THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR NATIONAL LAND ADMINISTRATION TOWARD SPATIALLY ENABLING GOVERNMENT

Abdul Rashid Mohamed Shariff, Associate Professor Dr. Ahmad Rodzi Mahmud, Associate Professor Dr. Abd. Halim Hamzah
Spatial and Numerical Modelling Laboratory Institute of Advance Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia

Nik Mohd Zain Nik Yusof, Professor Datuk Dr.

Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia

Hishamuddin Mohd Ali, Associate Professor Dr.

Faculty of Science Geoinformation and Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

List Of Contents
LiteratureReview
NationalLandAdministration,SpatialDataInfrastructure, SpatiallyEnablingGovernment

ResearchProblem
LandInformationDeliveryServices&DataSharing

ResearchObjective ResearchMethodology
QualitativeMethod Interpretive(indepthcasestudies)

ResearchContribution ResearchPublication
JournalPaperandProceedingPaper

Conclusion
Thisresearchcanhelptosolveandgivethebest solutionhowtoimprovethelandinformationdelivery serviceforgovernment,privateandpublicsector especiallylandadministrationatnationallevel TheSDIknowledgefromconceptualtorealitywithnice strategicposition,strategicchoiceandstrategicinto action,canhelpgovernmentandnongovernment agenciestoachieveaelectronicgovernment (egovernment)&towardspatiallyenabled government

TQ

Thank You For Your Attention

Land Administration
"ThePROCESSES ofdetermining,recordingand disseminatinginformationaboutthetenure,valueand useoflandwhenimplementinglandmanagement policies.ItisCONSIDEREDTOINCLUDEland registration,cadastralsurveyingandmapping,fiscal, legalandmultipurposecadastresandland informationsystems. AndCLOSETOORFACILITATES landuseplanningandvaluation/landtaxationsystems, althoughitdoesnotincludetheactuallanduse planningorlandvaluationprocesses".
UNECE(1996)andSteudler&Williamson(2002)

CadastralSystemsFacilitateThreeKeyAttributes ofLandAdministrationtowardSpatialInformation
(adaptedfromDale&McLaughlin(1999),Steudler&Williamson(2002)and Enemark,Williamson&Wallace(2005)
Attribute Information on land Ownership/Tenure

Attribute Information on Land Value

Attribute Information on Land Use

SPATIAL /LAND INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE

Malaysia Land Administration

LandOwnership/Tenure MinistryofNaturalResourcesandEnvironment Agencies: DepartmentofDirectorGeneralofLandandMines(JKPTG) StateandDistrictLandandMinesOffice(PTG&PTD) LandUse MinistryofHousingandLocalGovernment Agencies: DepartmentofFederalTownandCountryPlanning(JPBD) LandValue MinistryofFinance Agencies: DepartmentofValuationandPropertyServices(JPPH)

Malaysia Land Administration

Land Ownership Activities and Structure for Malaysia Land Administration with SDI Source: JKPTG (2007)
Department of Director General of Land and Mines (JKPTG) (Federal Level) Focus on Federal Government Land (such as lands of Ministry or Federal Agencies and as a advisor for state government land activities such as law and policy) National SDI level

State SDI level

Land and Mines Office (PTG) (State Level)

Department of Director General of Land and Mines (JKPTG) (State Level)

Local/District SDI level

District Land Office (PTD) (District Level)

Focus on State Government Land (such as alienation of land, disposal of land, enforcement, land development, land acquisition and land revenue)

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)

ANZLIC(1996),FGDC(1997),Rajabifard,Feeney,&Williamson(2003), GSDI(2004),McDougall(2006),Mohammadi(2008)

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)

SDIasafacilitatestheconveyanceofvirtuallyunlimited packagesofGI andnecessarytoacquireandeffective collection,managementprocess,store,distributeor deliveryservicesandimprovetheutilizationofgeospatial datasetincommunity.SDImore: i. Holisticrepresentation(involvetechnicalanduser environment); ii. Dynamicentity(identityandfunctionalitychange andbecomemorecomplexovertime); iii. Integrated and; iv. Multilevelledinnature(involvehierarchyofinter connectedSDIs)

