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Fri Dec 09 22:09:51 2011

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int width = atoi( my_vec.at(1).c_str() ); if( !isdigit(height) || !isdigit(width)){ return false; } */ //if we got here we can return true return true; } void askYesNoQuestion() { string input_string = ""; cout << "Are you having a nice day? Enter Y or N :\n>"; //save the input into a variable getline(cin, input_string); //if they entered Y if (input_string == "Y") { cout << "I am glad you are having a nice day." << endl << endl; } else { cout << "I am sorry you are not having a nice day." << endl << endl; } } void askNumHigherThanZero() { int myNumber = 0; string input_string = ""; while (true) { cout << "Please enter a valid number greater than zero: "; getline(cin, input_string); //convert from string to number stringstream myStream(input_string); //make sure the conversion took and that the arg is greater than zero if ( (myStream >> myNumber) && ( atoi(input_string.c_str() ) > 0)) { break; } //try again cout << "Invalid number, please try again" << endl; } cout << "You entered a valid number: " << myNumber << endl << endl; } void askNumBetweenOneAndOneHundred() { int myNumber = 0; string input_string = ""; while (true) { cout << "Please enter a valid number between 1 and 100: "; getline(cin, input_string); //convert from string to number stringstream myStream(input_string); //make sure the conversion took if ( (myStream >> myNumber) && (atoi(input_string.c_str() ) > 0) && atoi(input_string.c_str() ) < 100) ) { break; } //try again

Script started on Fri 09 Dec 2011 10:05:16 PM CST \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ pwd /home/students/m_russo9 [m_russo9@mars ]$ pwd\033[K\stringarguments.infoString_ArgumentTPQ1-3.tpq \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$stringarguments.info \033[9P./stringargument.out exitStringArguments.h cat common_functions.cpp \033[2PCPP \033[1PStringArguments.hMatrix.info 033[K033[K033[K033[K\007\007cat String_ArgumentTPQ1-3.tpq cat stringargument.cpp \ stringargument stringarguments \ \033[1P.info \ pwd cat exit ******************************************************************************* * * Name: Mike Russo * * Date: 12/09/11 * * Level 3: Matrix Multiplation Lab * * Levels Attempted: * * Base: 3.5 * * Total: 3.5 * * Description: This assignment is a combination of strings, classes, and * 2D vectors, designed to multiply two matrices. I included some extra * functions in case a user wants any of the other three basic math * functions at a later date, even though this was not a level-earning * option. * ******************************************************************************* \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ cat common_fincti033[K033[K033[K033[K033[ \ \ \ \ \ Kunctions.cppp033[K \ #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <sstream> #include <vector> using namespace std; vector<string> &split(const string &s, char delim, vector<string> &elems) { stringstream ss(s); string item; while (getline(ss, item, delim)) { elems.push_back(item); } return elems; } vector<string> split(const string &s, char delim) { vector<string> elems; return split(s, delim, elems); } //function to check if a given string //meets our vector format (3x4, etc) bool isValidFormat(string str) { //split the string on the X std::vector<std::string> my_vec = split(str, x); //if there are less than two elements then return false if ( my_vec.size() < 2) { return false; } /* //if both elements arent integers then return false int height = atoi( my_vec.at(0).c_str() );

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Fri Dec 09 22:09:51 2011

cout << "Invalid number, please try again" << endl;

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} else return data[r*ncols+c]; } ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, matrix &m) { int mval = m.getRow(); int nval = m.getCol(); for (int i = 0; i < mval; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < nval; j++) os << m(i, j) << " "; os << endl; } return os; } //To compute the summation matrix matrix::operator+(matrix& a) { matrix sum(nrows, ncols); for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < ncols; j++) sum(i, j) = (i, j) + a(i, j); return sum; } //To compute the multiplication matrix matrix::operator*(matrix& a) { matrix product(nrows, ncols); for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < ncols; j++) product(i, j) = (i, j) * a(i, j); return product; } //To compute the substraction matrix matrix::operator-(matrix& a) { matrix difference(nrows, ncols); for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < ncols; j++) difference(i, j) = (i, j) - a(i, j); return difference; } //To compute the division matrix matrix::operator/(matrix& a) { matrix divide(nrows, ncols); for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < ncols; j++) divide(i, j) = (i, j) / a(i, j); return divide; } \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ cat matrix_mult.cpp #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <sstream> #include <vector> #include"common_functions.cpp" #include "matrix.h" using namespace std; int main() { string input_string = ""; ///////////////////////////////////////

