent, a stage.
•irws, hoio ? o-Kict, -as. i), shadow, shade, ghost.
o-KiaYpa<{>ia, -as, i], a sketch, a rough

painting, an outline.
paSios, -a, -ov, adj., easy, light. o-KOTTo's, -ov. 6 and 17, a mark, object,
paSicos, adv., easily, smoothly. design, purpose.
pa6v|A6'a), --qaw, to he easy tempered, o-KOTos, -OV, 6, obscurity, gloom,
thoughtless, careless, idle. darkness.
ST. BASIL 6
82 Aoros nP02 tots neots

o-KuiiTToi, (TKibipofiai, iUKiijipa, to jeer <rv[jnr£irT(i), irfcrovfiai (v. ir^TTTo)), to

(U, laugh at, abuse. Come together.

cixiKpos, -a, -ov, for fxiKpos. cruiiiro'TTis, -ov, 6, fellow drinker,
2o'\u>v, -ovos, 6, Solon. boon companion.
cro(^ia, -as, 17, ivisdam, knowledge, a'v|ji(|>€'p(o, <7vi/oifno, crvvrifeyKa, to bear,
sl-iU. carry impers., to be of use.
;

<ro<j)i(rTTis, -ov, 6, n sophist, professor (TvvaSu) or (rwaeiSw, -g^crofxaL, to sing

of arts or sciences. together, accompany in a song.

o-o<})o's, -»?, -i''', adj., learned, loise, aruvap|io'^co. -ocrw, adapt to, fit to-

cb'Vcr, skillful. gether, join, unite.

o-iroipTos, -ov, 6 and 17, sjiartnm, <rvvav|dva), -ricru, to increase, en-
hemp; also con?, rope. htrgr.
(rirouSdJo), -dTOfiaL, iaTrovdaaa, to o-uvyi-yvofiai, -vei'ijcro/xai (v. •ylyvofxai),
make haste, be in earnest, be zeal- to associate ivith, to live vnth,

ous, serious. trade with.

(TirovSaios, -a, -ou, adv., earnest, (TuvScw, avv^Tjaii} (v. S^oj), to bind
serious, good, honorable. together, to seal, solder.
crirovSri, -^s, i], zeal, haste, earnest- <rvv(yyv<s, adv., quite near, close to.
ness. (Tuve^wv, from crw^dw.
o-7rov8^, z.A\ ., scarcely , hardly, has- irvvii\Li, -^(TOfxai, to be with, to accom-

tily,without design. pany.

o-rdSiov, -ov, t6, a fixed standard of <rviv€Kv€w, eKvevcronai, to SWiJU, to
length, a stade. swim away, to save one's self by

o-Tdo-i(ios, -ov, adj., stationary, sta- swimming.

ble, fixed. o-vveTropiai, dep., to follow close, to
ari^a^'o$, -ov, 0, a crown, wreath, follow u'ith the mind, to under-
garland. stand.

(TTpaTiryo's, -ov, 6, a chief, leader, (Tw^do), -^ri(ToiJ.ai, to live.

general. <rvvTi6€ia. -as, i], custom, habit, in-

a-vyyivr\s. -ei, adj., born loith, in- terroursc.
biini, ri'lated to, natural. <rvv(T||ii, (TvvTja-w (v. i'Tj/xt), to per-
<r\JY"Yvto(j.T], -r]s, 7;, pardon, forgive- ceive,understand, know; also, to
ness. bring or send together.
O'V'^^pa.^^a., -aros, rb, a book, a a-vvvtvo), -€V(7w, to bend together, to

loriting, a pmse work. incline to the same point, to ap-

o-u7'ypa<j)€vs, -^w?, 6, a historian, prove by wiird; hence to consent.

irritcr, author. o^vvopda). (TVp6\pofxaL (v. opdw), to see
o-uX.\ap.pdva) (v. Xan^dvu), to bring at a glance, to see altogether or

together, collect, unite, re- at once.

unite. <ruvT«'X«ia, -as, t), a help, aid, contri-
o-u|iPa£v(i), /3iJ(ro;uai, to come together, bution, end, finish.
til meet. <rvvT€\€'<o, -((TO}, to complete, finish,

<rvp.iras, -ira<Ta, -irav, adj., aJl to- to contribute, be useful.

gether, all at once ;

t6 (T^j/xTav, the «rvvTovov, adv., earnestly, fixedly,
sum, total. vehemently.
 VOCABULARY 83

«rvvTovos, -Of, adj., on the stretch, TeXtvTdw. -T7<rw, to end, complete, ac-

strained; of persons, intent, ear- complish ; c. Tov piov, to die.

nest, serious, sincere. Ti\iVT-f\, -TJ;, i], finish, end.
«r\»x.v6s, -^, -0", adj., of time, long; T€\os. -Otis, t6, end, fulfillment, ac-
of num. and quan., many, fre- complishment, issue.

quent, large. T€p)ia. -aros, the end, boundary.