Malaysia Land Administration with SDI

SDI COMPONENTS NATIONAL SDI SDI HIERARCHY STATE SDI LOCAL SDI INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD JPPH Include several activities such as administration, financial, facilities, human resources, coordination, custodianship, data access, sponsorship, leadership, education & training, policy and legislation (needs successful partnerships & communication between agencies and jurisdictions) Supported by federal government Supported by state and local government

FUNDAMENTAL DATASETS

Include several activities such as geodetic control, topographic features, cadastre map, administrative boundaries, geographic names and localities, street address and position of national & state projects (not definitive and dependent on the priorities of the responsible agency within each jurisdiction) National Geodetic Control Networks, Land use & Land covers National & State Control Networks National & Local Control Networks

JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD JPPH

Following: i. Custodianship Data Circular (PKPA 2001) ii. Pricing and Delivery Geospatial Data Circular (PKPA 2005) iii. Security Order for Geospatial Document Categories Circular (PKPA 2007) Consistent standards and policy such as National Standards or International (ISO/TC211) are required to enable the sharing, integration and distribution of spatial data; hence standards for data models, metadata, transfer and interoperability of storage and analysis software. Policy particularly needs to be consistent for the pricing and access to spatial data within and between jurisdictions. Following: i. MS1759 (Feature and Attribute Codes) ii. Malaysian Metadata Standard (International Standard Metadata ISO/TC211 19115 : Geographic Information) iii. Geography Name Database and Gazette iv. Land Administration Boundaries and Code Structure (UPI) Involves the acquisition, storage, integration, maintenance and enhancement of spatial data. Consists of the access and distribution networks and clearinghouse for getting spatial information/datasets to users State Directory Local Directory National Directory System System System Limited for federal government organisation only Limited for state or local government organisation only

TECHNICAL STANDARDS

JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD JPPH

ACCESS NETWORK JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD JPPH PEOPLE JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD JPPH

Include users, providers, administrators, custodians of spatial data, value-added re-sellers and the users can be governments agencies, academia, small or large business or individuals and non-profit sectors Limited for federal government organisation only Limited for state or local government organisation only

Malaysia Land Administration with SDI

SDI COMPONENTS NATIONAL SDI SDI HIERARCHY STATE SDI LOCAL SDI Include several activities such as administration, financial, facilities, human resources, coordination, custodianship, data access, sponsorship, leadership, education & training, policy and legislation (needs successful partnerships & communication between agencies and jurisdictions)

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD

Supported by federal government JPPH

Supported by state and local government

FUNDAMENTAL DATASETS

Include several activities such as geodetic control, topographic features, cadastre map, administrative boundaries, geographic names and localities, street address and position of national & state projects (not definitive and dependent on the priorities of the responsible agency within each jurisdiction) National Geodetic Control Networks, Land use & Land covers National & State Control Networks National & Local Control Networks

JKPTG / PTG / PTD JPBD JPPH

Following: i. Custodianship Data Circular (PKPA 2001) ii. Pricing and Delivery Geospatial Data Circular (PKPA 2005) iii. Security Order for Geospatial Document Categories Circular (PKPA 2007)

Spatially Enabling Government

SEGmeanusingspatialinpolicydevelopmentand servicesdelivery(landinformation) Cancreatemoreefficiency,effectiveness and competitiveness oflandadministrationfor governmentagency Reengineeringgovernmentprocesses Achievecrossjurisdictionalamongintra&inter landadministrationstakeholdersoragencyfor effectivegovernmentandmanagement

Holland(2007)

Key Performance Indicator

ToImplementationSDI ForNationalLandAdministration InstitutionalFramework Partnership CapacityBuilding DataSharing AccessNetwork FundamentalDatasets DataandMetadata TechnicalStandards People ToCreateSEG