} cout << "You entered a valid number: " << myNumber << endl << endl; } \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ s033[Kcat matrix.h \ //this is matrix.h using namespace std; class matrix { public: matrix(); matrix(int m, int n); int getRow(); int getCol(); double& operator()(int, int); //the operator used in the matrix class which are (addition operator, multipli cation operator,substraction operator, and divide operator). friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, matrix& m); matrix operator + (matrix&); matrix operator * (matrix&); matrix operator - (matrix&); matrix operator / (matrix&); private: void init(int, int); int nrows, ncols; double *data; }; matrix::matrix() { init(1, 1); } matrix::matrix(int m, int n) { init(m, n); } //destructor to delete the used dynamic memory. void matrix::init(int m, int n) { nrows = m; ncols = n; data = new double[m*n]; for (int i = 0; i < m*n; i++) data[i] = 0; } int matrix::getRow() { return nrows; } int matrix::getCol() { return ncols; } double& matrix::operator ()(int r, int c) { if (r < 0 || r > nrows) { cout << "Illegal row index"; return data[0]; } else if (c < 0 || c > ncols) { cout << "Illegal Column Index:"; return data[0];

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stringstream myStream(input_string); //make sure the conversion took if ( isValidFormat(input_string) ) { break; } //try again cout << "Invalid matrix format, please try again" << endl; } //now we can split the string on the X and examine the values //to convert to pig latin, we will first split up the line on spaces mat_vector = split(input_string, x); //heres the first number str1 = mat_vector.at(0); //convert to int height = atoi( str1.c_str() ); //cout << "height is: " << height << endl << endl; //second number str2 = mat_vector.at(1); //convert to int width = atoi( str2.c_str() ); //////////////////////// //here we can make sure each number is //within a certain range or whatever //////////////////////// //////////////// //create the first matrix object matrix matrix2(height, width); //////////////// //create a loop to fill to iterate the //same number of times as their height for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) { //a nested loop to populate this row for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) { cout << "Enter the next number for row: " << (i + 1) << endl < < endl; //get the input getline(cin, input_string); //convert the string and add the value to the matrix int my_int = atoi( input_string.c_str() ); matrix2(i, j) = my_int; } } //create a new matrix and do the multiplication matrix matrix3 = (matrix1 * matrix2); cout << "matrix matrix1*matrix2\n"; cout << matrix3 << endl; cout << "all done!" << endl; return 0; } \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ CPP matric033[Kx_mult \ matrix_mult.cpp*** In file included from matrix_mult.cpp:5: common_functions.cpp:14: instantiated from here common_functions.cpp:14: instantiated from here common_functions.cpp:14: instantiated from here In file included from matrix_mult.cpp:6: matrix.h:4: warning: class matrix has pointer data members matrix.h:4: warning: but does not override matrix(const matrix&) matrix.h:4: warning: or operator=(const matrix&) matrix.h: In constructor matrix::matrix():

/////////////////////////////////////// //MATRIX 1 //make sure they entered a number, an x, and a number while (true) { cout << "Please enter the size of your first matrix: "; getline(cin, input_string); //convert from string to number stringstream myStream(input_string); //make sure the conversion took if ( isValidFormat(input_string) ) { break; } //try again cout << "Invalid matrix format, please try again" << endl; } //now we can split the string on the X and examine the values //to convert to pig latin, we will first split up the line on spaces std::vector<std::string> mat_vector = split(input_string, x); //heres the first number string str1 = mat_vector.at(0); //convert to int int height = atoi( str1.c_str() ); //cout << "height is: " << height << endl << endl; //second number string str2 = mat_vector.at(1); //convert to int int width = atoi( str2.c_str() ); //////////////////////// //here we can make sure each number is //within a certain range or whatever //////////////////////// //////////////// //create the first matrix object matrix matrix1(height, width); //////////////// //create a loop to fill to iterate the //same number of times as their height for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) { //a nested loop to populate this row for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) { cout << "Enter the next number for row: " << (i + 1) << endl < < endl; //get the input getline(cin, input_string); //convert the string and add the value to the matrix int my_int = atoi( input_string.c_str() ); matrix1(i, j) = my_int; } } /////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////// //MATRIX 2 //make sure they entered a number, an x, and a number while (true) { cout << "Please enter the size of your second matrix: "; getline(cin, input_string); //convert from string to number

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Fri Dec 09 22:09:51 2011

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54 Enter the next number for row: 3 43 Enter the next number for row: 3 4 Please enter the size of your second matrix: Invalid matrix format, please try again Please enter the size of your second matrix: Invalid matrix format, please try again Please enter the size of your second matrix: Invalid matrix format, please try again Please enter the size of your second matrix: Enter the next number for row: 1 21 Enter the next number for row: 1 32 Enter the next number for row: 1 32 Enter the next number for row: 1

matrix.h:23: warning: matrix::nrows should be initialized in the member initialization list matrix.h:23: warning: matrix::ncols should be initialized in the member initialization list matrix.h:23: warning: matrix::data should be initialized in the member initialization list matrix.h: In constructor matrix::matrix(int, int): matrix.h:27: warning: matrix::nrows should be initialized in the member initialization list matrix.h:27: warning: matrix::ncols should be initialized in the member initialization list matrix.h:27: warning: matrix::data should be initialized in the member initialization list matrix.h: In member function matrix matrix::operator+(matrix&): matrix.h:79: warning: left-hand operand of comma has no effect matrix.h: In member function matrix matrix::operator*(matrix&): matrix.h:88: warning: left-hand operand of comma has no effect matrix.h: In member function matrix matrix::operator-(matrix&): matrix.h:97: warning: left-hand operand of comma has no effect matrix.h: In member function matrix matrix::operator/(matrix&): matrix.h:106: warning: left-hand operand of comma has no effect common_functions.cpp:14: instantiated from here common_functions.cpp:21: instantiated from here