<r\(S6v, adv., near, nigh, close to, T€Tpaiva>, TerpavOj, Terprjfxai, to bore,
almost, about. pierce, make holes.
(rxT|jia, -aros, t6, form, shape, out- T«TpT](ievov, from TeTpalvo).
ward appearance. ri\vr\, -Tjy, ij, art, trade.

(TxoXd^w, -da-w, to have leisure, have retos, adv., so long, meanwhile.

a chance, to care, loish, be TT]\l.K01JT0S, -a.i)TT), -OVTOV, SUCh, SO
able. great, so old, of such an age.
<rxoXT|. -^s, V, school, leisure, spare TtiviKaira, adv., then.
time. TTjpew, -Tjffu, to take care of, watch,
Z(»KpdTT]s, -ous, 6, Socrates. preserve.
a-wp.a. -aros, t6, the body. Ti\pr\riov, see TTjpew.
<rc0(j>pov€w, -^crw, to be loise. moder- tCktw, Tf|a>, tu beget, produce.
ate, sound in mind. TiOwvos, -OV, 6, Tithon.
2<i»4)pov£<rKos, -ov, 6, Socrates, son Tijidw, -^o-w, to honor, respect, hold
iif Siiphroniscus. worthy.
o-n)(})poo-vvt], -7;s, y), temperance, mod- TinT|, -^s, ii, honor, rarik, price.
eration, self-control, discretion. Ti|i(opia. -as, i], help, aid.
Ti(jLiioT€pos, -a, -ov, adj., more valu-
able, more precious, dearer.
T Timotheus, the mu-
TifioOcos. -ov, 6,

TaKTiKos, -I?, nf military tactics;

-Of, sician and poet.
t4 TaKTiKo,, military tactics. t£s, tL, gen. rtVos, icho, which,
rdXavTov, -ov, to, a balance, a talent what.
(of money). tIs. tI, Tiv6s. indef. pron., one, any
To^is, -fws, T], arrangement, order, one, some one, something.
class. Toiwv, the7i.

Taweivos, -'7, -ov, low, abject. TotovTos, -avTTj, -ovTo, of such o kind,
TaTTCivoTTis, -'?Tos, Tj, baseuBSS, vile- quality, or size.
)iess, lowness. To^oTiis. -ov, 6, a boicman, archer.
T€, enclitic, correl.. with Kai or re. ToVos. so great, so long.
-V- -Of-
TtKvoOs, -ovcrca, -ouv, participial adj. , TotrovTos, -avTT}, -ovTo, so much, so
having children, having an off- great, so large.
spring. ^
t6t£, adv., then, at that time.
TCKToviKo's, v, f>v, adj., skilled in ; Tpa-ytpoia, -as. ij, a tragedy, heroic
building ;
with 6 as a subst. play.
T€KToviKos, a good carpenter; 17 Tpaireja, -775, r/, a table.

TeKToviKT). carpentry. TpaTre^o-troios. -ov, 6, a cook, waiter,

TcXeioTcpos, -a, -ov, more complete, table servant.
more full, fuller. TpaTrT|Tai, lonic for TpeTrr]Tai.
 84 Aoros npos tots neots