OrganizationsFactor& LegalandPolicyFactor

Technology InfrastructureFactor PeopleFactor

Key Performance Indicator

TOIMPLEMENTATIONSDIFORNATIONALLANDADMINISTRATION InstitutionalFramework (Includeseveralactivitiessuchasadministration,financial,facilities, humanresources,coordination,custodianship,dataaccess, sponsorship,leadership,education&training,policyandlegislation) Partnership (Needssuccessfulcommunicationandinteractionbetweeninter or intrajurisdictionalamongstakeholders.BuildinganeffectiveSDIwill requireawellcoordinatedpartnershipamongfederal,state,local government,andacademicinstitutions) CapacityBuilding (Capacitybuildingdependentonlimitedofstaffwiththenecessary GImanagementskills) DataSharing (Definedastransactionsamongwhichindividuals,organisationsor partsoforganisationsobtainaccesstospatialdata) AccessNetwork (Involvestheacquisition,storage,integration,maintenanceand enhancementofspatialdata.Consistsoftheaccessanddistribution networksandclearinghouseforgettingspatialinformation/datasets tousersorstakeholders) TOCREATESEG

Organizations Factor& LegalandPolicy Factor (involve government departmentsand agencies)

Key Performance Indicator

TOIMPLEMENTATIONSDIFORNATIONALLANDADMINISTRATION FundamentalDatasets (Includeseveralactivitiessuchasgeodeticcontrol,cadastremap, administrativeboundariesandpositionofnational&stateprojects (notdefinitiveanddependentontheprioritiesoftheresponsible agencywithineachjurisdiction) DataandMetadata (Includedatathemesasareelectronicrecordsandcoordinatesfora topicorsubject,suchaselevationorvegetationandprovidethe coreframeworkdatawithspecificallygeodeticcontrol,elevationor cadastralandgovernmentalunits.Dataand/orgeospatialservices suchascontent,source,spatialscale,accuracy,methodof collection,andotherdescriptions.Metadataiscriticaltodocument, preserveandprotectagencies spatialdataassets) TechnicalStandards (Consistentstandardsandpolicyarerepeatedrules,conditions, guidelinesorcharacteristicsfordata,relatedprocesses,technology andorganisationarerequiredtoenablethesharing,integration and distributionofspatialdata;hencestandardsfordatamodels, metadata,transfer,storageinteroperabilityandanalysissoftware. Policyparticularlyneedstobeconsistentforthepricingandaccess tospatialdatawithinandbetweenjurisdictions) TOCREATESEG

Technology Infrastructure Factor (involvetechnical systemsand particularSDI

Key Performance Indicator

TOIMPLEMENTATIONSDIFORNATIONALLANDADMINISTRATION
People (Includeusersorstakeholders,providers,administrators,custodiansof spatialdata,valueaddedresellers.Peoplecanbegovernments agencies,corporate,public,privatesectors,academia,smallor large businessorindividualsandnonprofitsectors)

TOCREATESEG
PeopleFactor (involvecitizens, communities, businessand academic)

Summary...
Untiltoday,theintegrationamonglandadministration stakeholdersforcountrymultigovernmentdifficulttosolve Awarenessofmindsetfromtopmanagement/decision makerrelatedto: SDI1st Generationtoward2nd Generation InformationSystemmechanism&implementation Datasharingamonglandadministrationstakeholders Differentjurisdictionimplementationamongland administrationstakeholders NospecificActorlegalforgeospatialactivities NoideasaboutSEG

Research Problem
Mechanismtoaidthedatasharingbetweenmulti authoritiesamonglandadministrationstakeholdersin contactlandinformationdeliveryservicesatnational levelespeciallyforacountryhasmultigovernment (federal,stateandlocalgovernment) Thisresearchfocusonnontechnicalissuesonly(involve onpolicyandstrategyincurrentlandinformation deliverycircular).Generallythecurrentcircularcreated byfederalgovernmenthoweverthestateorlocal governmentcanimplementormaynotfollowitbecause limitedlegalisationandauthoritiesfactor

Research Objective
a. DeterminecriticalissuesrelatedonLandInformation DeliveryServicethatimpactefficientinnationalland administration b. Determineefficiencyofdatasharingamong stakeholdersinnationallandadministration c. Designthenationalstrategymanagementframework toimprovethelandinformationdeliveryservicesfor landadministrationwithspatialdatainfrastructure towardspatialityenabledgovernment

