Vanet is a subclass of Manet but where mobility is stronger with nodes moving very fast.

The VANET provide connectivity between cars on the road and can serve as gateways to other networks such as internet. The network is powered by vehicles which generate safety messages after the detection of dangerous situations. These messages are then transmitted from vehicle to vehicle to warn drivers of traffic conditions. The network management is delegated and distributed to all nodes in the network. The ITS concept aims to combine the latest technologies such as onboard electronics, sensor networks and wireless networks to provide a new range of services and applications for drivers and passengers. The inter-vehicular communications provide a powerful foundation for designing these applications. _______________________________________________________________ Every modern vehicle can be regarded as a super sensor node. All new vehicles are usually equipped with thermometers, light sensors, one or more cameras, microphones. , which will enable them to communicate with each other and with roadside units. A wireless sensor network of such magnitude is unprecedented. Information can be generated and shared locally in a peer-to-peer manner without the need for restrictive infrastructure. ______________________________________________________________________ VANETs could involve the vehicles in one city, several cities, or even a country.SO VANETs are likely to be the largest realworld mobile ad hoc network. But communication in this network will be mainly local. Unlike the conventional mobile ad hoc networks and sensor networks where the constraint of energy is very strong, nodes in a VANET have not energy these constraints. Indeed, the nodes continually produce their own energy and can have a large capacity computation and communication interfaces and storage. _________________________________________________________________________ In this use case, the risk of lateral collisions for vehicles that are approaching road intersections is detected by vehicles or road side units. This information is signaled to the approaching vehicles in order to lessen the risk of lateral collisions. Aims to prevent collision between vehicles in an overtake situation An active emergency vehicle, e.g., ambulance, police car, informs other vehicles in its neighborhood to free an emergency corridor. This information can be re-broadcasted in the neighborhood by other vehicles and road side units. __________________________________________________________________________

Co-operative navigation: This type of applications, is used to increase the traffic efficiency by managing the navigation of vehicles through cooperation among vehicles and through cooperation between vehicles and road side units. _______________________________________________________________________ safety on the roads has become a priority for all governments around the world. Indeed the number of accidents on the roads continue to increase. With VANET, many possibilities could reduce these accidents. And through consortia and projects, the United States, Japan and the EU finance the development of VANET in order to reduce risk and more effectively manage traffic. VANET technology is still in development and deployment requires the lifting of many technological locks. Through the development and optimization of several points, the university and research centers are actively involved in the development of networks vehicles. Looking for new niche services, operators Telecoms are also interested in the technology of VANET. The VANET therefore constitute a promising new market and "business models" are studied in companies such as Deutsche Telekom, Vodafone and Telkom Italia. They are at the center of this technology. Because their products are used as nodes in the VANET, their own research teams and Development actively work to optimize the VANET. They work in collaboration with industry software and academic research centers. __________________________________________________________________________ Several projects are underway in the field of VANET as shown in the figure above. These projects all aim to study the potential of the IVC system to implement an intelligent transportation system. Initiative VII (Vehicle Infrastructure Integration) consortium between government American automakers (Ford, Volkswagen, BMW). The objective of this consortium is to explore the potential for VANET to provide a new range of services and applications todrivers. Experiments on 50 square km were made near Detroit to test the proposed applications. Project VSC (Vehicle Safety Communications 2002-2004 and 2006-2009): the project objectives VSC were: participating in the development of the DSRC standard, determine the minimum system (hardware and software) requirements and performance parameters of road safety applications and implement deployment models for these applications.

Car2Car Consortium: it is a consortium of car manufacturers, the university research centers (INRIA, University of Dsseldorf) and other partners such as the software industry Prevent (2004-2008): Sponsored by the EU consisted of a series of tests that have demonstrated the feasibility of road safety applications using systems communications and sensors in vehicles Project NOW (Networks on Wheels 2004-2008): is a program implemented by the German car manufacturers in collaboration with research institutes and is supported by the German Ministry of Research. This project aims to resolve issues keys such as communication protocols and data security for inter vehicular communications and make the results available to the consortium Car2Car for standardization activities. ________________________________________________________________________ Network technology vehicle is still under development. for a deployment in the near future, many locks must be removed. These locks cover both technical aspects such as routing or security but also socio-economic issues. VANET technology will have an impact only if the majority of vehicles are equipped with the IVC. Because of the long life cycles of vehicles, a proper penetration can only be achieved after several years, even if all newly produced cars have been equipped adequately. To solve this, governments can, for example , force drivers to equip their cars with a module IVC under a law whose purpose is to ensure road safety Another important social latch on to overcome the interoperability of the technology and the development of norms and standards internationals can only ensure asmooth running of the technology