4 4 45 5x4 4x4

\033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ ./matric033[Kx_mult.out \ Please enter the size of your first matrix: 3x5 Enter the next number for row: 1 3 Enter the next number for row: 1 4 Enter the next number for row: 1 56 Enter the next number for row: 1 87 Enter the next number for row: 1 32 Enter the next number for row: 2 21 Enter the next number for row: 2 34 Enter the next number for row: 2 1 Enter the next number for row: 2 2 Enter the next number for row: 2 34 Enter the next number for row: 3 56 Enter the next number for row: 3 6 Enter the next number for row: 3

45 Enter the next number for row: 2 35 Enter the next number for row: 2 2 Enter the next number for row: 2 2 Enter the next number for row: 2 2 Enter the next number for row: 3 3 Enter the next number for row: 3 3 Enter the next number for row: 3 3 Enter the next number for row: 3 2 Enter the next number for row: 4 3 Enter the next number for row: 4 3 Enter the next number for row: 4 3 Enter the next number for row: 4 2 Enter the next number for row: 5

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How can you be sure that if the two matrices fit that their products will also fit in your maximum dimensions? Is there something you should do with your maximum dimensions to make this work? How exactly does matrix multiplication work again? For each ____ of the left-hand matr ix, I multiply element-wise by the ____ of the right-hand matrix -- summing the result s and placing it in the answer matrix. Then I proceed through each such pair of ____ a nd ____. Hmm...Oh, yeah... ANSWER:To find this multiply matrices, you have to compute each entry in the third mat rix one at a time. So to find the entry (a,b) in the third matrix, you take the sum of the products of the elements in the ath row in the first matrix and the bth column in second matrix. Suppose the ath row equals [a1,a2,.. .,an] and the bth column equals [b1,b2,...,bn]. Then we can compute every entry (a,b) of the third m atrix as (a,b) = a1*b1 + a2*b2 + ... + an*bn. How many loops are implied by the matrix multiplication traversal pattern? (Hint: Ther e are at least 2 since matrices are 2D...)

3 Enter the next number for row: 5

Enter the next number for row: 5 2 Enter the next number for row: 5 23 matrix matrix1*matrix2 0 32 64 135 140 0 2 4 6 12 0 3 6 6 12 all done! \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ 2 bash: 2: command not found \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ 2 bash: 2: command not found \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ 3 bash: 3: command not found \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ 3033[K\007\007cat matrix \ \033[1P\007\007\007\007\033 [4h\033[4l\007\007\007\033[4h[\033[4l\033[4hA\033[4l bash: [Aat: command not found \033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ cat Matrix.tpq Thought Provoking Questions - Matrix 1 How can you test force them to enter a valid dimension for their matrix -- not letti ng the program continue without a usable size? ANSWER: As you can see, in this function, the number of rows is controlled by fail-fal sifying branches. The two accessors above it in the library access the nrows and ncols values, and then we compare r and c to those values for valid responses, as shown: double& matrix::operator ()(int r, int c) { if (r < 0 || r > nrows) { cout << "Illegal row index"; return data[0]; } else if (c < 0 || c > ncols) { cout << "Illegal Column Index:"; return data[0]; } else return data[r*ncols+c]; }

How can you print a 2D vector row by row? ANSWER: The &ostream. will display a matrix. This is one way:

bool Matrix::display(ostream &out[]) { bool rv=init; if(init=true) { for(int r=0,r<rows;r++) { for (int c=0,c<cols;c++) { cout.width(10); cout.percision(2); cout.setf(ios::fixed); cout.ios::showpoint); cout<<matrix[r][c]; } cout<<endl; } } return rv; }& later, pass the resultant matrix through this member function. How many answer matrices do you need? There are four possible orderings, each of which would give its own answer. But do you need them all at once? ANSWER:There is only one answer matrix. It is the result of M1xM2.

How can you read in their matrix values row by row? ANSWER: Use a serious of statements involving the array to integer (atoi) function. N ot common in c++, but still legal, if you read it into a string, then turn that string into an integer. How can you test whether each of the possible orderings is valid or not? (Hint: There are 4 orderings: f*f, f*s, s*f, s*s. Where f is the first matrix and s the second.)

\033]0;m_russo9@mars:\007[m_russo9@mars ]$ exot033[K033[Kit \ \ exit Script done on Fri 09 Dec 2011 10:09:51 PM CST