Research Methodology
SDIandLandAdministrationinvolveinformationsystem mechanism;policy;strategymanagement;and organization;thisresearchuseQualitativeResearch especially:
towardtoCapabilityInformationSystem(Ward&Peppard,2002) Interpretive researchforIS(Klein&Myers,2001)with ethnographicapproach(Denzin&Lincoln,2000)becausethis researchwantstouncoverthestorybehindthestatistics about casestudyandmorerelatedaboutlivedexperiences,behaviours, emotions,organizationalfunctioningandinteractionsorrelations betweennations/multilevelofgovernments

Research Methodology
Land Administration Spatial Data Infrastructure LIDS Issues Data Sharing National Strategy Framework Government Private Public Interview Questionnair e Observation Qualitative Method (in-depth case studies) Strategic Management Information System Land Information Strategy Management (Delivery Services Framework) for National Land Administration Plan (NLaP) Service-oriented Architecture Design and Test Research Objective Research Scope Country MultiGovernment Information System Spatial Enable Government Literature Review Research Problem Research Goal Land Information Delivery Services & Data Sharing in Land Administration

Research Contribution
DesignnewNationalLandAdministrationPlan(NLaP) frameworkwithseveralelementssuchas: Function GoalandObjective MainPrinciple PlanContext(includingnational,stateandlocallevel) andDevelopmentStrategies Policies ImplementationMechanism(includingactivity, responsibility,enablinglawandenabling instruments/institutions)

Journal Paper
1st journalpapersubmittoInternationalJournalSpatialData InfrastructureResearch(IJSDIR)undertitleSpatialData InfrastructureforMalaysiaLandAdministration already submit(PeerReview) Writingdraft2rd journalpaperundertitleNLaPFrameworkfor NationalLandAdministrationwithSpatialDataInfrastructure towardSpatialEnableGovernment

Proceeding Paper
Abd.Halim,H.,&Shariff,A.R.M.(2008,13th 15th October). TheImplementationofSpatialDataInfrastructuretoward SpatiallyEnablingGovernmentforMalaysiaLand AdministrationSystem. Paperpresentedatthe7th InternationalSymposiumandExhibitiononGeoinformation 2008(ISG2008),KualaLumpur. Abd.Halim,H.,Shariff,A.R.M.,Mahmud,A.R.,Yusof,N.M. Z.N.,&Ali,H.M.(2009,18th 20th August).Strategic ManagementInformationSystemApproachforMalaysia LandAdministrationInformationSystemwithSpatialData Infrastructure. Paperpresentedatthe8th AnnualAsian ConferenceandExhibitiononGeospatialInformation, TechnologyandApplications(MapAsia2009),Singapore.

Proceeding Paper
Abd.Halim,H.,Shariff,A.R.M.,Mahmud,A.R.,Yusof,N.M. Z.N.,&Ali,H.M.UndertitleLandInformationDelivery ServicesAtNationalLandAdministrationInformation System. AttheWorldEngineeringConference(WEC)(2010, 2nd 5th August),Sarawak,Malaysia. (next) Abd.Halim,H.,Shariff,A.R.M.,Mahmud,A.R.,Yusof,N.M. Z.N.,&Ali,H.M.UndertitleDataSharingIssuesInSDI ImplementationAtNationalLandAdministrationForCountry Multigovernment. AttheGSDI12WorldConferenceand PCGIAP(2010,18th 22th October),Singapore.

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)

i. Data (datasettechnologies); ii. People (financial,humanresources,organisationalremits, datasharingandpartnerships); iii. Accessmechanisms (accessnetworkofdatasetand deliverymechanisms); iv. Standards (technicalandstandards)and; v. Policies (legalandpolicy)

Research Contribution
Department of Director General of Land and Mines Department of Director General of Land and Mines Department of Federal Town and Country Planning (NLiD / EIS) Department of Federal Town and Country Planning Department of Valuation and Property Services (VIS / NAPIC) Department of Valuation and Property Services Federal Government

State Government

National Level State and District Land and Mines Office (e-Tanah) City, Municipal, District Council (Local Authority under GIS department) Planning/Urban Planning/ Development Planning Department (PIS) Assessment/ Property Management/ Evaluation Department (VIS)

Local Government

District Land Office (e-Tanah)

First Stage Service-oriented Architecture Design