Tpaxvs, -eia, -v, rough, rugged. tiir-qpto-Ca, -as, r;, hard work, service
Tptis, rpLa, three. rendered, assistance, aid, help.
Tpe'irw, to turn.
-i/'co, vin)p€T€w, -7;(7w, viTTjpiTrjcra, to serve
Tp€'4)u», dp^ij/w, to nourish, make firm. on a ship, work for, obey, gratify,
Tpe'x^w, 5panoufj.ai, edpa/xou, Sidpd/xrjKa, please, humor.
to ru7i, move quickly. virio-xv«o(iai, -oD/nat, to undertake.
TpiaKo'vTtt, thirty. viro, prep., c. gen., from under, be-
xpoiros, -ov, 6, a way, manner, fashion. neath; II. c. dat.,
under, below;
Tpv(j>T|, -9js, rj, softness, delicacy, III. c. ace., towards, under, abotit,
luxury. near.
Tvy\av<t), Tfv^ofjLa.1, (Tvxov,find, meet, viro8€iKvv(ii (v. delKvvfj.1), to shoic,
reach, gain, and happen. mark out, teach by example.
TVITTft), T^\pli}, iTVXpa, iTVKOV, T^TVCpa, viroGTiKT]. -Tjs, 17, a piece of advice, a
to strike, hit, knock. hint, a suggestion.
Tv\6v, adv., by chance, perhaps, viroKtinai, -K€lcrop.ai, to lie or be
perchance. under.
viroKpCvoiAai, -KpivoO/mat. (v. Kpivo/xai),
to answer, reply; (of
actors), to
vPpis, -ews, 7], arrogance, insult, play a part, to act.
abuse.
v-iroXa|JiPdv(i> Xa/x^dvuj), to take
(v.
v^iiyi, -h, adj., sound, healthy, up, catch up, to take up a notion ;
stout, hearty. hence to assume, suppose.
ijSup, vdaTOi, t6, water. viro\i.(vo), -fj-evQ, virifxeLva. to stay at
vio's, -oD, 6, son. home, stay behind, survirr, remain.
vpieis, ye, you. VTTOrrlTTTOi, irecToO/iai, w^irTujKa, to be
i!|xv€(o, -7](Toj, to eulogize. a slave to
to, serve, cringe, to
virdpxw, -|w, VTTT^p^a, to begin, arise ; submit to.
impers., it is, it is po.ssible, it is
vvoT\.9r\\u, (v. rie-qfjn), to
place und^r,
sufficie7it, it belongs to.
put under, suppose, suggest, advi.'^e.
iiiraros, -rj, -ov, adj., highest, upper- virovXos, -ov, adj., bruised, scared,
most, first. hollow.
virip, prep., c. gen., over, above, in vo-T€pov, adv., again.
defense of, in behalf of; c. ace,
over, beyond, across.
VTrcpPaCvci), -/3i7cro/iai, vwep^^yjv (v.
fiaifoj), to step over, climb over, 4>a£a|, -aKoi, 6, a Phaeacian.
pass by, take no notice of, offend. <)>a£va», (poLvCb, to appear.
•uTTtpoTTTtio), -uj, to bake.
4)avXos, -77, -ov, adj., loorthless, tcith-
virtpoTTTOs (nonent.), proud,haiighty. otit valup, mean, slight.
vircpopdb) (v. 6pa.w),to overlook, sur- ^«i8£as, -01;, 6, Phidias.
vey, disregard, despise. ^ipfo, otffu, fveyKO., ivT^voxa, ivijve-
v7rcpo\|/(a, -as, i], arrogance, con- yfiai, to carry, bear, endure, suffer,
tempt, disdain. permit.
virixbi, ixp^^u) (v. exw), to hold Under; ^tvyfiii, 0et/^o/iai, ^(pvyov, to fiee, take
also to submit, undergo, suffer.
flight, escape, avoid.
 VOCABULARY 85

<j)€UKT€ov (verbal adj. of 4>evyw), one XaXSaios, -ou, 6, a Chaldaean.

mufitflee, escape, avoid. XaXewos, -r], -6", adj., difficult, rough,
epw, dpJjKa, €iprifJ.aL, €ppridr]v, tO hard.
^t\\>.i,

say, speak, tell, relate. XaXeirws, loith difficulty.

'jcra), to meditate, to Xa\eirujT«pos, -a, -ov, adj. (compar.
(|>iXo(ro(t>cw,
practise virtue. of xa^eT6s), 7uore difficult, harder.
-a?, 17, love of icisdum, X,aXiv6s, -ov, 6, a bit, bridle, any-
<}>iX.o(ro4>ia,
love of knowledge; also philoso- thing which checks or hinders.
phy. X,aXK€VTiKos, -ov, 6, a smith, brazier,
<)>i\6(ro<{>os. -ov, adj., loving knowl- metal tcorker.
edge, wise ,
6 (pL\6cro(pos, a philoso- XaXKcvTiKo's, -v, -6", adj., skilled in
pher. metal working.
a torrent, stream,
«j)i\oo-u(iaTOs, -Of, adj., sensual. X€ifi.dppoos, -ov, 6,

<t)oiTdo), -Tjo-o),
to go to and fro regu- water conduit.
the vnnter.
larly, come or go at regular inter- yjti^Stv, -(hvos, 6,

vals, to go to school. X.etp, x^'P'^s, y, the hand.

