Chapter 1 Introduction to Biology List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2.

. Conducting an experiment to study the fitness level of students Making bread using yeast in the absence and the presence of sugar

Chapter 2 Cell Structure and Cell Organisation List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Preparing and examining slides of plant cells Preparing and examining slides of animal cells Studying the living processes of unicellular organisms Observing photomicrographs and video clips of unicellular organisms Observing and studying the structure of system Observing and studying plant tissues Making models of tissues, organs and systems of human, animals and plants Conducting a role-play to show the cells are adapted for different functions

Chapter 3 Movement of Substances across the Plasma Membrane List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. The movement of substances across a semi-permeable membrane To demonstrate the process of osmosis using simple osmometer Conducting a role-play to show the movement of substances across the plasma membrane Studying the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on animal cells To study the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on plant cells (cell sap of onion cells) Determining the concentration of an external solution which is isotonic to the cell sap of a plant

Chapter 4 Chemical Composition of the Cell List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Differentiating between reducing and non-reducing sugars Conducting a role-play to show the involvement of specific organelles in the production of extracellular enzymes Studying the effects of temperature on salivary amylase activity Studying the effects of pH on the activity of pepsin Studying the effects of substrate concentration on salivary amylase activity Studying the effect of enzyme concentration on the activity of salivary amylase Conducting a role-play to show the consequences of deficiency in one of the chemical components in the cell Chapter 5 Cell Division List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Identifying the various phases of the cell cycle Observing photomicrographs and interactive animation about mitosis Making models to demonstrate mitosis and cytokinesis Preparing a slide of onion root tip to identify the various stages of mitosis Studying the process of controlled and uncontrolled mitosis and cytokinesis Visiting a research institute to study tissue culture technique Making models to study changes in chromosome behaviour during meiosis I and meiosis II

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Observing photomicrographs and computer animation about meiosis

Chapter 6 Nutrition List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Determining the energy value in food samples Testing for the presence of starch, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, protein and lipid in food samples Determining the vitamin C content in various fruit juices Planning and conducting an experiment to study enzyme action on starch Planning and conducting an experiment to study the enzyme action on a protein food sample Examining slides of the cross section of the small intestine Studying the movement of substances through the Visking tubing Studying the effects of macronutrient deficiency in plants Studying a cross-sectional model of a leaf stomata and chloroplasts 11. Investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis 12. Planting project in the science resource garden or school compound 13. Visiting relevant agencies to study ways to improve the quality and quantity of food production 14. Vegetable planting project 15. Preparing a portfolio on the technological development of food processing Chapter 7 Respiration List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Studying the process of aerobic respiration Investigate the process of anaerobic respiration in yeast Comparing the total surface area of a flat card with that of a corrugated card Observing graphics and live specimens of respiratory structures Constructing a model of the human lungs to explain the breathing mechanisms in human Investigating the difference between inhaled and exhaled air in terms of oxygen and carbon dioxide contents Investigating the differences between inhaled and exhaled air in terms of heat content Studying the effects of vigorous exercise on the breathing and heartbeat rates Demonstrating the effects of cigarette smoke on lung

10. Investigating the adaptation of plants to carry out photosynthesis with respect to the distribution of

Chapter 8 Dynamic Ecosystem List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Investigating the abiotic and biotic components in an ecosystem Investigating the feeding relationships and interactions between biotic components Studying the intraspecific and interspecific competitions in plants Studying the processes of colonisation and succession in a mangrove swamp Investigating the distribution of plants (Mimosa pudica) using the quadrat sampling technique Estimating the population size of garden snails using capture, mark, release and recapture technique Studying the relationship of population distribution of an organism with the changes of an abiotic factor Collecting stamps of local plants and animal Creating awareness of biodiversity of an ecosystem

10. Classifying various types of microorganisms 11. Studying the effects of temperature, pH, light intensity and nutrients on the activity of yeast 12. Preserving and conserving various living things around us Chapter 9 Endangered Ecosystem List of PEKA experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Comparing solid pollutants in the air of different environments Investigating the level of pollution in several different sources of water Formulating strategies to reduce the level of air and water pollution at a particular location Caring for an ecosystem in school: fish pond, a wildlife garden or a herbal garden Planning and conducting a programme related to the management of an ecosystem