(j>opd, -as, 17, course, direction, crop, X£ipovo|jiia, -as, 17, exercise, gymnas-
tics.
production.
<|>6pos, -01', 6, tribute, tax. XeCpwv, -ov, adj., worse, meaner, in-
<j)pT)v, <ppr]v6s. 7), the soul, heart, mind. ferior, less.
4>povew, -ricnj, to have understand- \iipStva^, -aKTos, 6, artisan, me-
ing, to think, be sound in mind or chanic.
senses. Xtp""***' ""^'^ °' '^' land, earth, dry
-L(Tw, to think. land.
^povrL%o),
«l>pv-yios, -a. -ov,adj., Phrygian, be- XiXioi, -ai, -a, thousand-
longing to Phrygin. Xopos, -ov, 6, choir, chorus.
<l>pv^, ^pvyos, 6, a Phrygian. Xpdonai, xPWop-a-t, ixPV'^^-M", k^xPV-
<j)vXaKTJ. -^s, y, a guard, watch, gar- fiai, to use, employ ; also to umnt,

rison. be in need (f.

«j)vXdTTa), -|aj, i(pv\a^a, watch, guard, XpeCa, -as, y, need, want, poverty;
rare for, preserve. use, service, advantage.

<j>v\X.ov, -01;, t6, a leaf; in plu., Xp€<ijv, t6, indecl., v:!hat is necessary,

foliage. fate.
(t>v(ris,-ews, i], the nature, inborn Xprj. XP^'^'f'- i'lipf- ^XPV"^ iinpers. ,

quality or nature of a thing. it is necessary, fit, right, proper,

<}>vt6v, -ov, t6, a plant. 7nust.

<j>va), -troj, to beget, produce. a precious thing, a

\pr\)ia., -aros, t6.

<{)cas, (p(VT6s, 6, a man, mortal. thing which one uses or needs,

money ; plural, riches.
-T), -ov, adj., useful, ser-
\pi\a-iy.o%,
vireable, proper.
fit,

\aLpo), x^'-P'O'^'^i Kex'i'PV'^' '^^X^'PVI^'^'-i yijpr\cniov,

verbal adj. (of XP°-°I^^'-)^

to rejoice, be glad. one must use, employ, serve.

XaXdb). -d(T(i}, fxaXacra, to loosen, to Xpoa, -as, y, the surface of a body,
slacken, release, unbind. skin, complexion, color.
86 Aoros npos tots neots

Xpo'vos, -ou, 6, time, period, season.

XP««r£ov, t6, anything gold, a
-ov,

piece of gold, gold coin, money. «, an exclamation expressing sur-

Xpvao's, -ov, 6, gold. prise, joy, or pain,

adj., {one) loearing w, with the vocative, is a more

Xpv(ro(j>opos, -o;',

gold or golden apparel, address.

gold-
bearing. wSVj, -ijs, 17, a song, ode; in plui;H.
Xuptov, -ov, t6, place. lyric poetry.
6i9io), udriffw or io-o), eojcra, ewxa, <<;

thrust, push, shove.

upatos, -a, -ov, seasonable, due.
}\itvSo\ia\., \f/ev(rofj.ai, i^pevcrdfir^v, e^eu- (opijoji-qv, impf. mid. and pass, of
(T/xai, to lie, speak falsely, perjure, opl^u) {q.v.).
cheat, deceive. is, adv., so, like, as, thus, that.
x|/(v8os, -eos, t6, falsehood. ws, WT65, t6, the ear.
^i\y\ia, -aroy, t6,gold dust. aa-Tt, adv., as, like, so as, so that,
y]iv\ay»)yla., i], the evoking or
-as, that.

xcinning of souls, persuasion, se- aio-ircp, adv., even as, just as, exactly
duction, as.

»l"'X^i -^s, 17, (he soul, mind, life, <o()>cXcia, -o?, T], help, aid, praft,
spirit, breath. advantage.
 •

BASIL, St. BQ
To students on Greek literature. 1160*
.A2M3